Izimvemvane zingafika ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, zisijabulisa ngemibala emihle nemiklamo engase isimangaze futhi ibe ngokweqile, isibonisa ubuhle bemvelo ngayinye, ngakho namuhla sizokhuluma nawe mayelana nezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zezimvemvane nokuthi kanjani ukubehlukanisa.lahlekelwa!
Izimvemvane
Kuyisinambuzane sesigaba esibizwa nge-lepidoptera lapho sinenani elikhulu lezinhlobo zezilwane (cishe 170.000) okuhlanganisa amabhu; imibala yazo emihle ezibonakalisayo incike ohlotsheni lwendawo yokuhlala, noma ngenxa yezinto ezinjengokushisa nezilwane ezidla ezinye; Amaphiko azo akhiwe amazenga, njengomzimba wawo, enza amaphethini amahle kakhulu futhi anemibala ezisiza ukuba ziphile ngokuzifihla emvelweni omkhulu.
Ukudla kwayo kuyenzeka kuya ngesiteji, ekuzalweni izibungu nezibungu zidla amaqabunga eziwathola eduze kwawo futhi lawa ahlala etholakala phansi, ekukhuleni kwawo nasekuguqukeni kwawo kuyanda okuhlukahlukene okuhlanganisa imbewu, isikhunta kanye nezithelo zize zifike endaweni yazo. esiteji sabantu abadala lapho i-morphology yayo ishintsha futhi kuvela amaphiko, manje ukudla kwayo kudliwa ngenxa ye-proboscis (ishubhu elimise okwe-spiral elisiza ukumunca ukudla kwalo njengompe).
ubusuku nemini
Ngemva kokubuyekeza okuyisisekelo mayelana nezimvemvane, kusadingeka sazi izici zazo, nakuba lezi zincike ezinhlotsheni ezimakwe kakhulu ezi-2: zasebusuku kanye nezinsuku zakusihlwa. Ukuze ukwazi ukuzihlukanisa kahle, kuyadingeka ukwazi kancane mayelana nokwakheka kwazo njengombala, izimpondo, amashejuli omsebenzi ngisho nokwakheka kwamaphiko nokuma kwazo.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ezivame kakhulu ongazithola yilezo zasebusuku; lezi zinezimpondo ezihlukene ukusuka kwezinamazinyo kuye ku-bipectinate, eyeduna inkulu; ukubukeka kwawo kuvame ukuba ugqinsi, kukhuluphale futhi kunoboya, amaphiko athulisiwe ngemibala engathathi hlangothi noma ebandayo esiza ukucasha futhi avame ukutholakala endaweni evundlile eyaziwa ngokuthi amaphiko aphumule.
Lezi zimvemvane kwadingeka zivumelane nezinga lokushisa eliphansi ebusuku futhi ngokuvamile zibe nokudlidliza okuqhubekayo ngenxa yokwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo, okuhle ngalolu hlelo lwasebusuku ukuthi maningi amathuba okusinda njengoba kunezilwane ezidla ezinye eziphapheme ezimbalwa uma kuqhathaniswa. ohlelweni olujwayelekile.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izimvemvane ze-Diurnal zinemibala egqamile futhi ewubukhazikhazi, kungenye yezindlela ezilula zokuzibona njengoba zinemiklamo ehlukene emaphikweni azo ehlaba umxhwele kakhulu kubabukeli, imizimba yazo ithanda ukuba mncane futhi izimpondo zabo zigcina phezulu nge-plupper shape.
Izinhlobo Zomvemvane
Ngezansi sizosho futhi sichaze izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu nezidumile zezimvemvane ezingase zibe khona, kuzo zonke zazo sizobiza ukukhanga okukhulu kakhulu, uzokwazi ukuqaphela ukuthi iyiphi i-butterfly esebusuku noma i-diurnal ngenxa yezici ezichazwe ngenhla.
Nakuba izimvemvane zasebusuku zingase zibe lula uma ziqhathaniswa nezimvemvane zasemini, iqiniso liwukuthi zigqama ngenxa yobuhle nobulula obungatholakala emiklamweni yazo, zizenze zibe ntekenteke futhi zinikeze umuzwa wokuba buthakathaka.
isikhova uvemvane
Ngamagama I-Caligo eurilochus..
Ama-diurnal, amahle ngemibala yawo egqamile, anebala elincanyana nelincane; amaphiko agoqeke kakhulu emzimbeni ame mpo, lawa ukuze akwazi ukundiza anwebe amaphiko awo futhi ngaleyo ndlela aqoqe amandla amaningi avela elangeni, izimpondo zawo eziwumngcingo ziphela ngebhola elincane lenhlama okuyinto evamile kakhulu ukuyibona phakathi. bobubili ubulili.
uvemvane lwengwe
Igama: Danaus chrysippus
Loluvemvane lumelele umbala osawolintshi njengoba lo mbala utholakala ezimpikweni zalo nasesiswini salo, umboze yonke indawo, uma kuqhathaniswa nesisu namaphiko alo, izimpondo, ikhanda kanye nethorax zimbozwe ngokuphelele ngokumnyama namabala akhanyayo. zona, empeleni imibala yamaphiko azo ingahluka ngenxa yezinto ezihlukene ezifana nendawo ezikuyo, izinga lokushisa kanye nobulili ezikuzo.
Ikhaya lalo litholakala e-Asia, Afrika, Morocco, Australia nase-Egypt, lolu uvemvane lukhonjiswe ukuthi lungaphansi kweqembu lezimvemvane, lolu mvemvane lunendlela enkulu yokuzivikela ezitheni zalo eziludlayo kwazise luzenza sengathi lufile ngaphandle kwama-butterflies. iqiniso lokuthi likhipha iphunga elimnandi lapho izilwane zisuka khona kwazise iphunga lingaba mnandi kakhulu ezidalwa endaweni ezikuyo, iyona ndlela ebalwa ngayo ngoba kulokho okumayelana nesivinini ukundiza alisekeli kakhulu kwazise ihamba kancane kulokho.
I-Crystal Wings Butterfly
Igama: Greta Otto
Uvemvane olwaziwa ngokucwebezela kwamaphiko alo okwenza lubukeke luntekenteke futhi luthambile, lo mphumela utholakala phakathi kwamaphiko alo njengoba indawo ezungezile ingahluka ngombala phakathi kwamathunzi awolintshi kanye ansundu. Ukuklanywa kwamaphiko ayo kuyasiza kakhulu ngoba kuyivumela ukuba izifihle noma icashe phakathi kwezitshalo nanoma iyiphi indawo ezithola ikuyo ukuze ibaleke ezizingelayo.
Idla umpe wezimbali. Indawo yalo ekuqaleni itholakala eMelika Ephakathi ezindaweni ezinomswakama kakhulu emazweni akuleyo ngxenye yezwekazi laseMelika, kodwa lolu uvemvane lubonakala ngokufuduka okukhulu uma lukubona kuwubuhlakani ngenxa yemvelo olutholakala kuyo, kungani futhi ingatholakala eningizimu yezwekazi emazweni afana neColombia noma iVenezuela.
Lolu mvemvane luyakhetha uma lukhetha iduna elizokwazi ukuzala kwazise lukhetha owesilisa kuya ngezinga lamandla engase libe nalo eqenjini elithile lalaba. Kungase futhi kube yingozi kakhulu ezilwaneni, ikakhulukazi izilwane ezidla ezinye, ngoba lapho isikhulile ikhula izinga eliphezulu lobuthi.
I-Blue Mopho Butterfly
Igama: Morpho peleides
Loluvemvane luntshontsha ukunakwa okukhulu, luthathwa njengelinye lamavemvane amahle kakhulu akhona emhlabeni ngenxa yombala walo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka omuhle nogqamile emaphikweni alo, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi yilo elibonakala kakhulu, iqiniso liwukuthi umbala wawo uwumbono nje ngoba uwukubonakaliswa kokukhanya kuphela lapho uthinta amazenga awo.Umbala wamaphiko unamandla kakhulu kwabesilisa kunakwabesifazane.
Ukudla kwayo kuyahlukahluka phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwayo kusukela ekuqaleni ikwazi ukudla izitshalo ezithile kuphela, kuthi kamuva iphuze umpe, izithelo, ubisi futhi ekugcineni idle uketshezi lomzimba wezilwane noma ezinye izinto eziphilayo, ngoba sibona ukuphakelwa kwayo uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izimvemvane kuyahlukahluka kukho konke ukuphila kwayo.
Loluvemvane ludabuka ezindaweni ezishisayo njengoba luvame kakhulu kulolo hlobo lwendawo, ngakho lunganconywa emazweni amaningana eNingizimu neMelika Ephakathi naseMexico.
uvemvane lwemonarch
Igama: Danaus plexippus
Zaziwa kakhulu ngokuba izimvemvane ezifudukayo ezithatha uhambo oluhle lokuya ezindaweni ezifudumele phakathi nenkathi yasebusika, yingakho zibonakala kakhulu eMexico naseCalifornia.
Iqanjwe njengenye yezinhlobo zovemvane ezinhle kakhulu futhi ezihlaba umxhwele, njengoba iningi libhekwa njengenkosi yazo zonke izimvemvane, imibala yalo evamile ihluka phakathi kwama-shades of orange, inomnyama nomhlophe, ukuhlukanisa abesilisa kwabesifazane kuphela. kwanele ukubona ibala elikhulu elimnyama emaphikweni ngoba abesilisa kuphela abanalo.
Uvemvane i-monarch lunendlela enhle yokuzivikela uma kuziwa engozini, ngoba luqukethe ushevu ongabulala, lokhu kuyasiza kakhulu uma izilwane ezidla ezinye zifuna ukuhlasela, lidume kakhulu ngoba lihamba ngokufuduka okukhulu ngesikhathi sokuvuna. , yingakho yaziwa nangokuthi i-butterfly yokuvuna, zinde kakhulu futhi zingamaqembu amakhulu, yingakho idonsa ukunaka okukhulu ngokuba umbukiso omkhulu.
i-atlas butterfly
Igama: Attacus Atlas
Loluvemvane lutholakala e-Asia, luseningizimu yeChina okuyindawo elaziwa kuyo kakhulu, luthathwa kulezi zingxenye njengelinye lamabhu amakhulu angaba khona, ikhanda lalo lisesimweni senyoka ngakho nalo liyalenza. umehluko omkhulu walolu uvemvane.
Ayidli lapho isikhulile ngoba idla konke ekwaziyo ingakafiki ebudaleni, ngakho-ke kumele idle ukudla okwanele ukuze ibe nemfuyo eyanele ukuze ikwazi ukuphila impilo yayo yonke, uma isiyisibungu idla izitshalo kuphela, okubalulekile ukuthi ikwazi ukuthola ukudla okuhle njengoba amandla ayo esikhathini esizayo ayoncika kulokho, isizathu esenza ingakwazi ukudla lapho isikhulile kungenxa yokuthi ayisenawo umlomo ongadla ngawo ukudla.
uvemvane viceroy
Igama: I-Limenitis archippus noma i-Basilarchia archippus
Loluvemvane kwesinye isikhathi lusuke ludideke kakhulu novemvane imonarch kwazise imibala yalo ifana kakhulu nalolu njengoba nalo lunemibala enjengowolintshi, omnyama nomhlophe, akufani nenkosi lena ayinabungozi nhlobo ngoba ayinakho ukuzivikela. izilwane ezidla ezinye, ayinalo uhlobo lukashevu, iphunga elimnandi noma into efanayo eyisiza ukuqeda izingozi ezingase zibe khona.
I-butterfly i-viceroy ihlala empumalanga ye-hemisphere, imisebenzi yalolu mvemvane ngokuvamile yenziwa kokubili imini nobusuku, ngakho ayinayo isimiso esimisiwe sokuphakela nokundiza, okuyinto evame ukuyenza.
I-Birdwing Butterfly
Igama: Ornithoptera alexandrae
Loluvemvane lujabulela isihloko sokuqanjwa njengovemvane olukhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni ngenxa yobukhulu bamaphiko alo amakhulu angafinyelela ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-31. Imibala ingahluka kuye ngobulili bovemvane njengoba ezinsikazi zinombala onsundu ngokumpunga ezinamachashaza athile amhlophe kuzo, kuyilapho eyeduna ishintshashintsha eminye imibala nemithunzi, ikakhulukazi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuluhlaza emaphikweni azo. Indawo yayo isePapua New Guinea izimvemvane ezivamile kulezo zindawo, zitholakala ezindaweni ezinemvula noma ezinomswakama.
i-butterfly ye-aurora
Igama: Anthocharis cardamines
Zinezimpiko ezinhle yingakho yaziwa njengelinye lamavemvane ahlabayo emhlabeni, amaphiko alo amhlophe, kodwa anezindawo ezehlukene ezinemibala ehlukene njengowolintshi obonakala emaphikweni alo amaningi, uma uwavula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungawazisa umbala weqiniso otholakala emithunzini ehlukene, okwenza kube umbukwane kanye nephuzu lokunakwa okukhulu ukuze ukwazi ukubabaza, lo mbala uwusizo kakhulu kuvemvane ngoba ulusiza ukucashela izilwane ezidla ezinye futhi lungakwazi. kufihlwe izitshalo.
Loluvemvane lutholakala e-Europe nase-Asia, indawo yalo yakhiwe izindawo ezinohlaza olukhulu njengedlelo elikhulu, empeleni luba yinto ehehayo ngoba luhlangana kahle nekhaya lalo, okuyisiza ukuthi lugqame kakhulu.
I-Dark Goblin Butterfly
Igama: Cupidus minimus
Ingenye yezimvemvane ezincane kunazo zonke ezikhona, ezinobude obuphakathi kwamasentimitha angama-20 no-30 ubukhulu. Amaphiko ayo anombala ompunga ongakwazi ukushintsha umbala wayo njengoba kokunye ingaba mnyama futhi ibanda kanti kokunye ingaba nesiliva, iphinde ibe nezingxenye zamaphiko ayo anemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amaphiko ayo angaba mhlophe noma aphaphatheke. okumpunga okunamaphuzu amancane amhlophe kuwo.
Le uvemvane itholakala eNgilandi, eScotland nase-Ireland, lezi zimvemvane zakha indawo yazo ezindaweni ezigcwele uhlaza olufana nezimfunda, izingadi kanye nemigwaqo nezindawo eziseduze kwazo, ngakho-ke kwabaningi kungaba yinto evamile kakhulu.
Ungashiyi ngaphandle kokufunda lezi zihloko ezilandelayo: