Umfundi unomuzwa wokuthi ususiwe eqinisweni eliyisicefe kodwa akahlukani nalo futhi nokho uthathwa yizwe lamaphupho azizwa egxilile emasikweni nasemasikweni akhe nakho konke akuthole ngemfundo ehlelekile, konke lokhu kufeza impumelelo. Amaqiniso omlingo.
Iqiniso lomlingo
Amaqiniso omlingo umnyakazo wezincwadi isici sayo esibaluleke kakhulu ukugqashuka kweqiniso ngesenzakalo esimangalisayo esichazwe ngendlela engokoqobo ngaphakathi kokulandisa.
Umbhali waseVenezuela u-Arturo Uslar Pietri waba ngowokuqala ukusebenzisa leli gama ebhekisela ezincwadini emsebenzini wakhe othi "Letters and men of Venezuela", eyanyatheliswa okokuqala ngo-1947. UPietri kamuva wavuma ukuthi inkulumo ethi Umlingo Wangempela yayithathwe ngokungazi. kusukela emsebenzini wango-1925 womhlaziyi wezobuciko waseJalimane u-Franz Roh, owasebenzisa i-Magischer Realismus (Ukuphila Kwangempela Komlingo) ebhekisela kusitayela somdwebo owaziwa ngokuthi i-Neue Sachlichkeit (Injongo Entsha).
NgokukaRoh, ubuqiniso bomlingo babuhlobene ne-surrealism, kodwa akufani, ngoba ubuqiniso bomlingo bugxile ngaphezu kwakho konke entweni ebonakalayo kanye nokuba ngokoqobo kwezinto ezisezweni, ngokungafani nombono ongabonakali, onjengephupho, ongokwengqondo kanye nokungazi lutho nge-surrealism. . |
Umbhali nomgxeki wezincwadi waseMexico uLuis Leal wenze le ncazelo yaba lula wathi ibingachazeki futhi uma ingachazwa bekungelona iqiniso lomlingo futhi wengeza ngokuthi umbhali ngamunye uveza iqiniso ngendlela alihumusha ngayo kulokho akubonayo kubantu futhi ugcizelela ukuthi iqiniso Lomlingo indawo ethathwa abalingiswa endabeni maqondana nomhlaba kanye nemvelo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, u-Arturo Uslar Pietri kwethi “Izincwadi Nabesilisa baseVenezuela” uchaze “umuntu njengempicabadala ezungezwe amaqiniso angokoqobo. Ukubikezela okusankondlo noma ukuphika okungokoqobo kwenkondlo. Yini ngenxa yokuntuleka kwelinye igama kungabizwa ngokuthi amaqiniso omlingo. Ngaphandle kokungacacile kwencazelo ka-Uslar Pietri, leli gama libe nomthelela omkhulu kubafundi njengoba belihlonze ngendlela yabo yokuzwa inganekwane yaseLatin America.
Abanye abagxeki balondoloza ukuthi ubuqiniso bomlingo buwukuhlukahluka kokungokoqobo okumsulwa, njengoba kukhombisa izinkinga zomphakathi waseMelika ngokuchaza abalingiswa nezindawo ezijwayelekile, umehluko ungaba ukuthi le ngxenye yamaqiniso isebenzisa ihaba lezenzakalo zangempela ngokuyixuba nomlingo ngokwawo. kwabantu baseLatin America, ikakhulukazi ama-Ibero-Americans.
Amaqiniso omlingo anamathonya avela kokubili kokuhlaziywa kwengqondo kanye nokunyakaza kwe-surrealist eYurophu, ezicini zayo ze-oneiric, ukungacabangi nokungazi, kanye namathonya asobala amasiko amaNdiya aseMelika ngaphambi kokufika kwabanqobi, ikakhulukazi ezenzakalweni ezingaphezu kwemvelo ezihlobene izinganekwane nezinsumansumane zabo.
Ubuqiniso bomlingo bavela njengempendulo kumnyakazo wamaqiniso, owomdabu kanye nowesifunda owawubusa kuze kube yileso sikhathi, kodwa ngaphandle kokuyeka ukuba nezakhi zalokho kunyakaza. Ababhali bagqugquzelwe izehlakalo zezepolitiki ezinesiyaluyalu zesifunda ngemisebenzi yabo, yingakho ukugxekwa kwezenhlalo nezepolitiki kwakuyinto ehlala njalo ehlanganiswe nezehlakalo ezinhle nezingenzeki.
