Izinganekwane zamaGreki zigcwele izindaba ezimangalisayo, eziningi zazo ezihlose ukuchaza isenzakalo esithile esingokwemvelo ebesingenakuchazwa ngenye indlela. Sikumema ukuthi ufunde lesi sihloko mayelana inganekwane ye-persephone, umlingiswa obalulekile osetshenziswa amaGreki ukuchaza izinkathi zonyaka.
Ubani i-Persephone?
Ngaphakathi kwezinganekwane zamaGreki sithola abalingisi abaningi abadlala indima ephambili ezinganekwaneni ezaziwa kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele. Zonke izindaba zinesiphetho, okungukuthi, inhloso, izinganekwane nazo. Yebo, ezinye zezindaba ezixoxwayo zigxile kakhulu ezimfundisweni ezingadlulisa. Ngakho, eziningi zezinganekwane zadalwa ukuze zichaze isenzakalo esithile esingokwemvelo.
Kumuntu wangaleso sikhathi, izinganekwane kwakuyizindaba eziyiqiniso, ezazichaza izenzakalo zobukhulu obuhlukahlukene ezenzeka ekuphileni kwakhe. I-Persephone ingumlingiswa owaziwayo emlandweni wezinganekwane, onegama lesiGreki, Περσεφόνη or Persephone, intombazane, indodakazi kaZeus noDemeter.
I-Persephone noma i-Kore, unkulunkulukazi wentwasahlobo, izinkathi zonyaka, nokuzala. Ngesinye isikhathi empilweni yakhe, naye uba yindlovukazi ye-Underworld, lapho ethunjwa yiHayidese futhi amshade. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi uhlamvu lwe-Persephone luye lwahunyushwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, ezingahlali zihambisana nesithombe ababenaso eGrisi lasendulo.
Kukhona i-romanticism ethile ezungeza inganekwane yayo eyaziwa kakhulu, inganekwane yokuthumba. Nokho, umlando wayo ukhululekile ukuchazwa, okuvumela umuntu ngamunye ukuba abe nombono wakhe mayelana nale nganekwane.
Uma ungathanda ukufunda okuqukethwe okwengeziwe okufana nale nganekwane ye-Persephone, sikumema ukuthi ufunde inganekwane yommbila esigabeni sethu sezinganekwane nezinsumansumane.
Uhlolojikelele lwenganekwane
Indaba ye-Persephone ifundisa ububili, kukhona ngaphambi nangemva kwempilo ye-Persephone lapho ukuthunjwa kwakhe kwenzeka. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho kubonwa kalula, ukuthi i-Persephone, noma njengonkulunkulukazi, ayigonyiwe kanjani ekubeni umuntu oguquguqukayo.
Ekuqaleni kwendaba, sibona unkulunkulukazi omnandi futhi ongenacala, othunjwa ngesihluku emzini wakhe futhi ubuhlungu bukanina yibo obumenza abuyele ekhaya. Leso sikhathi lapho engekho noDemeter kwakungesamaGreki, isikhathi sasebusika, ngenkathi ebuyela ekhaya kwakuyintwasahlobo.
Abaningi bayakhohlwa ukuthi i-Persephone yashintsha lapho ingena endaweni engaphansi komhlaba. Uma uqeda indaba futhi ulalele izinganekwane ezenzeka ngemva kokuthunjwa, ungabona ukuthi ubuntu bukaPersephone bushintsha kanjani ukuze buvumelane nendawo yakhe. Kwabanye, uzohlala engunkulunkulukazi wentwasahlobo, kwabanye - indlovukazi yangaphansi komhlaba.
Inganekwane yePersephone
Ukuqala ngomlando wenganekwane kumele sicacise ezinye izinto, kunezinguqulo ezimbili ezihlukene ezikhuluma ngokwenzeka.
Owokuqala uchaza ukuthi i-Persephone yathunjwa iHayidesi, umalume wakhe, nokuthi uyamphoqa ukuba achithe isikhathi evalelwe endaweni engaphansi komhlaba. Ngaso sonke isikhathi kuleyo ndaba, kugcizelelwa ukuthi i-Persephone ichitha isikhathi lapho ngokumelene nentando yakhe. Futhi, kunenkulumo ethi iHayidesi lamkhohlisa ukuba adle isithelo esivela endaweni yabafileyo azi ukuthi sasiyomphoqa ukuba ahlale.
Kodwa-ke, inguqulo yesibili yenganekwane ikhuluma nge-Persephone engenacala ewela ekukhohlisweni kweHayidesi. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, konke kwenzeka ngendlela efanayo, kodwa umehluko wukuthi i-Persephone ithandana neHayidese. Lapho emnika isithelo, uyasithatha eyazi imiphumela yokudla lapho. Ngakho ngokuzithandela udla imbewu embalwa futhi unquma ukuhlala eHayidese ngaleso sikhathi.
Ukubili kwenganekwane ye-Persephone
Zombili izinguqulo ziyohlale zincike ekuchazeni komuntu siqu. Izinganekwane zendabuko nazo zihluke kancane kubazali be-Persephone, ngokusemthethweni i-Persephone indodakazi kaZeus noDemeter. Nokho, umtapo wezincwadi wasenganekwaneni ka-Apollodorus uchaza ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi wayeyindodakazi kaZeus noStyx.
Ukulandela indaba echaza ukuthi i-Persephone indodakazi kaDemeter, inganekwane itshela ukuthi uDemeter, naphezu kokuba unkulunkulukazi we-Olympus, wahlala kude nayo. Unquma ukukhulisa indodakazi yakhe ihluke kakhulu kwabanye onkulunkulu, ephila impilo enokuthula, enakekela imvelo kanye nembewu ekhulayo.
I-Persephone enganekwaneni kaDemeter
Lapho indodakazi yakhe isikhulile kakade, ithandana nonkulunkulu uHermes, Ares, Apollo noHephaestus. Nokho, uDemeter wenqaba zonke izipho neziphakamiso zendodakazi yakhe. Unquma ukumqhubela kude, amyise ensimini ekude kakhulu nayo yonke impucuko. Kulowo mkhakha, i-Persephone yayiphethe ukusiza unina nokunakekela yonke imvelo nezidalwa eziphilayo. Kwakuyimpilo elula futhi ethule.
Ngolunye usuku, ngenkathi i-Persephone inama-nymphs, kwavuleka ukuqhekeka okukhulu emhlabathini futhi iHayidesi, unkulunkulu wabafileyo nomqaphi we-underworld, yaphuma. Wayeseyibuke iPersephone isikhashana wayesemthanda ngokuphelele, ngakho uhlela isu lokumthumba futhi uyaphumelela. Uthatha i-Persephone ezandleni zakhe futhi ubuyela endaweni engaphansi komhlaba lapho emenza khona umkakhe.
intwasahlobo nobusika
Izimpungushe ezazihamba nePersephone zajeziswa ngokungangeni futhi zasiza, ngakho zaguqulwa zaba yizinsumansumane. UDemeter uthola ngokunyamalala kwendodakazi yakhe futhi uguqule umhlaba ube yizwe eliyincithakalo nelingenakuphila.
U-Hecate uzwa ukukhala kukaDemeter efuna indodakazi yakhe futhi umtshela ukuthi kufanele akhulume noHelios. Unkulunkulu welanga umtshela konke, uchaza ukuthi iHayidesi lavela kanjani kanye nokuthunjwa kwePersephone. UDemeter. lapho ezwa le ndaba, uphendukela kuZeus futhi ufuna ukuba afune indodakazi yakhe, ngaphandle kwalokho umhlaba uyohlala ubanda phakade.
Okuningi kwenganekwane ye-Persephone
UZeus ucela iHayidesi ukuthi ibuyisele i-Persephone endaweni engaphansi komhlaba. Ukufeza lokhu, ufuna uHermes omhlengayo. Ukuphela kwesimo esasikhona sokuhlenga i-Persephone ukuthi angadli noma yikuphi ukudla phakathi nohambo. IHayidesi, ihlakaniphe kunoZeus, yakwazi ukwenza i-Persephone idle imbewu eyisithupha noma emine yamahalananda.
