Ukungena kulesi sihloko, uzokwazi kanye nathi ukuthi babengobani oPatriarch baseBhayibhelini. Futhi thola ukuthi wawuyini umthwalo wemfanelo wabo ngesikhathi sabo nokuthi iliphi ifa abasishiyele lona.
Athini amaPatriarch aseBhayibhelini?
I-etymology yegama elithi inzalamizi lithathwe enguqulweni yesiLatini ethi patriarcha ephuma kwelesiGrikhi sasendulo elithi πατριάρχης. Leli gama lokugcina liyigama elakhiwe izimpande ezimbili zesiGreki, okungukuthi:
- πατριά, πάτερ, transliterated pater: oncazelo yakhe ingubaba, inzalo.
- ἄρχω, άρχων transliterated archón: okusho umholi, induna noma igunya.
Khona-ke, inzalamizi, ngomqondo wesayensi yezokuhlalisana kwabantu, igama elinikezwa wonke lawo madoda anegunya noma ahola umkhaya. Okusho ukuthi, ubaba womndeni, lowo owenza izinqumo ezihambisana nomndeni; futhi uhlelo olugcina lo mthetho lwaziwa ngokuthi yi-patriarchy.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, eBhayibhelini, inzalamizi igama elinikezwa izinduna eziyinhloko noma abaholi besigaba abantu bakwa-Israyeli ababunjwa kuso. Lesi sigaba saziwa eBhayibhelini njengenkathi yezinzalamizi.
Inkathi yezinzalamizi ichazwa yiBhayibheli kusukela kunzalamizi u-Abrahama kuya kumzukulu wayo uJakobe. Nakuba izinzalamizi zingobaba, kusukela ku-Adamu kuya kuNowa, labobaba abangeni enkathini yezinzalamizi zeBhayibheli.
Nakuba eminye imibhalo ichaza laba bobaba bemvelaphi njengezinzalamizi zangaphambi kwemvula. U-Adamu ngaphandle kokuba umuntu wokuqala wayephinde abe nguyise wesintu.
Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngendoda yokuqala nobaba wesintu, sikumema ukuba ufake esihlokweni U-Adamu no-Eva: Umbhangqwana wokuqala wabantu endalweni. Umsuka wesintu ugxile kulo mbhangqwana, owadalwa uNkulunkulu ngomfanekiso wakhe nangokufana naye, njengoba kubhaliwe encwadini kaGenesise.
inkathi yezinzalamizi
Inkathi yezinzalamizi ibalulekile ukwazi umlando wamadoda kaNkulunkulu asishiyela ifa elicebile lezisekelo zesisekelo sokholo lobuKristu. Ukholo olunwebeka emakhulwini ambalwa eminyaka emuva, kusukela kubantu bakaNkulunkulu abangamaHeberu kuya ezikhathini zomusa ebandleni likaJesu Kristu lomhlaba wonke.
Umlando wabantu bakwa-Israyeli waqala eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-4 edlule ngezinzalamizi, u-Abrahama, u-Isaka kanye noJakobe. Lezi zinzalamizi zazilandelana ngezizukulwane ezintathu: Ubaba, indodana kanye nomzukulu.
Inkathi yezinzalamizi ichazwa emlandweni walezi zinzalamizi ezintathu futhi zichazwe eBhayibhelini, encwadini kaGenesise izahluko 12 kuya ku-50. Umbhalo weBhayibheli ovula iminyango yolwazi ngoNkulunkulu njengowukuphela komdali neNkosi ye konke okukhona.
Kusiholela nasekufundeni ngendaba yokuwa komuntu, emlandweni wezinzalamizi ezintathu eziyinhloko zeBhayibheli. Ngalo mqondo ungangena lapha futhi ufunde kabanzi mayelana ne incwadi kaGenesise: izahluko, amavesi, nencazelo.
Isiko lamaJuda liye lagcina ukulandelana kwezikhathi kusukela ekudalweni kuka-Adamu kuya ekubuseni kwamakhosi okugcina akwa-Israyeli noJuda. Ngokwalokhu kulandelana kwezikhathi okuvela esikweni lamaRabi futhi kusekelwe emthonjeni wamaJuda wasendulo kaRabi Seder' Olam Rabbah.
Inkathi yezinzalamizi itholakala cishe ngonyaka we-1813 ngaphambi kukaKristu, nokuzalwa kuka-Abrahama; kwaze kwaba sekufeni komzukulu wakhe uJakobe cishe ngo-1506 BC.
Isisekelo somlando wezinzalamizi
Abantu bakwa-Israyeli abantu abagcine umlando wokubunjwa kwabantu babo ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane ngosiko olukhulunywa ngomlomo. Isisekelo salo mlando kuthiwa ngabantu bakwa-Israyeli kumuntu owayelalela futhi ethembekile ngaso sonke isikhathi entandweni kaNkulunkulu.
Lo muntu u-Abrahama, okholelwa kuNkulunkulu futhi ulalela izwi lakhe eshiya izwe lakhe, kanye nomndeni wakhe. U-Abrahama uyalalela ubizo lokuthi aqale ukufeza icebo lobuNkulunkulu ayelinikwe yena, elaligxile esibusisweni sokwakha abantu abaningi nabanengi othandweni nokholo.
Kuyaxaka ukuthi u-Abrahama unendodana eyodwa kuphela, u-Isaka nomkakhe uSara, amadodana amabili azalelwa u-Isaka, u-Esawu noJakobe. UJakobe, omncane emadodaneni ka-Isaka, kufanele abaleke endlini kayise ngenxa yezenzo azenzile, kamuva kufanele aphile isenzakalo esingavamile noNkulunkulu, esiphawula ukuphila kwakhe kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke.
UJakobe ngokuzimisela kwakhe ukusebenza kanye nokumethemba kwakhe umdali, wenza uNkulunkulu ammise njengoyise wezizwe eziyishumi nambili zakwa-Israyeli. Yileso naleso sizwe saphuma kwabayishumi nambili, kwaba yileso naleso nabafazi baso ababili nezinceku zabo; Abantu bamaJuda namasiko bazokwakhiwa bevela ezizweni eziyishumi nambili zakwa-Israyeli.
Ekuqaleni, yini abantu bakwa-Israyeli ababeyazi ngezinzalamizi zabo?
Okhokho bokuqala bama-Israyeli abazange bashiye lutho olulotshiwe ngomlando wabo. Ngaleyo ndlela izizukulwane ezisanda kuzalwa zazithola ngezenzo zokhokho bazo ngokulandisa kwabadala bomuzi.
Kulezi zindaba kwavela indaba ka-Abrahama, ngesikhathi lapho izizwe zamaHeberu eziyimizulane zithatha uhambo nemihlambi yazo zisuka ogwadule ziya eGibhithe. Kulendaba yokukholwa kuka-Abrahama, wakhuluma ngokuthembela kwakhe kuNkulunkulu nesithembiso asenza sokumbusisa ngesizwe esikhulu.
Lezi zindaba zibuye zikhulume ngo-Isaka, indodana uNkulunkulu ayithembisa u-Abrahama futhi owakhulelwa esemdala nomkakhe uSara. Indaba eyabonakalisa ubukhazikhazi namandla kaNkulunkulu ka-Abrahama.
Bese kuba nendaba kaJakobe, owayebhekwa njengoyise nomsunguli wabantu bakwa-Israyeli, nezizwe eziyishumi nambili, ngayinye imelela enye yamadodana akhe. Ngemva kweminyaka ethile, abanye abantu bakwa-Israyeli ababekhanyiselwe, kanye noMose, baqala ukubhala yonke indaba.
Okwakufakwe emiqulwini nasemibhalweni yesandla esagcinwe amaJuda. Le mibhalo emakhulwini eminyaka kamuva yalotshwa encwadini kaGenesise eBhayibhelini.
Izindaba ezathathwa ukuze namuhla wonke amakholwa aqonde futhi aqonde umsuka wohlelo lukaNkulunkulu. Ikakhulukazi, ukuzalwa kwabantu bakwa-Israyeli, izici nezici zabo ziyasungulwa; okubaluleke kakhulu ukholo lwalaba bantu kuNkulunkulu oyedwa.
Kwakungobani izinzalamizi eziyinhloko?
Abalingiswa baka-Abrahama, u-Isaka noJakobe, bamele okhokho abakhulu noma abasunguli bobuJuda, kanye nobuKristu. IBhayibheli lamaKrestu eTestamenteni Elidala nelisha liqanjwe izikhathi eziningi, kubhekiselwa kuNkulunkulu wawoyise (izinzalamizi) u-Abrahama, u-Isaka noJakobe:
U-Eksodusi 4:5 ( KJV 2015 ): -Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuba bakholwe ukuthi uJehova uzibonakalisile kuwe; unkulunkulu wawoyise, uNkulunkulu we Abrahama, uNkulunkulu we U-Isaac no uNkulunkulu kaJakobe.
(Mathewu 22:32)NginguNkulunkulu ka-Abrahama, u-Isaka noJakobeFuthi akasiye uNkulunkulu wabafileyo, kodwa wabaphilayo!
Manje ake sifunde kancane ngokuthi babengobani labobaba abakhulu bokukholwa, futhi abokuqala ukulandela intando kaNkulunkulu ngokulalela.
U-Abrahama izibulo labokhokho
Indaba ka-Abrahama akuyona nje indaba yomuntu, iqhubekela phambili. Ngoba luyinhlanganisela yalokho okuyikho ukholo lweqiniso.
Indaba yokuphila kuka-Abrahama imele izinyathelo nezivivinyo okwakumelwe aziphile, nokuthi, naphezu kwazo, wahlala eqinile ekuthembeleni kwakhe kuNkulunkulu. Ukuphila kuka-Abrahama nakho kubonisa isibonelo kunoma yiliphi ikholwa namuhla, lapho kufanele libhekane nezilingo zalo esikhathini esithile ekuphileni kwalo.
Indaba yale nzalamizi yokuqala iqala ngokumuka kwakhe ezweni elingaziwa, eshiya wonke umndeni wakhe ngemuva. Uhambo olwenza ukuphendula ucingo oluvela kuNkulunkulu
(Genesise 12:1, NIV): -Ngelinye ilanga uJehova wathi ku-Abrama: “Phuma ezweni lakini, nasezihlotsheni zakho nasendlini kayihlo, uye ezweni engizokutshengisa lona.
Kusukela lapho kuqala ukukholwa okuqinisekisiwe kuka-Abrahama, okungumfanekiso wabantu bakaNkulunkulu. Kamuva lendoda yokholo yenza isenzo esikhulu somusa ngokuvumela indodana yomfowabo uLoti ukuba akhethe kuqala phakathi kwamazwe asenyakatho naseningizimu ( Genesise 13:8-9 ).
Engazi, wayebonisa lokho izwe elihle neliyiqiniso eliyikho, inhliziyo yomuntu yangempela, lapho uMbuso kaNkulunkulu umiswa khona.
Kamuva u-Abrahama egcwele ukukhathazeka kuNkulunkulu:
(Genesise 15:2-4) Wathi u-Abrama: “Nkosi yami, Nkulunkulu, unganginikani, uma ngingenamntwana, nomphathi wendlu yami ngu-Eliyezeri waseDamaseku na? 3 U-Abrama wathi: “Bheka, awunginikanga inzalo; Indlalifa yami iyoba yisigqila esizalelwe endlini yami. 4 Kodwa ilizwi leNkosi lafika kuye, lathi kuye: Indlalifa yakho kayiyikuba yilokhu, kodwa indodana yakho.
UNkulunkulu wenza isivumelwano no-Abrahama
U-Abrahama ngaphambi kwalesi sithembiso ukholelwa ukuthi uNkulunkulu ebonisa ukholo lwakhe ngokuthembela esithembisweni esingenakugcwaliseka emcabangweni womuntu. Kusukela ngalolo suku kuqhubeke, uNkulunkulu wenza ubuhlobo no-Abrahama futhi buqala ubungane phakathi kwabo.
UNkulunkulu wamamukela u-Abrahama ngoba lapho ethi kuye “Ungesabi,” impendulo yalendoda yayiwukubeka ithemba layo kuJehova. Umfelandawonye wabekwa uphawu ngokwesiko langaleso sikhathi, elalihlanganisa ukudlula phakathi kwezingxenye ezimbili zesilwane esihlatshelwe, ( Genesise 15:9-21 )
(UJeremiya 34:18) “Labo abeqa isivumelwano sami futhi bengagcinanga izimiso zaso abavumelana ngaso phambi kwami, ngizobahlukanisa kabili. ngendlela efanayo ithole okwabekwa uphawu ngalo isivumelwano lahlukaniswa kabili. Ngizohlukana kabili.
Lokhu kusinika imfundiso futhi yikuthi ukholo lusenza sibe ngabangane bakaNkulunkulu, futhi ukuba ngabangane kumelela ukuba seduze leNkosi. UNkulunkulu unikeza umngane wakhe u-Abrahama indodana yesithembiso ku-Isaka, funda ngayo lapha Ukusondelana noNkulunkulu: Indlela yokuyithuthukisa?
Isithembiso sikaNkulunkulu ku-Abrahama
(Genesise 17:5-9) Lapho ezwa lokhu, u-Abrama wakhothama njengophawu lwenhlonipho. UNkulunkulu wayesethi kuye: -Kulesi sivumelwano engisenza nawe, ngiyakuthembisa lokhu okulandelayo: Izizwe eziningi ziyakuzalwa kuwe; Ngalokho awusayikubizwa ngokuthi u-Abrama, kepha kuthiwa u-Abrahama, ngokuba uyakuba nguyise wezizwe eziningi, nabaningi benzalo yakho bayakuba ngamakhosi. Lesi sivumelwano engisenza nawe, futhi ngiyasenza nenzalo yakho, futhi asisoze saphela. nginguNkulunkulu wakho, futhi ngizoba nguNkulunkulu wenzalo yakho. Izwe laseKhanani, lapho osuhlala khona manje njengowezizweni, ngiyakulinika wena kuze kube phakade, kanye nenzalo yakho.
Inzalamizi Yesibili u-Isaka
Ngemva kwesithembiso sikaNkulunkulu ku-Abrahama phakathi neminyaka edlule, uSara ubonakala kuye njengoba ayememezele. Kwaze kwathi emva kweminyaka eminingi uNkulunkulu elalela, engu-Isaka indodana yesithembiso.
U-Isaka wazalwa engenalo lonke ithemba noma ukucabanga komuntu, ukuthi lesi sithembiso sikaNkulunkulu singagcwaliseka ngaphansi kwezimo abazali bakhe ababekuzo. USara, esemdala kakhulu, uzala indodana ka-Abrahama.
U-Isaka inzalamizi yesibili uthola ifa lesithembiso sikaNkulunkulu ku-Abrahama ngenzalo yakhe. UNkulunkulu ufeza icebo lakhe ngokuqinile, kodwa angakhubeki muntu.
UNkulunkulu uvivinya u-Abrahama nendodana yakhe u-Isaka, kodwa ngemva kovivinyo, waqonda ukuthi uyayithanda indodana yakhe ngendlela uNkulunkulu afuna ayithande ngayo. Njengoba ayethanda uNkulunkulu ngisho nangaphambi kwendodana yakhe, ayeseyilindile iminyaka eminingi.
Lokhu kusifundisa ukuthi uNkulunkulu uthanda futhi uyakwamukela ukuzinikezela kwethu noma ukulalela esinakho kuye, okungukuthi, uma noma nini, simbonise ukuthi sizimisele ukushiya noma ukuletha okuthile, ngoba ekucelile noma ngokufuna.
Esicelweni uNkulunkulu asenza ku-Abrahama, bobabili ubaba nendodana u-Isaka bahlanganiswa emhlatshelweni ofanayo. U-Isaka yena, wamukela isiphetho sakhe njengomhlatshelo kuNkulunkulu, ethwala izinkuni ezazizophemba umlilo ngaphansi kwakhe.
Nokho, uNkulunkulu wamsindisa ngenxa yokwethembeka kukayise u-Abrahama futhi wambusisa kanye nenzalo yakhe.
Inzalamizi yesithathu uJakobe
U-Isaka indodana ka-Abrahama unamadodana amabili okuthiwa u-Esawu noJakobe. Inzalamizi yesithathu kwakuyoba uJakobe lowo, ngokungafani no-Abrahama, owayezokwazi ngobizo lwakhe kusukela esemncane.
UJakobe, okokuqala, uthengela u-Esawu ubuzibulo bakhe, njengoba wamahlulela futhi embheka njengongenasibopho. Nokho, wayengalazi inani isibusiso sikaNkulunkulu esasilethela abazali bakhe.
UJakobe wayedinga unina ukuba amkhuthaze ukuba aziveze ekwebeni isibusiso, ngale ndlela wavumela ukuba akholiseke. Kungemva kokwenza lesi senzo kuphela lapho ayiqonda khona imiphumela yesenzo sakhe, okwakudingeka abaleke ukuze asindise ukuphila kwakhe.
Kodwa njengoba uJakobe kufanele aphile ukuphila komfokazi ongumbaleki, kungenxa yokuthi uhlangana noNkulunkulu. Lapho uyaqaphela umthwalo wemfanelo anawo, ewukuphela kwendlalifa yezithembiso zikaNkulunkulu.
IBhayibheli libonisa inzalamizi uJakobe njengendoda enamandla, enobuqili nethembele kakhulu ezithembisweni zikaNkulunkulu. Izibusiso zikaNkulunkulu zihambisana noJakobe ekuphileni kwakhe kokubaleka, eyisisebenzi esiphikelelayo.
Ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu edlule, uJakobe waba nabafazi ababili, izingane eziyishumi nambili kanye nengcebo enkulu yezinto ezibonakalayo. Ngaleso sikhathi yilapho ebuyela ezweni lawoyise futhi elungiselela ukubhekana nomfowabo u-Esawu, ekugcineni uJakobe wayezokwakha isizwe sakwaIsrayeli.
Ifa noma umyalezo wabobaba namuhla
Sonke isintu ngokwezinga elikhulu noma elincane sikholelwa kokuthile, mhlawumbe, kwabanye, lokho abakholelwa kukho kuzobaqinisekisa. Leso senzo sokukholwa sibizwa ngokuthi ukholo, ukukholelwa entweni noma ukuba nokholo kokuthile kunikeza ukuzethemba, kodwa ingabe kuveza ukuzibophezela?
Mhlawumbe hhayi ukukholwa njengoba izwe likubona, isibonelo ngabantu abangakholelwa ebukhoneni bukaNkulunkulu. Abakholelwa kuNkulunkulu, kodwa uma benezinkolelo zabo, abacabangi noma yikuphi ukuzibophezela, ngaphandle kwalokhu abanako ngemicabango yabo yomuntu siqu.
Nakuba ukukholwa iBhayibheli elisitshela ngakho kusekelwe ekukholweni kumuntu osibizayo ukuba sihambe naye indlela.Ukuthi othile unguNkulunkulu, umdali wezulu nomhlaba nakho konke okukukho.
Uma njengamakholwa sisabela obizweni lukaNkulunkulu, sithatha nokuzibophezela ukulandela indlela ayilandela ngokwenhloso Yakhe ngathi ngamunye wethu. Siqala ukuphila futhi singene endabeni sithembele ngokugcwele kuNkulunkulu futhi sihamba kanye noKristu.
Ifa lika-Abrahama
Ukholo lwebhayibheli luqala ngokunembile ngoMzala u-Abrahama, umphostoli uPawulu wambona futhi wasibonisa u-Abrahama njengesibonelo sokholo. U-Abrahama akazange azenze olungile phambi kukaNkulunkulu ngenxa yalokho akwenza noma angakwenzanga, kodwa wabeka ithemba lakhe lonke eNkosini, (funda kwabaseRoma 4:1-25):
Roma 4:3 (NIV): IBhayibheli lithi:—UNkulunkulu wamamukela u-Abrahama ngoba u-Abrahama wayemethemba uNkulunkulu-.
UNkulunkulu ubiza u-Abrahama ngegunya ngendlela efanayo naleyo enza ngayo kubaprofethi ngesikhathi sakhe. Esikhathini sethu ngendlela efanayo ukholo lwethu luzalwa obizweni oluvela kuNkulunkulu.
Ngokukholwa, uNkulunkulu usinika isilinganiso esithile sokholo, asenzanga lutho olusifanelekelayo. Lesi silinganiso sokholo siyafana kuwo wonke umuntu, kodwa umthwalo womuntu ngamunye uwukukhulisa nokuvuthwa.
U-Abrahama akazange enze isinqumo sokushiya izwe lakubo aye kwelinye, futhi akazange afune indlela entsha yokukhonza uNkulunkulu. INkosi ihlola labo abamukela ubizo ukuze bakhule okholweni.
UNkulunkulu ubagcinele izipho zakhe ezinkulu kakhulu labo abame beqinile obizweni lokholo, ngisho nangezikhathi zokulingwa.
1 Petru 1:7 (NLT) Lezi zivivinyo zizofakazela ukuthi ukholo lwakho luyiqiniso. Kuvivinywa ngendlela umlilo ovivinya ngayo futhi uhlanza igolide, nakuba ukholo lwenu luyigugu kakhulu kunegolide ngokwalo. Khona-ke ukukholwa kwakho, ngokuhlala uqinile ezilingweni eziningi, kuyokulethela udumo olukhulu, inkazimulo nodumo ngosuku uJesu Kristu abonakaliswa ngalo emhlabeni wonke..
Ifa likaJakobe
UJakobe usifundisa ngomthandazo wakhe kuNkulunkulu (uGenesise 32:9-12) ukuthi ukuthandaza akukhona nje ukucela ukuba intando yakhe igcwaliseke kithi futhi sicele amandla adingekayo ukuze siyamukele. Ukuthandaza nakho kuyinselele kuNkulunkulu, ukuthembela ezithembisweni zakhe nokwazi ukuthi uyazilalela izicelo zethu.
Ngokufanayo, uJakobe usifundisa ukuthi ngisho nalapho izithembiso zikaNkulunkulu zibonakala zishabalala, kumelwe sikhule othandweni nokholo ukuze siqhubeke sifuna intando yakhe. UNkulunkulu ucela uJakobe ukuba enze umhlatshelo wokubuyela ezweni lakubo nasezihlotsheni zakhe, ukuze abe isibonelo kwabanye obaba.
UJakobe wenza ngokuvumelana noJehova naphezu kokwesaba ayenakho ukubhekana nomfowabo u-Esawu, ngoba wayesazi isithembiso esasibekwe kuye njengenzalo ka-Abrahama. Ngokunjalo, ngamunye wethu uthola umsebenzi wethu kanye nomsebenzi wethu enkonzweni noKristu, njengamalungu eBandla lakhe.
Nokho, lokho akusho ukuthi ukufeza umgomo wethu kuholela ekwenzeni ngaphandle komzamo noma ukuthi konke kuzohamba kahle. Ngoba njengoba kwenzeka kuJakobe, kumelwe sibe nesifiso nesifiso sokwakha ukuphila kwethu ngokuvumelana nezinjongo zikaNkulunkulu.
Ngaphezu kokungalahlekelwa ukholo, nokuthi ekupheleni kwakho konke, lokho uNkulunkulu akuthembisile kuyogcwaliseka. Namuhla, amakholwa amaningi ayazi ukuthi yini okufanele yenziwe ukuze izwe esiphila kulo libe ngcono futhi libe nobulungisa.
Kodwa asenzi mzamo wokuwufeza. Asenzi isinqumo sokuba izilwi ezinjengoJakobe ngesikhathi sakhe, owahlwitha isibusiso esasithenjiswe uNkulunkulu wakhe.