U-Arturo Uslar Pietri ugqamisa ukubaluleka kokuhlukanisa ngokuphelele ubuqiniso bomlingo obuvele eLatin America phakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule nezinye izitayela noma imisebenzi ngokusobala efana, njengenoveli ye-chivalric noma i-Thousand and One Nights, ngamaqiniso omlingo, ngokusho kwe-Venezuelan Uslar Pietri, iqiniso alithathelwa indawo yizwe lemilingo, kodwa okungavamile kuyingxenye yokuphila kwansuku zonke. Ubuqiniso bomlingo buletha ukugxekwa okusobala kwezenhlalo nezepolitiki, ikakhulukazi lokhu kugxeka kuqondiswe kwabaphakeme ababusayo.
Kusukela eminyakeni yamashumi ayisithupha ekhulwini elidlule, ubuqiniso bomlingo babucatshangwa ababhali bemibhalo ngaphandle kwezwekazi laseLatin America. Amaqiniso omlingo anqoba ukuhlukana kwamasiko ngokuthatha incazelo yendawo yonke nejwayelekile, evame ukudlulela emikhawulweni yokubekezelela komuntu.
Ababhali abaningi emhlabeni wonke, hhayi nje kuphela abavela eLatin America, bayingxenye yomnyakazo wamaqiniso omlingo, phakathi kwabaphambili nguMiguel Ángel Asturias, Alejo Carpentier, Gabriel García Márquez, Arturo Uslar Pietri, Isabel Allende, Salmán Rushdie, Lisa St Aubin de Terán , Elena Garro, Juan Rulfo, Louis de Berniéres, Günter Grass, Laura Esquivel.
Izimpawu zamaqiniso omlingo
Izici zobuqiniso bomlingo ziyahlukahluka kuye ngomlobi oyedwa futhi ngisho nomsebenzi owodwa kuye komunye. Umbhalo owodwa uhlukile komunye futhi eminye ingase ibe nesici esisodwa noma eziningi ezisohlwini.
Amaqiniso omlingo kanye nezingxenye zawo ezinhle
Esinye sezici eziyisisekelo zobuqiniso bomlingo ukuphathwa kwezimo ezithakazelisayo njengesenzakalo seqiniso langempela. Udlulisela izinganekwane, izinganekwane kanye nenganekwane kumaqiniso anamuhla omphakathi. Ngokusebenzisa izici ezingakholeki ezinikezwa abalingiswa, kumayelana nokusungula amaqiniso epolitiki akhona. Izakhi ezimangalisayo ziyingxenye yeqiniso, umbhali akazidali, uyazithola kuphela futhi azembule kumfundi.
Ukunganaki Komlandi Ngeqiniso Lomlingo
Umbhali akaluvezi ulwazi ngamabomu futhi uyalufihla ngezigigaba ezimangalisayo ezenzekayo. Indaba ilandela inkambo yayo ngomqondo osobala, ishaya indiva ukuthi kwenzeke okungavamile. Izehlakalo zamandla angaphezu kwawemvelo zitshelwa njengokungathi zenzeka nsuku zonke futhi umfundi uzithatha kanjalo. Ukuzama ukuchaza okungajwayelekile noma ukudwebela noma ukukhulisa iphupho lakho kungaba wukuwenza ungasebenzi.
Umxoxi wethula amaqiniso angenakwenzeka futhi angenangqondo ngemvelo enkulu, ngaphandle kokubonisana noma ukuwachazela umfundi. Kwesinye isikhathi isenzo siba nabalandisayo abangaphezu koyedwa.
Ukudinwa
Umbhali waseCuba u-Alejo Carpentier emsebenzini wakhe othi "El Barroco y lo Real Maravilloso" uhlobanisa ubuqiniso bomlingo ne-baroque futhi ukuchaze njengokungabikho kobuze, ukuqhela ezinkambisweni nasekuhleleni ngemininingwane eningi kangangokuthi iyaphazamisa. Carpentier ugcizelela: "IMelika, izwekazi le-symbiosis, ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ... ukuhlukahluka, kudala i-baroque."
