Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngama-marsupial. Lezi zidalwa eziphilayo ezibonakala zikude kakhulu kithi, kodwa zikhona ezindaweni eziningi, mhlawumbe ezindaweni eziseduze kakhulu nendawo ohlala kuyo, ngisho nasezweni lakini. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-marsupials ngakho-ke ungaphuthelwa yile posi ukuze ubazi kangcono.
Izinhlobo zama-Marsupials
Ama-Marsupials yizilwane zohlobo lwezilwane ezincelisayo okuthi, ngokungafani nezilwane ezincelisayo ezizalana nge-fetus ekhula ku-placenta yangaphakathi emzimbeni wonina, amaphuphu azo akhula ngaphakathi kwalokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-marsupium, okuwuhlobo lwesikhwama sangaphandle lapho ama-fetus akwazi ukuqeda ukukhula kwawo.
Kungaphakathi kwe-marsupium lapho kutholakala khona izindlala zebele, lapho ama-fetus adla khona aze akhiwe ngokugcwele. Izwe elinenani elikhulu lezinhlobo zama-marsupial yi-Australia, enezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-200, kuhlanganise nezindawo zaseTasmania naseNew Zealand. Kodwa kuvela ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-70 zama- marsupial ezihlala eNingizimu Melika naseNyakatho Melika.
Esikufunayo ngalesi sihloko ukuthi ufunde okwengeziwe ngezinhlobo zama-marsupial akhona kanye nezindawo ezihlala kuzo emhlabeni wethu, ngakho siyakumema ukuthi uqhubeke ufunda.
Ama-marsupials ase-Australia
Ngokungangabazeki, izwekazi lase-Australia kulapho kuhlala khona inani elikhulu kunawo wonke lezinhlobo zama<em>marsupial, njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, ezingaba ngu-200. Kulelo zwekazi lapho kuhlala khona elincane kunazo zonke, esizoqala ngalo lolu hlu.
indiza enomsila omude
I-Planigali inngrami, phakathi kwezinhlobo zama-marsupial, i-Planigali ingrami, phakathi kwezinhlobo zama-marsupial, yileyo efinyelela ubude obungamasentimitha angu-5,5 kuphela, obuyingxenye yobukhulu begundane, futhi inesisindo esingamagremu angu-4,3. , efinyelela ubude obungamasentimitha angu-5,5 kuphela, obuyingxenye yegundane, futhi inesisindo esingamagremu angu-4,3.
Ikhangaru ebomvu
I-kangaroo ebomvu, i-Macropus rufus, ngakolunye uhlangothi, iyona enkulu kunazo zonke ezinhlotsheni zama-marsupial ezikhona namuhla, futhi ingaba nesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-90, ubude obungamamitha angu-1,50.
Phakathi kwemininingwane yalesi silwane esimangalisayo ukuthi bayakwazi ukwenza ukugxuma okungafika kumamitha angu-10 ubude namamitha angu-3 ukuphakama, lapho behamba khona ngemilenze yomibili ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngosizo lomsila onemisipha kakhulu.
Esinye isici ukuthi banesivinini esilinganiselwe sokunyakaza esifinyelela kumakhilomitha angu-25 ngehora, kodwa uma befuna ngempela ukugijima, bangahamba ngesivinini esingamakhilomitha angu-70 ngehora. Kodwa into evamile ukuthi angakwazi ukugcina ijubane elingaba amakhilomitha angu-50 ngehora ohambweni lwamakhilomitha amabili.
ikhangaru elikhulu
Okuqhubeka ohlwini lwethu lwezinhlobo zama-marsupial yikhangaru elikhulu noma i-kangaroo empunga yasempumalanga, i-Macropus giganteus, engaba nesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-66, futhi ikale cishe amamitha amabili ubude. Kodwa ama- marsupial amakhulu namancane kuphela alinganiselwe kulezi ezimbili zokugcina, ngoba zonke ezinye izinhlobo zivame ukuba nobukhulu obumaphakathi.
ixhaphozi wallaby
Isilwane esifana nekhangaru, kodwa empeleni siwuhlobo oluhlukile. I-bicolor Wallabia iyi-marsupial encane evame kakhulu futhi kuze kube manje ayikho ngaphansi kwanoma yiluphi usongo.
i-common wombat
Elinye igama layo i-wombat enezinwele eziqinile noma i-Vombatus ursinus futhi phakathi kwezinhlobo zama-marsupial isilwane esingaba nesisindo esiphakathi kwamakhilogremu angu-3 kuya kwangu-7, esinobuso obuhle kakhulu. Ezikhathini zasendulo abanye abantu babezigcina njengezilwane ezifuywayo, kodwa lowo msebenzi wenqatshelwe namuhla.
Njengoba sesishilo kakade, okwamanje kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-200 zama-marsupial e-Australia, ngakho-ke besifuna kuphela ukukubonisa abameleli kakhulu kuzo, ngoba kungaba nzima kakhulu futhi isikhathi eside ukwenza uhlu oluningiliziwe lwazo zonke futhi sinazo. sizikhawulele kokwaziwa kakhulu.
Ama-marsupials ase-Argentina
Ngokwe- Guide to Argentina Marsupials, lensimu enkulu inezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-24 zezinhlobo zama- marsupial ezisakazwa kusukela enyakatho ye-Argentina, kuze kufike ezindaweni zasePatagonia. Abamele kakhulu be-southern marsupials yilokhu:
imvu yemvu
I-Sheep Weasel noma i-Moorish Weasel, i-Didelphis albiventris, empeleni iyisifo se-opossum e-Argentina, eBolivia, eBrazil, e-Uruguay naseParaguay. Nakuba ibizwa ngokuthi i-weasel, ayiyona i-mustelid, ngoba empeleni iyi-marsupial.
Banesikhathi sokuphila esifushane kakhulu, ngoba ukukhulelwa akuhlali amasonto amabili, bafinyelele ukuvuthwa ngokobulili lapho benezinyanga eziyishumi ubudala futhi lapho sebeneminyaka engu-10 ubudala bahlushwa ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, bafe ngokushesha ngemva kwaleso sigaba sokuphila kwabo. Ziyakwazi ukuzala izikhathi ezi-2 ngonyaka futhi uma zinakekelwa kahle ekuthunjweni, zingaphila kuze kube yiminyaka engu-3 ubudala.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ziq6mdkZcqU
Ubude bayo bungafinyelela kumasentimitha angama-70, kushiye ngaphandle umsila, ngesisindo esingamakhilogremu ama-2. Ezisikazi zincane ngosayizi. Iwuhlobo lwe-omnivorous oluthola ukudla kwayo emaqandeni, ama-strawberry, ama-apula, ubhanana, amajikijolo, izilwane ezihuquzelayo, amaxoxo, amagundane, izinambuzane futhi zingadla ngisho nodoti ezindaweni ezihlala abantu.
Phakathi kwezilwane ezizidlayo ezivamile sithola ukhozi i-harpy, i-piranha, impungushe i-Pampas, ingwenya ne-puma. Ibhekwa njengensalela esaphila futhi ngenhlanhla ayilona uhlobo olusengozini.
Isici sale marsupial ukuthi abesifazane banezitho zangasese ezi-3. Ephakathi nendawo yilapho ama-fetus amancane azalelwa khona, nalapho ukugaya nomchamo kuphelela khona. Izitho zangasese ezimbili ezinhlangothini zinomsebenzi wokuvundisa futhi ziholela ezindaweni ezimbili zesibeletho. Abesilisa banepipi elifohloziwe.
Kungase kubonakale kungavamile kuwe, kodwa ama-marsupial awakwazi ukusabalalisa amarabi, ngenxa yokushisa komzimba okuphansi okungaba ngu-32º, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi lesi sifo siqhubeke. Futhi banenani elikhulu lama-lymphocyte, okwandisa kakhulu ukuzivikela kwamasosha abo omzimba.
Ama-marsupial aseMexico
Futhi eMexico kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-marsupials, phakathi kwazo ezifanele kakhulu:
i-opossum enamehlo amane
I-opossum enamehlo amane, i-Philander opossum, iwuhlobo lwe-opossum ehlala eningizimu yeMexico, nakuba itholakala naseCentral naseNingizimu Melika, ngisho nasenyakatho ye-Argentina. Isilwane esidla inyama yonke ngoba ukudla kwaso kuqukethe izithelo, izilwane ezihuquzelayo namagundane.
Isici sawo ukuthi iwuhlobo lwezilwane zasezindaweni zasemanzini kanye nezasemhlabeni ezinemikhuba yasebusuku. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-opossum ezinosayizi abahlukene futhi igama elithi opossum igama elivamile elisetshenziswa eMexico ukubiza ama-opossum.
i-opossum yamanzi
I-water opossum, i-Chironectes minimus, yiyona kuphela i-aquatic marsupial eyaziwayo. Indawo yayo itholakala emachibini nasemifudlaneni yaseMexico, kodwa ikwazile ukusuka kulezo zindawo iye enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Argentina. Futhi iwuhlobo lwe-omnivorous ngoba ukudla kwayo ama-crustaceans, izilwane ezihlala emanzini nasemanzini kanye nezinhlanzi.
Ingafinyelela cishe kumasentimitha angama-35 futhi kulokhu kufanele sengeze cishe amasentimitha angama-40 omsila. Elinye igama eliqanjwe ngalo endaweni yi- chucha de agua.
Ama-marsupial aseTasmanian
I-Tasmania ingenye indawo lapho singathola khona ama-marsupials akhethekile, anamagama akhethekile, amele kakhulu:
UDeveli waseTasmania
Sibhekisela ku-marsupial eyaziwa kakhulu yaseTasmania. I-Tasmanian devil, i-Sarcophilus harrisii, iyindawo ehlala i-marsupial esiqhingini saseTasmania. Iminyaka yabo yokuphila ayidluli iminyaka emi-5 ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo. Namuhla iyisilwane esidla inyama esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.
Kuyisilwane esinobuso obumaholoholo, obuvolovolo futhi obuthile. Imnyama namachashaza amhlophe, nakuba kutholwe izibonelo ezimnyama ngokuphelele. Zifinyelela cishe ngamasentimitha angama-65 ubude, kufanele zengeze cishe amasentimitha angama-25 emsileni wazo. Isisindo sayo singafinyelela ku-8 kilos. Ezisikazi zivame ukuba zincane ngosayizi.
Ngokuvamile zidla ama-wombat, okungamanye ama-marsupial isisindo sawo singafinyelela kumakhilogremu angu-30. Amathuba okuthi zingadla isilwane esizidlula kude ngobukhulu sikhuluma ngamandla amakhulu kanye nemvelo enolaka lukadeveli waseTasmania.
Elinye ithuluzi elisisiza kulo msebenzi amandla angalindelekile okuluma kwayo, akwazi ukudlula awengwe noma i-jaguar. Nokho, ngokuvamile idla inyama efile. Lolu hlobo lwezilwane luke lwasongelwa kusukela maphakathi nawo-90 ngenxa yobhubhane lwe-facial carcinoma ethathelwanayo kulezi zilwane, ngakho inani lazo lehle kakhulu. Eqinisweni, kubhekwa njengohlobo olusengozini enkulu yokushabalala. Njengamanje kwenziwa izinhlelo nezifundo ukuze kubuyiswe.
Ama-marsupial aseColombia
Endaweni yaseColombia kunezinhlobo ezingu-29 zama-marsupial. Aziwa kakhulu yilawo okuthiwa ama- chucha, okuyizinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-opossum, kodwa kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene zama-marsupial ezitholakala kulelozwe kuphela. Enye yazo i-marsupial encane kakhulu, kodwa sikuchazela kangcono:
I-Tunato yaseColombia
I-tunato yaseColombia, i-Caenolestes fuliginosus, iyisilwane esincane kakhulu esitholakala eningizimu ye-Valdivia, esifundazweni sase-Antioquia. Ukudla kwayo izithelo nezinambuzane, ngakho i-omnivorous. Kuyisilwane esihamba ebusuku futhi ngeshwa sisengozini enkulu yokushabalala.
i-colombian chuchita
I-Chuchita yaseColombia, i-Gracilinanus perijae, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-opossum yegundane yaseColombia, iyisilwane esincane esihlala emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo zaseColombia.
Uma ukujabulele ukufunda lesi sihloko, ungase futhi ufune ukufunda: