Ingabe amaphaneli e-photovoltaic namaphaneli elanga ayafana? Uma kwabaningi umbuzo ungase ubonakale ungelutho, kwabanye, ngoba "hhayi ochwepheshe", impendulo ayibonakali kangako.
Amapaneli elanga amaphaneli ezishisayo kanye photovoltaic ziyizixazululo ezimbili ezisiza ukwenza amakhaya ethu abe ngaphezulu Iyahlonipha imvelo. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi esiningi, lezi zinhlelo ezimbili ziyashintshana lapho sikhuluma ngamandla, futhi lokho kungenxa yokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwazo akucaci kahle. Kulesi sihloko sikhanyisela ngendaba futhi sichaze izinzuzo ukuwafaka ezindlini.
Ake sikhulume ngokujwayelekile mayelana namaphaneli e-photovoltaic kanye ne-solar thermal
Leli gama "iphaneli yelanga" Kuyitemu "elijwayelekile". Ngokuthi “solar” sisho ubuchwepheshe obusebenzisa ilanga ukuze kutholwe amandla. Igama "elijwayelekile" elingafaka, emizweni evamile, kokubili amaphaneli e-photovoltaic namaphaneli ashisayo elanga.
Amandla, njengoba siwasebenzisa emisebenzini yethu yomphakathi, angaba yizinhlobo ezimbili: amandla okushisayo y ugesi. Esimweni sokuqala kumane nje ikhalori: ukushisa okusetshenziselwa ukushisisa amanzi ashisayo asekhaya noma ukondla isistimu yokushisisa. Okwesibili, ugesi esiwusebenzisa nsuku zonke ezindlini zethu.
Kaningi igama elithi "solar panel" lisho "iphaneli yelanga eshisayo", okungukuthi, iphaneli esebenzisa ukushisa kwelanga ukukhiqiza amanzi ashisayo.
amandla ahlanzekile futhi ashibhile
Amapaneli elanga bakhiqiza amandla ahlanzekile futhi banciphise ukuthembela kwethu entengo yezinto zokusetshenziswa zendabuko, bandise inani lendlu futhi behlise izikweletu.
khetha phakathi kuka-a Iphaneli yelanga ye-photovoltaic noma a iphaneli yokushisa yelanga akulula njalo. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi lobu buchwepheshe busebenza kanjani nokuthi buhluke kanjani.
Ayini ama-solar panel futhi kungani uwafakela?
Namuhla kunemisebenzi eminingi yansuku zonke ebangela ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu kumthethosivivinywa: izimoto zikagesi, ama-induction hobs, ama-boilers, imishini yokuwasha emahoreni ahlukahlukene kakhulu osuku.. Lama-solar panel Ziyizinto zobuchwepheshe ezikwazi ukuguqula amandla elanga abe ugesi noma amanzi ashisayo asekhaya. , kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke bahlinzeka ngosizo oluphathekayo lokonga amandla.
Umehluko phakathi kwamaphaneli e-photovoltaic kanye ne-solar thermal
Ngaphambi kokuthi siqale ukukhuluma ngokwahlukana, ake siqale ngezinto ezivamile. Lawo maphuzu asenza sisebenzise amagama amabili ukubhekisela ohlotsheni lwamandla empeleni olunomehluko othile phakathi kwethu, singasho ukuthi zombili izinhlelo eyenziwe ngama-solar panel (ngisho noma behlukene komunye nomunye). Kokubili omunye nomunye, ngokuvamile faka ophahleni zezindlu. Amaphaneli e-photovoltaic kanye ne-solar thermal asebenzisa amandla elanga ukusebenza. Futhi ekugcineni, phakathi kokufana, singagqamisa ukuthi akekho kubo ikhiqiza ukungcola okuyingozi Okwemvelo.
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalokhu okubili ukuthi amandla athathwe ilanga asetshenziswa kanjani:
- Amaphaneli izingibe ezishisayo sebenzisa imisebe yelanga ukuze khiqiza ukushisa, okungukuthi, amandla ashisayo okukhiqizwa kwamanzi ashisayo.
- Amaphaneli elaboy sebenzisa amandla elanga ukuze khiqiza ugesi.
Okulandelayo sizobona ukuthi zisebenza kanjani ngokuningiliziwe okwengeziwe.
Amapaneli we-Photovoltaic
Amaphaneli e-Photovoltaic akhiwe ngamamojula amaningana ahlanganiswe ndawonye amaseli e-silicon photovoltaic ngaphakathi eziguqula ukukhanya kube amandla. Ngokuvamile zibekwe engxenyeni yophahla evumela ukuthi usebenzise kakhulu imisebe yelanga emini, ngokuvamile eningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga, ngokuthambekela kwe-30-35 °. Kokubili ukuthambekela kanye nokuma kwenzelwe ukusebenzisa amandla elanga ngokugcwele.
Kodwa le nqubo isebenza kanjani? Imisebe yelanga ibanjwa ngamaphaneli ukuthi khiqiza low voltage ugesi okuqhubekayo. Ukuze usebenzise la mandla, abaguquli lokho guqula amandla abe ngu-220 volts ukuze sisetshenziswe ezindlini zethu.
Imojula ye-photovoltaic iyithuluzi elinjalo khiqiza okwamanje, ivumela ukuguqula amandla elanga kugesi ngenxa yomphumela we-photovoltaic. I iphaneli ye-photovoltaic ikhiqiza ugesi okufanele usetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza noma uhlakazwa ngenye indlela. Ukugwema ukuhlakazeka kunezindlela ezimbili:
- Ugesi ufakwa kugridi bese uyasetshenziswa uma kudingeka,
- amandla kagesi agcinwa kumabhethri futhi aphinde asetshenziswe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ingabe kuyadingeka ukugcwalisa uphahla ngamaphaneli we-photovoltaic?
Ubukhulu bephaneli yelanga bungahluka kuye ngenani lamandla esifuna ukuwakhiqiza, amaphaneli ambalwa anele izidingo zendlu, kodwa uma sihlela ukusizakala ngamandla elanga ukuze sinikeze ugesi kuyo yonke inkampani, okunjalo njengalezo ezisetshenziswa namuhla emini ezimbonini eziningi, kuzodingeka eziningi ezengeziwe.
Akukho mkhawulo enanini lamaphaneli e-photovoltaic esingafaka isicelo ophahleni, ngaphandle uma kunemingcele yesakhiwo endlini, ikakhulukazi uma sihlela futhi ukufaka ibhethri eligcina amandla. Eqinisweni, amaphaneli amaningi e-photovoltaic anethuba lokuhlanganisa ibhethri elivumela amandla akhiqizwayo ukuthi agcinwe ukuze asetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo, isibonelo, ntambama noma ngezinsuku ezinamafu. Uma ibhethri ligcwele, uma iphaneli ikhiqiza ngokweqile, kungenzeka futhi beka amandla kukhiqizwa kunethiwekhi, ngale ndlela singakwazi ukunqoba ngamandla esiwakhiqizayo.
amaphaneli elanga ashisayo
Amapaneli elanga ezishisayo zifana kakhulu ne-photovoltaic kodwa ziwela amapayipi aqukethe amanzi. Imisebe yelanga ishisa amanzi abese eqoqwa ukuze asetshenziselwe ukusetshenziswa nsuku zonke noma ukufudumeza. Ngokungafani namaphaneli e-photovoltaic, ama-solar panel ashisayo anjalo eyakhiwe ngensimbi (njenge-aluminium, ithusi, insimbi) kanye nengilazi.
Ama-solar panel, noma "ama-solar panels" angama-panel, abekwe ophahleni lwendlu, asebenzise ukushisa kwelanga ukuze akhiqize amanzi ashisayo. Isistimu yelanga, ngokungafani nesistimu ye-photovoltaic, iyisistimu "ye-hydraulic" esebenzisa i- uketshezi lokudlulisa ukushisa . Lolu ketshezi, olushiswa kumaphaneli ngenxa yokushisa kwelanga, luthwala ukushisa luye ku-a i-accumulator. Singacabanga le accumulator "njenge-boiler" ethola amanzi abandayo "ongenayo" futhi ibuyisela amanzi ashisayo "ephumayo", ngezinga lokushisa olifunayo. Kule accumulator "i-thermal exchange" iyenzeka: amanzi abandayo avela kunethiwekhi afudumala ngenxa yokushisa okuthuthwa uketshezi lokudlulisa ukushisa okuvela kuma-solar panel.
Izingxenye zephaneli yelanga eshisayo
Yonke into ihlanganiswe ne-gas noma i-boiler kagesi ekwazi ukushisa amanzi lapho ukushisa okukhiqizwa ama-solar panel akwanele. Umphumela wokonga amandla uthakazelisa kakhulu.
Kafushane, izingxenye ezihlukene ezakha isimiso sokushisa kwelanga yizi: umqoqi welanga, i-accumulator, i-generator yokuhlanganisa (ipompo yokushisa noma i-boiler condensing) kanye neyunithi yokulawula.
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamaphaneli ashisayo elanga:
- ukuqoqwa okuqondile kwesistimu yokushisa yelanga eyakhiwe ithangi kanye nephaneli ebekwe endaweni echayeke ngokukhethekile ekukhanyeni kwelanga;
- ukujikeleza ngenkani uhlelo olushisayo lwelanga lapho ukunqwabelana kwamanzi ashisayo kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo;
- uhlelo olushisayo lwelanga ngokujikeleza kwemvelo lapho ukujikeleza koketshezi olushisayo nabandayo kwenzeka ngokwemvelo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-thermal panel has Izinzuzo eziningi, eyokuqala okuyikhona okungenzeka ukuthi vala u-70-80% wesidingo samanzi ashisayo ekhaya.
Nalu uhlu lwezibalulekile izinzuzo ze-photovoltaic kanye namaphaneli ashisayo elanga Uma kwenzeka ucabanga ukufaka ngisho nesisodwa sezixazululo ezimbili ekhaya lakho.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zokuba ne-photovoltaic noma ama-solar panels ashisayo ekhaya?
Izinzuzo zokufaka lezi zinhlelo ezimbili ziningi futhi zisukela kuzizathu ezomnotho ngisho nezizathu izimiso zemvelo:
- ukunciphisa izindleko ze-invoyisi, ukuthi manje seziyabiza kakhulu;
- ukufakwa kwentela ebanjwayo amaphaneli e-photovoltaic aze afike ku-60% nama-solar panels ashisayo afika ku-50%;
- umthelela ophansi kwezemvelo, ama-solar panel ayisinqumo sokuziphatha ngoba asekelwe emthonjeni wamandla angenamkhawulo futhi ahlanzekile, ilanga, futhi awakhiphi isikhutha emkhathini;
- bangokoqobo utshalomali, ngaphezu kokuthola izindleko ngokusizakala ngezinxephezelo, izinzuzo zentela, futhi ngaphezu kokukukhulula ezindlekweni zama-invoyisi, zingakhuphula inani lesakhiwo ngokwandisa isigaba samandla;
- yenza indlu izimele ekukhiqizweni kukagesi namanzi ashisayo.
Ngokusobala, ngisho nalolu hlobo lwezitshalo, njengalezi zendabuko, lungaphansi kokubuyekezwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zisebenza ngendlela efanele nokuthi kusetshenziswa u-100% wamandla azo. Futhi, amaphaneli angaphansi kokuguga futhi adabuke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, nakuba amelana kakhulu nesimo sezulu, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi amaphaneli awasasebenzi ngendlela esanda kufakwa. Eyakho ubude besikhathi bulinganiselwa phakathi kweminyaka engama-20 nengama-30, ngemva kwalokho kungcono ukuwagcwalisa ukuze asebenze kahle njengakuqala. Lokhu kungaba enye yezinkinga zamanje lapho amanani alawa maphaneli asephezulu kakhulu.
Ukucatshangelwa kwamaphaneli we-photovoltaic kanye ne-solar thermal
Njengoba sesibonile, amaphaneli e-photovoltaic kanye namaphaneli ashisayo elanga akhona isisombululo esihle kakhulu sokukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi kanye nokushisaEqinisweni, eminyakeni yamuva, ayanda amakhaya, kodwa nezinkampani, zikhethe ukwamukela lezi zixazululo. Enkathini lapho ukunaka iplanethi udaba olubizayo olukhulayo olubandakanya thina sonke, ukuthola izixazululo ezisivumela ukuba senze kanjalo sebenzisa amandla avuselelekayo Ziyizinqumo zokuziphatha kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo zinenzuzo kuwo wonke umuntu.
Futhi usuwafakile kakade ama-photovoltaic noma amaphaneli elanga ashisayo endlini yakho? Sithemba ukuthi ngalesi sihloko unemibono ecacile mayelana nomehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlelo ezimbili nokuthi, mhlawumbe, sikuqinisekisile ukuthi ukuthi usebenzise amandla avuselelekayo elanga ukusetshenziswa kwakho kwansuku zonke.