Iyini iCentral de Abastos yaseMexico City?

¿Siyini isikhungo sokuhlinzeka yaseMexico City Yini umsebenzi wayo?Ingabe isiza umnotho waseMexico? Sikumema ukuthi wazi lonke lolu lwazi esihlokweni esilandelayo, kanye nolunye ulwazi okufanele ulukhumbule uma ufuna ukungena kule makethe enkulu.

Siyini isikhungo sokuhlinzeka?

Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-CEDA, iyimakethe yezitolo nezitolo ezinkulu etholakala eMexico City, ikakhulukazi ehhovisi likameya wase-Iztapalapa, lapho ungathola khona igrosa, imidumba, imifino, inyama, ukudla kwasolwandle, igrosa, izithelo, izimbali, izinkukhu, inhlanzi kanye namahlamvu. uhlobo olukhulu.

Namuhla, ikwazile ukuba yindawo yesibili ngokugeleza kwemali enkulu kunazo zonke eMexico, ngemuva kwe-Mexican Stock Exchange, ngaphezu kokuba imakethe enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.

I-CEBA noma isikhungo sokuhlinzeka nge-Mexico City sitholakala ekuhlukaniseni izindlela ze-Eje 4 Oriente Canal Río Churubusco, Eje 5 Sur Leyes de Reforma, Eje 5 Oriente Lic. Javier Rojo Gómez kanye ne-Eje 6 Sur Social Workers, Ngaphezu kwalokho, eduze kweziteshi ze-Aculco kanye ne-Apatalco zomzila wesitimela ongaphansi kwesishiyagalombili.

Ezindaweni ezizungezile kukhona futhi imigqa noma imizila yezokuthutha yangasese engaphezu kwama-27, imizila emihlanu yezokuthutha zomphakathi kanye nesitobhi se-trolleybus.

Umsuka nomlando weCentral de Abastos de México

Kusukela ngekhulu le-XNUMX, iDolobha laseMexico liye laba esinye sezikhungo zezentengiselwano eziyinhloko kuleli zwe, ligxile kwezohwebo ezindaweni ezincane zomphakathi ezisakazwa kuyo yonke indawo, ezibizwa ngokuthi izimakethe. Konke lokhu kuhweba kwaqala esigcawini esikhulu saseMexico-Tlatelolco, lapho uhulumeni waseMexico wafakwa khona ngemva kokunqotshwa futhi kusukela lapho kwaqala khona ukuphathwa kwabanqobi baseSpain, eNew Spain.

Wonke lowo msebenzi wezohwebo wenani elikhulu lomkhiqizo wawuqondiswe kumalungu akha i-Consulate of Merchants yase-Mexico, eyaqala eMercado del Parián de México futhi kamuva yasuka e-Mercado de la Plaza del Volador, ukulawula ekuhwebeni kwe-Viceroyalty. .

Lapho i-Independence yaseMexico ifika, phakathi nekhulu le-XNUMX, i-consulate yaqala ukulahlekelwa ukulawula ngenxa yemithetho eyasungulwa yiRiphabhulikhi entsha yaseMexico, iMercado de Volador idlulwa, ngenxa yokwanda okumangalisayo kwezohwebo okwakuvela empumalanga yezwe. izwe.

Kwaba yilapho izindawo zokuhweba ezincane ziqala ukubonakala e-La Merced nalapho umkhiqizi ayengatholakala khona ukuze athengiselwe ukudayisa noma ukudayisa. Kodwa-ke, ngayinye yalezi zitolo zaqala ukutholakala emigwaqweni ngokusho kohlobo lwezinto ezinikezwayo, okudala umthelela omkhulu esikweni lezenhlalakahle lezakhamuzi kanye nokudalwa kobuzalwane obuhlukene noma ubuzalwane bokulawula imakethe.

Izindawo ezingomakhelwane?

Kulapho izindawo ezingomakhelwane ezingochwepheshe ziqala ukwaziwa, okuthi, njengoba negama labo lisho, kwakuyimigwaqo noma amaqembu ezitolo ayezohlinzeka ngemikhiqizo yenkanyezi efanayo.

Isibonelo esihle yiCalzada de la Viga, eyaqala njengesitolo esidayisa ukudla kwasolwandle nezinhlanzi, yabe isiqala ngemifino, imifino, izimbali nezithelo ezivela eCuernavaca noma eXochimilco nalabo abasebenzisa iCanal de la Viga ukuze bakwazi ukunyakaza. ngalapho uya khona.

Ngale ndlela, yaba ngesinye sezikhungo zezohwebo ezibaluleke kakhulu ezweni, edala ithuba elikhulu lezomnotho ngisho nokufika kwabantu abavela empumalanga.

Ukudalwa kwesikhungo sokuqala sokuthenga

Ngo-1923, isikhungo sokuqala sokuthenga sakhiwa kule ndawo, ezindaweni ezidiliziwe ze-Merced Convention. Idalwe ngenhloso yokukwazi ukuthola endaweni, abathengisi ababehlakazekile emigwaqweni hhayi kakhulu ukuthola intuthuko ebalulekile yezomnotho.

Kamuva, ngo-1957, kwavulwa i-Merced Central Market, eyayinezindawo zokugcina izimpahla ezimbili ezicishe zibe yizinkulungwane ezingama-88 square metres futhi eyayinezindleko zama-peso ayizigidi ezingama-75 ukugxilisa inani elikhulu labathengisi bezitolo endaweni.

Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokukhula i-Mexico City eyabhekana nakho ngekhulu le-XNUMX, imakethe ye-Merced yaba isikhungo sezentengiselwano sokudayisa kanye nempahla edayiswayo ngokuvamile, ikhulisa inani lokuthutha abagibeli nempahla ukuze ikwazi ukuthobela ukunikezwa.

Lokhu kukhula kuphinde kwadala ukusungulwa kohlelo lokuhlelwa kabusha kwedolobha nguhulumeni waseMexico, ukuhlanganisa zonke izinsiza kanye nokuklama imizila emisha esebenzayo yokuhamba kwezakhamuzi.

Isisekelo sokuklama kweSikhungo Sokunikezela saseMexico City

Ngokusekelwe ekwakhiweni lapho indawo engaphansi kwedolobha yayiyisici esiyinhloko futhi yaba nethuba lokukhiqiza uketshezi lokujikeleza kwamaloli, umakhi u-Abraham Zabludovsky wayephethe ukudala iphrojekthi ezobhekana nazo zonke izidingo ezikhona, eChinampera. indawo..

Kodwa-ke, ukukhethwa kwale ndawo kubangele ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kubavikeli bemvelo kanye ne-ecosystem, ngakho-ke bagcina sebeklama ukwakhiwa ngendlela yepholigoni eyi-hexagonal ekhubazekile, ene-eksisi ecishe ibe ngamamitha ayi-2250 futhi okuphuma kwayo nokungenela kwakutholakala iziphetho zokwakha. Njengoba le ndawo ebiyelwe bekuhloswe ngayo ukuthenga izinto ezinkulu, ibizijwayele ngokukhethekile izindawo zokugcina izimpahla, amabhange, izindawo zamaphoyisa nokunye okuningi.

Ukwakhiwa kwayo kwaqala ngo-March 1981 futhi kwaphela ngo-November 24, 1982, ngokumiswa kukaMongameli uJosé López Portillo, nokho, umsebenzi wayo wenziwa kancane kancane.

Ngo-1990, izitolo ezihlukahlukene zemifino negrosa zakwazi ukugcwala. Ngekhulu lama-XNUMX, ukudluliselwa nokudayiswa kwemikhiqizo yenyama, ukudla kwasolwandle, izinkukhu nezinhlanzi kwaqala, lokhu kungenye yezinqubo ezingapheli namuhla.

Izici zesikhungo sokuhlinzeka

• Inendawo engamahektha angama-327, esatshalaliswe ukugcina amathani okudla angaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyi-120 kanye namathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-30 adayiswayo.
• Ungathola inani elikhulu lemikhiqizo yezitshalo nezilwane, phakathi kokunye.
• Ivakashelwa abantu abangaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-300 nsuku zonke.
• Kunabasebenzi ababalelwa ku-70 kuyo yonke imakethe.
• Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo, ilandelwa yiMakethe yaseRungis eFrance (amahektha angama-232) kanye neMercaMadrid eseSpain ngamahektha angu-176.
• Imifino nezithelo kunezindawo zokugcina izimpahla eziyi-1881, izibonelelo negrosa enezindawo zokugcina izinto ezingama-338, ngaphezu kwezindawo zokuthengisa eziyi-1489.
• Phakathi kwezakhiwo zezentengiselwano kukhona: elondolo, amabhange, izindawo zokudlela, ubuhle, izitolo zehardware, phakathi kwabanye.
• Inendawo yokudayisa.
• Iphrofayili yabathengisi abaningi kule makethe igxile kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-25 nengama-44 ubudala, izinga labo lemfundo elingadluli esikoleni esiphakeme kodwa abanamakhono amahle ebhizinisi.
• Inohlelo lokugaywa kabusha kwamabhokisi, ukhuni nepulasitiki.
• Inendawo yobusuku obubodwa ecishe ibe amahektha angu-5.1, eklanyelwe ukupaka amaloli ezimpahla angu-424, indawo yokugcina impahla eshisayo, kanye nezinsiza eziyisisekelo zabashayeli bamaloli nabasizi.

Inhlangano yesikhungo sokuhlinzeka saseMexico City

I-central de abastos yase-Mexico City inezindawo zokugcina izimpahla ezingamamitha amahlanu ububanzi namamitha angamashumi amabili ubude, ingaphambili layo linqamula umhubhe wabahamba ngezinyawo ngasentshonalanga, le ndawo yilapho abathengi bengasuka endaweni eyodwa baye kwenye ngaphandle kwemingcele.

Olunye uhlangothi lunqamula amapulatifomu ukuze kube lula ukuthulula nokulayishwa kwezinto ezithengiswayo, avuleke ngokuphelele ukuze abeke ama-trailer amabili ku-cubicle ngayinye, ngaphandle kwengozi yokuphazamisa noma ubani.

Imigudu yabahamba ngezinyawo ibhoda imigqa emibili yezindawo zokugcina izimpahla, ezisohlangothini ngalunye lwazo futhi zikhonjwa njengendawo yokugcina impahla esenyakatho neseningizimu, ephelezelwa uhlamvu lwezinhlamvu. Ukwengeza, ngayinye yalezi zindawo zewayini inenombolo ekhomba indawo.

Phakathi kwenkundla ngayinye, amaphasishi ngokuvamile axhunywa ngamabhuloho futhi aziwa kakhulu ngengozi ekhona nge-diableros.

Izinhlamvu ezidumile ze-CEDA

Esinye sezici eziphawulekayo isikhungo esinaso ezivakashini, ngokungangabazeki abantu esingabathola ezikhungweni zaso:

• Abanikazi, abenzi bewayini noma abaphathi bezindawo ezikhiqiza iwayini: Babophezelekile ku-cubicle ngayinye kanye nemikhiqizo abayinikeza amakhasimende.
• Amashaja noma aziwa kangcono ngokuthi i-diableros: Omunye wabalingiswa ababaluleke kakhulu abatholakala kulezi zikhungo, ngoba ngosizo lwamabhala noma amademoni, bayakwazi ukuthutha noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuthengisa. Badabuka endaweni yakwaMerced, izinkontileka zabo zenziwa endaweni yokugcina izimpahla yakwaDiablo, lapho kwenziwa khona inqubo yokubanikeza umazisi kanye nemvume yokusebenzisa ibhala.
• Amantombazane e-trolley: Ngokuvamile kungabantu abasha noma abesifazane abahamba ngezinqola zasezitolo ezinkulu ukuze bakwazi ukuthutha ikhofi, isinkwa, iziphuzo ezibandayo, itiye, phakathi kokunye ukudla. Banomfaniswano ogqamile wokwandisa ukuthengiswa, nokho-ke, le mpahla ivame ukugxekwa ngobudlelwano bayo nobufebe bezingane nabantu abadala.
• Abasebenzi be-Federal Electricity Commission: Ezizinikele ekugcineni izinsiza zikagesi zalesi sikhungo, zifeza imisebenzi yehhovisi lesikhungo le-Light and Power.

Ubani ophethe i-CEDA?

Ngomhla ziyisi-7 kuJulayi, 1981, kwasungulwa i-Central Supply Trust yase-Mexico City, esebenza iminyaka engu-99 ngokoMthetho Ojwayelekile Wezihloko Nokusebenza Kwezikweletu. Lokhu kuthembana kwakhiwe uMnyango Wezokuthuthukiswa Komnotho, Uhulumeni Wesifunda Sikahulumeni, i-Banco Santander, phakathi kwabanye ababambi qhaza.

Ukwengeza, ibuswa Umgwamanda Kahulumeni we-Central de Abasto, eyakhiwe IKomidi Elididiyelwe Lokusabalalisa Kwezobuchwepheshe Nesikhwama, abamele imikhakha yomphakathi nezizimele zohulumeni basekhaya nohulumeni basekhaya.

Isibalo senhloko kaHulumeni weSifunda Sesifunda sinesibopho sokuqondisa i-CEDA, ngaphezu kwalokho okugunyaza isabelomali sezindleko nemali engenayo ye-trust, ukuziphatha, ukuguqulwa kanye nemiphumela, kanye nokuvunyelwa kwamaphrojekthi. , imithethonqubo yokusebenza namanye amakhono.

Naphezu kwalokhu, i-CEDA inomqondisi jikelele, oqokwe yinhloko kahulumeni weSifunda Sesifunda futhi okhethwe ngamavoti ekomidini lezobuchwepheshe.

Zonke lezi zibalo zomthwalo wemfanelo kanye nokuvikelwa kwe-Central de Abasto, zaphela ngoJulayi 2002, ngemuva kokuqala kokwenziwa kwangasese kwalesi sikhungo, kukhethwa abaphathi abazogcina izikhungo zisebenza.

Iyini inhloso jikelele yokuphatha i-CEDA?

Lokhu kuphatha kunenjongo eyisisekelo yokuhlela, ukuxhumanisa kanye nokuqapha ukungasebenzi kwemisebenzi ehlobene nokuphathwa kwezimali kwezinsizakusebenza zabantu kanye nezinto ezibonakalayo iCentral de Abasto de México enazo, kanye nokugcinwa nokunakekelwa kwezokuphepha, ingqalasizinda nokuvikelwa. ongaziwa ngaphakathi kwesikhungo.

Kodwa-ke, ukukhula ngesivinini kwesibalo sabantu kudale ukwanda kwenkonzo ezikhungweni ze-CEDA, okudlula umthamo wesikhungo nokukhiqiza ukushoda kwezidingongqangi zokwanelisa isidingo esishiwo kanye nokukwazi ukubona inqwaba kadoti ezikhungweni. .

Ingabe isikhungo sokunikezela ngempahla saseMexico City sesiphenduke igalari yobuciko yasemadolobheni?

Ngocingo olwenziwe kumaciko asemadolobheni angama-31 ngo-2017, iCentral de Abastos yaseMexico City yaba ukhanvasi omuhle we-"Central de Paredes". Iphrojekthi eholwa yi-We Do Things Civil Association idaliwe, kanye no-Irma Macedo kanye no-Itze González, isiphakamiso sobuciko sobuciko basemadolobheni, ezindongeni ezinkulu ezizungeze izakhiwo.

Ngokungafani nezinkolelo ezikhona kulobu buciko, imidwebo yasodongeni ifuna indlela yokwakha kabusha indawo yezenhlalo yedolobha elinamahektha angama-327 futhi lapho idlula khona, ngaphezu kuka-80% wokudla okudla izakhamuzi zaseMexico nsuku zonke.

Ngaphezu kokuba yindlela yokuvimbela ubugebengu nodlame ngokusebenzisa imigqa yokufundisa efana nokuphilisana, ukuthula kanye nokusondelana kwemiphakathi, umhlaba nokudla, ivumela ukubamba izindonga ezilahliwe zezakhiwo, imisebenzi ephefumulelwe isiko laseMexico, imikhiqizo yaseMexico. umhlaba futhi ubambe ngendlela ethile ukuthi uyini umuntu waseMexico.

Kodwa lesi siphakamiso akulona nje ithuba lokwakha kabusha noma lokuhlobisa i-facade ye-CEDA noma ukunikezwa okuphakathi kweMexico City, kodwa futhi kuyithuba eliyingqayizivele lokuheha inani elikhulu labavakashi endaweni.

Isikhungo sokuphakela saseMexico City kwezokuvakasha

I-Mexico City ibingenye yezindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuvakasha emhlabeni iminyaka ethile, futhi ibe yindawo evakashelwa kakhulu kuyo yonke indawo yaseMexico. Inani elikhulu lezindawo zokuvakasha zigxile lapha njengeMnyuziyamu kaFrida Kahlo, imakethe yaseSan Juan, iBasilica yaseGuadalupe, i-Alameda Central, i-wrestling, i-cathedral yedolobha elikhulu, phakathi kwabanye, kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke iCentral de Abasto de Ciudad de Mexico.

Izakhiwo zalokhu kunikezwa okukhulu zikhanga kakhulu izivakashi, ngenxa yenani elikhulu lemikhiqizo abayinikezayo, iphunga lezimbali nezithelo ezintsha, ngaphezu kokukwazi ukuthola imikhiqizo yendabuko ye-gastronomy yaseMexico neyamazwe ngamazwe kunoma yiziphi izindlela zayo. . .

Izincomo okufanele umvakashi azicabangele

• Ukuze ufinyelele kalula ku-CEDA ungathatha izinto zokuhamba zomphakathi, futhi ungene ku-metro line 8 futhi uthathe i-Apatalco noma i-Aculco.
• Eziteshini ze-Apatalco ne-Aculco ungathatha i-CEDAbus ngamapeso ayisithupha, ehlinzeka ngezinhlobo ezimbili zamasekethe angaphakathi, kusukela ngo-5:00 ekuseni kuya ku-19:00 ntambama.
• Kunconywa ukuthi uhambisane nenqola yokuthenga, ngale ndlela uzokwazi ukuhamba ngezikhungo ngokukhululeka nokunethezeka okukhulu, futhi ngeke ube nezandla ezigcwele izikhwama zokuthenga ngaso sonke isikhathi.
• Ukuze ungene ngemoto noma ngetekisi, kufanele ukhokhe amapeso ayi-10 ukuze ungene e-Abasto Centre.
• Lesi sikhungo sivulwa amahora angama-24 ngosuku, izinsuku ezingama-365 ngonyaka. Kodwa uma ufuna ukuvakashela Isikhungo ngokuthula kwengqondo, kuhle uhambe ekuseni, kusukela ngoMsombuluko kuya ngoMgqibelo.
• NgamaSonto, ezinye izitebele zivame ukuvuleka kamuva futhi zivale iminyango yazo kusenesikhathi.
• Kufanele kugqokwe izicathulo nezingubo ezikhululekile.
• Kutuswa ukuba ungahambi phakathi kuka-18:22 p.m. no-22:XNUMX p.m., njengoba phakathi nalesi sikhathi i-Mexico City Supply Center ivala iminyango yayo ukuze umphakathi wenze ukunakekelwa okufanele kwezakhiwo, ngaphezu kweminye imisebenzi yasendaweni. Ngemva kwamahora angu-XNUMX, ungakwazi ukungena ezikhungweni futhi.
• Ngenxa yesimo sokungavikeleki okwenzeka kwa-CEDA, kuyancomeka ukuthi uvikele izinto zakho.

Uma usithandile lesi sihloko, sikumema ukuthi uvakashele futhi ufunde kabanzi mayelana Ukupakishwa Kwesitsha Nokupakishwa en Uhwebo Lwangaphandle, lapho ungathola khona idatha ngayinye efanele ngesihloko, kanye nezinkinga eziyinhloko ekuthuthweni kwempahla.