Izimfudu, ama-chelonians noma ezaziwa futhi emphakathini wesayensi ngokuthi ama-Testudines, izilwane ezingamalungu ohlelo lwezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezibizwa ngokuthi iSauropsida, futhi ziyiqembu elidala kunazo zonke lezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezikhona namuhla, njengoba zinemvelaphi enkathini ye-Triassic. Uma ufuna ukufunda okwengeziwe ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezimfudu ezikhona, ungangabazi isikhashana ukuhamba ngaphandle kokuthi uqale ufunde lesi sihloko esikhulu.
Izimfudu
Isici esibonakala kakhulu salezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo ezinhle igobolondo lazo elikhulu, elimboza wonke umzimba wazo obanzi nofushane, ingasaphathwa eyokuthi livikela zonke izitho zazo zangaphakathi. Okulandelayo kulesi sihloko sizobuyekeza zonke izinhlobo zezimfudu ezikhona kanye nezici eziyingqayizivele zalezi zinhlobo.
Izici
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, izimfudu ziyizilwane ezihuquzelayo ezinegobolondo elikhulu ngokwanele elakhiwe ngamapuleti ahlukene ahlangene kakhulu ahlanganiswe ne-plastron, futhi, leli gobolondo elifanayo lisebenza ikakhulukazi ukuvikela izitho zalo kanye nohlaka lwamathambo. Futhi, naphezu kokuthi kubonakala sengathi igobolondo labo lihlukaniswe nomzimba wezimfudu, iqiniso liwukuthi izimbambo zabo zinamathele kuso, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuba bahlukane nalo.
Izimfudu zinomlomo oqinile futhi ocijile, nakuba zingenamazinyo ngokuphelele. Banentamo ende futhi eguquguqukayo ebasiza ukuthi belule ikhanda labo kakhulu, nakuba futhi bayisebenzisela ukufihla ikhanda labo egobolondweni ngesivinini esikhulu, lokhu bakwenza kuphela lapho bezizwa besongelwa noma ezimeni ezinkulu. ukucindezeleka.
Lolu hlobo lofudu lunegazi elibandayo. Anamapheya amabili emilenze kanye nomsila ubukhulu nokuma kwawo kungahluka ngokuphelele kuye ngohlobo nobulili bayo. Ngokulandelayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusho ukuthi izimfudu zasemhlabeni zinobukhulu obuphakathi kwamasentimitha angama-26 no-30 ubude; Njengezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane, endabeni yezimfudu kukhona i-dimorphism yobulili, okungukuthi, ezinsikazi zikhudlwana kuneziduna.
Zinjani izimfudu zasemhlabeni?
Okokuqala, njengoba kushiwo kulesi sihloko, izimfudu ziyizilwane ezihuquzelayo; Zinobude obuphelele obuvame ukuhluka phakathi kwamasentimitha angu-25 no-30, nakuba izinhlobo ezincane kakhulu zingakala amasentimitha angu-12 kuphela, ngaphezu kwalokhu, zingaba nesisindo esiphakathi kuka-600 amagremu no-1 kilogram.
Isikhathi sokuphila salezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo ezinhle ngokuvamile sisukela eminyakeni eyi-10 kuya kwengama-90, nakuba eziningi zalezi zimfudu zingaphila kalula iminyaka eyi-100. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, bafinyelela ekuvuthweni kwabo ngokobulili phakathi kweminyaka engaba yisikhombisa nesishiyagalolunye ubudala, futhi lapho sebelapho, bangaqala ukuzala ngendlela ye-ovoviviparous, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ku-clutch ngayinye bangabeka amaqanda amahlanu noma ayisikhombisa. bayoba ne-incubation ezohlala phakathi kwezinyanga ezimbili nezintathu.
Izimfudu nazo ziyizilwane ezinemikhuba yansuku zonke futhi azihambi futhi zizolile, nakuba ezimweni ezimbalwa kakhulu zingaba nolaka. Ukudla kwayo kuwukudla okudliwayo. Naphezu kwalokhu okushiwo ngenhla, isilinganiso sokuphila kwezimfudu zomhlaba okungenani iminyaka engu-60, okuba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu, ngoba uma uhlose ukuthatha enye yalezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo, uzochitha cishe yonke impilo yakho eceleni kwakho.
