Izindlela ze-Agile kanye nezinzuzo zazo ezinkulu

Lesi sihloko sizofaka konke okuhlobene ne- izindlela ezisheshayo kanye namasu asebenzayo, ukuthuthukisa ukunakwa kwephrojekthi.

Izindlela ezisheshayo

Izindlela ze-Agile zinikeza inqwaba yamasu asebenzayo avumela ukusheshisa ukuthuthukiswa nokuqalwa kwephrojekthi. Zakhiwe ngaphakathi kwefilosofi eguquguqukayo evumelana nezinguqulo zephrojekthi ethile. Lokhu kungenzeka ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi ezobuchwepheshe okuthuthukisa nokuphatha amaphrojekthi.

Izinkampani eziningi ezisebenzise izindlela ze-agile ziye zazwakalisa ukuthi ziyabavumela ukuthi banciphise izindleko, baphathe amaphrojekthi abo ngempumelelo nangempumelelo, futhi bathuthukise ukukhiqiza ezinqubweni.

Kulo mongo, kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ezinye izinhlobo zamathuluzi ukwenza ibhizinisi lakho liphumelele. Ngakho-ke, sikumema ukuthi ufake isixhumanisi esilandelayo esinesihloko amasu ebhizinisi

Ngaphakathi kwendlela yezindlela ezisheshayo, iphrojekthi yenziwa ngokusekelwe ekusebenzelaneni futhi ukuhlela kwayo kushintshwa ukuze kuhambisane nezidingo ezintsha ezivelayo njengoba iqhubeka. Ukwengeza, leli thuluzi lisiza ukubekwa phambili kwemisebenzi ngokwezidingo, ukuphathwa ngokubambisana kwephrojekthi yithimba labasebenzi, ukubamba iqhaza okusebenzayo nokuqondile kweklayenti, kanye nokusabela kweklayenti ukuze kutholwe impendulo. ezilethwa ngokuqhubekayo.

Le ndlela yokusebenza izalwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kanye namandla izinhlangano ezinawo ukuze zifeze izinjongo namaphrojekthi azo esikhathini esifushane, esimaphakathi; okuholele ekutheni ongoti bacabange ukuthi izindlela zomdabu zazimile kakhulu; Lena yindlela indlela ye-agile ehlose ngayo ukunikeza abantu amalungelo kanye nokusebenzisana kwabo ezinqubweni, ukubambisana neklayenti nokunikeza impendulo yoshintsho ngokulandela uhlelo.

Izindlela ze-Agile ziyindlela yokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwamaphrojekthi adinga isivinini nokuguquguquka, ukuze ahambisane nezidingo nezidingo zeklayenti, futhi ahlale efuna imiphumela yokuthuthukisa.

Izici zezindlela ze-agile

• Banikeza ukwaneliseka kwamakhasimende.
• Yonga isikhathi nezindleko kusevisi
• Thuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo
• Okokugcina, basusa lezo zinto ezingadingekile noma izici emkhiqizweni.

Izinzuzo

Kulesi simo, izindlela ze-agile zinikeza izinzuzo ezithile. Ngezansi simemezela ezinye zazo:

1. Hlela kabusha izenzo: Nakuba izindlela ezisheshayo zisebenza ngamasu onyaka, nokho, ukulawula nokuqapha kwenziwa njalo ngekota. Ngale ndlela, amasu ashintshwa ngokuvumelana nezinjongo zeklayenti, ukuguqula izakhi ezidingekayo.
2. Ukuhlukahluka ekufezeni izinjongo: Amaphrojekthi akuyona into esungulwe ngaphambili, ngakho-ke ayiphenduli iphethini, ngokuphambene nendlela ye-agile, amaphrojekthi aguquguquka kangangokuthi akwazi ukuzivumelanisa ngokushesha futhi kalula nezinjongo ezahlukene ezibekwe iklayenti okokuqala. inyanga.
3. Ukuphawula:  lokhu mhlawumbe kungesinye sezici ezizuzisa kakhulu ikhasimende, ngale ndlela kunokulawulwa unomphela kokukhishwa kwensizakalo noma umkhiqizo noma lokho okwaziwa ngele-outsourcing, okubhekisela ekulethweni kwemisebenzi yayo kwenye inkampani ekhethekile isihloko.
4. Beka Eqhulwini Ukwenza Izinqumo: Kulesi sici, umthamo wabantu abahilelekile uyalinganiswa, kugcinwe isigqi esifanayo somsebenzi futhi kugwenywe ukudalwa kwezigaba phakathi kwabo, ukuze kwandiswe imiphumela ngezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokusebenza kahle kanye nokwenza kahle.
5. Thuthukisa umuzwa wamakhasimende: ngenxa yokuthi ngale ndlela yokusebenza izosivumela ukuthi sithole amakhasimende amaningi, sigcine amakhasimende futhi senze okwengeziwe ngeklayenti ngalinye, ngaleyo ndlela sigweme ukuchezuka kuphrojekthi ngayinye noma ohlelweni.

Yiziphi izindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu amakhasimende noma abasebenzisi?

Kunezindlela ezimbalwa ezisebenzayo ezingasetshenziswa, nokho sizama ukuncoma ezisetshenziswa kakhulu, okuyilezi:

Isikram

Lolu hlobo lwendlela yokusebenza lushayela futhi lukhuthaze ukusebenzisana kweqembu. Wonke umuntu anganikela ngemibono futhi abambe iqhaza ngesikhathi kuthuthukiswa indlela yokusebenza. Ngalo mqondo, inhloso igxile ekuhleleni nasekulawuleni iphrojekthi ngayinye. Ibonakala ngokuvame ukukhiqiza izinguquko, ezingase ziveze ukungaqiniseki okuthile.

I-Kanban

Iwuhlelo lokukhiqiza olusebenzayo nolusebenzayo. Inesibopho sokubuka ngeso lengqondo ngomdwebo wamakholomu amathathu, lapho ikholomu ngayinye inegama, okungukuthi, kukholamu eyodwa imisebenzi eqediwe ihlanganiswa, kwenye imisebenzi esalindile futhi kwenye imisebenzi eqhubekayo. Lo mdwebo kufanele ube sendaweni ebonakalayo, ukuze bonke ababambiqhaza bazi ngesimo sephrojekthi. Le ndlela yokusebenza ibizwa nangokuthi "Ikhadi Lokubona".

I-Agile Inception

Kuyisethi ye-dynamics eqondiswe kubahlanganyeli bephrojekthi abanomgomo ofanayo. Ngalezi zindlela eziguquguqukayo, ukungaqiniseki kuyancishiswa, ingozi iyancipha futhi okulindelwe yibo bonke abathintekayo njengeqembu kuyagqanyiswa, nokho, akuqinisekisi ukuvumelana kwezinhloso zephrojekthi noma zalabo abahilelekile kuyo.

Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele wenze uhlu lwalokho "Ungakwenzi" kwenziwa, kusekelwe kokuthi “Yini"  indiva "Kanjani".

I-Extreme Programming XP

Le ndlela yokusebenza egugile eyaziwa nangokuthi "I-Extreme Programming" isetshenziswa ekuphathweni kwephrojekthi ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo. Inhloso yayo eyinhloko ubudlelwano phakathi kwabantu, lapho ababambiqhaza bephrojekthi benempumelelo yeqembu lomsebenzi "njengokhiye", kanye nokuxhumana ngokusebenzisana, ukufunda okuqhubekayo kanye nesimo esihle sokuhlela.

Design Sprit

Kuyindlela eyakhiwe i-Google Ventures, ehlanganisa izigaba ezinhlanu futhi ehlanganisa ukucabanga kwedizayini ukuze kwehliswe ubungozi obungadaleka lapho kubekwa umkhiqizo omusha kanye/noma isevisi emakethe. Kuthatha ubuncane bezinsuku ezintathu kanye nobuningi bezinsuku ezinhlanu.

i-scumban

Kuyindlela yesimanjemanje ethandwa kakhulu ezimbonini lapho ukuthuthukiswa nokugcinwa kwephrojekthi kuhambisana, kuvezwe futhi kudidiyelwe. Le ndlela isetshenziswa ekunakekeleni nasekulawuleni amaphrojekthi ayinkinga, umsebenzi oqhutshwa umcimbi, ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo omusha noma ukuphathwa kokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo.

Uma unentshisekelo kulesi sihloko, ngincoma ukuthi ubuke isixhumanisi ngokuningiliziwe. Inkululeko Yezezimali

VIzinzuzo ze-Agile Methodology

1. Ukwaneliseka kwamakhasimende kubonakala ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwephrojekthi, njengoba bebambe iqhaza futhi bebambe iqhaza kuyo yonke inqubo.
2. Phakathi nesigaba ngasinye sephrojekthi, ukuhlanganiswa nokuvunyelwa kweklayenti kufunwa, lokhu kuholela ekukhanyeni kwenqubo, ngaleyo ndlela kutholwe imiphumela egculisayo kuzo zombili izinhlangothi, okungukuthi, phakathi kwabathuthukisi namakhasimende, ukuveza umvuthwandaba owanelisayo ofanayo.
3. Zibandakanya ukuhlanganyela kwabo bonke abasebenzi, ukwakha indawo yokusebenza evumelanayo futhi ngenxa yalokho kugqugquzeleke futhi kusebenze ngempumelelo; banomuzwa wokuthi imibono yabo iyacatshangelwa futhi/noma iyacatshangelwa futhi yaziswa ngayo yonke inqubekelaphambili yephrojekthi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izinguquko kanye neminikelo engase yenziwe.
4. Banciphisa izindleko ezisuka ezinguqukweni ezenzeke; umkhiqizo womthamo wokuphendula osheshayo, onciphisa ukulahleka kwesikhathi futhi ngenxa yalokho umphumela wezindleko-inzuzo, okuphoqa ithimba lonke ukuthi lisebenze ngaphakathi kwephrojekthi.
5. Zingamamodeli asebenzayo futhi asebenzayo ngoba intuthuko nokuhlolwa kwengxenye yephrojekthi kuyenziwa, ukuze kutholwe imiphumela njengoba kuqhubeka. Ngaphansi kwalokhu okuguquguqukayo, kungase kube khona amathuba okulethwa kwephrojekthi okulindelekile, okubuyekeziwe futhi okuhloliwe. Lokhu kudala izinzuzo ezifanayo kokubili iklayenti kanye nonjiniyela.
6. Basiza enzuzweni yokutshalwa kwezimali kwezinkampani noma izinhlangano, ngenxa yezimpendulo ezisheshayo zemiphumela, ngokulethwa kwamaphrojekthi, okuhunyushwa njengembuyiselo ekutshalweni kwezimali.
7. Bavumela ukuqeda imisebenzi engadingekile noma ephindaphindayo, lapho labo abanomthwalo wemfanelo wemisebenzi yenqubo ngayinye bebeka phambili ukuthi yimuphi umsebenzi ozobekwa kuqala, ngendlela yokudala uhlelo lwemisebenzi eyisisekelo neyesibili. Ngezinjongo ezinjalo, kuzokwazi ukuletha imiphumela engaphelele eholela emkhiqizweni wokugcina, okuvumela ukwenziwa kahle kwezinsiza kanye nokuqapha nokulawula imisebenzi, ehlala iqashwe njalo.
8. Nge-methodology eguquguqukayo uma inhloso yephrojekthi ingachazwanga ngokucacile, inqunywa noma iklayenti lingazi ukuthi yiziphi izidingo zalo. Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwabathuthukisi bephrojekthi kanye namakhasimende kuzokwakha ithimba lapho ukufana kwemibandela kuzophathwa ngendlela yokuhlanganisa nokuhlanganisa imibono, ukuze kutholwe imiphumela egculisayo.
9. Ukuxhumana kule ndlela yokusebenza kuyisici esibalulekile, ngoba kuhlanganisa izinqubo zokuthuthukiswa, kufeza ukubumbana phakathi kwabasebenzi namakhasimende futhi kuqinisekisa ukuhambisana kwephrojekthi, ngokuhambisana nezinjongo ezibekiwe.

Ukungalungi kwezindlela ze-agile

1. Kudala ukuncika okukhulu esimeni sobuholi, okusho ukuthi yonke imisebenzi, izibopho, imisebenzi kanye nezinqumo zibekwe endaweni eyodwa kumuntu oyedwa (umholi).
2. Izixazululo ezingalungile zivame ukukhiqizwa ngezikhathi ezinde, okuthi ngesikhathi sokufaka isicelo nokuqapha azihambisani nokulindela okuvezwe ekuqaleni kwephrojekthi. Okungaletha umphumela kuyo yonke intuthuko yephrojekthi ukuthi izolahlekelwa ukwethembeka.
3. Ukushoda kwemibhalo: Ayinayo indlela yokuqoqa imininingwane edingekayo yamadokhumenti kuphrojekthi lapho kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwezinqubo ngesikhathi sangempela. Imane isho ukuthi izenzo zizokwenziwa kanjani.
4. Ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo, isengcupheni, ngenxa yokuthi ayikho incazelo yephrojekthi ethile, maqondana nezinsuku eziwumnqamulajuqu zokulethwa kwazo.
5. Uma sikhuluma ngesidingo sokuxhumana okuhle nokusebenzelana nabasebenzi abahililekile nabahlanganyeli, kuvame ukuba yinkinga, ngoba imihlangano yokucobelelana ngemibono nemibandela ingaba yinde kakhulu futhi ingakhiqizi.
6. Lolu hlobo lwendlela yokusebenza ludinga ukuba khona okukhulu kwabantu abaqale iphrojekthi kuze kube yilapho iqedwa, njengoba ukungabikho kwanoma yimuphi kubo kuzodala ukuhlukaniswa okuncane kolwazi.

Ngamafuphi, izindlela zendabuko zisekhona esikhathini esidlule, ngokusetshenziswa kwezindlela eziguquguqukayo kukhonjisiwe ukuthi kulezi zikhathi ze-dynamism kanye nomphumela wokuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke, izinhlaka zenhlangano ziphoqeleke ukuthi zisebenzise futhi zisebenzise le ndlela eguquguqukayo, eguquguqukayo. evumelana nokulindelwe ngamakhasimende noma abasebenzisi kanye nezidingo zemakethe, ukuphatha ngempumelelo nangempumelelo.

Kubalulekile ukugqamisa kulesi sihloko ukuthi namuhla siphila ezweni lapho izinguquko ziphefumula nsuku zonke, futhi muva nje, asazi ukuthi yonke into ingashintsha nini. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, sidinga amamodeli asiza ukuphendula ngokushesha ezinguqukweni ezifunwa umphakathi, ngenxa yemiphumela yomhlaba wonke ethinta ukuthuthukiswa kwemisebenzi yezinhlangano, ukusebenza kahle kwazo, emikhakheni, noma kunjalo ziqondiswa futhi esetshenziswa umkhakha wezobuchwepheshe, ngoba iwona mkhakha odinga ukusabela ngokushesha kulezi zinguquko.