Funda kulo lonke lesi sihloko mayelana ezahlukene izinhlobo ze ukuhlola eChile, izici zayo nayo yonke imininingwane. Hlangana nabo!
Izinhlobo zamasheke e-Chile
Amasheke cishe amathuluzi ezezimali aphelelwe yisikhathi ngenxa yokukhuphuka kwezindlela zokukhokha ezintsha njengamakhadi okukhokha, amakhadi esikweletu kanye nezinkundla zedijithali ezinendlela yokudlulisela ezinkampanini zangaphandle. Nokho, kuyindlela yokukhokha esasetshenziswa abantu ngabanye nezinkampani.
Kulolu hlelo lwemibono sizoqala ngokuchaza ukuthi isheke liyincwadi yezimali lapho umuntu ekhipha inkokhelo yomqondo othile kumuntu wesithathu ngebhange.
Ngokunengqondo, inani lemali kufanele libe khona emalini yomnikazi we-akhawunti, okungukuthi, umuntu okhipha isheke.
E-Chile, indikimba ebusayo yomkhakha wamabhange yi-Superintendence of Banks and Banking Institutions futhi inquma ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezine zamasheke e-Chile. Okulandelayo, sikuchazela ngazo ngayo yonke imininingwane yazo.
Isheke lokuzisholo
Lolu olunye lwezinhlobo zokuhlola e-Chile. Inezici ezithile eziyehlukanisayo, njengokulandelayo:
Izici
Inezici ezilandelayo:
- Lolu hlobo lwesheke kufanele lufakwe ebhange kuphela ngumhlomuli, okungukuthi, umuntu onikezwe isheke.
- Ibonisa ukweqa imishwana ethi “ukuhleleka kokuthi” kanye nokuthi “umthwali.”
- Alidluliseleki komunye umuntu.
- Ingafakwa ku-akhawunti yokuhlola yomzuzi.
- Ngeke kugunyazwe.
Inqubo yokwenza imali ngalolu hlobo lwesheke manje isichazwe kuwe:
- Ngenisa isheke.
- Ngemuva kwesheke faka i-Rut yakho nenombolo yocingo
- Yiya ebhokisini ukuze ulande imali noma uyifake ku-akhawunti yakho.
- Uma ufisa ukuyifaka, kufanele ubeke inombolo ye-akhawunti yakho ngemuva.
hlola uku-oda
Kulolu hlobo lwesheke kumele kubekwe igama elithi “payable to order”, ngokunjalo kubalulekile ukubeka igama lalowo ohlomulayo bese weqa igama elithi “ophethe”. Kodwa-ke, leli thuluzi lingagunyazwa ngokuvuna inkampani yangaphandle ngumzuzi futhi ngaleyo ndlela livumele ukubekwa kwesheke ebhange futhi lenze lisebenze njengokungathi umphathi.
Izici
Lokhu kuhlola kunezici ezilandelayo
- Igama lalowo ohlomulayo liphrintwa eshekeni, kanye nenkulumo ethi "Khokha i-oda lika".
- Kubalulekile ukuthi wethule umazisi wakho esikhulwini sasebhange ukuze uhlole ubuqiniso bobunikazi bakho.
- Leli thuluzi lasebhange lingaphansi kokudluliselwa komunye umuntu ngokuligunyaza.
- Isheke liphethe inkulumo ethi "noma umphathi".
Ukuze ukhiphe lolu hlobo lwesheke ebhange, kufanele wenze lokhu esikuchaza ngezansi:
- Kufanele isayinwe ngaphambili.
- Bhala i-RUT yakho kanye nenombolo yocingo ngemuva.
- Kungenzeka ukuthi ukhokhise ngebhokisi noma, uma wehluleka, ufake idiphozi ku-akhawunti.
- Kungenzeka ukuthi uyifake, kufanele njalo ubhale i-akhawunti ngemuva bese uyiwela ngaphambili.
- Ungakwazi futhi ukuyifaka ku-akhawunti yokuhlola yenkampani yangaphandle.
isheke lomthwali
Ake sibone ngokulandelayo ukuthi yiziphi izici zolunye uhlobo lwamasheke e-Chile, njengalawo ajwayelekile.
Izici
- Lolu hlobo lwesheke lukhethekile kumhlomuli, ogama lakhe liboniswa ethuluzini, yingakho lingadluliseleki komunye umuntu, ngaphandle kwaseBhange elifanayo lapho kwenziwa khona isenzo sokuqoqa: "inani ku-akhawunti ukuqoqwa" noma ngokuzenzakalelayo "kuzofakwa ku-akhawunti yami yokuhlola". Lezi zinkulumo zibekwe ngemuva kwesheke.
Likhishwa kanjani isheke le-bearer?
Ukuze uqhubeke nokuqoqwa kwalolu hlobo lwesheke kufanele wenze okulandelayo:
- Kufanele isayinwe ngaphesheya.
- Bhala i-RUT yakho nenombolo yocingo ngemuva.
- Ingaqoqwa ngokwethulwa kwemali noma ifakwe ku-akhawunti yomzuzi.
- Ukufaka idiphozi, kufanele ubhale i-akhawunti ngemuva bese uyiwela uye phambili.
isheke eleqa
Lolu olunye uhlobo lwamasheke e-Chile, olumele ukuba yithuluzi elikhethekile kakhulu. Inhloso yawo eyinhloko ukugwema noma yiluphi uhlobo lokukhwabanisa ezimpahleni zomnikazi we-akhawunti ngokuvimbela ukuthi ziqoqwe ngokheshi etafuleni lemali lebhange. Inhloso yayo ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ifakwe kwenye i-akhawunti yamanje, imigqa emibili ehambisanayo idwetshwa eshekeni futhi yawela.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi amanye amasheke afana ne-Bearer, Nominative kanye ne-Order angawela. Isexwayiso esibalulekile kubasebenzisi ukuthi uMthetho Kuma-Akhawunti Amanje Namasheke uvimbela ngokusobala umphathi wokufanayo ekwenzeni izinguquko noma asule imigqa ephambene yesheke eliwele. Uyafuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngezezimali? Ngiyakumema ukuba ufunde lesi sihloko esithakazelisayo isiko lezezimali
Izici
Izici eziyinhloko zezinhlobo zamasheke e-Chile, isheke eleqile yilezi ezilandelayo:
- Isheke elinemigqa emibili ephambanayo nehambisanayo edwetshwe ngaphambili.
- Leli sheke lingafakwa kuphela ku-akhawunti yokuhlola.
- Ingagunyazwa komunye ozuzayo one-akhawunti yokuhlola noma ofuna ukuyigunyaza.
- Kokubili amasheke ukuze a-odwe, amasheke omuntu ophethe kanye namasheke okuqokwa angadluliswa.
- Umbandela "oweqiwe" wesheke awunakuqedwa, njengoba Umthetho Wama-akhawunti Amanje Asebhange kanye namasheke uvimbela ngokusobala umphathi ukuthi asule noma aguqule imigqa enqamulayo kanye nezinkomba zesheke eleqiwe.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana namasheke
Ngalokho okushiwo ezigabeni ezedlule, sikwazisa ngezinhlobo zamasheke e-Chile. Ngezansi sizokuchaza okucatshangelwayo okuthakaselayo okufanele ukwazi mayelana namasheke.
Ukuqina
Sonke kufanele siqaphele kakhulu idatha okufanele ivele eshekeni ukuze isebenze
Kubalulekile ukubeka idatha eshekeni ngendlela ecacile nenembayo, engadali ukungabaza noma ukunemba okungafaka engozini ukufaneleka kwayo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela kakhulu kulezi zici ezilandelayo:
- Uma isheke ligunyazwa: umushwana wamadiphozithi kuphela kufanele ubhalwe ekhoneni elingaphezulu kolunye uhlangothi lwesheke, kanye nenombolo ye-akhawunti.
- Njengamanje amasheke anesikhala ngemuva esiklanyelwe ukubeka igama, isibongo nekheli. Kubaluleke kakhulu kumsebenzisi ukuthi agcwalise le fomethi ngendlela efundekayo nangoyinki omnyama noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- Okulandelayo, kunengxenye lapho usuku lubekwe khona: usuku, inyanga kanye nonyaka wokukhishwa kwesheke.
- Engxenyeni yesithathu kufanele ufake igama lomuntu noma inkampani okuzolethwa kuyo le dokhumenti (uma uzokhipha imali, kuzodingeka ubhale igama elithi cash).
- Uzodinga isikhala ukuze ubhale inani lemali
- Kukhona nesikhala sokuthi ubhale inani elifanayo ngezinhlamvu
- Kunesikhala sokuthi ubhale igama lebhange lapho une-akhawunti yasebhange.
- Beka into oyithengile endaweni ehambisanayo njengesikhumbuzi. (Amanye amabhange abiza lesi sikhala ngokuthi imemo.)
- Kunomugqa wokuthi unamathisele isiginesha yakho kanye nokugunyazwa yibhange ukuletha isheke
- Lapha kubhalwe inombolo yesheke, ukuze ukwazi ukugcina ithrekhi yokuthi mangaki amasheke owakhiphile, ubeke usuku, inani, kanye nomhlomuli ozomhambisela lolu hlobo lwenkokhelo.
- Kufanele futhi ubhale inombolo ye-akhawunti yakho, enezinombolo eziyishumi, ukuze ibhange laziswe ukuthi imali ivelaphi.
- Manje uzobhala inombolo ye-interbank transit, evumela ukuthi ibhange elikhiphe isheke laziwe, ngale nombolo livunyelwe ukwenza idiphozithi ngqo futhi ngenxa yalo msebenzi kwenza kube lula ngoMnyango Wezokuvikela ukwenza idiphozi ye-elekthronikhi yesheke lomholo wakho ngqo ku-akhawunti yakho, esikhundleni sokufaka isheke lephepha.
Njengoba ubona, kunemininingwane eminingi okufanele uyicabangele lapho ukhipha isheke, zama ukungalimazi ngoba amabhange amaningi akhokhisa amakhomishini akhokhiswa ku-akhawunti yakho ngokukhipha ibhuku lokuhlola.
Ukuphepha
Lesi sici sibaluleke kakhulu futhi kufanele wazi ezinye izinto ezicatshangelwayo zokuphepha.
Ngalo mqondo, okunye okucatshangelwayo okubaluleke kakhulu yilokho okuhlobene nezimo zokuphepha; khumbula ukuthi amasheke angamathuluzi ezezimali avumela ukuhamba kwemisebenzi ehlukene phakathi kwezihloko ezimbili ezichazwe ngokucacile umthetho nesiko.
Uyazi futhi ukuthi amasheke ayindlela yokushintshanisa izimali ezihlukahlukene ezihloselwe ukwanelisa izidingo nezibopho, njengokukhokhwa kwamaholo, ukukhokhwa kwempahla, ukwesulwa kwezinsizakalo nokunye.
I-Superintendence of Banks and Financial Institutions yase-Chile iguqule amafomethi amasheke avumela ulwazi olwengeziwe ngendlela enembile, ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ukuphepha kwabasebenzisi namabhizinisi ahililekile kulolu hlobo lomsebenzi.
Idizayini entsha yefomethi yesheke inenzuzo enkulu futhi iwukuthi yenza kube lula ukufunda ngezindlela ze-elekthronikhi ukuze kuqinisekiswe isiginesha kanye neminye imininingwane ethakaselwayo ngokuphumelelayo nangokushesha.
Amasheke nawo abe nezinguquko efomini, njengokwengezwa kwezinkambu ezintsha njengenani nosuku.
Izinkampani zamabhange zithathele phezulu ikhwalithi yephepha, zisebenzisa uyinki okhethekile ukuze ziphelelise ubuqiniso bombhalo.
Ukushintsha kwefomethi yesheke kudala uchungechunge lwezindleko zebhange, kodwa lezi zidluliselwa ekhasimendeni njengomsebenzisi wokugcina wochungechunge lwenani. Isistimu yokuhlola okuphambene iyaqhubeka nokugcinwa, equkethe ngokwemvelo yayo uchungechunge lwezimpawu ezivezwe kuso sonke lesi sihloko ezinikeza ukwethembeka okukhulu, ulwazi olunembayo nokuphepha.
Izinzuzo
Izinzuzo zamasheke zincishisiwe, ngokuqondile ngenxa yokushintshwa kwawo noma izinhlobo ezintsha zesikhathi esidlule.
Sibonisa ezibaluleke kakhulu:
- Ukukhishwa kwesheke kwenziwa ngesikhathi kanye nesimo umnikazi abona kanjalo.
- Ikunikeza iqiniso lokungabi namanani emali.
- Unamandla okunquma ukuthi isheke ulifaka kuliphi ibhange.
Ukugunyaza
Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wazibuza ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukugunyaza isheke. Lapha sikunikeza impendulo. Ukuqinisekisa isheke kusho ukuthi ohlomula isheke ufaka igama lomunye umuntu eshekeni, okuyoba ngumuntu ozokhipha imali noma afake lelo sheke ku-akhawunti yakho.
Manje, sikumema ukuthi ubheke okulandelayo okulalelwayo ukuze uqinise futhi wandise okuchazwe kulesi sihloko.