Izinhlobo Zomfudu Womhlaba
Izimfudu zasezweni zinentamo ende futhi eguquguqukayo ezikwazi ukwelula ikhanda lazo kakhulu ukuze zifinyelele ukudla okuhlukahlukene, futhi zingakufihla ngokushesha ukuze zizivikele ezingozini ezihlukahlukene, njengezilwane ezizidlayo noma abantu abafanayo.
Nakuba izimfudu zingenamazinyo ngokuphelele, imilomo yazo inencazelo efana noqhwaku futhi inemihlathi eqinile impela. Ngokungafani nezimfudu zasolwandle, izimfudu azinawo ulwelwesi ezinyaweni zazo futhi izinzwane zazo zithuthukiswe kakhulu ukuhamba emhlabeni.
Lezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo eziyingqayizivele zingakwazi futhi ukulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo ngokusekelwe emazingeni okushisa emvelo yazo yonke; Kungalesi sizathu iningi lalezi zimfudu zivame ukulala ebusika. Kodwa-ke, endabeni yezimfudu ezifuywayo, lokhu kungcwatshwa akukho nhlobo, noma kungase kwenzeke ngezinga elincane ngoba amazinga okushisa ekhaya lethu azohlala ezinzile kakhulu. Ngezansi ungathola uhlu lwezinhlobo zezimfudu ezikhona:
ufudu lwebhokisi
I-box turtle iyisilwane esihuquzelayo esitholakala ikakhulukazi eMexico nase-United States of America. Igobolondo lalezi zimfudu linomumo wedome elinengxenye engezansi eshiwoyo, ezivumela ukuthi zivale igobolondo lazo noma nini lapho zifuna ukuzivikela kunoma yiluphi uhlobo losongo. Ngokuvamile, leli gobolondo elifanayo livame ukuba nsundu ngemidwebo ethile ewolintshi noma ephuzi kancane. Ingxenye ye-ventral noma ebizwa nangokuthi i-plastron insundu ngokumnyama kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile inombala ofanayo, nakuba ingaba namachashaza amnyama.
Lesi sigaba sezimfudu ngokuvamile sinekhanda elincane futhi umlomo wazo usesimweni sehhuku. Endabeni yezimfudu zesilisa zalolu hlobo, zine-iris ebomvu ngokulinganayo, kanti ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezinsikazi zine-iris ephuzi. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, abesilisa bavame ukuba nezinzipho ezimfushane neziqinile emilenzeni yabo yangaphambili, nomsila wabo uba mude futhi uba banzi. Lolu hlobo oluthile lofudu lungaba nosayizi ophakathi kuka-15 no-20 wamasentimitha ubude.
ufudu lwaseMedithera
Izimfudu zaseMedithera, ngokuyisisekelo, ziyizinhlobo zezimfudu ezingahlala kuphela ezindaweni zomhlaba ezinezimo zezulu zaseMedithera. Igobolondo layo liyi-convex, lingaphansi kancane kunalelo lezinhlobo ezishiwo ngenhla, elinamathoni noma amabala amnyama kakhulu nansundu. Indawo ephakathi nendawo yegobolondo layo ilula kakhulu ngombala, futhi inamachashaza amabili athi mnyama alimboze cishe ngokuphelele.
Njengoba kwenzeka ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezimfudu, izimfudu zaseMedithera kukhona i-dimorphism yocansi, okungukuthi, abesilisa balolu hlobo bancane kakhulu kunezinsikazi, umsila wabo mkhulu futhi mude futhi isifunda se-ventral si-concave, ngokuphambene nalokho, kwabesifazane kuba sicaba ngokuphelele. Umdwebo wegobolondo nobukhulu bayo kuzoncika ngokuphelele endaweni lapho lolu fudu okukhulunywa ngalo luvela khona, noma kunjalo, into evamile kakhulu ukuthi ubukhulu balo buhluka phakathi kwamasentimitha angu-18 no-21 ubude.
ufudu lwaseRussia
Izimfudu zaseRussia ziyizinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zofudu lwasemhlabeni ukuba zithathwe njengesilwane esifuywayo. Igobolondo lalezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo liyisicaba, lincane kakhulu liyi-convex uma liqhathaniswa nazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo zezimfudu futhi linomumo oyindilinga kancane. Umbala waleli gobolondo elifanayo unamathoni ansundu ngokuthinta okuphuzi kanye ne-ocher.
Yonke imilenze yayo iqinile futhi inezinzipho ezine ezicacile nezinde. Izihlangu enazo endaweni ye-ventral yomzimba wayo zimnyama impela kodwa zinemiphetho ecacile. Njengezinhlobo ezishiwo ngenhla, izimfudu zaseRussia zine-dimorphism yobulili, njengoba abesifazane ngokuvamile banobukhulu obuphakathi kwamasentimitha angu-20 no-22 ubude, kanti ngakolunye uhlangothi, abesilisa banobude obuphakathi kuka-16 no-18. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi umsila walezi zimfudu ugcina ngophondo olunezimpondo.
ufudu olumnyama
Izimfudu ezinamathanga ziyizilwane ezihuquzelayo ezitholakala e-Asia, eYurophu nase-Afrika. Lawa anegobolondo le-convex eliningi elinamathoni aluhlaza okotshani omnqumo, ngaphezu kwalokho, ipuleti ngalinye legobolondo lalo linomkhawulo omnyama. Esifundeni sayo esiphakathi nendawo yethula umbala ophuzi namachashaza athile amnyama. Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi esinye sezici eziyinhloko zalolu hlobo ukuthi lunepuleti elingaphezu komsila ongahlukanisiwe.
Ikhanda lalolu hlobo lofudu linombala ophuzi elinamabala amnyama amakhulu kakhulu, ingasaphathwa eyezikali ezimbili ezivelele elibuye libe nalo ekhanda lalo. Kanti, izimfudu ezinamathanga anamehlo aqhumile njengamaxoxo; imilenze yazo yonke ineziqephu ezinkulu nezicijile, ngiphinde ngiyizwe imilenze yazo yangemuva imincane kuneyangaphambili. Emilenzeni yazo yangemuva inezinzipho ezine ezinde futhi ezicijile futhi emilenzeni yazo yangaphambili inezinzipho ezinhlanu zalezi.
Umsila wabo mfishane kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo zomfudu wezwe, futhi ngokungafani nofudu lwaseRussia, izimfudu ezinamathanga azinayo i-spur emsila wazo, kodwa-ke, zinenye emathangeni abo. Ubukhulu balolu hlobo bungahluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi i-subspecies ye-turtle; isibonelo, ezimfuduni ezinamathanga e-spur eNhlonhlweni yase-Iberia, zingakala ngokwesilinganiso phakathi kwamasentimitha ayi-15 no-18 ubude; futhi njengazo zonke izimfudu, ezinsikazi nazo zinkulu kakhulu kuneziduna.
Thenga I-Land Turtle
Izimfudu ziwuhlobo lwesilwane esingaba ezifuywayo, noma kunjalo, zidinga ukunakekelwa okuqinile okungahlonishwa kuzo zonke izimo. Ngaphambi kokwamukela esinye salezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo ezinhle, kufanele uqaphele kakhulu futhi unqume ngokuphelele ukuthi uzosinakekela cishe impilo yaso yonke, kahle-hle, khumbula ukuthi izimfudu ziyizilwane eziphila isikhathi eside kakhulu ezinesikhathi sokuphila esicishe silingane ubuntu babantu; ikakhulukazi, izimfudu ezihlala emanzini ngokuvamile ziphila phakathi kweminyaka eyi-10 nengama-20 futhi endabeni yezimfudu zasemhlabeni, zingaphila kalula phakathi kweminyaka engama-80 neyi-100 ubudala.
Kufanele wazi wonke umthwalo wemfanelo omkhulu ohilela ukuthatha esinye salezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo njengesilwane esifuywayo futhi kufanele uzazise kahle ngakho konke ukunakekelwa ezikudingayo ukuze uphile impilo ende nejabulisayo. Ngezansi ungabona ngokucacile konke ukunakekelwa okudingwa ufudu nokuthi ungaluthathaphi olunye lwalokhu.
Ukuthenga kuphi
Uma kwenzeka ufuna ukuthatha ufudu, okokuqala kufanele uguqule ngokuphelele indlu yakho ukuze isilwane sakho esisha siphile ngaphandle kobunzima. Manje, lapho uzithenga, kungcono uhambe nomdayisi omuhle onedumela elihle kanye nawo wonke amalayisensi abo; lo mthengisi ofanayo kumele abe nezimfudu ezindaweni ezanele ukuze zihlale ezimweni ezinhle futhi zizigcine zisesimweni esinempilo nokubukeka. Ngaphezu kwakho konke lokhu, kufanele futhi ube nawo wonke amadokhumenti nolwazi oludingekayo mayelana nofudu ngalunye onalo.
Into evamile kakhulu ukuthi esitolo sezilwane ezifuywayo esivamile ngeke uthole izinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu zezilwane, ngakho-ke kungaba kuhle kakhulu ukuhamba nomfuyi okhethekile, kodwa-ke, njalo uqinisekisa ukuthi yonke inqubo isemthethweni ngokuphelele. Futhi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhumbula ukuthi ungathola kuphela izimfudu eziye zafuywa ekuthunjweni kukho konke ukuphila kwazo, njengoba ukwamukela izimfudu endle kuyisenzo esingekho emthethweni ngokuphelele esilimaza isifanekiso esithile kanye nazo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane. Mhla ekugcineni unquma ukuthatha isilwane sakho esisha, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi ufudu luhlangabezana nazo zonke lezi zici:
- Ungabi nekhala
- Sabela kukho konke ukunyakaza noma indawo okuyo iyonke
- Ungashayi ikhwela, ingasaphathwa eyokuhefuzela lapho uphefumula
- Ungabi namehlo aguqubele noma akhukhumele kancane
- Ukuthi igobolondo layo liqinile impela, ngaphandle uma uhlobo oluyingxenye yalo linegobolondo elithambile. Uma le pose imifantu noma izimbobo akusho ngempela ukuthi uyagula noma ulimele.
- Iba nempilo esebenzayo.
Intengo emaphakathi
Ngokuvamile, intengo yezimfudu zasezweni ivamise ukuba phezulu kakhulu kunaleyo yezimfudu ezihlala emanzini futhi lokhu kungaba kalula phakathi kwama-euro angama-80 nama-300. Lo mehluko omkhulu ngentengo ubangelwa ukuthi izimfudu ngokuvamile zinzima kakhulu ukukhulisa ngokunempilo ekuthunjweni.
I-Land Turtle Care
Kahle-ke, njengoba usuzazi zonke izinhlobo zezimfudu zomhlaba ezikhona nokuthi injani inqubo yokuthatha enye yalezi, manje kufanele uzazise kahle ngokuziphatha, ukuphakela kanye nakho konke ukunakekelwa okufanele lezi zimfudu zikuthathe. impilo enempilo eceleni kwakho.
Ukuziphatha
Ngokuvamile, izimfudu ziyizilwane ezolile futhi ezinokuthula, uma kwenzeka noma yikuphi usongo azisoze zaziphatha nganoma iyiphi indlela enolaka, kodwa zizosebenzisa igobolondo labo kuphela ukufihla. Okuvame kakhulu ukuthi zihlala zodwa ngokuphelele futhi azihlali kakhulu nezinye izimfudu. Ukuze baphephele, bamba imigede emikhudlwana futhi abalokothi baphambuke kakhulu kuyo, ngaphandle uma kunjalo, ukudla kuyindlala kakhulu endaweni yabo. Naphezu kwalokhu, esigabeni sokuzalanisa, abesilisa bangaqala ukukhombisa ukuziphatha kwezindawo kanye nolaka kwezinye izimfudu zesilisa, ngisho nokuluma noma ukushaya besebenzisa igobolondo labo.
I-Terrarium ilungele oFudu
Izimfudu ze-Gopher zingaphila ngokunethezeka ngaphandle nangaphakathi. Naphezu kokuthi une-terrarium enhle nakho konke ukunethezeka, kuyohlale kuhle kakhulu uma umvumela ukuba aphume futhi ahambe endlini yakho amahora ambalwa nsuku zonke; khumbula njalo ukuthi izimfudu zomhlaba zidinga ukuhamba ukuze zibe nempilo engcono kakhulu.
Manje, ngenkathi ufudu lwakho luseluncane, ungalugcina ngaphandle kwenkinga ku-terrarium noma kunoma yisiphi isitsha seglasi lofudu oluyifanele, noma kunjalo, kusukela ngosuku owamukela ngalo kufanele ucabange ngokucophelela ukuthi iyiphi indawo yokuhlala lapho uzoba nayo. kuzofana nokuthi, kufanele uhlale ukhumbula ukuthi ufudu lwakho oluncane luzokhula, futhi luzokhula kancane. Khumbula ukufunda izigaba ezedlule ukuze uthole ukuthi ufudu lwakho lungakhula kangakanani uma selukhulile.
Uma ufudu lwakho selukhulile ngokugcwele, akunconywa nakancane ukuthi ugcine ufudu lwakho endaweni eyingilazi ngoba mancane kakhulu ngobukhulu balezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo, ingasaphathwa eyokuthi umoya walezi zindawo ezihlala kuzo akwanele. futhi ngisho nalokhu kungena komoya kungabangela izinkinga ezithile zokuphefumula kuwo.
Okutuswa kakhulu ukuthi wakha ipeni elincane elenziwe ngokhuni, futhi kufanele libe okungenani imitha elilodwa ububanzi nemitha elilodwa ubude, ingasaphathwa ephakeme ngokwanele ukuze ufudu lungakwazi ukukhuphuka lubaleke. Phakathi kwazo zonke izinto okufanele i-terrarium yofudu lwakho ibe nazo, noma ipeni layo elincane, sithola izinto ezifana nalezi ezilandelayo:
Amanzi: Ngaphakathi kwendawo ebiyelwe lapho ufudu lwakho lukhona, beka isitsha esigcwele amanzi anobude obufushane kakhulu ukuze luphuze amanzi futhi lugeze ngokuphelele. Naso lesi sitsha kumele sibe phansi ngokwanele ukuze sikwazi ukukhuphuka ngaphandle kwenkinga, ingasaphathwa eyokuthi sibe sikhulu kakhulu ukuze sikwazi ukucwila futhi sigeze. Khumbula njalo ukushintsha amanzi nsuku zonke.
Amadlelo: Uma ufuna ukulingisa indawo yayo yemvelo ngangokunokwenzeka, kuvame ukutuswa kakhulu ukuthi ubeke utshani noma ubeke umhlabathi lapho ungatshala khona amakhambi adliwayo ahlukene, afanele ukuphinda asetshenziswe, ufudu lwakho luzodla kamuva.
Isiphephelo: Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, izimfudu endle zivame ukumba imigede ehlukene ukuze ziphephele endaweni ezizungezile, ungakwazi ukuthenga kalula noma wenze indawo yokukhosela encane ngokwakho ukuze i-terrarium ibukeke kakhulu njengendawo yokuhlala yemvelo yesilwane sakho. Lesi siphephelo kufanele sibe yindawo emnyama lapho ufudu lwakho lungazizwa luvikelekile.
Isendlalelo: Okokuqala, phenya kahle ukuthi umjaho ufudu lwakho uvela ezindaweni eziwugwadule, noma ezindaweni ezishisayo. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi i-turtle yakho imvelaphi eshisayo, izodinga i-substrate engagcina umswakama, okungukuthi, igxolo likakhukhunathi noma i-moss nayo ingasetshenziswa. Inketho enhle kakhulu ye-terrarium substrate ingaba ingxube ye-mulch yamaqabunga, i-moss kanye nenhlabathi egayiwe. Manje, endabeni yezimfudu zasogwadule, zizodinga i-substrate eyomile kakhulu njengotshani obomile, iphepha noma i-hay. Ngeke kube umqondo omuhle ukubeka amatshe noma isihlabathi, ngoba lezi zimfudu zingadla
Izinsiza: Ukuze i-turtle yakho encane ibe nokuphila okujabulisayo kakhulu futhi ingaphazanyiswa, inketho enhle ingaba ukubeka izakhi zokuhlobisa noma izingodo ezincane ngaphakathi kwe-terrarium noma indawo yokuhlala, qiniseka ukuthi lezi zakhi zokuhlobisa azikwazi ukulimaza nganoma iyiphi indlela. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, enye inketho enhle kakhulu kungaba ukubeka ezinye izintambo ukuze ufudu lwakho lukwazi ukukhuphuka futhi luhambe kakhulu. Ungakhetha futhi ukubeka amatshe ayisicaba ukuze izinzipho zesilwane sethu singagqoki kakhulu.
Isibani: Esinye sezidingo eziyinhloko izimfudu ezinazo ukuthi zidinga ukukhanya kwelanga okuhle, imisebe ye-UVA ne-UVB ukuze zilondoloze izinga lokushisa lomzimba elihle futhi zivikele nezifo ezihlukahlukene njengokuntuleka kwe-calcium. Into etuseka kakhulu ukuthi zigcinwe endaweni lapho ukukhanya kwelanga kuzishaya khona ngokuqondile, ngaphandle kwamakristalu phakathi nendawo. Uma kwenzeka lokhu kungenakwenzeka, ungakhetha ukuthenga isibani esikhethekile sezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezinemisebe ye-UVB, ngokuvamile, izibani eziwusizo kakhulu yilezo ezinokukhanya kwe-fluorescent.
Naphezu kwalokhu, hlala ubuza uchwepheshe noma uchwepheshe ngale ndaba ukuthi iyiphi inketho engcono kakhulu onayo nofudu lwakho; Ngemuva kwalokhu, landela uhlamvu zonke izincomo umenzi akunika zona ukuze uzinakekele futhi uzifake, ngoba lezi zibani zihlala isikhathi esithile kuphela futhi kufanele uzishintshe njalo. Lesi sibani kufanele sihlale sikhanyisiwe eduze kofudu lwakho okungenani amahora ayishumi noma ayishumi nambili nsuku zonke, futhi ebangeni eliphezulu eliphakathi kwamasentimitha angama-30 no-40.
Ithempelesha: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina izinga lokushisa le-terrarium lilawulwa ngokuphelele, ngoba lesi sikhala kufanele sibe nendawo epholile, ezoba nokushisa okuphezulu okungaba ngu-20 degrees Celsius; kufanele futhi ibe nendawo efudumele efinyelela ku-28 degrees centigrade. Kodwa-ke, zonke izinhlobo zinebanga lokushisa elihlukile, ngakho-ke, kufanele uthole kahle ngochwepheshe ukuthi liyini izinga lokushisa elifanele lesibonelo sakho esithile. Qinisekisa ukuthi lelizinga lokushisa lilawulwa nge-thermometer ukuze ube nesiqiniseko esiphelele sokuthi isimo sezulu silungele impilo enempilo.
Uma kwenzeka udinga ukuphakamisa izinga lokushisa le-terrarium, inketho engcono kakhulu ingaba ukuthenga i-ceramic heater yezilwane ezihuquzelayo; Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubalulekile ukucabangela umswakama wendawo yonke yendawo yokuhlala, futhi uma kwenzeka indawo ezungezile yomile kakhulu, kufanele ubeke i-humidifier ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoba khumbula ukuthi umoya owomile ungabangela izimfudu izinkinga ezahlukene zokuphefumula kanye nokucasuka emehlweni.
Ukudla
Ikakhulukazi, izimfudu ziyizilwane ezihuquzelayo ezidla uhlaza, ngaphandle kwasebhokisini ufudu, oluyi-omnivorous; lezi zidla ikakhulukazi izithelo ezimsulwa, imifino futhi ngokusobala, imifino. Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele icatshangelwe ukuthi ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo akufanele unikeze noma yiluphi uhlobo lokudla komuntu, okungukuthi, inyama, ngoba ufudu lwakho lungase lube lukhuni futhi ludle inyama, kangangokuthi luzoyeka ukudla imifino.
Phakathi kwazo zonke izinketho zokudla esingazinika izimfudu zethu, sithola ukudla okulungiselelwe ngokukhethekile izimfudu, ongakuthola kalula kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezilwane ezifuywayo, ngendlela efanayo, ungathenga izinketho eziningana futhi ubone ukuthi yikuphi okuthandayo kwesilwane sakho, khumbula ukuthi lokhu cishe kungukudla okuyinhloko kukho konke ukudla kwabo.
Naphezu kwalokhu okushiwo ngenhla, ukuze ugcwalise kangcono ukudla kwakho, singangeza nezinhlobonhlobo zemifino emisha kakhulu, khumbula njalo ukuthi lokhu kudla kuhlanzeke ngokuphelele, akunazibulala-zinambuzane futhi kusha kakhulu. Uma eseqedile ukudla, susa zonke izinsalela zokudla endaweni yakhe ngaphambi kokuba zibole. Khumbula ukuthi izithelo nazo ziyinketho enhle yokugcwalisa ukudla kwakho; gwema ukumnika noma yiziphi izithelo ezisawolintshi ngazo zonke izindlela.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha Kwezimfudu Zasemhlabeni
Izimfudu, ezibizwa nangokuthi izimfudu, ngokuvamile zifinyelela ukuvuthwa ngokobulili lapho zineminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye, endabeni yezimfudu zezinsikazi, futhi endabeni yabesilisa, zihlala zifinyelela iminyaka eyisikhombisa ubudala. Inkathi yokuzalanisa kwezimfudu ngokuvamile ivela phakathi kwezinyanga zika-April no-June, ngokuqondile phakathi nalesi sikhathi esifanayo amaduna avame ukujaha ezinsikazi amahora amade, azishaye ngegobolondo lazo, noma alume imilenze yawo emincane.
Ukukhulelwa kwamaqanda abo kuvame ukuhlala isikhathi esingangezinyanga ezimbili. Uma ezinsikazi zizalela amaqanda azo amasha, zikwenza lokho emigodini engakala phakathi kwamasentimitha ayishumi noma ayishumi nambili ukujula, ezakha isidleke sazo. Esimweni lapho inhlabathi ingathambile ngokwanele ukuba bambe futhi babeke amaqanda abo, bangawagcina isikhathi esithile, noma kunjalo, lokhu kungaba yingozi kakhulu empilweni yabo. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, izimfudu ngokuvamile zizalela amaqanda amahlanu kuya kwayisikhombisa, nakuba ezinye izinhlobo ezithile zingabekela amaqanda angaba ngu-20.
Kodwa-ke, endabeni yezimfudu eziye zafuywa ekuthunjweni, into evamile kakhulu ukuthi amaqanda azo abekwe kuma-incubator okwenziwa, futhi ngale ndlela, inani elikhulu kunawo wonke lenzalo lizotholakala. Ukuchanyuselwa kwamaqanda kuncike kakhulu ekushiseni kwezwe lapho akhona, izinga lokushisa liphakeme, ukufukamela kufushane, nakuba into evamile ukuthi cishe izinyanga ezimbili noma ezintathu. Okujwayelekile kakhulu ukuthi amaqanda achanyuselwa phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu, nokho, amaningi awo angathatha isonto eligcwele.
Uma lezi zinsizwa zichanyuselwa, izimfudu ezincane ngokuvamile zithatha amahora angu-24-48 ukuze zichanyuselwe ngokuphelele emaqandeni azo. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi la maphuphu amancane alinganisa cishe phakathi kwamasentimitha amathathu namahlanu ubude ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kwawo.
Uma ufuna ukufunda okwengeziwe ngazo zonke izilwane emhlabeni wonke, ungacabangi isikhashana ukushiya leli khasi ngaphandle kokuthi uqale ufunde lezi zihloko ezintathu ezinhle: