Isikweletu sezezimali sinquma nini? Izithakazelo!

Izikweletu zezimali ziyinkinga enkulu ezakhamuzini eziningi zomhlaba. Kodwa kunesikhathi lapho nalezi ziphelelwa yisikhathi. Ake sihlole ndawonye lapho ichaza isikweletu.

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Isikweletu sisho nini? Umbuzo womkweleti osenesikhathi eside ekhona

Esimeni sesimanjemanje senhlalo, sikuthola kuwubuwula ukubuza Isikweletu sisho nini? Ukuba khona kwethu kunqunywa ngezinga elithile ngemali esiyikweleta ezimweni ezihlukahlukene phakathi nokuphila kwethu kangangokuthi kubonakala kithi ekuqaleni ukukhohlisa ukuthi kukhona okungasusa lesi sisindo emahlombe ethu ngokulinda isikhashana nje.

Kodwa-ke, nakuba kunezinye izici okufanele zicatshangelwe, lokhu kunjalo ezimweni eziningi futhi sonke isakhamuzi kufanele siqaphele izikhathi zokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwezibopho zabo zezimali ukuze zazi ukuthi zingasuswa kanjani ngaphandle kobuhlungu obukhulu be-bureaucratic.

Umyalelo wesikweletu uqinisekiswa kahle emibhalweni eminingi yemithetho eyisisekelo yamazwe emhlabeni jikelele. Isibonelo, i-athikili 1961 ye-Spanish Civil Code ithi izenzo zinquma okwesikhathi nje esibekwe umthetho.

Okulandelayo kulandela ukuthi izenzo zezikweletu zihlala zisebenza kuphela inqobo nje uma zihlala phakathi nesikhathi esithile esinqunywe umbhalo wezomthetho. Izindatshana ezilandela lesi sihloko 1961 zicacisa icala ngalinye lesikweletu esingaba khona ngegama elinikezwe ngayinye. Ngale ndlela, iqembu ngalinye lisesimweni sokwazi ukuthi isikweletu esihlobene nobubanzi baso obuthile sichazwa kanjani.

Nokho, akusona isikhathi kuphela okufanele sicatshangelwe lapho kuhlolwa incwadi kadokotela yesikweletu. Izenzo eziqondile zomboleki kanye nomkweletu maqondana nesikweletu esikhona zingashintsha ngokuphelele imigomo emisiwe, iphoqelele okunye ukucatshangelwa kwesikhathi. Sizokubona ngokulandelayo.

Uma unesithakazelo esikhethekile ezimweni zezikweletu, ikakhulukazi yonke into ehlobene nezindlela zokufuna ukuxazululwa kwezikweletu, ungase ukuthole kuwusizo ukuvakashela lesi esinye isihloko kuwebhusayithi yethu esinemininingwane namathiphu ongawazi. indlela yokuxoxisana ngesikweletu.

Kungase kubaluleke ukwazi kokubili izikhathi zokuphelelwa yisikhathi eziboniswe lapha nokuthi ungazithola kanjani izisombululo kanye nomkweletu ezingxoxweni. Landela isixhumanisi! Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe lapho ichaza isikweletu, qhubeka ufunde le ndatshana.

Izimo eziyisisekelo okufanele uzazi Uma uchaza isikweletu ngendlela efanele?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, izenzo zomkweleti kanye nomkweleti ngokusekelwe esikweletini samanje esihlobene nazo zingashintsha ngokuphelele imigomo ebekwe umthetho. Ngakho-ke, kungase kube usizo ukuhlola lezi zici kuqala ngaphambi kokuhlola ukuphela kwefomethi ngayinye yesikweletu.

Isici sokuqala ukuthi akubanga khona isidingo esisemthethweni somashonisa sokuthi isikweletu sikhokhwe phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Le mfuneko inganikezwa ngokuvumelana nenqubo yokwahlulela, ezinkantolo ezikhethekile endabeni, noma ngaphandle kokwahlulela, ngokuxhumana okuqondile ngezindlela ezahlukene nomuntu okweletayo noma ngemfuneko ye-notarial.

Uma isicelo esichazwe senzeka, umkweleti umisa ngempumelelo isikhathi esingase sithathe isikweletu kudokotela, njengoba sikwenza kucace ukuthi isikweletu sisaphila. Uma kungenjalo, uma ungethuli noma yisiphi isidingo phakathi nesikhathi esisungulwe umthetho mayelana necala lakho, lokhu kuyosho ukuthi isikhathi sizoqhubeka sibhekene nawe kuze kuphele isikhathi esigcwele sesikweletu.

Isici sesibili esidingekayo ukuthi okweletayo akavumanga ukuba khona kwesikweletu. Lokhu kuvuma kungase kunikezwe ngokuthula kunoma yikuphi ukuxhumana nomuntu okweletwayo umkweletu angase akuveze njengobufakazi noma ngokusobala ekuxhumaneni okufanayo noma esimweni senkantolo esisemthethweni.

I-logic ifana nendaba yezenzo zokufunwa kombolekisi: uma umkweletu ethatha ukuthi kukhona isikweletu okufanele sikhokhwe, isimiso sokulinganiselwa asikwazi ukuqhubeka nokusebenza, isibopho sihlala sisebenza. Ngokuphambene nalokho, uma okweletayo engayinaki futhi umbolekisi akafuni ukukhokhelwa, kungacatshangwa ukuthi isikweletu sisendleleni yokuphelelwa yisikhathi ngokugcwaliseka kwesikhathi esinqunyiwe. Kodwa le migomo ihlukile kuhlobo ngalunye lwezikweletu. Sibe sesibona ezimbalwa zalezi zikhathi njengoba zimiswe ngokomthetho.

Umyalelo wesikweletu esimweni sekhadi lesikweletu

Siqala ngendaba yamakhadi esikweletu, cishe uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesikweletu esakhamuzi sanoma iliphi idolobha kanye nesibopho esinganwetshwa ngokufa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yobulula baso obukhohlisayo namazinga enzalo. Ngakho-ke, futhi kungenye yezikweletu lapho kungase kube khona isifiso esengeziwe sokuphelelwa yisikhathi ngumuntu okweletayo.

Isikhathi esincane esikhonjiswe ngumthetho, ku-athikili 1964.2 ye-Civil Code, iminyaka emihlanu yokunikezwa kwesikweletu. Le minyaka emihlanu iqala ukubala kusukela ngesikhathi lapho kungenzeka khona ukufuna ukuthotshelwa kwenkokhelo, okungukuthi, kusukela esimweni sokuqala sesikweletu mayelana nesikweletu.

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Njengoba kulindelekile, kunzima ukuthi ibhange lingakhiqizi isidingo sokukhokha ngaso sonke lesi sikhathi. Imali engenayo elindelekile ngokombono webhange uma kuziwa emakhadini esikweletu isekelwe ekulawuleni izikweletu njalo.

Nokho, kunezimo lapho kungase kwenzeke ngale ndlela, ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa noma izinqubo zokuthengisa zebhizinisi eziholela ekulahlekeni kwamarekhodi noma ngenxa yokulahlekelwa umkhondo womkweleti ngamunye okukhulunywa ngaye.

Ukunikezwa kwesikweletu uma kunenhlawulo

Izinhlawulo zibuye zibeke, nakuba kudingekile ukuveza ama-nuances athile phakathi kwemiqondo ehlukene. Isibonelo, into eyodwa ukuphelelwa yisikhathi kokwephulwa, ngoba izinhlangano ezifanele zokuyiphoqa azizange zikwenze ngesikhathi esiqondile, kanti enye into iwumgomo wenhlawulo ngokwayo, unswinyo lwezomnotho okudingeka ukhokhe. ukususa isibopho sokwephulwa komthetho.

Uma sikhuluma ngeyokuqala, ukuphelelwa yisikhathi kokwephulwa komthetho, sidinga ukuphendukela emthethweni womgwaqo. Kulo mbhalo wezomthetho sitshelwa ngezikhathi ezihlukene zemiyalelo kadokotela kuye ngokuthi ukwephulwa kwemithetho kubucayi kangakanani, phakathi kwebanga elisuka kokuncane, liye kwelikhulu, liye kokubi kakhulu. Icala elincane kakhulu linikezwa isikhathi esiyizinyanga ezintathu ukuthi liphelelwe yisikhathi, ngaphandle kokuthi unswinyo lungakaze lwaziswe kumuntu ngamunye. Icala lesibili, elibucayi, linikezwa isikhathi esiphindwe kabili sezinyanga eziyisithupha.

Futhi esimweni sokwephulwa kwemithetho enzima kakhulu, kufanele kudlule izinyanga eziyisithupha ngaphambi kokuba ichithwe. Esimweni sesibili, umzuzu lapho inhlawulo ibeka khona, kubhekwa ukuthi lapho iminyaka emine isiphelile, ngeke kusakwazi ukufaka isicelo senkokhelo yesigwebo.

Ukubhaliswa kwesikweletu esimweni sokuqasha

I-Athikili 166 ye-Civil Code ikhuluma ngokuqondile ngokuqashisa ngaphansi kwesigaba sokuqashisa izindlu. Umthetho umane uthi isikhathi seminyaka emihlanu isikhathi esincane sokubheka ukuthi inkokhelo yerenti isiphelelwe yisikhathi. Ngemuva kwale minyaka emihlanu, ngeke kudingeke ukuthi oweletayo akhokhe inkokhelo ngemuva.

Yebo, njengasendabeni yamakhadi esikweletu namabhange, akuvamile ukuthi isikhathi seminyaka emihlanu yokuqasha sigcwaliseke ngaphandle kokuba umninikhaya afune inkokhelo futhi aqale izimangalo zomthetho. Kuzomele kube yibanga elidlulele kanye nobudedengu mayelana nezinto zabo, okugcina kudale incwadi yesikweletu sokuqashisa.

Ukugunyazwa kwesikweletu esimweni se-mortgage

¿Isikweletu sisho nini? uma sikhuluma nge-mortgage? Lesi sigaba sibuyekezwa izinkulungwane zabakweleta yonke indawo, njengoba imiphumela yokuba nesikweletu esiboshiwe ngokuvamile ayijabulisi futhi miningi.

Ukubuyiselwa nokudayiswa kwekhaya kuncane kakhulu okungenzeka ngenxa yesikweletu esingacatshangwanga futhi isimo ngokuvamile asihlali lapho, njengoba izikhathi eziningi inani eliphelele lendlu alisifaki ngokuphelele isikweletu ebhange. Ngemuva kwalokho kuzodingeka ukuthi baqhubeke nokwenza amadiphozithi ukuze baqedele ukukhokha imali mboleko. Kuyinqubo ebizayo engathatha iminyaka.

Ngokwe-athikili 1964 ye-Civil Code, izikweletu zezindlu ziphelelwa yisikhathi ngemva kweminyaka engamashumi amabili kusukela ngesikhathi sokuqala sokungakhokhi. Kodwa ibhange, njengoba kungase kucatshangwe, ngeke livame ukulinda isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu ukuze lenze isicelo esisemthethweni futhi liqoqe kokubili inani elikweletwayo kanye nenzalo enkulu enqwabelene esikweletini.

Iminyaka engamashumi amabili ibe isisebenza njengophawu ezikhathini eziningi ezingokomfanekiso, kodwa isebenza kwezinye izinto ezimbalwa zokungahambi kahle kwamabhange okwedlulele.

Ukugunyazwa kwesikweletu esimweni Sokuvikeleka Komphakathi

Ifomethi Yokuvikeleka Komphakathi isungula umkhawulo wezikweletu zakho ohlobene nokukhokhwa kweminikelo: iminyaka emine kusukela ngesikhathi lapho kungafunwa khona ukungakhokhi. Uma lesi sikhathi sesidlulile, isibopho sokukhokha izimali singabhekwa njengesenziwe ize, kanye nethuba lokubeka unswinyo kumuntu ngamunye yisikhungo.

Kodwa kunemininingwane okufanele icatshangelwe. Akuzona zonke izinkokhelo okungenzeka ukuthi kungenxa Yokuvikeleka Komphakathi ezihlobene nezibopho eziyisisekelo zesabelo. Kunezinye izigaba, njengokukhokhwa kwezinzuzo ezithile, izinkokhelo zokuzisebenza noma izinkokhelo ezihambisanayo ezihlukene ezivela endikimbeni yomphakathi, ezizoba nezazo izinkokhelo, izikweletu kanye nezikhathi zemithi.

Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuqaphela kakhulu lokhu kuhlukahluka kwangaphakathi, okungacaciswa ngokuqondile emahhovisi ahambisanayo.

Njengasendabeni yezikweletu zezindlu noma zekhadi lesikweletu emabhange, kunzima kakhulu kokuthi I-Social Security ingadingi inkokhelo ngokusemthethweni ngaphambi kokuthi usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi lube yiminyaka emine. Kuzodingeka kube namacala ayivelakancane ukuze leli gama lihlangatshezwe ngokugcwele ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka ngenxa yezidingo zomthetho.

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Ukugunyazwa kwesikweletu esimweni sokuphutha ngaphambi koMgcinimafa

Akukho okuningi ongakusho kuleli cala, ngaphandle kokuthi, njengakusimo Sokuvikeleka Komphakathi, Umthetho Wentela Jikelele ngokuvamile ubeka iminyaka emine ngokunikezwa kwesikweletu. Ukuphathwa koMgcinimafa kuzoba nalesi sikhathi seminyaka emine ukwethula isimangalo kusakhamuzi ngokungakhokhi, uma kungenjalo, isikweletu singabhekwa njengesikhanseliwe. Kuyadingeka ukuxwayisa, njengasezinkampanini zamabhange noma Izivikelo Zomphakathi, ukuthi uMnyango Wezezimali unolaka ikakhulukazi futhi ugcina isikhathi ezimangalweni zawo, okuyinto encane engalindelwa isikhathi esiningi uma uvumela lesi sikhathi seminyaka emine sidlule.

Ukubhaliswa kwezikweletu esimweni sezinsizakalo zasekhaya

I-Article 1967 ye-Civil Code isungula isikhathi seminyaka emithathu ukuze kunqunywe isikweletu esihlobene nokukhokhwa kwezinsizakalo zasekhaya. Lezi zinsizakalo zihlanganisa ugesi, ucingo, igesi noma amanzi, izinkonzo eziyisisekelo zokusebenza kahle kwekhaya. Njengoba kwaziwa, lezi zivame ukuhlelwa ngesisekelo sezinkokhelo zonyaka noma zenyanga, kodwa kunoma yikuphi isikhathi seminyaka emithathu sokusulwa kwesikweletu siyagcinwa.

Yiqiniso, njengakwamanye amacala okukhulunywe ngawo, ukuthola isaziso sesikweletu ezinkampanini ezinesibopho sokuhlinzeka ngenkonzo kuphazamisa ngokuzenzakalelayo isikhathi seminyaka emithathu. Kodwa kule ndawo ikakhulukazi, ikakhulukazi uma sikhuluma ngogesi noma uxhumano lwe-inthanethi nge-ADSL, imiyalelo yezikweletu ngokugcwaliseka kwesikhathi seminyaka emithathu yi-oda losuku.

Izinkampani ezihlotshaniswa nalezi zinsizakalo kudala zazesula zafinyelela ezingeni elithile lesikweletu esingapheli ngamaphesenti wabasebenzisi, zifake lezi zinombolo ezibomvu kumakhasi azo ebhalansi.

Ukugunyazwa kwesikweletu esimweni sokusebenza kwezentengiselwano

Lolu hlobo lwesikweletu luhambisana nezinkampani zonke hhayi kubantu, njengoba bekunjalo ezibonelweni ezedlule. Lezi yizikweletu ezitholwe phakathi kwezinkampani ngesikhathi sokunyakaza okuhlanganyelwe kumaphrojekthi afanayo. Itemu lokugunyazwa kwalezi zikweletu phakathi kwezinhlangano ezisemthethweni ngokuvamile litholakala esikhathini esiyiminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu. Ngemuva kwale minyaka eyishumi nanhlanu, lobu budlelwano bezikweletu phakathi kwezinkampani buzonqanyulwa.

Mhlawumbe ngokumangazayo, ukuthobela leli gama nencwadi kadokotela elandelayo kuvame kakhulu kule ndawo, ikakhulukazi uma izinkampani zizincane nezikweletu nazo zizincane. Kuzodingeka kube umsebenzi wezohwebo womhlaba wonke onezinkampani ezinkulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi kunesimangalo esisemthethweni ngaphambi komnqamulajuqu, ukumisa iwashi lokuchithwa.

Ukugunyazwa kwesikweletu esimweni sezibopho zikamasipala

Isikweletu sisho nini? kamasipala, ngokuvamile ibhekisela ezinkokhelweni zentela eziphethwe uMkhandlu Wedolobha wendawo yangakini. Yize izinkokhelo zentela zikamasipala ziziningi futhi ziyahlukahluka, ezinamagama afingqiwe amaningi, izinsuku zokuphelelwa yisikhathi namagama, ezimbili eziqanjwe kakhulu yisakhamuzi esijwayelekile futhi ezivame kakhulu i-IC (Circulation Tax) kanye ne-IBI (Intela Yezindlu). -okuchazayo emahlelweni abo: izinkokhelo zokuhamba kwezimoto kanye nezindlu zomuntu siqu.

Kuzo zombili lezi zimo, isikhathi okumele sikhokhelwe ukuze sifinyelele umgomo wesikweletu iminyaka emine. Le minyaka emine ibalwa kusukela lapho kuphela isikhathi sokukhokha, okungukuthi, kusukela endaweni lapho umnikelo wokugcina ubuyofakwa khona ukube wenziwa.

Okusho ukuthi isikhungo soMkhandlu weDolobha sinesikhathi esigcwele seminyaka emine sokufuna imali yokungakhokhi nayo yonke inzuzo ebesiyiqongelele kule minyaka. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi odabeni lweCirculation Tax abanikazi bezimoto ezingasasebenzi akumele bakhokhe le ntela phambi kukamasipala.

Njengakwezinye izindawo esizihlolile, kungashiwo ukuthi yonke into ehlobene nokukhokhwa kwentela imvamisa iphathwa ngamahhovisi oMkhandlu Wedolobha ngesithakazelo esikhulu, uma kubhekwa izinga eliphezulu lezijeziso ezivezwa kukho ngokushiywa ngaphandle okuthile. Ngakho-ke, kunzima ukulinda isikhathi esiyiminyaka emine ngaphandle kokuzwa kubo isidingo sokuhambisana nenkokhelo.

Ngalokhu, ingxenye enkulu yezikhathi ezidingekayo esimweni ngasinye ukuze kutholwe isikweletu simboziwe. Kuvidiyo elandelayo ungabona ukuchayeka okufushane mayelana nokugunyazwa kwezikweletu ngaphakathi semthethweni kwendawo yaseSpain. Kuze kube manje isihloko sethu lapho ichaza isikweletu ezindaweni ezahlukene zezezimali zezwe. Sizokubona maduze futhi sikufisela inhlanhla ezinkokhelweni zakho, ezinkambisweni nasezifundweni zakho.


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  1. Ubhekele idatha: I-Actualidad Blog
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.