Indlela Yesikhathi
Isikhathi samaqiniso omlingo asidluli ngendlela eqondile futhi asikalwa ngamapharamitha ajwayelekile, aphulwa nokulandelana kokulandisa. Isikhathi sangaphakathi sethulwa ngendlela entsha, kusetshenziswa amasu okulandisa afana nokukhumbula kanye ne-Introspective.
ababhali beqiniso lemilingo
Inhloso yababhali baseLatin America yayiwukuba nombono omusha wakho kokubili into kanye nolimi lwemibhalo, befuna ukudalula “leso qiniso cishe elingaziwa nelicishe libe nemibono eyinkolelo-ze okwakuyilelo laseLatin America. (...) iqiniso eliyingqayizivele elalihluke kakhulu kulokho okuvezwe endabeni yaseYurophu” ngamazwi ka-Arturo Uslar Pietri. Abanye ababhali abaphambili bomnyakazo wamaqiniso omlingo yilaba:
UMiguel Angel Asturias
Wazalelwa eGuatemala. Usebenze kwezobuntatheli, ezokusebenzelana nezokuxhumana kanye nezokubhala. Wagqama ngokukhathalela kwakhe isiko lendabuko lezwekazi. Wayengomunye wabanduleli be-boom ezincwadini zaseLatin America. Wayephinde abe yingqalabutho ekugxekweni komphakathi kanye nasemgqeni ophambili wezincwadi. Imisebenzi yakhe igxile ekugqamiseni izinganekwane nezinsumansumane zezwekazi laseMelika njengendlela yokuhlola nokulahla umphakathi. Imisebenzi yakhe ihlanganisa Izinganekwane zaseGuatemala (1930), Men of Corn (1949) kanye noMnu. President (1946).
U-Alejo Carpentier
Ubeyisazi somculo, umbhali kanye nentatheli yemvelaphi yaseCuba. Wasungula igama elithi “impela elimangalisayo” lemisebenzi eyakhiwe ngendlela engokoqobo yomlingo. Carpentier uthi:
“Okumangalisayo kuqala ukuba yisimangaliso ngokungangabazeki lapho kuvela ekuguqulweni okungalindelekile kweqiniso, kusukela ekukhanyeni okungajwayelekile […] okubonwa ngamandla athile ngenxa yokuphakanyiswa komoya okuholela esimweni 'somkhawulo".
Umlobi ugcizelela ukuthi amaqiniso aseLatin America, kokubili okungokoqobo kobuhlanga, kanye nasemlandweni, imibono, isiko, izinkolo nezombusazwe, kuphoqa umdwebi ukuba afune izindlela ezintsha zokumela leli qiniso elithile. Imisebenzi yakhe emele kakhulu ithi The Kingdom of this World (1949), The Lost Steps (1953) kanye neBaroque Concert (1974).
UJulio Cortazar
Wayengumbhali, uthisha kanye nomhumushi owazalelwa e-Argentina, ngo-1981 ephikisana nombuso wobushiqela wezempi owawubusa ezweni lakubo, wathatha ubuzwe baseFrance ngaphandle kokulahla i-Argentina. Ubuqiniso bomlingo bukaCortázar buthonywa kakhulu izincwadi zase-Europe ezifana ne-Kafka, Joyce, kanye ne-surrealism. Isitayela sakhe esithile senza okungekona okwangempela futhi okumnandi kakhulu kukholeleke ngokuphelele futhi kuzwakala. Ubhekwa njengomunye wabameleli ababaluleke kakhulu be-boom ezincwadini zaseLatin America.
Ku-Cortázar, ifomu elingenangqondo nelingahambisani, njengakho konke okunye, ingxenye yempilo yansuku zonke futhi ngokuyihlolisisa, umuntu angathola izici ezintsha nezingaziwa zeqiniso futhi aqhubekele phambili. Eminye yemisebenzi yakhe ithi Los Premios (1960), Hopscotch (1963), Sixty-Two, Model to Assemble (1968) kanye noBestiary (1951).
UJuan Rulfo
Uzalelwe eMexico, wabhala amanoveli, izindaba kanye nemibhalo, wazinikela ekuthwebuleni izithombe. Indalo kaRulfo yaphawula ingqopha-mlando ezincwadini zaseMexico, yaqeda izincwadi ezikhuluma ngoguquko. Emisebenzini yakhe, iqiniso lihlanganiswe nephupho, ngaphakathi kwezigcawu zasemaphandleni ngemva kwenguquko yaseMexico. Abalingiswa bayo bafanekisela imvelo yemvelo, begqamisa izinkinga zezenhlalo nezamasiko kuhlaka lwezwe elimangalisayo.
UGabriel García Márquez ngokwakhe wathi ngomsebenzi kaJuan Rulfo Pedro Páramo: "Lena inoveli enhle kunazo zonke eyake yabhalwa ngeSpanishi", futhi uJorge Luis Borges wabhala imigqa elandelayo: "UPedro Páramo uyincwadi emnandi, futhi ukukhanga kwayo akukwazi ukumelana. Lena enye yamanoveli ahamba phambili ezincwadini zesiSpanishi, nasezincwadini ngokujwayelekile. Phakathi kwezincwadi zakhe ezibaluleke kakhulu kugqame uPedro Páramo no-El llano en llamas.
UGabriel García Márquez
Uzalelwe eColombia, ngaphezu kokuba ngumbhali wenza ubuntatheli, wayengumbhali wesikrini nomhleli. Wawina uMklomelo KaNobel Wezincwadi ngo-1982. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwakhe njengomlobi, izimpawu zokuhlangana phakathi komlingo namaqiniso zavela emisebenzini yakhe, ehlanganisa amaqiniso omlando nawasezinganekwaneni. Wanikeza impilo edolobheni laseMacondo elisebenza njengohlaka lwezindaba eziningi ezibhalwe nguye. Ngamazwi akhe:
“Iqiniso lethu (njengabaseLatin America) alilingani futhi livame ukuletha izinkinga ezinkulu kubabhali, okuwukushoda kwamagama… wasungula izinto, kodwa ubukhulu bemvelo obukhona emhlabeni wethu”.
UGarcía Márquez ukuqinisekisile ukuthi izindaba eziyinganekwane neziyinganekwane zaziyingxenye yempilo yansuku zonke yezwe ayeyazi ngakho-ke empeleni “wayengaqambi lutho, kodwa wayemane ethwebula futhi ebhekise emhlabeni wamabika, ukwelapha, izibikezelo, izinkolelo-ze... lokho bekungokwethu kakhulu, kakhulu eLatin America”
Umsebenzi kaGabriel García Márquez Iminyaka Eyikhulu Yezodwa uthathwa njengomsebenzi omele kakhulu wamaqiniso omlingo, ngaphezu kukaGabo, njengoba aziwa kanjalo, wabhala imisebenzi ebalulekile efana neThe Colonel ayinaye umuntu angambhalela futhi iLove in. isikhathi sekholera.
Arturo Uslar Pietri
Ubengumbhali waseVenezuela obuye enze ubuntatheli, umthetho, ifilosofi nepolitiki. U-Uslar Pietri unconywa ngokusebenzisa igama elithi "umlingo wamaqiniso" embhalweni wekhulu lama-1990 we-Latin America. Izindatshana namanoveli ka-Uslar Pietri abe nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yamasiko esifundeni. Ngo-XNUMX wathola indondo yeNkosana ye-Asturias ebonga umsebenzi wakhe wokubhala. Waqokwa izikhathi eziningana ukuze athole umklomelo weNobel for Literature. Ngokusho kuka-Uslar Pietri:
“Uma umuntu efunda, ngamehlo aseYurophu, inoveli ka-Asturias noma i-Carpentier, angase akholelwe ukuthi umbono owenziwe noma isiphiwo esididayo nesingavamile.
Kwakungekhona mayelana nokwengezwa kwezinhlamvu ezinhle nezehlakalo, okukhona kuzo izibonelo eziningi ezinhle kusukela ekuqaleni kwezincwadi, kodwa mayelana nokwembulwa kwesimo esihlukile, esingavamile, esingqubuzana namaphethini amukelekayo okungokoqobo ... Lo mugqa It isukela Ezinganekwaneni ZaseGuatemala kuya Eminyakeni Eyikhulu Yokuba Wedwa.”
Futhi uyanezela: “Lokho uGarcía Márquez akuchazayo futhi okubonakala kuwukusungulwa okumsulwa, akuyona into engaphezu kwesithombe sesimo esingavamile, esibonwa ngamehlo abantu abaphila kuso futhi abasidalayo, cishe ngaphandle koshintsho. Umhlaba wamaCreole ugcwele umlingo ngomqondo wokungajwayelekile nokuxakile”.
Elizabeth Allende
Umbhali nombhali wemidlalo yaseChile. Inoveli yakhe yokuqala ethi, Indlu Yemimoya, ingumsebenzi wakhe owaziwa kakhulu. Lo mlobi odumile unikeza ukubukeka kowesifazane esenzweni esibonakala sibuswa amadoda, amaqiniso omlingo. Eqala ngenoveli yakhe yokuqala, u-Allende ucwile ekukholweni komlingo njengoba engena emlandweni waseChile nekusasa lawo eliqinile futhi elibuswa i-iron machismo, esebenzisa okuhlangenwe nakho kwemindeni engajwayelekile.
Ezindabeni zabo, iqiniso elibi lezehlakalo zezombangazwe kanye nezinkinga zenhlalo zixubene nezenzakalo ezingavamile ezithathwa abantu abahlukene ngokungabi nandaba nezinto ezincane zokuphila kwansuku zonke futhi ngaleyo ndlela bakwazi ukubhekana nezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi.
UJorge Amado
Wayengumbhali waseBrazil, wayenobulungu e-Brazilian Academy of Letters. U-Jorge Amado uphendule abantulayo, abalimi, abasebenzi, abaxoshwa emphakathini, izifebe, nabangenamakhaya baba amaqhawe nabalingiswa bamanoveli akhe. Lapho eseyiqhawe lamaKhomanisi, wahlobanisa okuhle nobumpofu nokubi ngengcebo, kamuva wawushintsha lowo mbono lapho eqonda ukuthi okuhle nokubi kuzalwa esimilweni nesimo sengqondo sabantu hhayi ebuphofini noma engcebweni.
U-Jorge Amado wayengumlingisi ophambili we-boom ezincwadini zaseLatin America eminyakeni yamashumi ayisithupha ekhulwini elidlule futhi uthathwa ngabagxeki njengomunye wabanduleli bayo. Emibhalweni yakhe uyakwazi ukuhlanganisa iqiniso lenhlalo nenganekwane, amahlaya, ukuvusa inkanuko kanye nokuvusa inkanuko ngesilinganiso esifanele. Inoveli yakhe ethi Doña Flor y sus dos Hudos kanye nomsebenzi oyisibonelo wamaqiniso omlingo.
Elena Garro
WayengowaseMexico ozinikele ekubhaleni imibhalo, izindaba, amanoveli futhi engumbhali wemidlalo yeshashalazi. Nakuba efakwe kuhlu ohlotsheni lwamaqiniso omlingo futhi ethathwa njengomunye wabasunguli bawo, ulichithile leli gama ngokucabangela ukuthi "lilebula le-mercanntilist" kuphela. Abalingisi bemisebenzi ka-Elena Garro bahamba phakathi kwezehlakalo zangempela nezingamanga ngokuza nokuhamba okumangalisayo ukuphishekela amaphupho abo.
Ngokukamagazini i-Ibero-American Magazine: “Ngokuvamile, esekelwe ezicini zendabuko, wakha izwe lapho imingcele ekhona phakathi kwezinto ezingokoqobo esizibona nsuku zonke iyanyamalala; Ngaleyondlela usinika elinye izwe, mhlawumbe elingelona iqiniso, kodwa mhlawumbe elingokoqobo nakakhulu mayelana neqiniso lomphefumulo womuntu.” Imisebenzi yakhe yokuqala Ikhaya eliqinile (ithiyetha, 1958), Izinkumbulo zesikhathi esizayo (inoveli, 1963) kanye nesonto lemibala (indaba, 1964), zibhekwa abanye abagxeki njengezandulela zamaqiniso omlingo.
Laura Esquivel
ULaura Esquivel ungumbhali nosopolitiki owazalelwa eMexico. Umsebenzi wakhe oyinhloko wokulandisa: I-Como Agua para Chocolate, uhlelo lwayo lokuqala lwango-1989, idume emhlabeni wonke futhi kuze kube manje isihunyushelwe ezilimini ezingaphezu kwamashumi amathathu futhi yathwetshulwa ngumyeni wakhe ngaleso sikhathi, umqondisi u-Alfonso Arau ngo-1992. Lo msebenzi uwuphawu lwamaqiniso omlingo futhi ugqamisa ukubaluleka kwekhishi njengesisekelo esiyinhloko somndeni nekhaya.
ubuqiniso bomlingo ekudwebeni
Emdwebeni, ubuqiniso bomlingo bubhekisela ekuhlanganiseni kwansuku zonke, okuphathekayo, okubonakalayo nokunengqondo okungokoqobo okunomlingo, okukhohlisayo nokufana nephupho, okwenza iqiniso elisha. Leli hlelo laqala ukusetshenziswa umhlaziyi wezobuciko uFranz Roh emsebenzini wakhe othi Post-Impressionism: Magical Realism eyanyatheliswa ngo-1925. NgokukaRoh, ubuqiniso bomlingo kanye nabadwebi bayo babekela inselele ukuba ngokoqobo okumsulwa okubophezela kuphela eqinisweni elingokoqobo nenhloso futhi kwakha isiteshi sokuxhumana phakathi okujwayelekile kanye ne-surrealism kanye nezimpawu.
Naphezu kwemizamo kaFranz Roh, ukugxekwa kwezobuciko eYurophu kwase kusebenzisa igama elithi New Objectivity (Neue Sachlichkeit). Lo mkhuba wavela ngemva kweMpi Yezwe Yesibili emadolobheni amaningana amakhulu aseJalimane ehlanganisa abaculi baseDada. U-Guenther ngokukhethekile usebenzisa isihluthulelo seNjongo Entsha ngaphezu kokuba ngokoqobo komlingo, okuthiwa ngenxa yokuthi injongo entsha inesisekelo esingokoqobo, kukhona amaciko ayiprakthiza, kuyilapho ukubakhona komlingo okungokoqobo kuwumbono nje, ingxenye yenkulumo yokugxeka.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi sibonga ithonya lembongi yase-Italy, umbhali wemidlalo yeshashalazi, umbhali wenoveli nomqambi uMassimo Bontempelli, igama elithi ubuqiniso bomlingo lamukelwa yimibuthano yobuciko yaseJalimane neyase-Italy.
ukuphikisa
Abaculi abaningi nabagxeki, ikakhulukazi abaseYurophu, abavumelani nombono wokuthi ubuqiniso bomlingo ezincwadini bunomsuka waseLatin America.
Umlobi ongowokuzalwa e-Albania u-Ismail Kadaré uyagcizelela: “Abantu baseLatin America abazange bazisungulele izinto ezingokoqobo eziyimilingo. Bekulokhu kukhona ezincwadini. Asikwazi ukucabanga izincwadi zomhlaba ngaphandle kwalesi sici esisodwa. Ungakwazi yini ukuchaza i-Dante's Divine Comedy, imibono yakhe yesihogo ngaphandle kokukhanga ukuba ngokoqobo komlingo? Asitholi yini isenzakalo esifanayo kuFaust, kwethi The Tempest, kuDon Quixote, ezinhlekeleleni zamaGreki lapho izulu nomhlaba kuhlale kuxhumene?
Ngokohlangothi lwakhe, uSeymour Menton uthi uGabriel García Márquez wathonywa ababhali bezincwadi zendabuko zamaJuda abafana no-Isaac Bashevis Singer, u-André Schwarz Bart kanye nababhali abathile bamaJuda abavela e-United States ukuthi babhale incwadi yakhe yobuciko eyikhulu Leminyaka Eyedwa.
Futhi umamukeli we-Peruvian Nobel Prize for Literature, uMario Vargas Llosa uzwakalise ukungaboni ngaso linye nokusetshenziswa kwamaqiniso omlingo. Esitatimendeni ngesikhathi seBerlin Literature Festival, wachaza ukuthi kwakungasoze kwalungile ukusebenzisa igama elithi umlingo wamaqiniso ukukhuluma ngeqembu lababhali abavela eLatin America.
"Isikhathi eside (inkulumo yobuqiniso bomlingo) yayisetshenziswa njengelebula ukuhlanganisa zonke izincwadi zaseLatin America, lokho kwakungaqondile...Ilebula yobuqiniso bomlingo ayisebenzi ngisho nokuhlanganisa ababhali bezincwadi eziqanjiwe njengoJuan Rulfo, (Gabriel) García. Márquez , Julio Cortázar noma (Jorge Luis) Borges, ngamunye unezinganekwane zakhe siqu kanye nezwe lakhe siqu»
"Kwakunezikhathi lapho kwakunenkambiso ebusayo efana nokuba ngokoqobo noma kamuva lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ubuqiniso bomlingo, manje akukho, kukhona ababhali abaningi abakhuluma ngezindikimba ezihlukahlukene kakhulu ngamasu ahluke kakhulu, lokho kuhle, ikakhulukazi ezwenikazi ibonakala ngokuhlukahlukana
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