Ngokuqinisekile uke wezwa igama elithi "Nirvana" ngezikhathi ezithile, noma mhlawumbe lizwakala njengeqembu elidumile eliholwa nguKurt Cobain. Kodwa ingabe uyazi ukuthi iyini ngempela iNirvana? Kungumqondo oyinhloko eBuddhism, ebhekisela esimweni sokuthula okuphelele, ukuzola nenjabulo, lapho ukukhanyiselwa kufinyelelwe futhi isimo sangempela sokuphila siye saqondwa ngokugcwele.
Kulesi sihloko Sizochaza incazelo yeNirvana, ukuthi ifinyelelwa kanjani nokuthi ingaba nomthelela kanjani ezimpilweni zethu. Ngokuqonda okujulile kwalo mqondo, sizokwazi ukufunda ukuthi singaphila kanjani ngokunenjongo futhi sifinyelele isimo sokuthula nokuthula ezimpilweni zethu. Ngithemba ukuthi lesi sihloko uzosithola sinentshisekelo.
UbuBuddha
Ngaphambi kokuchaza ukuthi i-nirvana iyini, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi lo mqondo uyingxenye ye UbuBuddha. Kodwa iyini ngempela le nkolo? Ihlanganisani? Nokho, ubuBuddha buyinkambiso yenkolo nefilosofi evela eNdiya esekelwe emfundisweni kaGautama Buddha. Umgomo oyinhloko weBuddhism ukuzuza inkululeko ekuhluphekeni (Nirvana) kanye nokuqonda isimo sangempela sobukhona.
UbuBuddha buhlukaniswe izikole eziningana kanye nemisinga, kodwa bonke babelana ngezimiso ezithile ezibalulekile:
- Amaqiniso Amane Abalulekile: Ukuphila komuntu kuwukuhlupheka, ukuhlupheka kunesizathu, kungenzeka ukuqeda ukuhlupheka, futhi ikhona indlela yokukwenza.
- I-Noble Eightfold Path: Indlela eya ekukhululweni ekuhluphekeni ehlanganisa ukuqonda okulungile, inhloso efanele, inkulumo efanele, isenzo esifanele, indawo yokuhlala efanele, umzamo olungile, ukucabangela okulungile, nokuzindla okulungile.
- Ukubaluleka kwe umkhuba ongokomoya nokuzindla ukuzuza ukukhanyiselwa kanye neNirvana.
- Ukubaluleka kwe uzwelo nomusa ukuzuza inkululeko ekuhluphekeni.
- Ukubaluleka kwe gwema ukulimaza abanye futhi wenze ngobuqotho.
UbuBuddha bubuye bufundise ukubaluleka kokubonisa ububele nomusa, ukubaluleka kokugwema ukulimaza abanye, nokwenza ngobuqotho. Kuyisiko elingakholelwa kuNkulunkulu futhi alidingi ukukholelwa kumuntu ophakeme, kodwa kweminye imisinga imikhuba yokukhonza kanye nezinkolo zama-bodhisattvas nezinye izidalwa ezikhanyisiwe zingatholakala.
Iyini i-Nirvana futhi ufika kanjani lapho?
Sesivele sehlile ngaphambi kokuthi iNirvana iwumqondo oyisisekelo eBuddhism. Kubhekiselwa ekukhululweni ekuhluphekeni nasekukhululweni emjikelezweni wokuzalwa kabusha, eyaziwa ngokuthi samsara. Kuyisimo sokuthula okuphelele, ukuzola nenjabulo, lapho ukukhanyiseleka kuzuzwe khona futhi isimo sangempela sobukhona sesiqondwe ngokugcwele. Kuyisimo sokugcina ukuthi zonke izidalwa zingafinyelela ngokusebenzisa umkhuba ongokomoya kanye nokususwa kwezimbangela zokuhlupheka.
I-Nirvana ibhekisela futhi esimweni sengqondo somuntu oye wazuza ukukhanyiselwa, isimo sokuphelela, ukukhululeka okuphelele, nenjabulo yaphakade. EbuBuddha, kukholelwa ukuthi indlela eya eNirvana ifinyelelwa ngomkhuba ongokomoya nokususwa kwezimbangela zokuhlupheka. Le ndlela yaziwa ngokuthi "indlela enhle ephindwe kasishiyagalombili" futhi ihlanganisa izinqubo ezilandelayo:
- Ukuqonda okulungile: Qonda ubunjalo beqiniso bokuba khona kanye nokubaluleka kokufinyelela eNirvana.
- inhloso efanele: Hlakulela inhloso yokufinyelela i-Nirvana futhi ukhulule abanye ekuhluphekeni.
- inkulumo efanele: Khuluma iqiniso hhayi kabi.
- Isenzo esilungile: Yenza ngendlela elungile nengenabungozi.
- Indlela yokuziphilisa efanele: Phila ngokwethembeka nangobuqotho.
- Umzamo olungile: Lwela ukulandela indlela efanele futhi uqede izimbangela zokuhlupheka.
- ukunaka okulungile: Gxila endleleni eya eNirvana futhi ungaphazanyiswa injabulo yezwe.
- ukuzindla okulungile: Zindla ukuze uzuze ukukhanyiselwa kanye ne-Nirvana.
Ukuzijwayeza lezi zindlela eziyisishiyagalombili kuzosiza abantu ukuba bahlanze ingqondo yabo, baqede izimbangela zokuhlupheka kanye ukuzuza ukukhanyiselwa kanye ne-Nirvana.
Ubani ofika eNirvana?
Njengoba sesishilo ngenhla, kuBuddhism Noma yisiphi isidalwa singafinyelela eNirvana ngomkhuba ongokomoya kanye nokuqedwa kwezimbangela zokuhlupheka. I-Nirvana ayiyona indawo ebonakalayo noma isimo, kodwa isimo sengqondo nokuqonda okuphelele kwemvelo yangempela yobukhona. Lapho isidalwa sifika eNirvana, siyakhululwa emjikelezweni wokuzalwa kabusha (i-samsara) futhi sikhululwe ekuhluphekeni.
Nokho, kubalulekile ukubalula ukuthi ukufinyelela Nirvana Kuyinqubo engathatha isikhathi esiningi sokuphila. kanye neminyaka eminingi yokuzijwayeza ngokomoya nokuzikhandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akuzona zonke izidalwa ezinamakhono noma izimo ezifanayo ukuze zifinyelele eNirvana, kodwa zonke zinethuba lokwenza kanjalo.
Manje njengoba sesiyazi ukuthi iNirvana iyini, asinakuphika ukuthi iwumqondo omuhle ngempela ongasisiza usuku nosuku, ngisho nangaphandle kokuba amaBuddha aqinile.