I-United States Statue of Liberty iyisithonjana., ngaphezu kokubhekwa njengengcebo yesizwe. Ingenye yezithombe ezihlonishwa kakhulu emhlabeni futhi minyaka yonke abantu abangaphezu kwe-4.000.000 babonga ubukhulu balolu phawu lwenkululeko, ugqozi kanye nethemba.
Uma ufuna ukwazi kabanzi mayelana umlando kanye nemvelaphi yeSifanekiso Senkululeko kusuka eNew York, sizobe sesikutshela ngakho.
Ithini indaba ngeStatue of Liberty?
Ngo-1865 amaFulentshi U-Auguste Bartholdi wayenombono wokwenza isipho kubantu base-United States evela eFrance. Lo mculi ubengumsekeli oshisekayo we-United States futhi wayefuna ukukhumbula iminyaka eyikhulu ye-Declaration of Independence..
Ngaleyo minyaka kunobungani obuqinile phakathi kwala mazwe womabili futhi washukunyiswa ukuqedwa kobugqila kwakamuva e-United States. Leli qiniso liyakhuthaza imibono yenkululeko kanye nokulingana phakathi kwazo zonke izakhamuzi evela e-United States. Umklamo wesifanekiso wawuqukethe izimpawu eziningi njengoba ubona.
I-Statue of Liberty yaxhaswa kanjani ngezimali?
Izimali zaqoqwa futhi iminikelo eminingi yangasese yenziwa ukuze uqale ukudala iSifanekiso Senkululeko eFrance. AmaFulentshi ayezoxhasa ngezimali wonke umfanekiso oqoshiwe, kuyilapho abantu baseMelika bezoxhasa ngezimali isisekelo esimi kuso namuhla eLiberty Island.
Ukuthola imali, amaFulentshi asebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene zokukhulisa imali, isibonelo: inhlangano yemicimbi yomphakathi ehlukene, ilotho noma iminikelo yemali yangasese evela kwabanye osomabhizinisi baseFrance. AbaseMelika bona ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuze baxhase lesi sikhungo, babambe imicimbi ehlukahlukene yezinhlangano ezisiza umphakathi kanye nemibukiso yobuciko.
Naphezu kwayo yonke imizamo eyenziwa yizizwe zombili, ukuqoqa imali eyanele yokwakha isisekelo kwakuhamba kancane. Ngo-1885 uJoseph Pulitzer wanquma ukushicilela isikhangiso ephephandabeni lakhe laseNew York, lapho amema khona bonke abafundi bakhe ukuba benze iminikelo ngenxa yalokho. Ekugcineni, cishe ama-dollar ayi-100.000 akhushuliwe futhi ngenxa yalo mbono omuhle isisekelo sesithombe sakhiwe.
Ukwakhiwa kwesithombe saseFrance kwaqedwa ngoJulayi 1884. Lesi sithombe esiqoshiwe esikhulu sasimi ophahleni lwendlu yaseParis silindele uhambo lwaso lolwandle.
Ngawo lowo nyaka umklami uRichard Morris wakhethwa, phakathi kwabanye abaklami bezakhiwo abaningi bangaleso sikhathi, ukuba aklame isisekelo segwadle esibaziwe esikhulukazi.
Uhambo lweSifanekiso Senkululeko
Ukuhlela uhambo lwe-transatlantic lweSifanekiso Senkululeko, i-grande dame yehliswa yaba izingcezu ezingama-350 futhi yapakishwa emabhokisini angaphezu kuka-200.
Umkhumbi wasuka eFrance futhi wafika eNew York Harbour ngoJuni 17, 1885. Lesi sithombe sahlala siyizicucu kwaze kwaba yilapho umsebenzi wokusekela uqedwa ngo-April 1886.
Umlando weSifanekiso Senkululeko kanye nesiqhingi saso kube yizinguquko eziqhubekayo. Emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka lesi siqhingi sasibalulekile njengoba sasihlala abomdabu baseNdiya futhi kamuva sathathwa izifiki ezingamaDashi. Ngo-1807, ibutho laseMelika lathola indawo yezempi esiqhingini futhi lakha inqaba yokuvikela ichweba laseNew York. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukudalwa kweSitatimende Senkululeko kuwuphawu lwesiqhingi, njengoba izenzakalo eziningi zomlando zenzeke kuso.
Ithoshi
Umdwebi waseFrance ucabange ukuthi ithoshi akufanele libaswe ngomlilo, njengoba lokhu kungenza isifanekiso sibe sengozini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yokugqwala okungabangelwa umlilo ezintweni zokuqala.
Ngakho-ke, esikhundleni salokho Kufakwe ishidi lethusi elinombala wegolide eliqinile ukuze likhanye emini. Phakathi nengxenye yokuqala yekhulu leminyaka ithoshi lenziwe izinguquko eziningi. Eqinisweni, lapho iLady Liberty yembulwa ngo-1886, imigqa emibili yama-portholes yasikwa ethusi ngaphansi kwethoshi, ukuze ikhanyise ngaphandle nangaphakathi.
Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, ibhande lengilazi elingama-intshi angu-18 lathatha indawo yomugqa ophezulu wama-portholes kanye isibhakabhaka esiyipyramidal esinengilazi ebomvu, emhlophe nephuzi yafakwa phezu kwelangabi.
Izinguquko zaqhubeka kwaze kwaba ngo-1916 lapho ithusi liqedwa ngokuphelele futhi esikhundleni salo kwafakwa ingilazi enombala wenhlaka.
Ngo-1931 kwafakwa uhlelo olusha lokukhanyisa, okwakudinga ukwakhiwa kwezimbobo ezimbili engxenyeni yethoshi, okwathi ngayo kwafakwa ama-projektha amaningana alingisa ilangabi.
Ngenxa yokugeleza kwemvula nokugqwala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, Ngo-July 4, 1984, ingxenye yethoshi lokuqala yathathelwa indawo umfuziselo.
Yimaphi amanye amaqiniso ajabulisayo owaziyo ngeSifanekiso Senkululeko eNew York?