Gudun burbushin halittu mai siffar gemstone, wannan halitta mai ban mamaki da ake kira amber, yawanci yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan amfani da shi saboda yawan adadin kuzarin da ke ƙunshe saboda babban tsoho. Ƙarfin ruhaniya ya kawo muku wannan labari mai ban sha'awa inda zaku gano abubuwan da ke tattare da shi, halayensa, inda zaku same su da sauran su. Ci gaba da karantawa don gano komai.
Menene amber?
Kuma aka sani da Larabci o takaicce, ana iya cewa amber ba daidai ba ne dutse mai daraja, amma a maimakon haka tsofaffin guduro tare da yanayin kayan lambu. Wadannan, gaba ɗaya, an samo su ne daga ragowar conifers da wasu angiosperms. Ana iya fahimtar sunansa kamar abin da ke yawo a cikin teku, tunda kawai kuna iya ganin yadda yake shawagi a cikin ruwan tekun. Daga cikin nau'ikansa za ku iya samun inuwa daban-daban, kamar kore, orange, rawaya mai haske.
An ce wannan dutse mai daraja ya kai shekaru aƙalla shekaru dubu ɗari, duk da haka wasu bincike sun nuna cewa wasu guntun amber sun kai aƙalla shekaru miliyan kaɗan. Wannan yana nufin cewa an gano shi kusan a cikin lokacin Neolithic. An lissafta shi azaman tsarin tsarin halitta kuma galibi ana yin su ne da resins coniferous ta wasu tsagi da suka samo asali daga bishiyoyi.
Asali da rarrabawa
Asalin wannan dutse mai daraja yana faruwa ne a lokacin da ɗimbin yawa suka samo asali da guduro a matsayin kariya daga wahala da gurɓataccen ƙwayar cuta. Misali, lokacin da fungi, kwayoyin cuta ko kwari kamar beetles suka kai musu hari. A lokacin ne wannan resin ke ƙarfafa ta hanyar zagayowar polymerization a cikin duwatsun yumbu. Yawancin waɗannan duwatsun yawanci suna cikin dutsen farar ƙasa wanda ya samo asali daga koguna.
Ana ɗaukarsa wani abu ne na halitta tunda ba a fayyace yanayinsa gabaɗaya ba, abubuwan da ke tattare da shi sun bambanta tunda ya dogara da yawa akan girman da ya samo asali. Duk da haka, duk waɗannan resins koyaushe za su kasance suna da sashi ɗaya a gamayya. An san cewa a sassa daban-daban na duniya waɗannan sun samo asali ne daga bishiyoyi daban-daban, a cikin Turai ya samo asali daga pinus succinifera, a kasashen kamar México zo daga shuke-shuke da harshen wuta guapinol.
A sauran wurare kamar Nicaraguan, Cuba y Jamhuriyar Dominican, amber yana samuwa daga bishiyoyi da aka sani da caro, asali daga mataki na ilimin kasa. Bincike ya nuna cewa samfurin farko da aka samu na wannan dutsen mai daraja ya kasance a yankin Tekun Baltic, kasancewar wannan shi ne mafi tsattsauran ra'ayi da dan'adam ya taba, tun da haduwarsu ta kai kimanin shekaru 30000 a birnin Hannover, jamus.
Adadin ajiya
Wannan resin mai daraja yana da adibas da aka samu a yankuna kamar su Tekun Baltic, Jamhuriyar Dominican, Mexico, Madagascar y Colombia don amfani da masana'antu. Duwatsun da aka samu a wadannan kasashe biyu na baya ba a sanya su a cikin tantance wadannan duwatsun ba saboda karancin lokacin burbushinsu, shi ne ake kiransu Copal. Don binciken kimiyya ana samun mahimmin adibas a ciki España musamman in Cantabria, Teruel y Burgos.
An san cewa ana iya samun wannan dutse mai daraja a warwatse a duk duniya, duk da haka, wurare 20 ne kawai aka sani tare da adadin da ake bukata don hakar ma'adinai don zama kasuwa da gaske. A halin yanzu, wanda ke samar da mafi yawan amber shine adibas da ke cikin Gabashin Turai. Kuna iya son karantawa baki tourmaline.
Abubuwan da aka bayar na Amber Properties
Kasancewar wannan ɗayan mafi kyawun halitta kuma na musamman na yanayin uwa, an san cewa ba kamar gilashi da duwatsu masu daraja waɗanda suka samo asali a cikin kogo da geodes ba. Amber wani kyakkyawan samfur ne wanda ya samo asali daga bishiyoyi, kamar yadda muka ambata. Kuma kasancewar babban tsohon dutse za ku sami adadi mai yawa na hadisai da tatsuniyoyi masu yawa game da wannan guduro mai tamani, suna kawo, alal misali, ma'ana game da launi da kanta yana haifar da zuma, dumi da gida.
An ce, alal misali, launin ruwan lemu mai zafi da aka nuna a cikin da yawa daga cikin abubuwan da ya gabatar, samfur ne na kuzarin da ke jan hankalin sha’awa da kuma ƙarfafa waɗanda yawanci suke jin kunya game da ɗaukar mataki. To, ance wannan dutse ko ta yaya ya kwantar da hankalinsa saboda sabo da kuma zafi mai yawa wanda ke yada girgizar dutsen amber.
Abun ciki da samuwar
Abubuwan da ke tattare da wannan dutsen mai daraja yana nuna nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i mai nau'i wanda ke samuwa a cikin barasa, ether da chloroform. Hakanan an san cewa wannan gem ɗin macromolecule ne ta hanyar polymerization godiya ga magabata na dabarar sinadarai da aka sani da suna. labdanum. Waɗannan na ƙarshe su ne diterpenes da kuma triene, Dukansu ɓangare ne na kwarangwal na kwayoyin halitta wanda ke cikin tsarin zagayowar polymerization.
Idan amber ya sami kansa a zafin jiki fiye da digiri 210, ya rushe kuma zai shiga cikin yanayin ruwa, ya zama sanannen man amber. Barin ragowar sautin duhu da ake kira as ruwan 'ya'yan itace o sautin amber. Yawanci ana haɗe wannan da turpentine ko man linseed kuma shine inda amber varnish ya samo asali.
Horo
Game da wannan, an san cewa amber yana farawa da samuwarsa tare da polymerization na kwayoyin halitta, sakamakon babban matsin lamba da zafi da ke haifar da hazo mai girma kuma yana canza resin farko zuwa abin da ake kira. kofa. Babban zafin jiki da matsa lamba da aka kiyaye sun keɓance mahaɗan kwayoyin halitta kuma a ƙarshe shine lokacin da samuwar amber ya samo asali.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J17gTJHuW3M
Amma, don wannan tsari ya faru, resin dole ne ya kasance mai rauni ga tarwatsewar da yake fama da shi idan an sanya shi cikin yanayin zafi. An san wane nau'in nau'in massifs ne ke samo resin, amma a cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan wannan ajiyar ta lalace ta hanyar tsarin jiki da na halitta. Misali, fallasa hasken rana, hazo, microbes ko kwayoyin cuta ciki har da fungi, da matsanancin zafi suna kawo rushewar guduro.
Wajibi ne cewa don guduro ya rayu tsawon lokaci don canzawa zuwa dutse mai daraja wanda yake amber, dole ne ya kasance mai rauni ga wakilai na waje ko ya samo asali a cikin yanayin da ke ba da su.
Ka'idar Botanical da kaddarorin jiki
Wadannan sanannun Semi-daraja duwatsu masu daraja daga Turai ya kasu kashi 2 azuzuwan, farawa da sanannen amber na Tekun Baltic da na biyu wanda yayi kama da saitin Agathis. A daya bangaren, burbushin duwatsun da aka samu a ciki Amurka y Afrika suna da alaƙa kusa da nau'in zamani Hymenaea, tun daga farkon watan Tekun Baltic su ne burbushin resins daga ciyayi na zuriya Sciadopitaceae wanda ya yawaita ya wanzu a arewacin kasar Turai.
Daga cikin kaddarorinsa na zahiri, ana iya cewa wannan resin, a yawancin gabatarwar sa, yana da taurin tsakanin 2 zuwa 3 akan ma'aunin taurin wajen rarraba ma'adanai. Har ila yau, yana da ma'anar refractive tsakanin 1,5 da 1,6 da wurin narkewa tsakanin digiri 250 zuwa 300. Ana iya samun su tsakanin launuka bambaro rawaya, fari, launin ruwan kasa da m. Tare da farin ratsin ɗigon haske da zarar an goge.
Haɗin kai
Abubuwan da aka sanya ko haɗawa sun samo asali ne daga ci gaban resin da ba a taɓa gani ba a cikin daskararrun masu rai, wanda ke haifar da asalin amber, cin hanci da rashawa yana faruwa akai-akai, ainihin lokacin da lacquer ya faɗo daga saman, yana haifar da ƙarancin amfani, sai dai kawai. samar da amber varnish. Gabatarwar sauran compendia yana sarrafa ƙirƙirar sautin da ba a zata ba ga amber.
Idan sun samu cakuduwar da aka sani pyrites Suna samun bluish pigmentation. Gudun burbushin kwarangwal yana da duhun duhun sa ga ƙananan kumfa da aka yi a ciki a cikin amber. A cikin wannan dutse mai daraja, baƙar fata da duhu sun haɗa da amber, daga samuwarsa zuwa ƙarfin kuzari, babban adawa, hotuna masu girman gaske na X-ray.
A daya bangaren kuma, burbushin burbushin yakan yi nisa a saman bawon kututtuka da rassansa, yana kama kumfa na iska, barbashi na ruwa, tarkacen kura ko ma kananan halittu masu rai. Irin su tsire-tsire masu kama da orchid, mosses, lichens, tsaba, da yalwar ƙananan furanni. Yana da yanzu samuwa a kan mu blog game da labradorite.
Hakanan zaka iya samun fungi, kwari irin su tururuwa, sauro, kudan zuma, tururi, malam buɗe ido ko dodanniya, gizo-gizo, kunamai, tsutsotsi har ma da qananan kashin baya. Alal misali, salamanders ko toads, wanda ya kasance a cikin tsari kamar yadda aka cire burbushin halittu, amma ba tare da damuwa da rashin ruwa ba a kai a kai.
Yin waɗannan tsire-tsire da dabbobin suna kare kansu ta yadda za a iya samun wani kaso mai yawa na rarraba cellulose da ma guntuwar DNA ɗin su a zamanin yanzu.
Irin waɗannan abubuwan da ake sakawa suna ƙara ba kawai kyakkyawa ga guntun dutsen amber ba, har ma da tarin tarin bayanai na duniya ga masana kimiyya. Tun da ta hanyar wannan nau'i ne aka mallaki bayanan wanzuwar miliyoyin shekaru da suka wuce, ciki har da bayanai kan nau'in da suka riga sun bace.
An san cewa an samo nau'in resin amber mai mahimmanci daga tsarin paleoenvironmental. Wannan ya sa masu bincike su sake kera matukin jirgi daga yanayin da ya wuce dubunnan dubunnan da suka wuce. Girman, nau'in samfurin, tsabtarsa, adadi har ma da hangen nesa abubuwa ne masu mahimmanci waɗanda ke shiga tsakani a cikin kimantawar abin da aka saka.
nau'in amber
Nau'o'in wannan kyakkyawan burbushin burbushin halittu an lissafta su ne dangane da inda suka fito, kasancewar duk suna daidai da daraja, za mu yi dalla-dalla kowane irin nau'in amber. Don ƙarin bayani ci gaba da karantawa.
dominic amber
Jamhuriyar Dominican Yana ɗaya daga cikin ƴan garuruwan da ke da kyakkyawan ajiya na wannan gem mai daraja. Musamman a cikin metropolis na Puerto Plata, kasancewarsa babban mai kasuwa kuma mai tono amber. Ya zama sananne sosai har an san shi da sunan Amber Coast. Wannan guduro burbushin burbushin Dominican yana da ɗimbin bambance-bambancen fallasa dangane da sautunansa, girma da tsarinsa.
Ana samun shi a cikin ma'auni mai yawa na pigments, wanda, wanda ya fi dacewa shine bambaro da launin ruwan kasa, waɗannan su ne mafi yawan lokuta. Sauran nau'ikan wannan dutse suna zuwa da launuka masu launin kore da inuwar shuɗi. Dominican amber ya shahara a duk duniya don shigarwar da yake gabatarwa. Yawancin waɗannan duwatsun da aka samo sun haɗa da irin su kunamai, salamanders har ma da nau'in kwadi.
Sun zama abin ƙima a matsayin abubuwan da ba safai ba, don haka sun kai guntuwar burbushin halittu na Dominican da aka gano a cikin 1997 wanda aka kiyasta kusan fiye da dala 50.000. Wannan guntun yana da haɗe da ɗan ƙaramin kwaɗo, an tsare shi sosai. Yawan gano kwari iri-iri a cikin amber na Dominican ya ninka sau goma fiye da na sauran nau'ikan amber. Wani sifa na wannan nau'in shine yawanci 90% ƙarin crystalline.
Daga cikin halayensa, ana iya ganin cewa ana iya samun waɗannan nau'ikan amber a yankuna daban-daban kuma a cikin inuwa masu ban mamaki. Zai iya zama launin rawaya mai haske kuma ya juya zuwa ja mai ban sha'awa, kuma ana iya samun su a cikin inuwar shuɗi ko a cikin launuka masu launin shuɗi, gano ƙarshen yawanci wani lamari ne mai ban mamaki.
Gundumomi masu ajiyar amber
Ko da yake an san cewa mafi girman hakar yana faruwa a Puerto de Plata, ana iya cewa an raba ƙasar zuwa yankuna biyu inda za'a iya samun wannan dutse mai daraja. Na farkonsu shi ne gundumar arewa dake tsakanin garuruwan John of Nina har zuwa Ambrose Ranch. A cikin waɗannan garuruwan za ku sami nau'in amber mafi rauni wanda idan yanayin zafi ya yi zafi, yana saurin fashewa. Iri 3 da ake samu a wannan yanki sune:
- Guduro mai launin rawaya mai haske, yana da karye sosai, mai laushi, ba tare da sinadarin kayan lambu ko kwari ba.
- Karamin rawaya amber mai karyewa, Wannan shi ne ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfi, tare da gutsuttsura na ciki kuma ya ƙunshi kayan lambu.
- blue kayan lambu dutse m isa, ya ƙunshi najasa abun sakawa, duk wannan iri-iri na shudin guduro yana da wasu ƙazanta kuma gabaɗaya shi ne mafi wuya samu.
Sannan akwai gundumar kudu, A ina zaka iya samun nau'ikan 3 waɗanda suke masu zuwa:
Sashin Palo Alto:
Amber na wannan yanki yawanci launin rawaya ne, yana da ƙaƙƙarfan ragowar tsire-tsire, yana da ƙarfi sosai, ya karye sosai kuma yana ɗaukar kwari aƙalla sau goma fiye da amber na gundumar Arewa. An kafa ta ne ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba daga burbushin da aka samu a Arewa kuma kamshinsa ya kusan zama amber. Abubuwan taɓawa. Babu babban iri-iri na duhu amber.
Sashen Toca
Yanki na Abubuwan taɓawa Yana da nisan kilomita 4.5 a ko'ina cikin yankin, yana farawa daga Palo Alto kuma ajiyar guda 2 suna ƙarƙashin wani yanki mai yashi mai girma. Yana mai nuni da cewa garuruwan 2 na iya ƙunsar a cikin tsawaita ɗaiɗaiɗi ɗaya. Gudun da aka samo a wannan yanki yawanci ya fi bambanta, saboda ya zama mafi kyau kuma mafi muni. Suna da halaye cewa yana da wuyar gaske, ba mai karye sosai ba kuma yana da ɓarna na kwari da kayan lambu.
Anan zaka iya samun jan amber mai daraja, launin ja mai launin ja shine tsatsa na sama wanda ke rufe murfinsa, yana barin amber mai launin rawaya a bayyane. A lokacin manyan masana'antu, ana samun kusan fam 300 na wannan dutse mai daraja kowane wata, wanda ya samo asali daga Abubuwan taɓawa.
Sashin Itace Kone
Gudun burbushin wannan yanki bai ƙunshi nau'ikan kwari iri-iri ba kuma yana da 'yan kayan lambu kaɗan, duk da haka, ana yaba shi azaman amber mafi kyau a ƙasar. Wannan yana nufin sifofin wannan amber shine cewa a zahiri tana da tsafta, tare da ƴan karaya kaɗan, galibin tauri kuma ba ta da ƙarfi sosai. Yana fitar da samfuran mintuna na macijin archetype tare da wasu alamun sautuna.
Babban bambancin inuwa yawanci ana lura da su a cikin abin da za a iya samun ja, tare da ƙanshi mai kyau. Galibin wannan burbushin burbushin da aka tono daga wannan wuri ya karye, wannan ya faru ne sakamakon yadda ‘yan kasuwa ke hakowa, wanda hakan ya sanya ambar ya kara karye.
Amber Museum a Jamhuriyar Dominican
A cikin garin da aka ambata Puerto Plata A nan ne gidan kayan gargajiyar da ke da cikakkiyar tarin wannan gem mai daraja mai daraja kuma yana da mahimmanci tun lokacin da yawancin masu bincike sukan hadu don nazarin irin wannan nau'in amber na Dominican. Gidan kayan gargajiya ne mai zaman kansa da ake kira duniya amber, A cikinsa za ku iya sanin nau'ikan, gabatarwar su, tarihi, jagora kuma za ku iya koyan yadda ake cire wannan dutse mai ban mamaki.
amber mexica
Zuwan Amurka ta Tsakiya, musamman zuwa México, yankin da ake ganin shi ne mafi girman samar da wannan dutsen shi ne Chiapas. Bincike ya nuna cewa wadannan duwatsun sun kasance tun kimanin shekaru miliyan 27 da suka gabata, zuwa lokacin Oligocene da tsakiyar Miocene. Don wannan yanki za ku iya samun kusan adibas ɗari biyar, waɗannan ana yin su ne daga asalinsa kawai ta maza.
A tsakiyar shekarar 2012, saboda cunkoson 'yan kasuwa daga Sin, wanda aka kawo a sakamakon haka an yi karin tono. Samun a sakamakon wuce gona da iri na adibas. Amber daga wannan yanki yana da a matsayin halayen jiki taurin 2.5 zuwa 3 akan sikelin rarrabuwar ma'adinai. Wannan ya sa ya zama ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyau a duniya.
Daga cikin bambance-bambancensa, ana iya samun inuwa daban-daban guda 11, duk da haka, yana yiwuwa har ma fiye da nau'ikan amber 30 za a iya samu a ciki. Chiapas.
Museum a cikin San Cristobal
An kafa shi a ranar 4 ga Disamba, 2000 a cikin tsohon ginin da ya yi aiki ga 'yan haya daban-daban a cikin shekara ta 1536, an dauke shi gidan kayan gargajiya na musamman na irinsa. A halin yanzu yana ƙunshe da nuni mai kusan guda 351, duka danye da mafi yawan aikin da aka samu.
A ciki za ku iya kallon dakin samfurin amber wanda ke hango, farkonsa, tarihinsa, cirewa, gogewa da girman kyakkyawan guduro. Baya ga wannan kuma ya ƙunshi shago, wurin bita, kantin ƙarfe da ɗaki mai fa'ida. A sassa daban-daban, ana lura da masu sha'awar wannan dutse inda za su koyi daga ƙasarsu ta asali, inda suka kasance da kuma akwai ajiya, yadda aka yi shi, yadda ake fitar da shi, duk amfani da girman bayanai.
Kuna iya ganin ƙwarewar ma'aikata da sassaƙa tare da guntu na musamman, iri-iri na waɗannan masu cin nasara. Kowane bangare yana da haske mai kyau kuma yana da bayanin kula da bincike da aka fassara zuwa harsuna kamar su Sifen, Ingilishi, Faransanci, Italiyanci, Jamusanci da Jafananci.
amber baltic
daga Tekun Baltic wannan sanannen kuma tsohon dutse da ake kira takaicce Halin wannan dutsen ganyayyaki shine lacquer prehistoric na acipres, waɗannan suna cikin mafi yawan bambance-bambancen su wanda ya samo asali daga shekaru miliyan 45 da suka wuce. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan halayensa shine cewa wannan amber, ba kamar yadda ake samu a wasu ƙasashe ba, an haɗa shi da succinic acid.
Ana iya cewa, a cikin wannan burbushin dutsen Baltic, ana iya samun kusan fili tsakanin 5% da 8%, idan aka kwatanta da mafi ƙarancin kashi a cikin amber daga sauran ƙasashe. Ƙarƙashin dutsen ganyayyaki yana fitowa daga Tekun Baltic yana tsakanin 2-4 a cikin rarraba ma'adanai. Amber ya Tekun Baltic yana daya daga cikin mafi girma kuma saboda haka daya daga cikin mafi girma da kuma so a duniya.
spanish amber
A baya mun ambaci wannan kasa mai ban mamaki a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan masu kasuwa a yau na wannan kyakkyawan burbushin dutse. A cikin mahaifiyar ƙasa akwai kusan adibas na amber 120, yawancin su daga lokacin Cretaceous. Daga cikinsu takwas ne kawai ke da abubuwan da aka haɗa kuma suna da farko a cikin yashi na Iberian Plate lokacin Ƙananan Cretaceous, nasaba da kwarara deltaic y esturine.
Daga cikin mahimman adibas na España cewa kwanan wata daga lokutan da aka ambata, ana iya ambaton waɗanda ke cikin rufaffiyar dutse, yanki tsakanin Queasar Basque y Burgos. Saint Justin a cikin birni na Teruel y Rabago, El Soplao en Cantabria. Harshen amber na Mutanen Espanya yana canzawa tsakanin 2 zuwa 2,5.
Daya daga cikin peculiarities na amber samu a cikin ma'adinai na Teruel, shine mafi yawansu an lullube su da tsummoki, kwari, kwari, gizo-gizo, kyanksosai da sauro. Ko da yake yana da wuya, an sami guntuwa tare da yanar gizo gizo-gizo. Wasu kuma suna da ragowar burbushin halittu da guntu na shuɗin amber mai ban sha'awa, wannan yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi girma a ƙasar.
Idan kun matsa zuwa ma'adinan da ke ciki Busa, za ku sami mafi girman adadin bayanai game da lokacin dinosaur. Wannan kogon, mai tsawon kilomita 3, ya baiwa kimiyya bayanai masu ma'ana kan sauyin yanayi na yadda yake tun kafin zamanin Dinosaur. Muna magana game da shekaru miliyan 111 da suka wuce, lokacin da yanayin wannan yanki ya yi zafi sosai.
Fitar da kasuwanci
Aikin fitar da wannan kayan lambu mai daraja ana yin shi da farko ta hanyoyi 2, na farko yana cikin budewa da kuma karkashin kasa. Adadin adibas ɗin yawanci ginshiƙai ne kuma suna buɗewa akan gangaren da aka ƙera. Masu hakar ma’adinan sun yi ƙoƙari su yi tonon sililin a kan gangaren har sai sun gano murfin gawayi na farko, inda suka sami kyakkyawan gem ɗin amber. Yawancin waɗannan ramukan ana yin su ta hanyar rarrafe.
En Jamhuriyar Dominican an samar da wani nau'in amber sakamakon bambancin nau'in hymenea, Halitta mara rai na faffadan gungu na wurare masu zafi na rukunin wake. Nau'in itatuwan da ake la'akari da shi a matsayin dangi yana a gabashin Afrika. Bugu da kari, ana kuma samun su a ciki Caribbeana cibiyar da kuma cikin Kudancin Amirka duk da haka wani dangi na wannan tsattsauran ra'ayi da aka sani da caro.
Wannan na ƙarshe zai yi aiki don kasuwancinsa yana la'akari da ƙayyadaddun sa da halayensa, wannan za a yi amfani da shi don yin tufafi masu daraja, wannan shine mahimmancin amfani da shi a halin yanzu. Kuna iya riga karantawa akan dutse onyx.
gudunmawa ga kimiyya
Wannan dutsen asalin tsiro ya ba da gudummawa sosai ga ilimin kimiyya, tun da waɗannan kasusuwa masu ban mamaki da ake samu a wurare daban-daban a duniya. Godiya ga waɗannan gyare-gyare, ƙwararrun sun sami damar sake ƙirƙirar wasu lokuta na yadda rayuwa ta kasance a duniyar biliyoyin shekaru da suka wuce. A wasu kalmomi, guntun amber ya ƙunshi kumfa na iska da ruwa, kayan halitta daga zamanin da kafin tarihi ko ragowar burbushin dabbobin da suka mutu.
Suna iya zama duka ƙasusuwansu kamar kwari ko sassan jiki kamar Jawo. Har ma an nuna cewa dutsen kayan lambu zai iya adana DNA da jajayen jini a cikin inganci mai kyau, yana ba da damar nazarin waɗannan dabbobi. Wani abu da ke ba da kyan gani ga wannan kyakkyawar guduro burbushin halittu.
amber iri
Kamar sauran, wannan dutse mai ban al'ajabi yana wakilta da manyan nau'ikan ban mamaki. Amber, kasancewar resin burbushin halittu, yana da nau'ikan iri guda 7 kuma a cikin wannan sashin mun yanke shawarar haɗa da amber na ƙarya. Muna fatan zai taimaka, don haka karantawa don ƙarin sani.
gedanite
Wanda aka sani da amber mai tsami, yana ɗaya daga cikin nau'in wannan dutse mai daraja, kodayake yana kunshe da ƙaramin adadin succinic acid. Yawanci nau'in amber ne da ba kasafai ba, don haka ba yawanci ana yin ciniki sosai ba, yana mamaye kashi 2 cikin dari na kasuwa. Daga cikin halayensu na jiki yawanci ana samun su tare da inuwar rawaya. Launukan sa yawanci wannan pastel rawaya ne saboda ƙarancin guduro tare da alli.
Gaskiyar ita ce, ba a gudanar da bincike da yawa a kan wannan nau'in amber ba, don haka kamanninsa ya dogara ne akan zato kawai. Abin da aka sani shi ne cewa genadite yana cikin mafi zurfin ajiyar lokacin Cretaceous, wato, wannan dutsen ya wuce shekaru miliyan ɗari.
simetite
Wannan shi ne wani daga cikin bambance-bambancen na amber dutse, an located a karon farko a cikin birnin Sicilia kusa da Catania y simeto, saboda wannan dalili yana ɗauke da wannan sunan. A cewar bincike da yawa, shekarun wannan nau'in amber ya kai kimanin shekaru miliyan 30, kasancewar ɗan ƙarami idan aka kwatanta da duwatsun da aka samu a cikin Tekun Baltic da kuma cikin Jamhuriyar Dominican
La simetite, Ya zo da za a yaba har yau a matsayin da rare iri-iri da kuma sosai coveted ga tonality da ya gabatar. To, galibi an same su da kyalli mai bluish. Duk da haka, a cikin shekaru da yawa ajiya na wannan kyakkyawan dutse ya zama kamar bacewa. Yana da yanzu samuwa a kan mu blog game da Safir.
Daga cikin halayensa na zahiri, ana iya ambata cewa yana da ƙarfi a cikin rarrabuwar ma'adinai na kusan 2.0 zuwa 2.5. Bugu da ƙari, yana da tsari mai tsabta wanda ya ƙunshi amorphous tare da daidaito na 1.05 zuwa 1.10. Daga cikin gabatarwar za ku iya samun iri-iri tare da farin pigmentation, launin ruwan kasa gauraye da ja, launi mai launi a cikin farantin farantin farantin karfe kuma tare da takamaiman halaye, kamar, alal misali, yana iya zama fashewa.
Birmite
Kamar yadda sunansa ya nuna, wannan kyakkyawan nau'in amber ya fito ne daga kudu maso gabashin Asiya, musamman daga Burma. A cikin garin kacin, akwai adibas iri-iri waɗanda aka hako muhimman guntu-guntu tare da burbushin kwaɗi waɗanda suka yi shekaru kusan miliyan 99, wato, sun kasance a zamanin Cretaceous. A wani guntun guntun, an gano kwarangwal da ba a tantance ba.
Romanian
Mafi yawan abin da za a iya cewa game da wannan nau'in shi ne cewa ya fito ne daga yankin Anadolu, inda za'a iya samun mutanen da suka kira shi. valchovite o retinasfalt. Hakanan guduro lokaci na uku wanda aka shirya ta mahaɗan kwayoyin halitta daban-daban.
cedarite
An fara samun ajiya na wannan kyakkyawan dutsen kayan lambu a ciki Canada, don zama daidai, a cikin kusancin Cedar Lake a Manitoba. Binciken da aka yi na wannan nau'in amber kwanan wata daga shekara ta 1893, duk da haka, an yi imanin cewa zamanin da ya zo daga kimanin shekaru 70 ko 80 da suka wuce, wanda ya sa ya kasance na zamanin Cretaceous. An riga an yi amfani da wannan dutse mai daraja daga kabilun ƴan asalin da ke zaune a kewayen wannan tafkin.
Burmite
Sassan da suka samo asali daga Main Khun, Tanai, kacina Burma. Akwai bayanin cewa wannan iri-iri na amber kwanakin daga zamanin Cretaceous kuma daya daga cikin abubuwan da ke tattare da shi shine cewa yana daya daga cikin mafi yawan kwari. Tun lokacin da yake cikin lokacin ruwa, yana kama mafi girman adadin kwari. Wannan kyakkyawan dutsen yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka ba da izinin nazarin nau'ikan da suka rigaya sun ɓace. Abin ban mamaki ne kawai.
Copal
Ana iya cewa wannan tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsaki ne tsakanin tsarin polymerization da taurin dutse kamar haka. Koyaya, ana ɗaukar wannan azaman nau'in amber iri-iri kuma a zamanin da an yi amfani da shi azaman aikin likitanci da na addini. Mesoamerica. Wannan shi ne saboda tururin da yake ɓoyewa lokacin da yake wucewa ta yanayin zafi mai zafi, wayewar da ta dade tana amfani da ita a matsayin haraji ga alloli.
An kuma yi amfani da ita azaman hanyoyin warkewa don cututtuka daban-daban na jiki da na ruhaniya. Har yanzu a wannan zamani na yanzu ana ba da waɗannan amfani, waɗanda suka zama ruwan dare a cikin magungunan gargajiya.
amber daga Lebanon
An danganta mafi tsufa yanki ga wannan nau'in tare da kimanin shekaru miliyan 130 wanda ya ƙunshi nau'ikan kwari daban-daban daga zamanin Cretaceous. Ana kuma kiran shi azaman Gabas ta Tsakiya Amber, Sunansa ya faru ne saboda a wannan ƙasa ne aka sami kogon farko mai wannan kyakkyawan dutsen kayan lambu a kusan shekara ta 1878. Fiye da nau'ikan nau'ikan kwari 9 an samo su a cikin abubuwan da ke tattare da su, duka na yanzu da na zamanin da.
amber karya
Kamar yadda a cikin abubuwa da yawa, ga wannan dutsen akwai kuma kwaikwayonsa, inda aka sayar da shi sosai kamar asali. Ana iya cewa jabun nau’in amber ne, inda aka yi shi da gilashi ko wasu nau’ikan robobi. Don sanin cewa wannan ƙarya ne, dole ne ku yi gwaje-gwajen da ba su da sauƙi, amma ba zai yiwu a sani ba. Ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyi masu sauƙi don gano cewa kana da amber na karya a hannunka shine nauyi.
Amber yayi nauyi kadan fiye da nau'in filastik, don haka idan kun sanya shi a cikin gilashin ruwan gishiri kuma ya nutse, karya ne. In ba haka ba zai kasance yana shawagi a saman ruwan. A daya bangaren kuma, an san cewa idan aka kona wannan resin kayan lambu yana fitar da warin turare, filastik ba ya yi. Wata hanya ita ce amfani da hasken ultraviolet, idan dutsen ya canza launi kuma yana da haske mai haske, gaskiya ne.
Hakazalika, za ku iya sanin dalilin da yasa masu sayar da dutse na karya suna ba su da kwari masu girma da yawa kuma a cikin kyakkyawan yanayi don ƙananan farashi. Abu daya da ya kamata a lura da shi shine ɗayan abubuwan da ke tattare da ɓarke na gaske shine suna baje kolin hawaye kusa da kwarangwal. Wannan yanayin yawanci yana da wahalar koyi.
Don guje wa samun ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan duwatsun na jabu, yana da kyau a saya a cikin shagunan da aka ba da izini ba a kantunan titi ba inda aka fi samun waɗannan jabun. Kuna iya sha'awar karanta labarin duwatsu masu tamani.
Muhimmancin dutse
Muhimmanci da sha'awar wannan kyakkyawan dutsen shuka shi ne cewa yana riƙe da wani yanayi mai ban mamaki. Don haka an yi imani da cewa daga wannan tsohuwar makamashi fara ilimin da aka samu daga yanayin uwa. An san Amber a matsayin mai ƙonewa, farin ciki, al'ada, mai kulawa da dutsen warkarwa, kula da ka watsar da duk wani kuzari da tunani mara kyau, da kuma kawar da mugun nufin wasu mutane zuwa gare ka.
Amber zai taimake ka ka yi aiki tuƙuru don tabbatar da cewa a matsayinka na mutum ka mai da hankali kan kuzari mai kyau kawai kuma ka kiyaye su a hanya mai kyau. Wannan abin al'ajabi ne mai ban sha'awa kuma mai ban sha'awa kuma ɗayan mafi ƙimar duk masu bi na kaddarorin kuzari waɗanda dutse amber ya mallaka. Zai guje wa duk wani damuwa da za ku iya jawowa ko sha daga mahallin ku, ko ta yaya wannan dutse zai iya cika ku da duk abin da ya dace kuma ku zauna lafiya.
Hakanan yana da halayen da zai iya kiyaye ku tare da kuzarin sararin samaniya. Zai iya kwantar da damuwa, damuwa da kiyaye ku da mafi kyawun kuzari. Zai shafe duk wani jin gajiya ta jiki da ta hankali, yana barin jin tsoro da damuwa a baya. Wani fa'ida shi ne cewa yana kawar da motsin zuciyarmu kuma yana daidaita abubuwan jin daɗi, yana sa ku daraja kowace rana ta rayuwar ku.
Bayan duk waɗannan fa'idodin da wannan dutse zai iya samu akan motsin zuciyar ku da tunanin ku, zai ba ku kuzarin hankali. To, ta hanyar mai da hankali kan abubuwa masu kyau, za ku fahimci yanayin da ke kewaye da ku don haka za ku iya yanke shawara mafi kyau kuma ku ci gaba a rayuwarku, barin duk abin da ke damun ku da jinkiri a baya. Tabbas wannan dutse ne da zai cika rayuwarka da sihiri.
amfani da amber
Kamar sauran ma'adanai masu yawa, wannan dutse yana da amfani daban-daban wanda zai ba ku daidaito mai kyau tsakanin tunani, jiki da ruhu. Jin daɗin kanmu yawanci shine fifiko a rayuwarmu, wanda shine dalilin da yasa watakila yakamata ku haɗa wannan dutsen kayan lambu mai daraja a rayuwar ku. Na gaba, za mu gaya muku duk amfanin da za ku iya ba da shi.
waraka da lafiya
Babban amfani da wannan dutse ake nema shi ne don warkarwa da kuma lafiyar jikinmu. Amber yana da yanayin lantarki wanda ke sarrafa tara cajin makamashi, yana mai da shi ingantaccen kayan aikin jiyya ga lafiya. Muhalli na fa'idar kaddarorin burbushin burbushin ya wanzu kuma an gane shi a lokacin wayewa daban-daban, an ce shekaru da yawa.
Amber a cikin kowane gabatarwa da bambance-bambancen za a iya amfani dashi don wannan dalili, tun da ya samo asali ne ta hanyar halitta, zai samar da mafi kyawun abubuwan gina jiki ga rayuwar ku. Ko daya daga cikin manyan tsofaffi ko ƙananan duwatsu, zai ba da fa'ida ga alamun mura, ciwon kai, mura, da sauran cututtuka. Ana iya amfani da shi har ma don hanzarta metabolism da kuma maganin alerji.
An san cewa yana da tasiri wajen magance cututtukan cututtuka na rheumatoid da rage jin zafi a cikin haɗin gwiwa da haɗin gwiwa. Har ma yana iya taimakawa wajen tsarkake jini, kawar da ciwon ciki da hanta, da rashin haihuwa.
Domin arziki da arziki
Wannan dutsen kayan lambu wani dutse ne mai ban sha'awa ta kowace fuska, idan yana taimakawa lafiya tabbas zai taimaka wajen samun kudin shiga da kuma jawo arziki. Wataƙila saboda waɗannan dalilai ne ya zama ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da ake nema a kasuwar ma'adinai. An yi imani da cewa don cika wannan haƙiƙa a hanya mafi kyau, ya kamata ku yi amfani da shi a cikin zinari mai launi, tun da zai wakilci kishi.
Zai shafe duk wani motsin rai na shakku ko rashin tsaro kuma ya cika ku da rawar tsoro da kuzari. Har ila yau, Amber zai kawo sa'a da nasara, zai cire cikas kuma za a tabbatar da cewa duk hanyoyi masu kyau sun zo gare ku. Zai sa ka sami ƙarancin tsoro kuma ka jajircewa akan abubuwan da kake son samu, don ɗaukar kasada da za su kusantar da kai ga sakamako mai gamsarwa.
Domin soyayya da relations
Yawancin lokaci yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi ƙarfi ga lamuran zuciya, saboda zai taimaka muku haɓaka juriya da fahimta ga wanda ya mallaki soyayyar ku. Zai taimake ku kada ku rasa haƙuri kawai, zai guje wa rashin jin daɗi da mummunan makamashi lokacin da girgizar wannan dutsen kayan lambu ke motsawa. Idan kai marar aure ne wannan shine dutse a gare ku.
Don kunna shi, kawai ku ɗauka a hannunku kuma kuyi zaman zuzzurfan tunani ko za ku iya kawai sanya shi kusa da ku yayin da kuke tunani game da abubuwan da kuke ji. Idan ba batun ku ba ne don neman abokin tarayya amma don rage ƙarfin duhu na sauran mutanen da ke kusa da ku, hakan zai taimaka muku kula da kanku da nisantar da su. Sanya amber na musamman ne wajen kawo zaman lafiya da tsabta da inganta dangantaka da yanayin ku.
Amber dutsen shuka ne wanda zai goyi bayan ku lokacin yin hadayun ku. Har ila yau girgizar ta zai taimake ka ka farfado da sha'awar a cikin dangantaka mai mutuwa. Ƙarfin ƙarfin dutsen kayan lambu zai cika sha'awar ku tare da mafi kyawun kuzari kuma ta wannan hanyar za ku iya yin farin ciki a lokuta masu sha'awa da kuma m tare da abokin tarayya.
Wannan burbushin an ce yana jawo soyayya ta gaskiya cikin rayuwar ku kuma sama da komai tare da mafi girman kwanciyar hankali, komai inda kuke a cikin dangantakar ku. Amber zai taimaka daidaita sauƙi kuma ya kawar da duk matsalolin da suka zo muku. Zai ba ku damar ƙauna da ƙauna kamar yadda kuke so.
Don rana zuwa rana
A cikin yin amfani da yau da kullum na wannan dutse mai daraja, dole ne a yi la'akari da cewa ya kamata ku tsaftace shi akai-akai. Musamman lokacin da kuka lura cewa sautin sa yana dushewa, saboda wannan shine saboda an fallasa shi ga kuzari mara kyau na dogon lokaci. Ki guji sanya dutsen kan zafi a kaikaice kuma ki yi kokarin kada ya bar shi ya mamaye rana na dadewa, saboda hakan zai sa ya yi karye ne kawai.
Kuna iya ba shi amfani da kayan ado a cikin dangin ku ko yanayin aiki kuma wannan zai ba ku tsaftace makamashi da tsaftace muhalli. Sauran mutane sukan yi amfani da shi azaman elixir har ma da turare.
Abubuwan ban mamaki game da dutse
Baya ga kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin ma'adanai waɗanda aka sani, yana da abubuwan ban sha'awa daban-daban waɗanda za mu gabatar muku a ƙasa.
- Amber dutse ne mai ban sha'awa wanda ya fito daga samfurin kwayoyin halitta kuma, kamar yadda muka ambata, ba ma'adinai ba daidai ba ne.
- Ya fito ne daga resin da aka kafa a cikin ɗimbin yawa na kusan shekaru miliyan 50. Kuma wasu gutsuttsura sun wanzu a cikin bishiyoyi har zuwa shekaru miliyan 130.
- Wannan burbushin burbushin ya yi matukar amfani ga kimiyya da kuma masana burbushin halittu albarkacin kananan kwari da suka rage a gidan yari.
- Amfanin amber don magani yana ɗaukaka zuwa prehistory. Yawancin abubuwan da ke tattare da magungunan a lokacin sun fito ne daga ma'adanai, dabbobi da ciyayi.
- Na musamman na magani dabara halitta ta Nicolaus Copernicus ne adam wata Ya ƙunshi potingues 22, daga cikinsu akwai amber.
- Girikawa da ake kira amber electron, sabodawanda ake cajin wutar lantarki idan aka shafa masa zane. Har ila yau, yana jawo ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta.
- Masanin falsafa haifaffen Dominican Albert the Great, wanda ya wanzu tsakanin shekarun 1193 zuwa 1280, ya sanya amber a matsayin mafi kyawun magani a cikin magunguna 6.
- Godiya ga Hippocrates, yayi la'akari da uban magani, yayi cikakken bayani game da halaye masu amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban na aikace-aikacen amber. Hanyoyin da masana kimiyya da masu bincike suka yi amfani da su daga baya har zuwa tsakiyar zamanai.
Mafi na kowa zodiac dutse
Wannan dutse yawanci yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan amfani ko mafi dacewa da yawancin alamun zodiac saboda ƙarfin ƙarfinsa da ƙarfin daɗaɗɗen. A cikin ciwon daji yawanci yana nuna zafi da hasken rana wanda wannan dutse yake wakilta. A cikin alamar Taurus, yana da kyau don fitar da girgizar halittar duniya da yanayi. Baya ga dacewa da waɗannan alamun, yana nuna mana cewa yana da alaƙa da kiyayewa.
Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da shi azaman ƙwalƙwalwa don jawo hankalin matasa na har abada, wannan dutse yana da ƙarfi sosai har ana amfani da shi don buɗe chakra ido na uku. Kawo a sakamakon clairvoyance, amincewa da daidaita yanayin tunani.
Amber, wanda aka yi la'akari da dutse mai daraja, an nannade shi cikin asirai, labarun da sama da duk mafi kyau da kuma tsohuwar kuzari na uwa duniya. Don haka kada ku yi tunani sosai game da shi kuma ku yi sha'awar samun naku. Idan kuna son wannan labarin, muna gayyatar ku don karanta game da dutsen wata.