Izihlahla zimelela enye yezinto ezikhanga kakhulu emhlabeni, ezitholakala ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zeplanethi, ezivumelanisa nezimo zezulu ezihlukahlukene, futhi zinezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zezinhlobo; okubangela ukuba zisetshenziswe njengengxenye yokuhlobisa izindlu, amapaki nezingadi, esihlokweni esilandelayo sizofunda mayelana nezihlahla zokuhlobisa ezidume kakhulu.
Izihlahla Zokuhlobisa
Izitshalo zimelela ungqimba lwezitshalo olusatshalaliswa emhlabeni wonke olumboze iplanethi yomhlaba, lukwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zezulu ezihlukahlukene, kanye nokuba yingxenye yazo zonke izimiso zemvelo (izingwadule, amahlathi, amahlathi, izintaba, phakathi kokunye). gqama ngokubamba iqhaza enqubweni yamakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-photosynthesis lapho kutholakala khona umoya-mpilo odingekayo wazo zonke izidalwa eziphilayo emhlabeni.
Ukubaluleka kwezinhlobo zezitshalo kusegalelo lazo ekulondolozeni ukuphila eplanethini engumhlaba, ukuthuthukisa izinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zezinhlobo ngokwendawo ezakheke kuyo, zinikeza ubuhle nemibala kuzo zonke izindawo. Ukuba phakathi kwezitshalo ezincane, izihlahla nezihlahla ezinkulu, zonke zakhiwe iziqu, amaqabunga nezimpande ezisakazeka ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zeplanethi.
Kulokhu, izihlahla ezibhekene nesitshalo esakhiwe ngokuyinhloko nge-trunk enokhuni, ngokuvamile ihlukaniswe ngamagatsha amaningana engxenyeni engenhla, inokuphakama okuphawulekayo nezimpande eziwugqinsi ezidlula emhlabathini, zivelele. Zimelela ingxenye ebalulekile ezindaweni zemvelo, okuyizinhlobo eziphethe ukwakha umoya-mpilo ophefumulelwe yizo zonke izidalwa eziphilayo emkhathini, ukubambisana ekunciphiseni i-carbon dioxide, ukuvimbela ukuguguleka kanye nomqhele wawo obanzi uvikela izindawo ekuchayekeni kwesimo sezulu.
Izihlahla zimelela isici esikhona ekuphileni kwansuku zonke komuntu, sisetshenziswa njengomhlobiso wezikhala ezihlukahlukene ezifana nezingadi, izindlela ngisho nakwamanye amakhaya, lapho zaba nokubaluleka njengezinhlobo zokuhlobisa, ezihambisana nalezo zitshalo ezitshalwa futhi zidayiswa ukuze zihlobise. izinjongo. , kungaba ngezimbali, amaqabunga, iziqu kanye nemiklamo; Ngaphezu kwalokho, bamele isici semvelo esixhumanisa abantu nemvelo.
Izihlahla Zokuhlobisa Ezidume Kakhulu
Umphakathi uhlale uthanda izakhi ezihlobisa impilo yabo yansuku zonke, ngakho-ke bakhetha ukusebenzisa izihlahla eziyingxenye yezingadi zabo futhi zibe insiza eyisisekelo kakhulu, noma ngenxa yobukhulu bazo (ezinkulu noma ezincane), zinekhono lokuhlinzeka ngemvelo eyingqayizivele. futhi yinhle, isebenzisana ekucebiseni nasekuhlukaniseni indawo, ngaphezu kokugqamisa izinhlobo zezimbali zazo ezihlaba umxhwele kanye nokushintsha kombala okuphawulekayo kuye ngesikhathi sonyaka, nazi ezinye zezinhlobo zezihlahla zokuhlobisa ezisetshenziswa kakhulu:
UMimosa
Kuyaziwa ngokuba yisihlahla sokuhlobisa esifunwa kakhulu ngumphakathi, sinegama lesayensi le-Acacia Baileyana, iwuhlobo oluhlala eningizimu yeNew South Wales, lusatshalaliswa ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene zomhlaba futhi lusabalele ezifundeni zase-Australia. Ibhekwa njengesihlahlana, kodwa kukhona ezinye ezifinyelela kumamitha angu-8 ukuphakama, zinamaqabunga ahlala eluhlaza (awalahlekelwa umbala wawo phakathi nonyaka), umbala wawo ngokuvamile umpunga oluhlaza okotshani, ngaphezu kokumangalisa kakhulu. ezimbalini zabo ezikhangayo, zinemibala ephuzi engavamile futhi emise okwe-pompom eyindilinga ehlobisa kakhulu.
Imele isitshalo esimelana kakhulu nokubanda, ngakho ngokuvamile simelana nokuthenwa okuqinile. Igama lalolu hlobo lwaqanjwa ngokuhlonishwa kwesazi sezitshalo uFrederick Manson Bailey, kwezinye izindawo zomhlaba beze bazosusa izinhlobo zemvelo, okubhekwa njengezinambuzane eziyingozi kulawo mazwe.
Umlenze wenkomo
Umlenze Wenkomo, owaziwa nangokuthi Inselo Yenkabi, umele isihlahla esinegama le-Bauhinia Forficata futhi singesomndeni wakwaFabaceae. Kuwuhlobo lwesitshalo olusabalele ezindaweni zaseLatin America, ikakhulukazi e-Argentina (Buenos Aires, Córdoba, San Juan, Misiones, phakathi kwezinye), Brazil (Santa Catarina, Paraná), Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Cordillera), Mexico, Uruguay, Peru kanye Colombia.
Kuyisihlahla esinamaqabunga (esithinteka izinkathi zonyaka ezahlukene) silahlekelwa umbala waso minyaka yonke. Ingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-10 ukuphakama, inamaqabunga amade anomumo ohlukile futhi yaziwa ngama-orchid ayo adumile angaba nombala phakathi komhlophe nobomvana. Kubhekwa njengezinhlobo ezifunwa kakhulu zokuhlobisa izingadi ezincane.
Isihlahla seJupiter
Isihlahla se-Jupiter saziwa nangokuthi i-Indian Lilac, i-Southern Lilac, i-Crepe noma i-Crepe-Myrtle; Inegama lesayensi leLagerstroemia Indica futhi iyingxenye yomndeni wakwaLythraceae, ibuye ithathwe njengendabuko eChina, eHimalaya, India naseJapan. Ngenxa yokuhlolwa kwezwekazi lase-Asia, lolu hlobo lwasakazekela eYurophu naseMelika, lwaduma kakhulu njengesihlahla sokuhlobisa emakhaya amaningi.
Kuwumuthi ovuthulukayo (okuthintwa izinkathi zonyaka ezihlukene), kubhekwa njengohlobo oluncane olunamamitha acishe abe ngu-8 ubude, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lungakhula lube lukhulu kakhulu. Inezimbali ngendlela yama-bouquets, isici semibala yazo ebomvu, ebomvana nemhlophe, ehlaba umxhwele kakhulu, ekhombisayo futhi ivame ukuvela ngenkathi yasehlobo. Zibuye zidume kakhulu ngamagxolo azo ansundu kanye nokuthungwa kwawo okubushelelezi. Lolu hlobo lwesihlahla sokuhlobisa lubonakala kakhulu ezindleleni zamadolobha, luzivumelanisa kalula naleyo nhlabathi ezindaweni zasemadolobheni.
isihlahla sothando
Isihlahla sokuhlobisa esidumile ngezimbali zaso ezibomvana, sinegama lesayensi i-Cercis Siliquastrum futhi singesomndeni weLegume, owaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-redbud, i-Loco Algarrobo noma i-Judas Tree. Lesi sihlahla sibonakala ngokufinyelela amamitha ayisi-6 ukuphakama kodwa ezimeni ezivumayo singafinyelela ukuphakama okukhulu, siyavuthuluka (sithonywe izimo zezulu zonyaka), isiqu saso senziwe ngokhuni olubushelelezi nolucacile, lapho sebekhulile ngeminyaka. iphenduka ibemnyama futhi ihlukumeze.
Iveza izimbali, izimbali zayo ziyizinto ezikhangayo kakhulu, ziza ukuze ziqoqwe ngamaqoqo, zingama-hermaphrodites (ukuba khona kobubili bobulili) ukuze zizikhiqizele ngokwazo. Izithelo zawo ziyi-legumes ezinobukhulu obukhulu obungamamilimitha angu-2, zinemibala ebomvu kuya kumnyama omnyama (ngokuya ngokuvuthwa kwazo), zivuthwa ngesikhathi sasehlobo ngoJulayi futhi zihlala esihlahleni kuze kube yilapho ziqhakaza okulandelayo. Lolu hlobo lwezinhlobo zezilwane lubonakala kakhulu ezingadini zedolobha nasemapaki.
Rowan of the Hunters
I-Serbal de los Cazadores yaziwa njengohlobo lwemihlobiso eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Azarollo, isihlahla esimila amagatsha (izinhlobo ezithintwa izinkathi zonyaka), ingeyomndeni wakwaRosaceae futhi igama laso lesayensi yi-Sorbus Folgneri. Indabuko yezwekazi lase-Asia, ikakhulukazi iNingizimu China. Inesiqu esiwugqinsi esinamagxolo ashintsha umbala wayo kuye ngomswakama, ngokuvamile inombala ompunga noluhlaza okotshani (isimo sezulu esinemvula).
Kuwuhlobo olulengayo olunezimbali ezikhangayo kakhulu ezikhona ngezikhathi zasentwasahlobo, ezinomumo omncane, umbala omhlophe kanye nephunga elimnandi; ngokuvamile lizungezwe izinhlobo zempova. Okunye okukhangayo izithelo zayo amajikijolo abomvu avame ukuphakelwa izinyoni eziseduze. Imele isihlahla esikhula kalula futhi esimelana nayo, yingakho sifunwa imikhuba yokupheka.
Isihlahla Sensimbi
Imele uhlobo lomuthi ongowomndeni wakwa-Hamamelidaceae, unegama lesayensi i-Parrotia Persica futhi iwuhlobo lwezihlahla eziphukayo (ezithonywa izinkathi ezihlukahlukene zonyaka). Ekuqaleni kusukela emahlathini aseningizimu yeCaspian enyakatho ye-Iran, kukholakala ukuthi ngezikhathi zangaphambi komlando yayisatshalaliswa ezwenikazi laseYurophu, ikakhulukazi eNhlonhlweni Yase-Iberia, lokhu kungenxa yocwaningo lwezinsalela ezitholakala ezindaweni ezihlukene zezintaba nasezintabeni. amadiphozithi wendawo.
Izihlahla ezinamaqabunga zingafinyelela cishe amamitha ayi-12 ubude namasentimitha angama-70 ububanzi, zinesakhiwo esibanzi futhi sihlanganiswe neziqu zesibili, okubangela ukuthi ithathe izindawo ezinkulu. Imithunzi yamagxolo ayo iphakathi kokumnyama, okumpunga nokuphinki. I-eye-catcher yayo eyinhloko eza ukuqhakaza ngenkathi yasebusika, enezimbali ezincane, ezibomvu nezowolintshi.
imephu yaseCanada
Kuwuhlobo oluthandwa kakhulu olunamagama ahlukahlukene njenge-maple ebomvu yaseMelika, imephu yaseVirginia, imephu yaseCanada, ibhekwa njengenye yezinhlobo ezisakazeke kakhulu esifundeni saseNyakatho Melika, ikakhulukazi eLake of the Woods eMinnesota, empumalanga yeNewfoundland, eduze kwaseMiami eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeTexas kukhona nezinhlobo ezitholakala esifundeni saseMexico. Idume kakhulu ngokulinywa emapaki nasezingadini kanye nezindawo zayo zokudla okunomsoco (sap), yingakho kukhishwa isiraphu ye-maple kuyo.
Iqukethe isihlahla esinamaqabunga ngakho ngokuvamile siqhakaza ngesikhathi esithile sonyaka, iyamangalisa kakhulu ngoba iphenduka ibe bomvu futhi amaqabunga awo abe bomvu ekwindla. Ifinyelela ukuphakama okukhulu, okungenani cishe amamitha angu-20 ukuphakama, inekholomu futhi i-bearing enamandla kakhulu. Kuwuhlobo olubonakala kakhulu emasimini amakhaya aseNyakatho Melika, ikakhulukazi kulezo zifunda ezinezinkathi zonyaka eziphawuliwe, njengoba amaqabunga awo amakhulu, amaqabunga esundu amelela ukukhanga okukhulu ngenxa yokushintsha kombala wawo obomvu, owolintshi, nophuzi ekwindla, kodwa ukuhlala kuluhlaza ngalezo zinyanga.
I-Codeso ye-Alps
Isihlahla esaziwa kakhulu ngezimbali zaso eziphuzi, singesomndeni wakwaFabaceas futhi igama laso lesayensi yiLaburnum Alpinum. Iwuhlobo oluthonywa yizinkathi zonyaka, ilahlekelwa amaqabunga nombala ngezikhathi ezahlukene. Indabuko emaphakathi naseningizimu yezwekazi laseYurophu, idume kakhulu kulezo zifunda ngokubonisa izimbali ezinkulu eziphuzi, ezibonwa kabanzi njengezinhlobo zokuhlobisa.
Ifinyelela kumamitha ayisi-6 ukuphakama futhi inobubanzi obufana kakhulu, isiqu sayo sinegxolo elimpunga futhi ngokuvamile igatsha kakhulu kusukela esisekelweni; Enkomishini yawo, amaqabunga athola umbala oluhlaza omnyama futhi izimbali zawo ziyamangalisa kakhulu ngoba zinemibala ephuzi kanye nephunga elimnandi, i-inflorescence yayo iphakathi kwentwasahlobo kuya ehlobo.
AmaJuglans
I-Juglans ibhekwa njengenye yezinhlobo zokuhlobisa ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezwenikazi lase-Asia, ikakhulukazi esifundeni esisempumalanga lapho iChina, empumalanga yeRussia kanye neNhlonhlo YaseKorea kutholakala khona. Igama layo lesayensi yiJuglans Madshurica futhi ingeyomndeni wakwaJuglandaceae. Idume ngomumo wayo owugqinsi futhi oqinile kanye namagatsha asuka esisekelweni, okuwunikeza umphumela we-ethereal nohlukile.
Lolu hlobo lukhula ngokushesha okukhulu, lungafinyelela kumamitha angama-25 ukuphakama futhi ububanzi balo buncane kakhulu, amaqabunga awo ashintshana ngamasentimitha angama-40 kuye kwangama-90 ubude ne-margin ene-serrated noma i-serrulate, enikeza umqhele ogqame kakhulu futhi obanzi. Izimbali zawo zinomphumela wokulenga cishe ngamasentimitha angu-9 kuya kwangu-40 ubude futhi zivuzwa umoya (indlela yocansi) futhi izithelo zawo zivela ngenkathi yasekwindla (August - October) ngesimo segobolondo eliluhlaza kakhulu, elimelana kakhulu. ezindaweni ezibandayo.
isiliva willow
Iqukethe isihlahla somndeni wakwaSalicaceae lapho igama laso lesayensi i-Salix Alba Sericea, libhekwa njengendabuko yaseRussia futhi liwuhlobo olulahlekelwa umbala walo oluhlaza ezinkathini ezithile zonyaka (ezincibilikayo). Njengamanje kubonakala kakhulu ezindaweni ezipholile enkabeni naseningizimu yezwekazi laseYurophu, eNyakatho Afrika naseNtshonalanga ye-Asia, kunezinhlobo ezithile zezilwane ezwekazini laseMelika, ikakhulukazi eNyakatho Melika.
I-silver willow ikala phakathi kwamamitha angamashumi amane ezimeni ezifanele kodwa kunezinhlobo ezithile ezingamamitha angamashumi amabili nanhlanu ubude. Isici sayo esiyinhloko amaqabunga ayo esiliva naluhlaza, anomumo osilika futhi anokulinganisa phakathi kwamasentimitha amahlanu nayishumi nambili. Izimbali zawo zinesimo esiyisilinda esifika ukuqhakaza entwasahlobo.
i-maple yaseKorea
Imephu yaseKorea, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Pseudosieboldianum Maple, iyisici sokuba uhlobo oluncane olubonwa emapaki amadolobha amakhulu futhi lokhu kungenxa yokuthandeka kwayo okukhulu. Inamaqabunga ayindilinga anokwakheka okufana nemephu yaseJapan, njengoba iqhubeka nokukhula amaqabunga anesembozo esimhlophe avele futhi ngokushesha izimbali eziphuzi ezinokhilimu zize zithole umbala osawolintshi, konke lokhu ngesikhathi sasentwasahlobo.
Maphakathi nenkathi yekwindla amaqabunga awo ashintsha umbala ukusuka koluhlaza okumnyama kakhulu ukuya kowolintshi nanemibala ebomvu. Kuwuhlobo oluncane lwesihlahla kodwa olufunwa kakhulu ukuhlobisa izingadi zamakhaya ase-Asia.
isihlahla se-hop
Iwuhlobo lomndeni wakwa-Rutaceae futhi inegama lesayensi i-Ptelea Trifoliata, ngaphezu kokwaziwa ngokuthi i-Hoptree. Iwuhlobo lwesihlahla esidabuka ezwenikazi laseMelika, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni zaseNyakatho Melika naseMelika Ephakathi. Itholakala eduze nemifula namabhange futhi lokhu kubangelwa ukwakheka kwayo okukhulu okudinga ukuba khona kwenhlabathi evundile futhi enomswakama.
Inesiqu esiwugqinsi kanye nongqimba olubanzi kakhulu, ama-ramifications ayo mancane futhi ambozwe amagxolo ansundu ngokumnyama, amaqabunga awo anemibala eshintshanayo phakathi kwamagatsha namaqabunga awo emithunzi ehlukahlukene ephuzi. Ngezikhathi zasentwasahlobo iveza izimbali ezimhlophe neziluhlaza ngaphezu kokuba nephunga eliyingqayizivele, eliheha izimvemvane nezinyosi ezizithutha impova. Izithelo zawo zisetshenziswa kabanzi ukukhiqiza ubhiya, okuyilabo abathutha amakholoni okuqala.
I-Ligustrum
I-Ligustrum eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Privet, i-Ligustro noma i-Alheña imele uhlobo lomndeni wakwa-Oleaceae, igama layo lesayensi yi-Ligustrum Delavayanum. Isuka ezwenikazi lase-Asia, ikakhulukazi eShayina, ifinyelela emazweni anjenge-Uruguay ne-Argentina, kuze kufike ezingeni lokuthi ithathwe njengokuhlasela futhi ikhule ngokuzenzakalelayo emahlathini futhi isusa izitshalo ezihlala kule ndawo.
Iwuhlobo lwesihlahla esihlala isikhathi eside, ngakho igcina umbala wayo oluhlaza kanye namahlamvu unyaka wonke, ikhula ibe amamitha ayisishiyagalombili ukuphakama futhi kukhona ngisho nezibonelo ezifinyelela kumamitha ayishumi nanhlanu. Amaqabunga awo anombala oluhlaza okotshani okumnyama futhi anobude obungamasentimitha ayi-15 nobubanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-8, kuyilapho izithelo zawo zingamajikijolo amnyama naluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okumnyama, asetshenziswa kakhulu emithini yesintu yokwelapha ukukhathala kanye ne-tinnitus.
I-Catalpa Hyrida Purpurea
Iqukethe isihlahla esincane esilinywa njengezinhlobo zokuhlobisa, kwezinye izimo kubhekwa njengesihlahla. Idabuka eNyakatho Melika, ingeyomndeni we-Bignoniaceae futhi yaziwa nangokuthi i-Catlpa x Erubescens, ithathwa njengengxube yosayizi omaphakathi ene-globose nokukhula kwamagatsha. Iwuhlobo olufinyelela kumamitha angu-8 ukuphakama, lunesiqu esiwugqinsi, esimpunga ngokunsundu.
Into ekhanga kakhulu ngamahlamvu ayo amakhulu amise okwenhliziyo, inombala oluhlaza okotshani uma isikhulile futhi inombala onsomi ogqamile uma ingamaqabunga amancane, ihluke kakhulu ekushintsheni kombala wayo ezinkathini ezihlukene zonyaka.
I-Plum Leaf Apple Tree
Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Malus Prunifolia, iwuhlobo lwe-Rosaceae futhi idabuka e-China futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi yasakazekela ezifundeni ezihlukahlukene zomhlaba, itholakala ezifundeni eziphakeme cishe ngamamitha angu-1300 ngaphezu kolwandle. Ingafinyelela ubude obungamamitha ayisishiyagalombili, inezimbali ezincane ezimhlophe futhi ngesikhathi sasentwasahlobo inikeza isithelo esibomvu noma esiphuzi. Ezikhathini zamuva nje isithandwa njengempande emphakathini.
Sithemba ukuthi le ndatshana ibe wusizo, sikushiyela abanye ozokuthakasela ngokuqinisekile:
Imiphumela Yokungcoliswa Kolwandle
Ukulondolozwa Kwemithombo Yemvelo