El Francis Bacon umdwebi Waziwa ngemidwebo yakhe yangemva kweMpi Yezwe II, lapho aveza khona ubuso nomfanekiso womuntu ngendlela ecacile nevame ukugqama. Thola nathi ukuthi wayengubani nokuthi yini eyashukumisa imidwebo emangaza umhlaba.
Wayengubani umdwebi uFrancis Bacon?
Lo mculi oyisithombe ophuma enhlokodolobha yase-Ireland uyinzalo kaKaputeni u-Anthony Edward Mortimer kanye nonkosikazi wakhe omncane kakhulu, u-Christina Winifred Firth.
Waphila iminyaka enzima kakhulu ngaphansi kwegunya likababa elibusayo nelinonya. UFrancis wayehlekwa usulu futhi ephathwa kabi ngenxa yokuba buthakathaka nokugula, izinkumbulo eziningi nezindaba zithi uyise wamshaya futhi wamjezisa kakhulu ebusheni bakhe.
Wayengumfana onempilo ebucayi ngenxa yenkinga yakhe yesifuba somoya futhi wafundiswa ekhaya, egcina umlingiswa ogodliwe, onamahloni futhi othule njengengane. Eneminyaka engu-17, waxoshwa unomphela ekhaya ngesikhathi ebanjwa ezama izingubo zangaphansi zikanina.
Ngemva kokuvakashela eJalimane naseFrance esemncane, uFrancis Bacon wazinza eLondon futhi waqala umsebenzi wokuba umdwebi ozifundisayo. Imidwebo yakhe eminingi kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-40 kuya kowe-60 imelela isimo somuntu ezigcawini ezibonisa ukuhlukaniswa, ubudlova nokuhlupheka, okubhekwa njengeminye yemisebenzi yobuciko ebaluleke kakhulu yenkathi yangemva kwempi.
Kodwa naphezu kokuhlaselwa kwakhe yisifuba somoya njalo nokuphathwa kabi, uFrancis Bacon wayenenhliziyo eqinile futhi eqinile. Wayephuza, edla, edlala, ethanda futhi ependa ngothando kangangokuthi isikhathi sokulala sasincipha, cishe amahora amabili noma amathathu ebusuku kwakuyinto evamile. Ngalobu bumnyama bokuziphatha okubi, ukuphila ngokuzikhandla, ubungane obujulile, nokuthatheka kobuhle, uBacon wakhiqiza iqoqo lemidwebo eyayingeyona nje imihle ngendlela exakayo, kodwa futhi eyayinesibindi futhi yasekuqaleni ngesikhathi sayo.
Umsebenzi wakhe oncomekayo wahlanganisa futhi waphilisa iqembu labadwebi ababemzungezile maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka eNgilandi, elaziwa ngokuthi iLondon School, waphinde waba nomthelela ezizukulwaneni ezimbalwa zamaciko azayo, okuhlanganisa uDamien Hirst, uJenny Saville noJake kanye noDinos Chapman, phakathi kwabo. inombolo enkulu.
Ubuntwana, ubusha kanye nesiqalo sobuciko
Umdwebi uFrancis Bacon wazalelwa umbhangqwana wamaNgisi owawuhlala eDublin, e-Ireland ngo-Okthoba 28, 1909. Ungowozalo lwesazi sefilosofi esaziwayo uFrancis Bacon wekhulu leshumi nesithupha neleshumi nesikhombisa. Wakhulela e-Ireland naseNgilandi futhi akakwazanga ukulondoloza imfundo njenganoma iyiphi ingane engangaye, ngakho wafundelwa ekhaya ngenxa yezizathu zempilo.
Uyise, uCaptain Anthony Edward Mortimer Bacon, oteketiswa ngelika-Eddy, wayengowase-Australia, wazalelwa edolobheni lase-Adelaide, eningizimu yezwe, kuyise oyiNgisi nomama wase-Australia. U-Eddy wayengumakadebona weMpi yamaBhunu, umqeqeshi wamahhashi, kanye nomzukulu ka-Anthony Bacon, owathi uvela emndenini kaSir Nicholas Bacon, umfowabo ka-Elizabeth, isazi sefilosofi, kanye nombhali wezindaba, uSir Francis Bacon.
Umama kaFrancis omncane, u-Christina Winifred Firth, oteketiswa ngo-Winnie, wayeyindlalifa yebhizinisi lensimbi yase-Sheffield kanye nemayini yamalahle, ngakho isimo sakhe sezezimali sasinethezekile. UBacon wayenomkhaya omkhulu, umfowabo omdala, uHarley, odadewabo ababili abancane, u-Ianthe noWinifred, futhi ekugcineni umfowabo omncane, u-Edward.
Umndeni wawuthutha izindlu njalo, ushintsha phakathi kwe-Ireland ne-England izikhathi eziningana, okubangela ukungazinzi nokufuduka okwasala noFrancis impilo yakhe yonke.
Umndeni wawuhlala e-Canny Court House e-County Kildare kusukela ngo-1911, kwase kuba se-Westbourne Terrace e-London, eduze kakhulu neHhovisi le-Land Force Records lapho ubaba ayeqashwe khona futhi kamuva wathuthela e-Ireland ekupheleni kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala..
UBacon wayehlala nabazali bakhe, kodwa futhi nogogo nomkhulu wakhe ozala umama, uWinifred noKerry Supple, eFarmleigh, e-Abbeyleix, nokho wayehlale enakekelwa umzanyana womndeni, uJessie Lightfoot, waseCornwall, owaziwa ngelika UNanny Lightfoot, umuntu ofudumele nomama owahlala eseduze naye kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe.
Ubhekeni wayengumfana onamahloni, owayejabulela izingubo nokugqoka kahle, futhi wayenemikhuba ebucayi ngokwedlulele futhi ethi ayifane neyabesifazane, izinto ezazivame ukumthukuthelisa uyise, okwathi ngokusho kwezindaba ezithile zakamuva zamphatha kabi.
Kwakungu-1924, lapho esemncane, abazali bakhe baqhubeka nokushintsha indawo yokuhlala futhi ubuntu bukaFrancis baqala ukushintsha, wayethanda ukudweba abantu besifazane, ngezingubo ezinesibindi nezigqoko. Ephathini yezingubo zikanokusho endlini yomngane womndeni e-Cavendish Hall, uFrancis wayegqoke okomqwayi, ogqoke ingubo yobuhlalu, i-lipstick, izithende eziphakeme kanye nesibambi sikagwayi eside.
Ngo-1926 umndeni wabuyela eStraffan Lodge futhi udadewabo, u-Ianthe, oneminyaka eyishumi nambili omncane wakhe, wayehlale ekhumbula leyo midwebo kanye nezinto azithandayo zomfowabo ezahlukene. Ngalowo nyaka wanquma uFrancis, owaxoshwa ekhaya labazali bakhe ngemva kokuba uyise emthole ezibuka phambi kwesibuko esikhulu, egqoke izingubo zangaphansi zikanina.
Ngo-1927, eneminyaka engu-17 nje kuphela, engenakhaya futhi enabazali abangabuvumanga ubulili bakhe, uFrancis Bacon waya eBerlin, eJalimane, lapho abamba iqhaza khona empilweni yasebusuku yezitabane, kanye nasemibuthanweni yayo yobuhlakani. Wabe esethuthela eParis, eFrance, lapho aba nesithakazelo nakakhulu kwezobuciko ngokuvakashela izindawo zemibukiso. Umdwebi wesikhathi esizayo wabuyela eLondon ngasekupheleni kwawo-XNUMX futhi waqala umsebenzi omfushane njengomhlobisi wangaphakathi, futhi waklama ifenisha namaragi ngesitayela sesimanje, esithonywe yi-Art Deco.
Kuthe uma kubheduka impi, wazama ukubhalisa kodwa wenqaba ngenxa yesimo esibi sesifuba somoya, kodwa wajoyina ithimba labatakuli be-ambulensi.
Wabe eseqala ukudweba, okokuqala ngesitayela se-cubist esithonywe uPablo Picasso futhi kamuva ngendlela ye-surreal eyengeziwe. Umsebenzi kaBacon wokuzifundisa waheha isithakazelo kwathi ngo-1937, wafakwa embukisweni weqembu eLondon owawunesihloko esithi “Young British Painters”.
Imisebenzi evelele phakathi kwama-40s nama-50s
UFrancis Bacon wabelana ngesinye isikhathi ukuthi isiqalo sangempela somsebenzi wakhe wobuciko sasingo-1944, njengoba kwakuyinkathi azinikezela ngayo ngokugcwele ekudwebeni futhi wadala imisebenzi eyamenza waduma futhi namanje asakhunjulwa ngayo.
Izifundo Ezintathu Zezibalo Ezinyaweni Zokubethelwa, ibhekwa njengenguquko ebalulekile. Amaseyili akhe abonisa izibalo zabantu, ngokuvamile kwakungumfanekiso owodwa, ohlukaniswe ngokuphelele ekamelweni, ikheji noma isizinda esimnyama.
Wenza uchungechunge lwemidwebo, egqugquzelwe yisithombe sikaPapa Innocent X ka-Diego Velázquez esenziwa ngo-1650, kodwa enikeza ngamunye isitayela sakhe, esinemibala emnyama eyayimveza, amabhulashi amabi kanye nobuso obuhlanekezelwe. Le misebenzi ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi Imidwebo ka-Francis Bacon's Screaming Pope.
Kwakuyizindikimba ezihlukene kakhulu, kuseyili owodwa ungabona isithombe esipendwe simile futhi eduze kwaso kunesiqephu senyama ekhunjwe isikhumba, kanti kwezinye sasigqugquzelwe yizindikimba zenkolo zendabuko. Kodwa yonke imidwebo yakhe yayinento eyodwa efanayo, ukugcizelela komdwebi uFrancis Bacon ekuhlangenwe nakho kwendawo yonke yokuhlupheka nokuhlukaniswa.
Impilo yakhe nobuciko bakhe ngemuva kuka-1960
Ngisho noma kwakuyisikhathi lapho ubuciko besimanje babubuswa ukukhishwa, lo mdwebi ovelele waqhubeka nokudweba ubuso nesibalo sabantu, ngaphandle kokunqotshwa ukuthambekela. Ukusebenzisa kwakhe imibala okuthinta imizwelo nama-brushstrokes, ihaba lamafomu nokushukuma komzimba kwamenza wathola ilebula yeciko elibonisa ukukhuluma, nakuba alinqaba lelo gama.
Imisebenzi kaBacon kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1960s ivamise ukuveza abantu besilisa njengababodwa, begqoke amasudi ebhizinisi asemthethweni, abanye njengezithombe ezinqunu ezinezingxenye nezici ezishintshe kakhulu. Kwakukhona iminyaka lapho ayesebenzisa khona amathoni akhanyayo ngezikhathi ezithile, nokho-ke, izingqikithi zodlame nokufa zazisese ugqozi lwakhe oluyinhloko kanye namathoni amnyama nabandayo ayevame kakhulu.
Wayevame ukudweba izithombe zabajwayele, ontanga, abaculi, nabanye abaphikisana nabo endaweni, kuhlanganise noGeorge Dyer, owahlangana noFrancis ngenkathi ezama ukugebenga indlu yakhe.
Umdwebi uFrancis Bacon wahlangana noGeorge Dyer, omunye wamamodeli ayewapenda futhi ayewafisa kakhulu, ngesikhathi uDyer, owayeyisigebengu esincane esihlala e-East London, ewela esibhakabhakeni sendlu yomdwebi ngobunye ubusuku ngo-1963, ngenhloso yokuthi ukugebenga.
Kuthiwa uBhakoni wamtshela ukuthi ungumuntu othanda isela, kodwa le nsizwa yamdonsa kakhulu uPinto owayemdala kuye ngeminyaka engu-25. Ubuhlobo obungajwayelekile bukaBacon noDyer bathatha iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili, kwaze kwaba yilapho le nsizwa ifa ngenxa yokuphuza ngokweqile kanye nama-barbiturates ekamelweni lakhe lehhotela laseParis.
Lesi sigameko senzeka ezinsukwini ezimbili ngaphambi kokuvulwa kwe-Bacon retrospective e-Grand Palais, ngo-Okthoba 1971. Ngaleso sikhathi, umdwebi wayesedumile emhlabeni wonke futhi amanani entengo yemisebenzi yakhe ayephikisana nalawo e-Picasso. Lo mbukiso ngamunye obuseGrand Palais eParis ubuwudumo olukhethekile kumdwebi ophilayo futhi ukushona kwesithandwa sakhe kwagcinwa kuthule, ukugwema ukusibekela le mpumelelo enkulu.
UGeorge Dyer wayewuthando oluvuthayo nolunesiphithiphithi, olubonakala ngokukhuphuka nokwehla nokuhlanya, kangangokuthi uDyer, phakathi kwezinye izinto, wammangalela ngokutholakala nezidakamizwa. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe okuningi kuvezwe efilimini Uthando LunguDeveli: Funda ngesithombe sikaFrancis Bacon, kusukela ngonyaka ka-1998 futhi kulingisa uDerek Jacobi, uDaniel Craig noTilda Swinton. U-Bacon, owaziwa ngokuxokozela, ukuthanda uphuzo oludakayo kanye nothando lobuciko, wayegcina ikhaya eligcwele abantu abaningi kanye nestudiyo eLondon futhi waqhubeka nokudweba kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kokuphila kwakhe.
Ushone eseholidini eMadrid, eSpain ngo-Ephreli 28, 1992, eyisisulu sesifo senhliziyo eneminyaka engama-82, engakaze ayeke ukuba umnumzane waseBrithani onobuso obusha futhi enakekelwa kahle naphezu kokuphila kokuxokozela namahora ambalwa. wokulala, owayegqoke ngobuhle nobuqili. Kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke, akazange ayeke ukudweba, ukudla, ukuphuza, ukuthanda nokufunda. Lo mfundi ononya ushiye umtapo wezincwadi onezincwadi ezingaba ngu-XNUMX, cishe zonke zinamanothi nokuphawula.
Ifa lomdwebi uFrancis Bacon
UBacon uthathwa njengomunye wabadwebi abahamba phambili baseBrithani besizukulwane sangemva kweMpi Yezwe II, kanye nethonya elikhulu esizukulwaneni esisha sabaculi bomfanekiso ngeminyaka yawo-XNUMX.
Umsebenzi wakhe ungowamamnyuziyamu amakhulu emhlabeni futhi ukhonjiswe ngemibono ehlukahlukene. Ngemva kokushona kwakhe, ikamelo lakhe lokusebenzela lathengwa iHugh Lane Gallery, lapho bahlela khona ikamelo ukuze izivakashi zilijabulele.
Izifundo ezintathu zikaLucian Freud ngumdwebi uFrancis Bacon wephule irekhodi lomsebenzi obiza kakhulu owatholwa endalini, ngo-2013. Intengo yokugcina yayingamaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-142,4 futhi indali yenziwa ngabakwaChristie e-United States.
Lo mdwebi, owaphila iminyaka engu-82, wayenempikiswano enkulu phakathi kwamaqembu obuciko bendabuko, njengoba imisebenzi enamandla ayeyenza ngama-brushstroke ahlakaniphile ngokuvamile ihlanganisa izihloko eziphikisana kakhulu ezinjengocansi, ubuhlungu, ukuhlupheka nokufa, abaningi ababhekwa njengezithombe ezingcolile.
Emsebenzini wakhe, uBacon waphula zonke izindinganiso nemithetho yobuciko besiNgisi bendabuko, encike esikweni nasesitayeleni saseYurophu. Ezifundise yena futhi egcwele ubuhlakani, engenakho ukuqeqeshwa kwezobuciko okusemthethweni, ngezinye izikhathi wayependa ngeminwe yakhe, esebenzisa amabhulashi noma amanikiniki ngokufanayo, ehlanganisa izithombe ezivela emithonjeni ehlukene ukuze akhiqize izingoma ezihlaba umxhwele.
Yini eyakukhuthaza?
Ngemva kokuba uBacon exoshwe ekhaya lomndeni wakhe, waqala uchungechunge lwe-Escapades yaseYurophu eyavula amehlo akhe kwezobuciko nokuklama, ingasaphathwa enye intokozo yasemhlabeni, njengobulili newayini.
Izincwadi ezihlukahlukene ahlangana nazo futhi azincoma phakathi nohambo lwakhe zaba nethonya elihlala njalo nelingenakucimeka emsebenzini wakhe futhi zazingeke ziphume engqondweni yakhe kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe ngo-1992. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho efunda isiFulentshi eduze kwaseChantilly ngo-1927, wabhekana noKubhidlizwa Okukhulu Innocents de Poussin (1628–29), ehlatshwe umxhwele usizi oluboniswe endaweni yesigameko.
Umzwelo ofakwe ngokushuba okukhulu emfanekisweni kamama, indodana yakhe encane ezobulawa ngumuntu ngaphandle kwesihe, washaqisa umdwebi.
Kamuva ngalowo nyaka, wahlangana futhi wabuka izinto ezazinethonya elikhulu emsebenzini wakhe: incwadi echaza ngezifo zomlomo, ifilimu ka-Sergei Eisenstein ka-1925 ethi Battleship Potemkin, kanye nesigameko lapho umhlengikazi owayenegazi ekhala khona. Izithombe ezingasoze zalibaleka kuye, ezazihlala ziyisithombe esibhalwe unomphela engqondweni yakhe.
Esinye isenzakalo esibalulekile somdwebi kwakuwuhambo oluya eParis ngaleso sikhathi, okwamvumela ukuba abone imidwebo yokuqala engokomfanekiso kaPicasso. Konke lokhu okubalulekile nomthelela wako kwakumelela imfundo yobuciko yokuqala kaFrancis Bacon kanye nomthelela waphakade kuyo yonke imisebenzi yakhe eyalandela, ebonisa indlela yakhe eyingqayizivele neyokuqala.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi umdwebi uFrancis Bacon akakaze athole ukuqeqeshwa okusemthethweni, nokho, lokho akuzange kumvimbe ekwenzeni imisebenzi lapho umzimba womuntu wawuyisitsha esithambile, esibi esigcwele imizwa eluhlaza. Umlomo ovuleke kakhulu wawuzobonakala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwamanye amaseyili amakhulu womdwebi: uchungechunge lwakhe lwe-Weeping Potatoes, asebenza kulo kusukela ngo-1949 kuya ku-1971, ebonisa amadoda afiphele, ahlezi esihlalweni sobukhosi abanjwe kanye isenzo sokuklabalasa okukhulu futhi okubonakala kungunaphakade.
Abaningi bacabanga ukuthi ngesikhathi esifanayo babonisa imiyalo yezempi kayise kaBacon, izingxabano ezivuthayo phakathi komdwebi nesithandwa sakhe esihlukunyeziwe uPeter Lacy, isililo esilula sokwesaba, noma umvuthwandaba we-orgasm ethuthumelayo. Lokho kwakungamandla omsebenzi walo mdwebi, ayengavamile futhi eyingqayizivele, wayekwazi ukuhlanganisa izinkomba ezihlukahlukene, inunu noma isilo esasiqhaqhazela ngenxa yemizwa ehlukahlukene necashile, egcwele ukukhungatheka, ukungezwani noma ukwesaba.
Uchungechunge lwe-Bacon's Popes lwaba umkhiqizo welinye ithonya elikhulu: Isithombe sika-Velázquez sikaPapa Innocent X kusukela ngo-1650, umsebenzi uBacon awuthanda kakhulu, futhi akazange angabaze ukukuvuma.
Ezikhathini eziningi uFrancis waphinda walungisa eyakhe inguqulo yalo mdwebo wobuciko, nakuba enqaba ukuzibonela mathupha lo mdwebo lapho eya eRoma. Uthe uzizwa enamahloni ngokuthi uye waphatha ngobuwula lesi siqeshana esihlaba umxhwele, izikhathi eziningi. UBacon uthe umsebenzi wabaculi abaningi abaphambili abafana noGiacometti, van Gogh noMatisse ube nomthelela emisebenzini yakhe, kodwa akazange ayeke ukubheka ababhali nezimbongi ezinjengoRacine, Baudelaire kanye noProust ukuze bathole ugqozi nesiqondiso sokudala.
Ubelokhu egcizelela ukuthi okwamkhanga kakhulu ezincwadini yikhono lokufingqa ubunkimbinkimbi bokuba khona komuntu ngemigqa nemishwana embalwa emifushane. Okuthile azama ukukwenza ngezibalo ezihlukahlukene nezithakazelisayo ezazibekwe kumaseyili akhe.
Ngesinye isikhathi wacacisa ukuthi wayengakugcizeleli ukufa, wamane wakwamukela njengengxenye yokuphila, njengoba umuntu ehlale eqaphela ngokufa ekuphileni, umane nje uyirose eliqhakaza, bese liyafa.
Yayiyini indlela yakho yokusebenza?
Imikhiqizo esebenze njengogqozi lweBacon, njenge Ukubulawa kwabantu abangenacalas, izithombe ezigugile zezilwane zasendle, ama-talisman aseGibhithe, izincwadi nokunye, zaqoqwa phansi eziteshini lapho ayesebenza khona, njalo njengenhlawulo enkulu eyayihambisana naye kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe.
Isiphithiphithi ngaso sonke isikhathi sasinongwe ngopende nemikhondo yemicimbi ayevame ukuyenza, ngemva kokuchitha ubusuku emakilabhini aseLondon nasezindaweni zokugembula.
Abaningi bachaze indawo yabo yokusebenza njengesiphithiphithi, lapho kungase kuvele noma yini abangayilindele. Nokho, kubo bonke ububi bakhe kanye nakho konke ukuwohloka kwakhe, umdwebi uFrancis Bacon wayezinikele ngokwedlulele emsebenzini wakhe futhi enemithetho yakhe ekhetheke kakhulu.
Ugcizelele ukuthi umuntu kufanele aqondiswe izigwegwe kukho konke, kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke kube ngamampunge. Intshisekelo yakhe yokuxhumana nabantu yayibonakala idla ugqozi nomsebenzi wakhe, ngoba yena ngokwakhe wathi ngemuva kokuphuma ebusuku, wayengavuka ekuseni kakhulu futhi apende amahora ambalwa ngokukhanya okungcono kakhulu kosuku, lawo amahora okuqala. emva kokuntwela kokusa.
Ngemva kwalokho, wayekwazi ukudla futhi aziphuzele edakiwe, ebuka idolobha futhi ehlangana nabangane bakhe abaningi nabangane bakhe, ababevame ukuhlanganisa abadwebi akanye nabo uLucian Freud noFrank Auerbach. Futhi abaqoqi abadumile baseLondon, njengabakwaSainbury, abanye bezithandwa zakhe eziningi, abanjengoLacy noma u-Eric Hall, phakathi kwabanye abantu.
Wayeyiciko eliwubukhazikhazi, owayethi usebenza kangcono ngemva kokuphuza ebusuku, ngoba waphinda wathi ingqondo yakhe yaphila futhi yagcwala amandla ngemva kwalabo busuku obungapheli bephathi, wezwa ukuthi ukuphuza kwakumenza akhululeke. Nokho, njengoba kwaziwa, lolu hlobo lwenkambiso ludala ubungozi obuthile, uma kungezona izingozi eziningi eziyingozi. Ezikhathini eziningana, ngemva kwamaqembu, wayefika ekhaya sekwephuzile futhi edakwe kakhulu, kangangokuthi wanquma "ukuphelelisa" umdwebo othile owaqedwa ngalolo suku.
Wayethi uma evuka athole ukuthi lokho ayekuphelelisile kuvele konakale. Ngemva kweziqephu ezimbalwa zalolu hlobo, igalari yakhe yaqala ukuqoqa imisebenzi nemidwebo estudio sakhe ngemva kokuba isiqediwe.
Lokhu futhi kunakekelwa umzanyana owamkhulisa futhi wahamba naye ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe, umzanyana wakhe uJessie Lightfoot, owahlala nomdwebi waze washona ngo-1951 kanye nabasabalalisi ababili abakhulu bomsebenzi wakhe, u-Erica Brausen eHanover Gallery futhi kamuva. U-Valerie Beston e-Marlborough Gallery, naye obambe iqhaza elibalulekile ekuhleleni nasekuthuthukiseni impilo yakhe nomsebenzi wakhe.
Umculi ongahloniphi owayenezinkinga zezimali ngesikhathi sobusha bakhe, wayesekelwa uLightfoot, owamsiza ukuba aqale amabhizinisi athile noma athole abathandi ababezonikeza usizo lwezezimali. U-Brausen waba umngane oseduze nomuntu owayesethemba, oxhumene kwezobuciko, ubungqingili babo obabiwe, kanye nothando lwabo lokubeka ubungozi, u-Bacon's on canvas kanye neyakhe ezindongeni zegalari yakhe.
Kusukela ngo-1958, u-Miss Beston, njengoba ayebizwa kanjalo ngothando, wahlela cishe zonke izinto ze-Bacon zansuku zonke phakathi neminyaka yakhe ephumelele kakhulu, enakekela ukukhokha izikweletu zakhe, ukuhlela isimiso sakhe, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indlu yakhe igcinwa ihlanzekile, futhi ukwazi ukumgcina. emsebenzini, ozinikele ekudwebeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wayeqikelela ukuthi amaseyili akhe angangeni emgqonyeni kadoti, ngoba ngezinye izikhathi wayewacekela phansi.
Kungani umsebenzi wakho ubalulekile?
Le ngcweti emangalisayo yaletha umfutho omusha wemizwa emifanekisweni ayipendayo, ebonisa abantu bakhe, kungaba abangane bakhe, amamodeli, noma abantu basenganekwaneni, njengesixuku esisontekile, esinyama, esisabekayo, nesivezwe ngokomzwelo.
Wazama ukuveza ubunkimbinkimbi obungemuva kobuso bomuntu, amandla, ukuhlupheka kanye nenjabulo. Izibalo ezithi ngezitho zazo ezifiphele futhi ezihlanekezelwe zembula izifiso eziyinhloko, mhlawumbe ngenxa yalesi sizathu emikhiqizweni yakhe ngeminyaka yawo-XNUMX, ukumelwa kwezinkawu namadoda ngokuvamile kuvame ukufana okuqinile komunye nomunye.
Empilweni yakhe kanye nobuciko bakhe, umdwebi uFrancis Bacon wahlanganisa futhi wadla ngokweqisa, ehumushela ezithombeni ezibonakalayo ukushuba kwazo okukhombisa ukuthi kungumkhiqizo wempilo ephilwa onqenqemeni.
Izindikimba zemisebenzi yakhe
Umdwebi uFrancis Bacon wayenobuhlakani obusha futhi enesitayela esinamandla somsebenzi, kodwa njengoba sesibonile ngaphambili, wayenokubikezela okuthile ngezindikimba ezithile ukuze enze imisebenzi yakhe, ngokungangabazeki okwamnika impumelelo enkulu. Lokhu kubandakanya:
Ukubethelwa
Izithombe zokubethelwa zinesisindo esikhulu emsebenzini kaFrancis Bacon, njengoba noma iyiphi inombolo yemizwa nemizwelo ingalenga futhi icabange ngakho. Yindawo lapho kulimala khona umzimba kumuntu oyedwa futhi abanye babuthane ukuze babukele, bahlole izindawo ezithile zokuziphatha komuntu.
Lesi sihloko sasiphindaphinda emisebenzini yakhe yokuqala, lapho eqala ukudweba ngokungathí sina, lapho eseneminyaka engama-30 ubudala. Cishe ngo-1933, u-Eric Hall wamgunyaza ochungechungeni lwemidwebo emithathu esekelwe endikimbeni, imidwebo yokuqala ithonywa abahlaziyi bokuqala abafana noMatthias Grünewald, u-Diego Velázquez kanye no-Rembrandt. Futhi okwemisebenzi kaPicasso kusukela ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engamashumi amabili kanye nasekuqaleni kweminyaka engamashumi amathathu.
obaba
Ecaphuna ingxenye enkulu yesithombe sika-Velázquez esidumile sika-1650 sikaPapa Innocent X, manje oseDoria Pamphili Gallery eRome, uchungechunge lwamaPope lukaBacon luyizithombe ezimangalisayo ezakha imidwebo esezivele itholakale emisebenzini yakhe yangaphambili, njenge Ucwaningo lwezibalo ezintathu phansi kokubethelwa nanjengomlomo ovulekile omemezayo.
Izibalo zopapa, ezihlukaniswe ngokomfanekiso ngemigqa ehambisanayo egobile ingxenye ebonisa amandla namandla angaphakathi, zihlukile futhi zibonakala zihlukanisiwe nokumelwa kwazo kwasekuqaleni, zisemsebenzini ziphucwe amandla azo futhi ziyisingathekiso sesintu esihluphekayo.
izibalo ezihlezi
Imidwebo eminingi ye-Bacon phakathi kwezakhamuzi zayo inezibalo ezihlezi, zodwa noma ngama-triptych, lapho ziphindaphindwa khona ngokuhlukahluka okuthile. Ukwakheka kwezibalo ezinqunu ikakhulukazi kuthonywa umsebenzi oqoshiwe ka-Michelangelo kanye nezigaba eziningi zokuhumusha kwakhe ezingase zisetshenziswe kumamodeli ezithombeni, kuyinkomba ye-chronophotography ka-Eadweard Muybridge.
umlomo omemezayo
Ngokuyinhloko igqugquzelwe ifilimu ethule ka-Sergei Eisenstein ka-1925 ethi The Battleship Potemkin iyi-motif ephindaphindayo emisebenzini eminingi kaBacon ngasekupheleni kwawo-1940 nasekuqaleni kwawo-1950. Nokho, ezinye izinhlobo zemilomo eklabalasayo zagqugquzelwa yimithombo ehlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nezincwadi zezokwelapha kanye nezincwadi zezokwelapha. imisebenzi kaMatthias Grünewald, ngaphezu kwezithombe ezimile zomhlengikazi eZinyathelweni ze-Odessa.
U-Bacon wabona ifilimu ethi The Battleship Potemkin ngo-1935 futhi useyibuke kaningi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, egcina isithombe esimile sesigameko estudiyo sakhe, esabonisa ukuvala kwekhanda lomhlengikazi liklabalasa ngenxa yokwethuka nokwesaba, izibuko eziphukile zilenga ubuso bakhe obugcwele igazi. Isithombe abhekisela kuso kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe, esisebenzisa njengomthombo wogqozi.
U-Francis Bacon uchaze umlomo oklabalasayo njengembangela yomsebenzi wakhe futhi wahlanganisa nesimo sawo lapho ependa i-chimera. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-motif kungabonakala komunye wemisebenzi yakhe yokuqala esaphila, i-Abstraction of the Human Form.
Kuyabonakala ukuthi ekuqaleni kwawo-1950 kwaba yinto ekhathazayo futhi mhlawumbe uma umbukeli engachaza ngempela umsuka nomthelela walokhu kukhala, bangase basondele ekuqondeni bonke lobu buciko balo mdwebi.
Imisebenzi ebalulekile yomdwebi uFrancis Bacon
Kusukela ku-studio sakhe esincane saseLondon, lapho imithombo yomthombo yayichichima khona, amabhodlela e-champagne nemidwebo yonke indawo, umdwebi uFrancis Bacon uphilise uchungechunge lwemidwebo edabukisayo nenamandla yangekhulunyaka lamashumi amabili. Amakhanvasi akhe aqukethe uchungechunge lwezibalo ezisontekile, ezinezimpawu ezimangalisayo nezihlanekezelwe, ezimelela abantu abavela emhlabeni wenkolo nowobuciko ukuya kubangani nezithandwa ezingalawuliwe.
Umsebenzi wakhe uhlanganisa uchungechunge lokungakhululeki kwamasiko kanye nokukhathazeka kwenkathi yangemva kwempi, kanye namademoni nokuthatheka komdwebi ngokwakhe.
UFrancis Bacon uphilise izithombe nezibalo ezikhombisa ukuthi umphakathi wawulimele ngokumangalisayo futhi uhlukumezeke kanjani ngemva kwempi. Ligqugquzelwe i-surrealism kanye nemithombo efana nesinema, ukuthwebula izithombe nabanye abaculi, iciko liphumelele ukwenza isitayela esihlukile esamenza waba omunye wabahlaziyi abadumile nabathakaselwayo bobuciko bomfanekiso ngeminyaka yawo-XNUMX nawo-XNUMX.
U-Bacon ugxilise amandla akhe esithombeni, ebonisa abaxhasi abavamile bezindawo zokucima ukoma ze-Soho njengezihloko ezihlanekezelwe ngobudlova, cishe amahunk enyama, imiphefumulo engayodwa eboshiwe futhi ehlushwa yizinkinga ezikhona.
Kodwa, abantu abaningi basazibuza ukuthi yayiyini imfihlo yakhe yokudala lezi zithombe nezibalo eziyindida? Yini eyayenza yathakazelisa futhi yamangala? Ngemidwebo ethinta ngokujulile, amandla ayisibabule akhuthazele, futhi asebenza endalini ngemali emba eqolo, ithonya lawo alipheli maduze.
Umdwebi uFrancis Bacon wayeyindoda eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, umsebenzi wayo ubonisa ukungqubuzana kobudlelwane obuqinile, ukulungiswa komlando nobuciko kanye nenani elihle lezenzo ezimbi ayenazo, okwenza amasampula obuciko athakazelisa ngempela:
Ukubethelwa (1933)
I-Crucifixion ingumsebenzi owaletha umdwebi obala emphakathini futhi walandelwa impumelelo enkulu kakhulu yeminyaka yangemva kwempi.
Le triptych kungenzeka ukuthi igqugquzelwe umsebenzi ka-Rembrandt owaziwa kakhulu ngo-1655 i-Le Boeuf écorché (Inkabi Esikhumba Esibomvu), kodwa ithonywe isitayela se-surrealist se-Picasso. Iphinda idale izinhlobo ezintathu zokufa okunodlame, abantu abahluliwe, ababulewe ilele emibhedeni futhi ilenga ibheke phansi.
Ubumhlophe obucwebileyo ohlakeni lomzimba kulo msebenzi bunikeza umoya othile oyisipoki, okhiqiza ukwakheka okuphazamisayo, lapho ubuhlungu nokwesaba kuvezwa khona njengenye yemibono egxilile necindezelayo yomdwebi.
I-Crucifixion, eyenziwe ngo-1933, ilinganisa cishe amasentimitha angu-197,5 x 147 futhi yaboniswa okokuqala ngesikhathi lapho ukudabuka, unya kanye nokwesabeka kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala kwakungabonakali, kubonisa lokho wonke umuntu owaziyo, ukuthi unya nonya lwashintsha kanjani. umhlaba kuze kube phakade.
Ngiyazi ukuthi kubantu benkolo, kumaKristu, ukubethelwa kunencazelo ehluke ngokuphelele. Kodwa njengomuntu ongakholwa, kwakuyisenzo sokuziphatha komuntu komunye.
Umfanekiso ku-Landscape (1945)
I-Figure in a Landscape ingumsebenzi owenziwa ngamafutha kuseyili we-weave engenalutho, okucatshangwa ukuthi ugqugquzelwe isithombe sesithandwa sikaBacon ngaleso sikhathi, u-Eric Hall, egqoke isudi yeflaneli, elele kancane esihlalweni eHyde Park.
Ingxenye enkulu yomzimba ipendwe yaba mnyama, okuphakamisa isikhala, nomlomo ovulekile obonakalayo, othize ufane nomholi enikeza inkulumo futhi okuthiwa ugqugquzelwe izithombe zamaNazi ekhuluma nabalandeli bawo. Lesi sithombe esizungezwe indawo yokufundisa sibonisa umehluko omkhulu phakathi kodlame nolaka kanye neqiniso lansuku zonke leciko.
Ukudweba (1946)
Izithombe ezinezingqimba zalo mdwebo oyimpicabadala ziyahlangana, ziwenze ubukeke kabi. Kuyamangaza ukwazisa kusuka phezulu, amaphiko anwetshiwe ohlaka lwenyoni olubonakala luhlala phezu kwesidumbu esilengayo, le motif yokugcina yathonywa, njengokubethelwa ngo-1933, ngemisebenzi kaRembrandt.
Ngaphambili, indoda egqoke kahle ngaphansi kwesambulela ihlala endaweni eyisiyingi engahlotshiswa ngamathambo engeziwe kanye nesinye isidumbu. Ukwakhiwa okungavamile kwalo msebenzi, okufana nekholaji, kuveza indlela ye-Bacon yalo mdwebo. Kwakumane kube yingozi, ngoba wayefuna kuphela ukwenza kabusha isithombe senyoni ehlezi ensimini, umdwebi wayezothi kamuva.
Lamafutha kanye ne-pastel yelineni, abhalwe ngumdali wawo njengochungechunge lwezingozi ezanqwabelana futhi nakuba kungenzeka ukuthi zazihlotshaniswa ngandlela thize namafomu amathathu angaphambili, imigqa ayidwebayo iphakamisa okuthile okuhluke ngokuphelele futhi kanjalo. isithombe saphakanyiswa ngendlela ehluke ngokuphelele.
Umdwebi uveze ukuthi inhloso yakhe bekungekona ukwenza le filimu exakile, akakaze ayicabange kanjalo, kuvele kwenzeka. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngamabomu noma cha, kwakuwumsebenzi, njengabanye abaningi bakaBacon, owadala ukulindela okukhulu nokunyakaza.
Izifundo Ezintathu Zezibalo Esisekelweni Sokubethelwa (1944)
Lo msebenzi umane unikeze uBacon isithunzi maphakathi nawo-1940 futhi ukhombisa ukubaluleka kwe-biomorphic surrealism ekwakheni isitayela sakhe sakuqala. I-triptych yesitayela se-surrealist, ekala amasentimitha angu-74 x 94 ngephaneli ngayinye.
Kungenzeka ukuthi ekuqaleni wayehlose ukuhlanganisa lezi zibalo ekubethelweni, kodwa ukubhekisela kwakhe esisekelweni salo mbhalo kubonisa ukuthi wayezibona njengengxenye ye-predella. Imizimba esontekile nehlanekezelwe yenziwa ukuthi yesabe kakhulu yizimo zayo zabantu ezingajwayelekile, ezibonakala zifinyelela kubabukeli ngobuhlungu nomoya wobuhlungu nokuncenga.
Lezi zibalo zisekelwe kumaFuries, onkulunkulukazi bempindiselo basezinganekwaneni zamaGreki abafeza indima ebalulekile kuyi-Oresteia, inhlekelele enezingxenye ezintathu ka-Aeschylus, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi uBacon wakhangwa izihloko zalo mdlalo zecala nokuthatheka. . Lesi siqeshana esimangalisayo saba nomthelela ngokujulile nangokunamandla ezithombeni zomzimba kubuciko bangemva kwempi yaseBrithani.
Ukufundwa kwesithombe sikaPapa Innocent X nguVelázquez (1953)
Nakuba isibalo esikulo mfanekiso sisuka esithombeni sikaPapa Innocent X sango-1650 somculi u-Diego Velázquez, umdwebi u-Francis Bacon ugweme ukubona umdwebo wokuqala, encamela ukusebenza ekwenziweni kabusha. Wembula uhlaka olumise okwekheji oluzungeza isithombe esenza uPhapha samuntu, futhi ethula ukuxubha okuma mpo ebusweni bomdwebo, into ayichaze njengekhethini, ehlobanisa isibalo nento eyigugu edinga indawo evikelekile.
Nokho, imivimbo ewumugqa iyasilimaza isithombe futhi ifana nemigoqo yejele kunekhethini. Imigqa icishe ibonakale idlidliza futhi imithunzi ehambisanayo yobunsomi nephuzi yengeza ukushuba kokwakheka.
Umdwebi uFrancis Bacon wayengeyena umuntu ohlobene nobuKhrestu, akakaze azibheke njengenkolo, nokho, umsebenzi wakhe ukhombisa ukukhangwa yizimpawu ezinjengokubethelwa esiphambanweni kanye noPapa, edonsa ugqozi kubo ukuze abonise imizwa nemizwa eminingi.
Ngobuso obuguqukile kanye nokuklabalasa okudumile, umdwebi uyaqinisekisa ukuthi kwakungeyona indlela abeyifuna ngayo, kunalokho wacabanga into efana nokushona kwelanga kwe-Monet. Nokho, isenzo sakhe esiyindida esigcwele unya sibonisa okuthile okuhle nokuzolile ngokungenakuphikwa.
Lo mdwebo we-Bacon unaleso sitayela esihehayo sokubonisa izihloko ezinyantisayo ngendlela ezenza zihambisane namasaluni kanokusho lapho eziningi zazo zilenga khona. Lo mdwebo kawoyela ongu-153 x 118 centimeter, ogama lawo langempela lingu Ukufunda ngemva kwesithombe sika-Velázquez sikaPapa Innocent X, okwamanje kukhonjiswa emnyuziyamu I-Des Moines Art Center, Iowa (United States).
Isithombe sikaGeorge Dyer esibukweni (1968)
Umdwebi uFrancis Bacon wayeneminyaka engu-60 ubudala lapho ehlangana noGeorge Dyer osemusha, ubuhlobo, nakuba bothando, buhlale bunesitayela esiningi sendodana, njengoba uDyer ehlala edinga ukunakwa nokuqinisekiswa.
Ekhuthazwa yizithombe zika-Picasso zamaphakathi nekhulu lama-XNUMX, umdwebi wase-Ireland ukwazile ukuthwebula ngokumangalisayo ukungqubuzana kwangaphakathi kwalo muntu, owayengumlingani wakhe onomzwelo iminyaka eminingi. Umsebenzi ubonisa uGeorge Dyer, ehlezi esihlalweni esijikelezayo, esibhekene nesibuko efenisha ngendlela ethile kakhulu.
Isithombe esinomzimba waso osontekile nobuso obuvezwa esibukweni sihlukaniswa sibe izingxenye ezimbili yisikhala sokukhanya, kodwa lokhu namanje akukhathazwa ukuhlanekezelwa okufanayo, njengoba zombili izingcezu zokubonisa ndawonye zinganikeza isithombe esingokoqobo somuntu. Lawa mafutha ku-canvas angaba ngu-200 cm × 150 amasentimitha, isihloko sakhe sokuqala Isithombe sikaGeorge Dyer esibukweni Okwamanje ayingxenye yeqoqo eliyimfihlo.
Isithombe sikaGeorge Dyer ekhuluma (1968)
Isithombe sika-George Dyer Talking siye sanciphisa imibala uma siqhathaniswa neminye imisebenzi, nakuba okugqamile okubomvu nokuluhlaza kusikisela emzabalazweni wangaphakathi, mhlawumbe okubonisa ukuba umlutha wezidakamizwa notshwala impilo yonke ka-George Dyer. Ukwenezela emibaleni, umfanekiso opendiwe obheke phansi kwalasha ophakathi nendawo mhlawumbe uwukubonakaliswa okungcono kakhulu kwalokho kuhlushwa.
Umsebenzi unendlu kaGeorge Dyer ehlezi esitulweni esiphendukayo, esifana nalezo ezisehhovisi ekamelweni elinemibala, ebonisa umzimba nobuso obusontekile, njengohlobo oluthile lwe-contortionist. Izitho ezingezansi ziphambana ngokuqinile futhi ikhanda libonakala lisohlaka. Lo mfanekiso womuntu ungaphansi kwesibani esilengayo sodwa futhi ezinyaweni zakhe kubonakala amaqabunga alahliwe ahlakazekile ngakuye. Umzimba wesithombe umi ngaphambili nangemuva,
Izibalo ezimbili (1953)
Ngenxa yezincazelo zawo zobungqingili, umbukiso wokuqala we-Two Figures ubangele isiyaluyalu. Ugqugquzelwe imidwebo ye-anatomical kanye nesithombe sokunyakaza sika-Eadweard Muybridge, umdwebo uwukuhlola umzimba osebenzayo, ngokumelwa kwesenzo somzimba sothando. Izibalo ezimbili eziphothene embhedeni zimbozwe "ikhethini" elinemigqa elenziwe umdwebi uFrancis Bacon, elithikameza ngandlela thize ukubuka futhi lithuthukise ukunyakaza kwezibalo.
Nokho, naphezu kokumelela isenzo somzimba sothando, kuwumsebenzi ongaluvusi neze uthando olungase lwenzeke ngobusuku obuthile, imibala ethize emnyama isenza sicabange ngesikhathi esibi.
Abaningi bahumusha lo msebenzi njengokusho lokho okucatshangwa ukuthi ukunambitheka komculi, okungenzeka kungenxa yonya akhulele kulo. Kwakuvamile ukuthi eminye imidwebo ibonise ukuhlukumeza ayevezwe kukho ebudlelwaneni bakhe obunonya. Lawa mafutha akukhanvasi ayingxenye yeqoqo langasese e-London.
Heads Series (1948 -1949)
Phakathi kweminyaka ka-1948 no-1949, umdwebi uFrancis Bacon wafunda ngokujulile futhi wadala iqembu lemidwebo eyisithupha eyaziwa ngokuthi uchungechunge. Izinhloko (Heads), ebeka eminye yale ikakhulukazi phakathi kwemisebenzi yeciko ebaluleke kakhulu neyivelakancane, okuwuchungechunge olwabeka isisekelo sokuhlola kwakhe okuningi kwesithombe emashumini eminyaka ezayo.
Yonke ifana ngosayizi futhi inombala ofanayo wombala ompunga nokumhlophe, le misebenzi yadala isiyaluyalu, kangangokuthi i-Head III, eyakhiwa ngo-1949, yathengiswa endalini ngo-£10,442,500 ngo-2013, okuyirekhodi lomhlaba lamanje umsebenzi weBacon kusukela ngawo-XNUMX.
Ingxenye yesibili yale minyaka eyishumi imele ushintsho olubalulekile ekuqaphelisweni komhlaba wonke komdwebi, ukuqala ukubambisana okuphumelelayo no-Erica Brausen, umnikazi we-Hanover Gallery. Umnikazi wegalari yaseLondon wanikela ngomsebenzi womdwebi ku-Alfred Barr weMuseum of Modern Art eNew York ngo-1948, ongathathwa njengesiqalo esihle kakhulu somsebenzi wakhe womhlaba.
Umbukiso wokuqala we-solo wenziwa e-Hannover Gallery ngemva nje konyaka, ngoNovemba 1949, nalolu chungechunge olubalulekile lwamakhanda ayisithupha. Ukuthola ukubuyekezwa okuhle kakhulu komculi, owayembheka njengomunye wabaculi abanamandla kakhulu eYurophu.
Isifundo se-Crouching Nude (1952)
Funda Ukuqoshama Unqunu Kungumsebenzi owenziwe ngamafutha nesihlabathi kukhanvasi, okala amasentimitha angu-198,1 x 137,2 futhi okwamanje uku-e.I-Detroit Institute of Arts.
Umthelela ofana nebha uhlukanisa oboshiwe nesibukeli esinelukuluku, isigcawu esibonakala sikhonjiswa ngaphakathi kwezindonga zengilazi ezicatshangelwayo esidala i-aura yokuminyanisa, mhlawumbe ehlobene abaningi nesimo se-asthmatic somculi.
Imithombo egqugquzele izithombe zika-Bacon ihluke ngokumangalisayo, okuhlanganisa nefilimu emile ka-Eisenstein, izigcawu zasenkantolo ka-Velázquez, nemibhalo kaJoyce enyakazayo, kanye nezincwadi zezokwelapha.
Kodwa nge-Study for Crouching Nude ekhiqizwa entwasahlobo ka-1952, kungenzeka ukuthi wathatha imibono ethile kuma-tabloids kanye nokuhlolwa kwezithombe ezinyakazayo zomthwebuli wezithombe waseBrithani nomcwaningi, u-Eadweard Muybridge. Umsebenzi obonisa isibalo esimi entweni ethile ungase uthathwe kokuthi The Man Jumping Up, yilo Briton.
Umdwebo wethulwa okokuqala ku Okuthrendayo Kwakamuva Kokupenda Kweqiniso, eyahlelwa uRobert Melville noDavid Sylvester, e-Institute of Contemporary Art, eLondon, ngo-1952.
Izibalo ezintathu ekamelweni (1964)
Kungumsebenzi owenziwe ngamaphaneli amathathu apendwe ngamafutha angaba ngu-198 × 147 amasentimitha, akha elinye lama-triptych akhe adumile. Kulo msebenzi, ubonisa isithandwa sakhe uGeorge Dyer njengesibonelo sokuqala, kodwa bekungeke kube okokugcina. Dyer umdwebi uFrancis Bacon ahlangana naye ngo-1963 kwaba isihloko semidwebo yakhe eminingi.
En Abantu Abathathu Egunjini ubonisa futhi isithakazelo sakhe esihlala njalo ekuboniseni isihloko esivela ezinhlangothini ezahlukene, ngoba ngisho nalapho senziwe ngamaseyili amathathu ahlukene, umdwebo ngamunye unobukhulu obufanayo, uqokomisa i-elliptical floor ensundu, izindonga ngethoni ephuzi kanye nokuba khona kwemodeli eyodwa leyo. iphindwe kuphaneli ngayinye, enezindawo ezigwegwile.
Umsebenzi kucatshangwa ukuthi ugqugquzelwe imithombo ehlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa umdwebo by Edgar Degas, the Owesifazane oma ngemva kokugeza (Ngemva Kokugeza, Owesifazane Uyazomisa), e I-Belvedere Torso. Izithombe zikaMichelangelo eMedici Chapel kanye Abageza ngofudu nguHenri Matisse.
Izibalo Ezithathu Egunjini, zathengwa uhulumeni waseFrance ngasekupheleni kwawo-1976 futhi beziyingxenye yeqoqo le-Center Georges Pompidou kusukela ngo-XNUMX.
Uma ngabe lesi sihloko besithakasela wena, sikumema ukuthi ubheke ezinye izixhumanisi ezingaba wusizo kakhulu: