Ungayibona ngeso lengqondo imnyuziyamu esesimweni somkhumbi? Iqiniso liwukuthi ikhona, futhi iseSweden. Lesi sikhala esiyingqayizivele sinethala lekhulu le-XNUMX elahlengwa ngaphansi kolwandle. Uma unentshisekelo esihlokweni noma ucabanga ukuthatha uhambo oluya eStockholm, ngincoma ukuthi uqhubeke nokufunda.
Kulesi sihloko sizochaza uyini umnyuziyamu omise okwemikhumbi futhi uyini umlando womkhumbi ohlala kuwo. Sizokunikeza nokwaziswa okuwusizo uma kwenzeka ufuna ukuchitha usuku ulivakashele.
Umnyuziyamu omise okwemikhumbi eStockholm
Enhloko-dolobha yaseSweden, iStockholm, singathola imnyuziyamu enelukuluku esesimweni somkhumbi, ebizwa ngokuthi iVasa Museum. Ivelele ngokuhlala komkhumbi wempi okuthiwa i-Vasa, umkhumbi wangekhulu le-XNUMX. Empeleni, Ungumkhumbi ogcinwe kakhulu kusukela ngaleso sikhathi emhlabeni. Iyigugu langempela, njengoba i-98% yezingcezu zayo ingeyokuqala futhi inamakhulu ezithombe eziqoshiwe ezihlukahlukene. Selokhu lo mnyuziyamu wavulwa ngo-1990, usungomunye wezivakashi ezivakashelwa kakhulu eScandinavia. Ngalesi sizathu yanwetshwa phakathi kuka-2011 no-2013.
Ngaphandle kwe-galleon, umnyuziyamu omise okwemikhumbi unemibukiso ehlukene ehlobene nomlando omfushane kodwa omude we-Vasa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inendawo yokudlela ethandwa kakhulu enikezela ngokudla, amakhekhe kanye nokudla okulula. Kukhona nesitolo esigcwele izinto eziningi ngaphakathi emnyuziyamu. Intengo yethikithi ihlanganisa uhambo oluqondisiwe ngesiNgisi, olwenzeka izikhathi ezimbalwa ngosuku. Kubantu abangakhulumi isiNgisi, iziqondiso zomsindo zitholakala ngezilimi ezihlukahlukene, futhi ezinganeni kukhona ifilimu emfushane yezingane evezwa ku-Vasa ngezilimi ezahlukene usuku lonke.
Kungani iVasa yacwila?
Ngonyaka ka-1626 ukwakhiwa kweVasa kwaqala eStockholm, eyathunywa inkosi yaseSweden uGustav Adolf II. Ukwenza lokhu, abesifazane nabesilisa abangaphezu kuka-400 kwadingeka babambe iqhaza. Ekugcineni bakwazi ukwakha umkhumbi oqinile onezinsika ezintathu owawukwazi ukuthwala oseyili abafika kwabayishumi. Yayinobude obungamamitha angu-52 kuyilapho ubude bulingana namamitha angu-69. Lo mkhumbi omkhulu wawunesisindo esingamathani ayi-1200. Bahlomisa iVasa ngezibhamu ezingu-64, okwakuzoyenza ibe indawo evelele ebuthweni lasolwandle laseSweden langaleso sikhathi.
Nokho, eminyakeni emibili ngemva kokuqala kokwakhiwa kwawo, ngo-August 10, 1628, lo mkhumbi omangalisayo wasuka endaweni yomkhumbi eyayingaphansi kweTre Kronor Castle, usuka echwebeni. Ngemva kokuvunguza kaningi, iVasa yagcina itshekile, yavumela amanzi ukuba angene ngamachweba avulekile lapho ombayimbayi belunguza khona. aze acwile. Kwakunabantu ababalelwa ku-150 ababegibele, abangu-30 kubo balahlekelwa izimpilo zabo. Ngokuphathelene neVasa, yayingeke iphinde ikubone ukukhanya kwelanga kwaze kwaba ngemva kweminyaka engu-333.
Kodwa wawungacwiliswa kanjani umkhumbi omkhulu kangaka? Kanjalo, ngekhulu le-XNUMX, izibalo zethiyori zokuzinza kwezikebhe zazingakakwenziwa. Lapho bakha isikebhe, abantu bathembele kokuhlangenwe nakho kwangaphambilini. Lapho befuna ukwethula izinto ezintsha, njengezikhali ezisindayo ezilayishwe ebhethrini eliphindwe kabili endabeni yeVasa, kwakufanele baqale bazame ukubona ukuthi kuhambe kanjani, futhi ngokusho komphumela, balungise ukwakhiwa kwekusasa. Ngakho-ke, isisindo samanzi alo mkhumbi omkhulukazi sasisikhulu kakhulu, yingakho ungakwazanga ukuzilungisa futhi ubuyisele ibhalansi yawo lapho kuvela ukuvunguza komoya.
Imininingwane ewusizo
Uma usohambweni oluya e-Stockholm futhi ungazi ukuthi wenzeni, ukuvakashela le museum emise okwemikhumbi kuyinketho enhle. Ikheli okulo lithi Galärvarvsvägen 14. Ungafinyelela lapho ngezinyawo nangebhayisikili, okungenani usendaweni esondelene kakhulu noma kancane. Ukusuka enkabeni yedolobha kuthatha cishe imizuzu engamashumi amabili ngezinyawo, kanti ngebhayisikili kuthatha cishe eyishumi.
Futhi singahamba ngezithuthi zomphakathi, ikakhulukazi ngebhasi, isikebhe noma ithilamu. Enye indlela ukuhamba ngemoto, nakuba kungase kube nzima ukuthola izindawo zokupaka. Ngokuvamile kuba nezindawo zamahhala emigwaqweni yaseStrandvägen naseNarvavägen nasebhulohweni lase-Djurgårdsbron. Kunezindawo zokupaka ezikhubazekile emnyango omkhulu weVasa Museum.
Uma kwenzeka unquma ukuvakashela le ndawo emangalisayo, kungakuhle ukuthi ungathwali izikhwama ezinkulu kakhulu, ngoba azikho izinketho zemithwalo esele lapho. Futhi, akulimazi ukuba nejezi esandleni, kusukela amazinga okushisa avamise ukuhluka phakathi kuka-18ºC no-20ºC ukuze kugcinwe iVasa ngendlela efanele. Kufanele kushiwo ukuthi kuvunyelwe ukwenza ukuqoshwa kwevidiyo nezithombe, inqobo nje uma kusetshenziselwa ngasese.
Amanani namahora emnyuziyamu asesimweni somkhumbi
Ngaphambi kokuvakashela i-Vasa Museum, kubalulekile ukucabangela amanani namahora. Zombili ziyahlukahluka ngesizini, kodwa abantu abaneminyaka engu-18 nangaphansi bahlale bekhululekile. Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izintengo zokungenela:
- Okthoba kuya ku-Ephreli: 170 kr (okulingana cishe no-€15,75)
- NgoMeyi kuya kuSepthemba: 190 kr (okulingana cishe no-€17,60)
- Ithikithi elihlanganisiwe leVasa neVrak Museum (Maritime Archaeological Museum), isebenza amahora angu-72: 290 kr (okulingana cishe no-€26,85)
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12 kufanele zihlale ziphelezelwa umuntu omdala ngesikhathi sokuvakasha. Futhi, i-Vasa Museum iyimyuziyamu yamahhala. Ungakhokha nge-VISA, American Express, Master Card, Maestro kanye neDiners Club International.
Ngokuqondene ne amashejuli yemnyuziyamu esesimweni sesikebhe, yilezi ezilandelayo:
- Nsuku zonke kusukela ngoJuni kuya ku-Agasti: Kusukela ngo-08: 30 ekuseni kuya ku-18: 00 ntambama
- Nsuku zonke kusukela ngoSepthemba kuya kuMeyi: Kusukela ngo-10:00 a.m. kuya ku-17:00 p.m. (NgoLwesithathu kuze kube u-20:00 p.m.).
- Disemba 31th: Kusukela ngo-10: 00 ekuseni kuya ku-15: 00 ntambama
- Disemba 24 no-25: Kuvaliwe.
Ngaphakathi kweVasa Museum singathola ku-a yokudlela, kodwa ngamahora ahluke kancane:
- Nsuku zonke kusukela ngoJuni kuya ku-Agasti: Kusukela ngo-09: 00 ekuseni kuya ku-17: 30 ntambama
- Nsuku zonke kusukela ngoSepthemba kuya kuMeyi: Kusukela ngo-10: 00 ekuseni kuya ku-16: 00 ntambama
- Disemba 31th: Kusukela ngo-10: 00 ekuseni kuya ku-14: 30 ntambama
- Disemba 24 no-25: Kuvaliwe.
Usuvele unolwazi olwanele lokunquma ukuthi uzovakashela imnyuziyamu emise okwemikhumbi noma cha, nakuba kunconywa kakhulu ukwenza kanjalo. Ngithemba ukuthi uzothola ithuba lokuchitha usuku uhlola i-Vasa galleon!