Ngembewu ngayinye, i-Persephone kwadingeka ichithe inyanga endaweni engaphansi komhlaba. Ngesimo esinjalo, wakwazi ukuthola i-Persephone ukuthi ihlale neHayidesi okungenani ingxenye enkulu yonyaka. Kunemibono eminingana mayelana nale nguqulo yakamuva, kuthiwa yaphoqwa futhi yakhohliswa. Kodwa-ke, u-Ascalo utshele abanye onkulunkulu ukuthi i-Persephone idle imbewu ngokuzithandela.
Lapho bobabili abesifazane sebehlanganisiwe ekugcineni, izwe liphinde libe indawo egcwele uhlaza nokuphila. Nokho, izinyanga eziyisithupha zonyaka umhlaba uyoba ugwadule, umphumela wobuhlungu bukaDemeter ngendodakazi yakhe.
Sikumema ukuthi ufunde lesi sihloko mayelana inganekwane of kwakhala esigabeni sezinganekwane nezinsumansumane.
Ezinye izinguqulo ze-Persephone
Abanye abacwaningi banamuhla bathi kukhona umuntu onezici ezifana nePersephone eyayikhulekelwa kudala ngaphambi kokuba amaGreki abe khona.
Eqinisweni, kungenxa yalolu phenyo ukuthi kuye kwenzeka ukuthola ukuthi kusukela ezikhathini ze-Neolithic lo nkulunkulukazi wayesevele ekhonzwa, nakuba ayengaziwa kahle ngegama lakhe lesiGreki. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isazi sezinganekwane Karoly Kerenyi ichaza ukuthi i-Persephone yayixhunyaniswe no-Ariadne, indodakazi kaMino, inkosi yaseKrethe, nokuthi wabonakala njengenkosikazi ye-labyrinth.
ukuhlonishwa nokukhulekela
Akubona bodwa onkulunkulu abangu-12 base-Olympus ababehlonishwa. Kubantu baseGreece Yasendulo, uDemeter kanye nePersephone bamele indima ebaluleke kakhulu yesiko, ngenxa yamandla emvelo ababenawo. Babephethe ukunakekela umjikelezo wempilo yazo zonke izinto eziphilayo.
Akukhona nje ukuthi babekhulekelwa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene eGreece, kodwa futhi kukholakala ukuthi ubukhona babo bobabili onkulunkulukazi bukhona kudala ngaphambi kokuba khona konkulunkulu bama-Olympian. Lokhu kubenza babe yingxenye yeqembu elidala kakhulu lonkulunkulu emlandweni. Kunezigaba eziningana zokukhulekelwa kwakhe noma ukuhlonishwa, ezesimanje kakhulu, okungukuthi, ezikhathini zamaGreki, yilezo ezilotshwe kakhulu futhi zafundwa kakhulu.
Imikhosi ka-Eleusinian
I-Secrets of Eleusis ichaza ukuthi bobabili onkulunkulukazi babenemikhuba yokuqalisa amahlelo ukuze bakhulekelwe futhi le mikhuba yayiqhutshwa unyaka ngamunye e-Eleusis. U-Eleusis kwakuyidolobha eliseduze ne-Athens futhi wayebhekwa njengelinye lamakamelo kaDemeter ngesikhathi efuna indodakazi yakhe.
Imikhosi yase-Eleusinian ibhekwa njengemikhosi ebaluleke kakhulu kubantu baseGreece, empeleni, bakwazi ukuphila isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukuze abantu baseRoma bayenze futhi. Nokho-ke ukuchaza kahle okwenzeka kule micikilisho kunzima kakhulu, amathwasa abenqatshelwa ukuthi akhulume ngokufanele akwenze ezithweni zangasese. Naphezu kwalokhu, izimbongi eziningi zamaGreki zakwazi ukwenza ezinye izingxenye zemicikilisho eyenzeka obala zingafi, njengezindwendwe.
Ucwaningo lwakamuva mayelana nemikhuba
Abacwaningi abahlukahlukene baye bahlaziya imibhalo kanye nezinganekwane. Baye banquma ukuthi izimfihlakalo zale micikilisho zithembisa ukwembula imfihlo enkulu yesintu, isithembiso sokungafi eHayidesi (noma ezweni elingaphansi), zonke eziphathelene nombuso ongaphansi komhlaba wasePersephone, futhi ekugcineni lapho ukufa kuyofika kwesintu nakuwo wonke umuntu. .
Ukufakwa kukaDemeter noPersephone e-Olympus kwakungenxa kankulunkulu oyinhloko uZeus. Kodwa-ke, kwakungazinzile, njengoba izazi-mlando zichaza ukuthi uDemeter noPersephone abazange bachithe isikhathi e-Olympus, ngakho abaningi abacabangi ngabo lapho bexoxa ngonkulunkulu base-Olympus.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi kunobufakazi bokuthi abantu abaningi ababekhulekela uDemeter noPersephone babengafuni ukuba abe-Olympus. Ayecabanga ukuthi ayenamandla kakhulu ukuba angabonwa ngaphansi komthunzi wobunkulunkulu besilisa, ngakho inkolo yalabonkulunkulukazi yazama ukubaqhelelanisa nalezi zimpawu zobuntu.
Ungafunda ezinye izindatshana ezinjengalesi mayelana nenganekwane ye-Persephone kubhulogi yethu, empeleni sincoma ukuthi ufunde izinganekwane nezinsumansumane zaseMexico.
izinkolo ze-orphic
I-Orphism iyiqoqo lezinkolelo, amasiko nemikhuba yenkolo engokwenkolo ye-Orphic, isisekelo sayo sishiwo yimbongi u-Orpheus, umlingiswa wasenganekwaneni. Inkolelo yakhe eyinhloko yayiwukuthi umphefumulo womuntu wawuyingqikithi yakhe yangempela nokuthi lena kwakuyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yomuntu, ngaphezu kwalokho, wakhuluma ngomphefumulo nomzimba njengezinto ezimbili ezihlukene. Lichaza ukuthi umzimba wawuyisitsha somphefumulo kuphela nokuthi wawuzokufa, kuyilapho umphefumulo wawuyohlupheka ngenxa yemiphumela yokuphila.
I-Persephone yadlala indima evelele enkolweni ye-Orphic, yayikhulekelwa ngokuhlanganyela noDionysus. Eqinisweni, akwaziwa kahle ukuthi hlobo luni lobuhlobo ababenalo, njengoba kunezinguqulo eziningana eziqinisekisa ukuthi kwakuyindodana yakhe, umfowabo noma isithandwa sakhe.
Okuningi ngo-Persephonic Orphism
Ngaphakathi kwalezi zinkolo nezinkolelo, amathempeli anikezelwe ngokukhethekile kubo avelele, isibonelo salokhu yi-Gortina, indawo eyayisetshenziselwa ukwenza amasiko angaqondakali, ngaphezu kwalokho, njengeqiniso elimangalisayo, kulezi zindawo kwakugujwa imikhosi egcwele. utshwala futhi isizathu esikhulu kwakuwukugubha ukuphila nokufa.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amathwasa namakholwa aleli hlelo kwakudingeka adlule enkathini yokuzithiba, lapho kwakudingeka ahlale edakiwe isikhathi eside bese ephuza iwayini eliningi. Lokhu kwakwazi ukuguqula izimo zemvelo zomqondo nomzimba wakhe, okwamvumela ukuba azithibe ngokuphelele, isici esasidingeka ekukhulekeleni labonkulunkulu.
Lolu hlobo lwesiko, lapho ukuphuzwa kwewayini bekuyisidlakela, belujwayeleke kakhulu kumathwasa, kusuke kulaba lapho kuthiwa izimfihlo ezahlukene abebezigcina bezivezwa abantu. UDionysus noPersephone babenokuthile abafana ngakho, bobabili onkulunkulu babebeke unyawo endaweni engaphansi futhi babuyele emhlabeni ngaphandle kwenkinga.
Unkulunkulukazi kanye ne-Feminine Archetypes
Ukuze siqonde ithonya lenganekwane ye-Persephone kanye naye ngokwakhe kuma-archetypes wesifazane, kufanele sazi kahle ukuthi lezi ziyini. I-Archetypes yigama elisetshenziswa ekujuleni kwengqondo ukuze kuchazwe izakhi noma amadivaysi engqondo, angatholakala kubantu, anethonya langaphandle noma langaphakathi.
Bashayela noma baba nomthelela ekuziphatheni komuntu ngezizathu ezahlukene. Lezi zinhlobo zezakhi azinakho ukulungiswa okuqondile, zikhona ngokuzimela ngaphandle kwesiko, isikhathi, umcabango, inkolo, indawo noma ezinye izimo, i-archetype yesifazane ivame ukuhlotshaniswa eduze nenganekwane.
Nakuba izinkomba ezivame kakhulu phakathi kwama-archetypes wesifazane kanye nonkulunkulu yizimo zikankulunkulukazi u-Athena, u-Hera no-Demeter, uma kukhona okubhekisela ku-Goddess Persephone futhi yiyona esizoyihlola ngokulandelayo. I-Persephone unkulunkulukazi wentwasahlobo kanye nendlovukazi yezwe elingaphansi komhlaba, lobu bubili bunezici ezingasetshenziswa njengemodeli ukuhlonza ubuntu beqembu labantu ngabanye.
I-Persephone njenge-archetype
Uhlobo lwe-Persephone luvame ukubonakala njengomuntu ongenzi lutho, oncike kakhulu emabhizinisini angaphandle futhi osengozini yokukhohliswa. Kuthiwa lobu buntu bukhula ngenxa yokuba khona komama ofana noDemeter, okungukuthi, umuntu olawulayo, onobunikazi futhi ofuna ngenkani endimeni yakhe njengomama. I-Persephone yayizithoba ngokuphelele futhi inomusa.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umuntu onobuntu be-Persephone ngokuvamile ungumuntu ohlale efuna ukugunyazwa owesifazane noma imvume kamama, lokhu bakwenza ngokungazi, njengoba bengakwazi ukuthethelela leso sifiso. Ukwengeza, laba bantu bavame ukubizwa ngokuthi ababuthakathaka ngokumelene nomuntu onamandla amakhulu.
Banikela ngezimpilo zabo ukuze bajabulise abanye, abafuni ubuholi, bangabantu abazithobayo kodwa bahlakaniphile, ngokuvamile, badlulisela ubuntu bomntwana ngisho nalapho iminyaka yabo ibonisa ubudala obuvuthiwe. I-archetype ye-Persephone ihlobene kakhulu nobuntu bakhe ngaphambi kokuba indlovukazi ye-underworld, njengoba kuncane okwaziwayo ngomlingiswa wakhe ngemuva kwalokhu.
I-archetype yabesifazane kanye ne-mythological duality
Abaningi bamemezela ukuthi kunobubili obuqinile obuhlukanisa ubuntu babo, okungukuthi, bayazithoba kodwa banenkani. Ababona abaholi kodwa futhi abalandeli abanye ngokwethembeka, futhi ngenxa yalokho izici eziningi zokuziphatha kwabo zibonisa ukuphikisa kwe-polar.
Ukuthuthukiswa kobuntu bakhe kuzoxhomeka kuphela ekuzihloleni kwakhe kanye nomphumela wezimpawu zakhe, njengoba kwenza i-Persephone. Leyo nqubo yokuzazi nokuzalwa kabusha iphindaphindwa kuzo zonke izinganekwane zamaGreki.
Uma usithandile lesi sihloko, sikumema ukuthi uqhubeke uhlola izigaba ezahlukene ezitholakala kubhulogi yethu, ngezindatshana ezigcwele ulwazi olumangalisayo nolwazi oluphelele kakhulu. Eqinisweni, sincoma ukuthi ufunde isihloko sethu sakamuva kiss alley
Sinentshisekelo enkulu embonweni wakho, ngakho-ke sishiye amazwana ukuze wazi ukuthi ucabangani ngalesi sihloko senganekwane ye-Persephone.