I-Las Izici zokuthuthukiswa komuntu zingokwemvelo ngokuphelele futhi ziyingxenye yendlela engokomzimba nengokwebhayoloji wonke umuntu abhekana nayo lapho ebhekene nezingxabano ezihlukene phakathi nayo yonke inkathi yokuphila kwakhe kwesikhashana. Funda kabanzi mayelana nesihloko lapha!
Izici zokuthuthukiswa komuntu
I-Las izici zokuthuthuka komuntu zibonakaliswa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kubonakala emzimbeni, ngokomzwelo, ngokwengqondo, futhi kwethulwa emkhakheni wezenhlalakahle namasiko womuntu ngamunye.
Izigaba
Ukuthuthukiswa komuntu kuwo wonke umjikelezo wayo kuhlukaniswe ngezigaba ezahlukene, ezingahumushela ekushintsheni kwengqondo, ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo nangokwenhlalo. Izigaba ezahlukene umuntu adlula kuzo yilezi:
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Embryonic
Lesi sigaba senzeka esibelethweni, kusukela ekukhulelweni kwesidalwa esisha kuze kufike ekuzalweni kwaso. Ekuqaleni, kubizwa ngokuthi i-embryo, iyayeka ukuba umbungu emasontweni angu-8, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi iba nezinguquko, ikakhulukazi ekuvuthweni kwezinhlelo.
ikakhulukazi esikhathini se-embryonic, umbungu ubhekana nokukhula okusheshisa kakhulu, kusukela kunombolo yeviki lesi-9 izinguquko eziningi zikhonjwa ngobuningi bezingane, sezivele zine-morphology yomuntu.
Ikhanda, umboko kanye namaphethelo okuhlanganisa iminwe, amehlo, izindlebe kanye nezitho zangasese kuleli sonto elingunombolo 9 zikhula ngendlela egculisayo, ngaleyo ndlela zimele u-50% wawo wonke umzimba wengane.
Ukuthuthukiswa kombungu kuqala ukusheshisa ngokuphawulekayo ngesonto le-13, lapho iphinda kabili ubukhulu bayo, izitho eziphezulu.
Ezinyangeni ezilandelayo, usana olukhulayo ngokuqhubekayo luqhubeka nesigaba sokukhula, kuye ngokuphelele ngomzali, kuze kube yilapho ephuma esibelethweni sikanina, usana lufika emhlabeni seluqede isigaba esiqukethe esokuqala. izici zokuthuthuka komuntu.
Ubuntwana
Imele isigaba sesibili sokukhula komuntu, njengoba sibona singemva kwesigaba sokubeletha, futhi sandulela isigaba sobuntwana. Yisigaba esihlanganisa kusukela ekuzalweni kuya eminyakeni emibili yokuphila.
umntwana osanda kuzalwa ubizwa ngokuthi umntwana osanda kuzalwa, igama elithatha izinsuku ezingaba ngu-15, isigaba lapho umntwana evame ukulala cishe amahora angu-16 kuya kwangu-20 ngosuku. Ukuvuka nje ukondla.
Ngalesi sigaba, kuye ngokuziphendukela kwemvelo. ingane encane ihlakulela isithakazelo ekusebenziseni izitho zayo zezinzwa, kanye nokunyakaza kwayo, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa kolimi kwenzeka. Imele isigaba sokutholwa, imizwa emisha kanye nelukuluku.
Kulesi sigaba, umuntu ufunda ukuphatha iziphetho zakhe, kungamakhono ayisisekelo njengokuhamba, ukukhuluma, nokuhamba ngendlela yakhe.
Isici esiyinhloko sesiteji somntwana sihlanganisa:
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-sensory psychomotor: lapho ingane ithola khona amakhono engqondo nezimfanelo.
I-Expressive: Isukela ekukhaleni iye ezimisweni eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokusebenzisa ulimi.
ingqondo yengqondo: ibandakanya ukutholwa kolwazi namakhono okuqonda.
Ubuntwana
Kuyisigaba esibaluleke kakhulu, njengoba sibonakala ngokuqhubeka nokufunda. Okulandelayo, sizokwethula i- izici zokuthuthuka komuntu kwezinye izigaba zobuntwana:
- Phakathi kweminyaka emi-3 nengu-5: Ingane kulesi sigaba ithuthukisa izinga lokuqonda, ikwazi ukukhombisa ngokuziphatha kwayo, ezingeni elithintekayo lithuthukisa umthamo wobuntu obuphezulu obusekelwe ku-egocentrism.
Yisigaba abavame ukwenza kuso ngokwezidingo zabo, futhi bafuna ukunakwa okukhulu kubantu ababazungezile.
Bavame ukuthuthukisa i-heteronomy, baqala ukwahlulela ukuziphatha kokulungile noma okungalungile. Ngomdlalo bathuthuka ngolimi.
- Phakathi kweminyaka emi-7 nengu-12: Kuyisigaba sokuthuthuka okukhulu kuwo wonke amazinga, kulesi sigaba sokukhula umntwana ubelokhu eyinqoba kahle indawo yokufunda kwengqondo, futhi ulungiselela izinga elisha lokufunda.
Inselele yalesi sigaba iwukwenza ingane ifinyelele emazingeni amasha okucabanga, kuyiphuzu lapho ingane iyeka khona ukuba nengqondo, ingakwazi ukuhlanganisa izimiso ezinengqondo futhi icabange ngalokho okungenzeka.
Ngokwenhlalo, bahlakulela ukuzimela okukhulu futhi bayakwazi ukunqoba ukuzicabangela kwabo ukwabelana nokubamba iqhaza emigomweni efanayo. Ezingeni elingokomfanekiso, ukuxhumana kwabo kusekelwe ezingxoxweni kanye nokungqubuzana kwemibono. izinqubo zokucabanga zivame ukuba nengqondo futhi zingasetshenziswa ezinkingeni ezibonakalayo.
Ubusha
Kulesi sigaba, osemusha uzuza ulwazi olungaphelele olwazini oluphathekayo olubhekwayo, olumvumela ukuthi andise ukucabanga okunengqondo okuguquguqukayo, athuthukise imizwa enengqondo futhi akhe ubuntu bakhe kancane kancane.
- Phakathi kweminyaka engu-12 no-19 ubudala: Kukulesi sigaba lapho kuthuthukiswa khona ukucabanga okukhulu mayelana nemibono yokuziphatha, ukucabanga kwesayensi, ukucabanga okuhlangene, amathuba kanye nezilinganiso kwandiswa.
Ngokwengxenye yayo, ebusheni kwenzeka izinguquko ezinkulu ezingokomzimba eziwujuqu ekukhuleni komuntu, kuchazwa njengesinye sezigaba ezinhle kakhulu umuntu adlula kuzo, phakathi kwezinguquko ezibaluleke kakhulu esizitholayo:
- Ukuthomba
- Ukubukeka kwesifiso socansi
- Ukucasuka kanye nolaka (ukuguquguquka kwemizwa)
- Ukwakhiwa kwezibopho ezithintekayo.
- Izinguquko ezingokomzimba: ukuthuthukiswa kwezindlala zebele, endabeni yamantombazane, ukuvuthwa kwezitho zobulili, ukuqoqwa kwamafutha kwezinye izindawo.
Endabeni yamadoda, izinguquko zomzimba zenzeka ngokushintsha kwezwi, imisipha, ukuthuthukiswa nokuvuthwa kwezitho.
isiteji sentsha
Intsha iyisigaba esinzima kakhulu, esingqubuzanayo nesiyisisekelo sokukhula nokulingana, lapho abantu besuka ekubeni yizingane baye ekubeni abantu abadala.
- Kusukela eminyakeni engama-20 kuye kwengama-25: Kule nqubo, siqala ukuba nezinguquko zamahomoni ocansi, siyakuyeka ukuziphatha kwasebuntwaneni, umzimba wethu uyashintsha futhi ulungiselele ukuzivocavoca ubulili kanye nokuzala okudala ukuzala.
Yisikhathi lapho kufika ukuzimela ngokwezimali, siya ngokuya sifuna ukuzimela ngokwezimali kubazali bethu, ukuzimela kuthuthukiswa emazingeni aphezulu.
Sabelana ngezimo lapho abazali bengenakho ukufinyelela kuzo. Mayelana nokuthuthukiswa, izinguquko zomzimba ziqhubeka kancane kancane, ikhono lokuzivocavoca liyanda, futhi kukhona amandla amaningi.
Ubudala
Kuyisigaba sokuvuthwa, lapho umuntu ezuza khona ukuzimela kwezomnotho, ezuza umsebenzi kanye nezibopho zomndeni.
- Kusukela eminyakeni engama-23 kuye kwengama-35: Kulesi sigaba amandla amakhulu okusebenza ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo afinyelelwa, indoda kulesi sigaba isivele inamandla okwenza inqubo yokuthatha izinqumo, eyisisekelo futhi enquma inkambo yokuphila esikhathini esizayo.
Futhi kulesi sigaba, izibopho ziyatholwa, ngokwenhlalo yomphakathi, sithuthuka njengezakhamizi, ngokudlala indima emphakathini ngokuqashwa,
futhi ekugcineni, indoda ibona isidingo sokuzizwa igcwalisekile, ngokwakhiwa komndeni.
Ukuvuthwa
Isiteji esibonakala ngokuzinza okukhulu, njengoba umuntu esedlule okungenani ingxenye enkulu yezinqubo ezihilela ukuthuthukiswa komuntu. Kodwa ngisho nezinguquko zomzimba ziyaqhubeka zenzeka.
- Kusukela eminyakeni engama-36 kuye kwengama-45:Ezinye ze izici zokuthuthuka komuntunoma ezimelelwe izinguquko ezibonakalayo ezikhiqizwa kulesi sigaba yilezi:
- Endabeni yabesifazane, izinguquko ze-hormonal, ngokufika kokuya esikhathini.
- Ukuncipha kwamathuba okuzala, ukukhulelwa lapho usuneminyaka engama-40 kuye phambili umele ingozi empilweni kamama.
- Endabeni yamadoda, ukukhiqizwa kwesidoda kuqala ukuncipha.
- Kubo bobabili ubulili, ukubona kuqala ukwehluleka.
- Ukubukeka kwemibimbi ebusweni nasemzimbeni.
- Ukukhathala okukhulu lapho wenza imisebenzi yezemidlalo.
- Ubuthakathaka emathanjeni
- Ukuba khona kwezifo
Ukukhathazeka
Isiteji lapho umzimba womuntu ushintsha khona ngokuzumayo, okulimaza impilo, kuwo umzimba unciphisa izinga eliphelele lamakhono awo, futhi izifo eziningi zenzeka.
- Kusukela ku-66 kuye ku-75: Lokhu kumelela isigaba sokugcina somjikelezo wempilo yokukhula komuntu. Izinguquko zenzeka kuwo njengokuwohloka komzimba, ukukhathala, ukubukeka komzimba, ukuma nokuhamba kunokuwohloka okuphawuleka kakhulu.
Ukusebenza kahle kwezitho nezinzwa kuyehla, maningi amathuba okuthi umuntu angenwe yizifo, kancane kancane kwenzeka ukuntula ukuqonda okuthile. njengokulahlekelwa inkumbulo noma ukuncipha kanye nobuthakathaka bokucubungula ulwazi.
Kule minyaka siyathinteka ngisho noshintsho oluncane Tizinga lokushisa nomswakama Ngenxa yezimo zomzimba nezebhayoloji ezikhona kule nqubo, abantu abadala banqunyelwe ukwenza imisebenzi abebengayenza ngokujwayelekile ngaphambilini,
Izinguquko zenzeka ekuphileni kwabo kwansuku zonke kanye nasebudlelwaneni babo bomphakathi. Ngokuvamile, kulesi sigaba, abantu balahlekelwa imisebenzi, bahlushwa ukungalingani kwempilo yabo, bazihlukanise nabangane babo, futhi baqala ukulahlekelwa abantu abaningana abababathandayo, ikakhulukazi abantu abangabodwa. isizukulwane esifanayo.
Zonke lezi zimo ziba nomthelela omkhulu endleleni umuntu ngamunye abhekana ngayo nabhekana ngayo nokuguga. Isiteji okungelula neze ukubhekana naso ngenxa yezinguquko ezinkulu ezithinta inhlalakahle enempilo yomuntu.
Ukuguga
Lesi isigaba sokugcina sempilo yomuntu. imele enye ye izici zokuthuthuka komuntu okunzima ukubhekana nakho, kuveza ukuwohloka okujulile nokuthuthukayo kwalo lonke uhlelo lomzimba.
Kusukela ekuwohlokeni noma ekulahlekelweni inkumbulo, ukukhathala, ubumpumputhe, ukuwohloka kwamathambo, ukuntula ukusebenzisana, ukulahlekelwa ukwahlulela, phakathi kwama-pathologies amaningi athuthukayo njengoba izinsuku, amasonto nezinyanga ziqhubeka kulesi sigaba sokugcina asikwazi ngisho nokuhlukanisa izinhlungu. Izinkathi Zonyaka.
Kuleli qophelo, izifo ezifana ne-osteoporosis, i-Alzheimer's, ukulahlekelwa ukukhuluma, ukungabi nangqondo, izinkinga zemithambo noma ukucindezeleka, phakathi kwezinye izimo ezigcina zidla futhi ziwohloke impilo yabantu asebekhulile abasesigabeni sokugcina sokuphila.
Ekugcineni, njengoba sifundile, zonke izigaba zokukhula komuntu zimelela izinqubo ezibalulekile ekukhuleni okuphelele nokuthuthuka kokuphila kule planethi.
Ngokungangabazeki, isigaba ngasinye sokukhula siletha, ezimweni zokuqala, izinzuzo, okuhlangenwe nakho okusha nezinselele okufanele zicatshangwe, nokho yonke inqubo eqala lapho siwumbungu isivumela ukuba sivuthwe izici zethu ze-morphological ngezinga elinjalo.
Kodwa esikhathini esizayo, kufika isikhathi lapho inqubo yokuthuthuka komuntu igcwalisa umsebenzi wayo (ukusiguga) umjikelezo okufanele siphile futhi sibhekane nawo ngendlela engcono kakhulu. siyazalwa, siyazala, futhi siyafa. Lona umjikelezo wangempela wempilo.
Umjikelezo ongagcwaliseki kuphela ohlotsheni lwabantu, kodwa nasezilwaneni, nakuzo zonke izinto eziphefumulayo nezinokuphila. Akungabazeki ukuthi izici zokuthuthuka komuntu Ekuqaleni kwayo, imele iqiniso elimangalisayo esilijabulela ngokugcwele, futhi elihambisana nathi ekuhambeni kwethu emhlabeni.