Izibankwa ziyizilwane ezihuquzelayo akekho noyedwa ongazi ukuthi zikhona ngoba iningi lethu sike sizibone ngobuningi ezindaweni ezahlukene. Kulesi sihloko sizogxila ekukhulumeni ngokudla kwabo, ikhaya labo kanye nezici ezijwayelekile zomunye wabo uma kwenzeka ungenalo ulwazi oluningi ngale ndaba.
Ziyini izibankwa?
Okokuqala nje kufanele siqale ngencazelo yezibankwa kanjalo. Ziyizilwane ezihuquzelayo ezinezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinhlobo zezilwane, zingabomndeni wakwaLiolaemidae, ziyizilwane ezinegazi elibandayo, ngakho zihlale zifuna izindawo ezifudumele.
Izici ezijwayelekile
Ngokuvamile, zivame ukukala phakathi kuka-4 - 6 cm, umsila wazo uyisitho esikhulu kunazo zonke emzimbeni wazo, sifinyelela ku-10 cm ubude, ezinsikazi zincane uma ziqhathaniswa nabesilisa, imibala nayo iyahlukahluka ngokobulili besibankwa.
Abesilisa banombala ophuzi onamathoni aluhlaza emzimbeni, umbala oyisisekelo womzimba wesifazane umpunga ngezindawo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma eziluhlaza, amathoni ombala anamandla futhi agqama kakhulu emzimbeni wabesilisa uma kuqhathaniswa nabesifazane.
Ngokuya ngezinhlobo eziyiyo, izoba nezici zayo ezingavamile njengombala noma ubukhulu bomzimba wayo, iqiniso elimangalisayo ukuthi kungase kube nomehluko omkhulu futhi ophawuleka kakhulu phakathi kwezibankwa zohlobo olufanayo. Ososayensi bakuqinisekisile ukuthi uma isibankwa sikhulu, amathuba amaningi okuba nempilo ende. Izibankwa zinezinga elimangalisayo lokukwazi ukunqamula umsila wazo uma ziba sengozini nesilwane esizingelayo futhi zikwazi ukuyivuselela kabusha.
Habitat
Izibankwa zivame ukutholakala ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, zitholakala kalula ezindaweni ezinamatshe noma ezimangelengele, zingatholakala nasezindaweni ezihlukene zasemadolobheni noma ezinabantu abaningi, ngokuvamile ziphephela emifantwini noma ezimbotsheni ezincane ezindongeni ukuze zinakekele izilwane ezidla ezinye.
Enye indawo ezihlala kuyo izimfunda namahlathi, zigwema kakhulu izindawo ezinamazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu, ngakho-ke azivamile kakhulu ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zase-Europe, ezinye izibankwa zitholakala esimweni sezulu esishintshayo, kulezo zimo. bakhona Bacasha ezindaweni zabo zokukhosela nokudla kwabo kulinde izinga lokushisa elifudumele.
Ukuzala
Inqubo yokukhiqiza iqala ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila kwalezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo uma zingekho ezinkulu kakhulu, izibankwa ezinkulu zivame ukuvusa ucansi phakathi kweminyaka engu-2-3 ubudala, abesifazane yibo abathatha isinyathelo sokuqala , banayo. izindlala ezithuthukisa iphunga elithile eziheha ngalo ukunaka kweduna, amaduna ngezikhathi zokukhwelana ayakwazi ukuhamba amabanga amade, ikakhulukazi uma ebambe iphunga lezinsikazi.
Izinkathi zokukhwelana ziphakathi kwentwasahlobo - ihlobo, izinkathi zonyaka ezihlanganisa izinyanga zikaMashi noJuni, lokhu kungenxa yesimo sezulu esishisayo, uma kunesidingo abesilisa baphendukela kubudlova besebenzisa phakathi kwabo ukunquma ukuthi ubani ohlala nensikazi noma Ukuze babambe. ukunaka kwabo, i-dome yezibankwa ihlala isikhathi eside, ikwazi ukuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwehora.
Eyeduna nensikazi abakhi noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesibopho ngemva kwesenzo socansi, bobabili bathatha izindlela ezahlukene, iduna lizobuyela ekufuneni enye insikazi ukuze ihlangane futhi, kunalokho insikazi izofuna indawo yokuzalela amaqanda ayo. .
Amaqanda ajwayele ukubekwa ezindaweni ezinotshani, amadwala noma isihlabathi, insikazi iwashiya endaweni lapho iwabeka futhi ayiwanaki, amaqanda aphuka ngemva kwezinyanga ezi-3, abasha bangakwazi ukuzinakekela kulokho Kumayelana nokuphepha nokudla, njengoba bekwazi ukuzimela kusukela ekuqaleni, amaphuphu adla ukudla okufanayo nowomuntu omdala, kuphela amanani okudla angakudla ahlukayo, isabelo sawo sincane kakhulu kunesomdala.
Ukudla
Izibankwa zidla izinambuzane ezihlukahlukene nama-arachnids ezingawathola kalula ezindleleni zazo noma emakhaya ahlukene, isisekelo sokudla kwazo sakhiwe izintuthwane, amabhungane, izimpukane, amakhilikithi, izicabucabu, futhi ngokuvamile zidla izibungu kanye neminenke, kodwa ukudla kwazo kungaphezulu. Zivamile izintuthwane, izinambuzane akumele ziphile ngesikhathi zizidla, kungenjalo ngeke zizidle.
Izibankwa kumele zizingele ukudla kwazo, okuzenza izilwane ezidla ezinye, ziyizilwane ezihuquzelayo ezisheshayo futhi ezisebenzayo, ngakho-ke zisebenzisa ithuba lokuzingela ukuze zithuthukise ukusebenza kwazo kulo msebenzi futhi zilawule isisindo sazo, kuyabonakala kalula uma i-Lizard idlula. isisindo sayo ngoba isisu sayo sikhula ngendlela yokuthi uma ihamba igcine ngokuyihudula.
Ukondla izingane zemilingo
Ngokuphambene nalokho abaningi abavame ukucabanga ngakho, akuyinkimbinkimbi kunalokho okukholelwayo, ngoba njengoba bezalwa badla ukudla okufana nohlobo lwabo lapho sebekhulile futhi lokhu kubangelwa ukuthi kusukela bezalwa bayakwazi ukuzimela ngalokho abakwenzayo. funda kusukela emzuzwini wokuqala ukuzingela, okuvame ukuhluka ekudleni kwabo kwansuku zonke inani lokudla okudliwayo njengoba kuncane kakhulu futhi kukhule ngokugcwele ukuze bakwazi ukugwinya inyamazane ephelele, ngakho-ke badla kancane kancane baze bafinyelele ubudala bakhe.
Izinhlobo Zezibankwa
Kuya ngohlobo lwesibankwa, indawo esihlala kuyo kanye nezici zezinambuzane ezizidlayo zizohlukahluka, futhi kuzoncika ezidingweni zalowo nalowo kanye ne-morphology yomzimba waso, kunezinhlobo ezingu-4000 zezibankwa emhlabeni, ngezansi, ukwethula izinhlobo zezibankwa eziyinhloko nezivame kakhulu, ngalokhu sizochaza izici ezibonakalayo, indawo yokuhlala kanye nokudla kwazo zonke ngokwendawo yazo.
isibankwa esivamile
Ezaziwa nangokuthi i-Iberian lizard, zivame ukukala phakathi kuka-4 - 6 cm, isikhumba sazo siqukethe amazenga, imibala yazo ivamise ukuluhlaza okumnyama, iqolo, intamo nekhanda kugqama njengoba zinamathoni abomvu. Ukuma kwekhanda layo kufana nonxantathu, umsila wayo unobude obungu-10 cm namazinyo aqondile. Ukudla kwabo kusekelwe kakhulu ezintuthwaneni, izikelemu, izicabucabu nezimpukane.
I-Tropical House Gecko
Lolu hlobo lwesibankwa lungaba ngu-14 cm ngaphandle kokubala ubude bomsila, lunamehlo amakhulu olukwazi ukubona ngawo ebusuku, lolu hlobo luhamba ebusuku ngakho-ke imisebenzi yalo ivame ukuba ngalezo zikhathi.
Zitholakala ezwenikazi laseMelika, zihamba zisuka enyakatho ziye eningizimu, zisuka e-United States ziye e-Argentina, kodwa empeleni imvelaphi yalolu hlobo itholakala e-Afrika, ngakho-ke kungabhekwa njengekhaya labo langempela.
Lolu hlobo luhamba phakathi kwezindonga, ukwakhiwa kanye nezindonga zezindawo zasemadolobheni, ukuthuthukiswa kwemilenze yayo kuvumela ngokukhululeka okukhulu. Ngakho izinambuzane ezitholakala kakhulu kumenyu yazo izimpukane, amaphela, izicabucabu namabhu, ngokuvamile izinambuzane ezivame ukutholakala endaweni yabantu.
I-Batueca Lizard
Kokubili umzimba wayo nomsila wayo kuvame ukukala u-6 cm, isikhumba sayo sinsundu, kodwa singahlukahluka sibe mpunga noma sibe luhlaza, isisu seduna siba lula kakhulu ngezikhathi zokuzalanisa. Zitholakala ezindaweni eziphakeme ezintabeni zaseSpain, ukudla kwazo kusekelwe izicabucabu nezintuthwane, okuye kwaba yinto evamile kakhulu mayelana nezinambuzane ezitholakalayo zokudla.
Cinderella Lizard
Kuyisilwane esihuquzelayo esincane kakhulu ngobukhulu, sifinyelela ku-5 cm, kulokhu abesifazane bakhulu kancane kunabesilisa, izindawo ezihlukahlukene zomzimba wabo zinesikhumba esinesikhumba, ikakhulukazi emaceleni nangemuva komzimba waso, umbala waso ezimpunga, zinemigqa emi-4 eluhlaza ngokukhanyayo noma ephuzi emhlane wazo.
Titfolwa etindzaweni letinematje, tindzawo letigcwele titjalo, emahlatsini nje jikelele etindzaweni letomile kakhulu letitfolakala eningizimu ye France kanye nenyakatfo ye Afrika.
Ezindaweni ezihlala kuzo kugcwele amabhungane, izintethe, izimbungulu, izicabucabu nezinambuzane ezinhlobonhlobo ezindizayo, okuvamise ukuba ukudla okuthandwa kakhulu yizinsikazi njengoba zithanda ukuzingela kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa namaduna athanda ukudla izinambuzane ezincane kakhulu njengezintuthwane.
I-Agile Lizard
Zitholakala enkabeni yeYurophu nasentshonalanga ye-Asia, engxenyeni emaphakathi futhi nasenyakatho, amakhaya azo ngokuvamile asungulwa ezindaweni ezinesihlabathi noma emahlathini lapho angathola khona ukukhanya kwelanga, ngenkathi yasebusika ahlala ngaphansi komhlaba kuze kuphakame izinga lokushisa.
Ukuqina kwayo nokuqina komzimba kuyamangalisa, imibala yayo ihluka phakathi kokumpunga nokumnyama okumpunga okunsundu, ineziyingi eziluhlaza ezihlukahlukene ezindaweni ezahlukene zomzimba wayo. Ukudla kwabo kwansuku zonke kusekelwe kuma-cicadas, amabhungane kanye nama-arachnids ambalwa.
Isibankwa esinomsila obomvu
Ubukhulu bayo bungafinyelela ku-23 cm ubude, amehlo ayo agqamile njengoba emakhulu kakhulu uma eqhathaniswa nawo wonke umzimba wayo. Nokho, akungabazeki ukuthi okukhanga kakhulu umsila wayo obomvu ovuthayo noqinile, okuyisici eyaziwa ngawo. Iziphetho zomzimba wakhe zime kahle njengoba ziqukethe amandla amaningi.
Bahlala ezindaweni lapho isihlabathi sigcwele khona futhi izitshalo noma uhlaza luncane kakhulu, yingakho zivame kakhulu eNyakatho Afrika. Idla izinhlobonhlobo zezinambuzane ezinjengamabhu nezicabucabu, kodwa ibuye ibhekwe ukuthi idla kanjani izibankwa ezincane noma inzalo yezinye izinhlobo zezibankwa eziseduze kwayo.
i-viviparous lizard
Ubukhulu balolu hlobo buyi-12 cm, lokhu ngaphandle kokubala ubude bomsila wona ngokwawo ulinganisa phakathi kuka-15-20 cm, amaphethelo omzimba wawo mfushane futhi ukuma kwekhanda lawo kuyindilinga kakhulu, imibala yalolu hlobo. ingahluka kuye nge-specimen, imibala yayo ihluka phakathi kokumpunga, okumnyama kanye namanye ama-shades aluhlaza.
Zitholakala enkabeni yeYurophu, emahlathini asezintabeni, zizungezwe izitshalo ezizivikela ekukhanyeni kwelanga futhi eziqukethe amanzi anele ukuze zihlale. Ngokuvamile zidla izinambuzane ezindizayo, ama-mealybug kanye nezicabucabu.
Isibankwa se-Bocage
Eyaziwa nangokuthi isibankwa saseGalician, ubukhulu obujwayelekile balolu hlobo buyi-20 cm, umbala womzimba wayo unombala ompunga onamathoni aluhlaza okotshani kuyilapho isisu saso siphuzi ngokuphaphathekile, umbala wengemuva lesikhumba saso uyashintsha kuye ngokuthi isizini noma isizini ngonyaka, isikhumba sayo sakhiwe amazenga.
Inani elikhulu labantu bakhona liseSpain, indawo yayo yokuhlala yakhiwe indawo emagebhugebhu namadwala enohlaza oluncane. Lesi sibankwa sincamela ukudla izinambuzane zasemhlabeni njengamabhungane noma ama-arachnids, ngakho-ke azizingeli izinambuzane ezindizayo noma izinambuzane ezincane, zincamela ukubheka inyamazane enkulu, okungaba nzima kuzona ngoba aziningi ngendlela ezingathanda ngayo.
isibankwa sasebusuku
Njengoba iphawuleka ngombala omnyama oshubile, inamachashaza aphuzi atholakala ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zomzimba wayo, angaba amasentimitha angu-13. Iqiniso elimangalisayo ukuthi zinamandla okuzala ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuhlangana nendoda. Atholakala ukusuka ePanama kuya eningizimu yeMexico ezindaweni ezishisayo ezinezulu elinezimvula futhi angadla noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesinambuzane eziluthola eduze kwazo.
I-Gecko Lizard
Kokubili umzimba wayo nomsila wayo ungakala ukusuka ku-7 kuya ku-14 cm ubude, amehlo ayo agqamile ngenxa yobukhulu bawo futhi ngenxa yokuthi awanawo amajwabu amehlo, ahlala evuleke kakhulu, umbala womzimba wayo ungahluka ngemibala ensundu. ifinyelela ekubeni nsundu ngezindawo ezihlukahlukene ezivame ukuba mnyama futhi ibelula kunezinye, ingahamba ezindaweni ikwazi ukukhuphuka ophahleni ngaphandle kokukwazi ukuwa, lokhu kungenxa yokuma kwemilenze yayo eneminwe emi-5.
Itholakala eNhlonhlweni Yase-Iberia futhi ngokuvamile itholakala ezindaweni ezihlala abantu, ngakho kuvamile phakathi kwethu ukuyibona ezindongeni, emifantwini nasemanxiweni, nakuba ingase ibonakale naseziqwini zezihlahla noma ezindaweni lapho amadwala egcwele khona. . Izinambuzane ezivame ukuzidla izintuthwane, izintethe, onyendle nezimpukane, zizobheka ezinkulukazi, kubalulekile ukuthi zibe seduze nendawo enamanzi amaningi.
isibankwa esiluhlaza
Yaziwa nangokuthi yi-teyu. Umzimba wayo uwodwa ungakala u-13 cm kanti ngomsila wayo ukwazi ukufinyelela ku-40 centimeters, abesilisa bayakwazi ukukala lobu bude kwazise ezinsikazi zincane ngokwesilinganiso, imibala yazo igqame kakhulu kwabesilisa kunabesifazane. Angatholakala e-Argentina, eBolivia naseParaguay futhi ukudla kwawo kusekelwe kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesinambuzane ezingasithola. Zinamazinyo aseceleni futhi zineminwe emi-4.
Njengoba sekubonile, zonke izinhlobo zezibankwa zifana ngohlobo lokudla ngokujwayelekile kanye nohlobo lwesimo sezulu ezivame ukulifuna, kodwa njengoba sekuphawuliwe, lokhu kuyashintshashintsha ngenxa yendawo yazo kanye nokuba khona kwazo ukunikeza ukudla. eyodwa, ngakho uhlobo lwezinambuzane ezidliwayo lungahlukahluka ngezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, izici ezenza indawo ezungezile ilufanelekele nokuthi ubuciko baso obungokomzimba bubenza kanjani umzingeli ongcono kuye ngezinhlobo zaso.
Ungashiyi ngaphandle kokufunda lezi zihloko ezilandelayo: