UCortázar Uthe indaba emfishane yadlula inoveli ukungqongqoza futhi lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lokhu kuyindaba exoxwayo okufanele ifinyeze emakhasini ambalwa isiqephu esiphelele esingasinikeza inoveli, ngakho-ke ngokubona ubukhulu balowo msebenzi size ukuzokunikeza amathiphu okuthi ibhalwa kanjani indaba.
Indlela yokwenza indaba?
Siyazi ukuthi izindaba, ikakhulukazi lezo eziqondiswe ezinganeni, zihlala ziqukethe ezinye kuzo ukuziphatha; kodwa-ke, phakathi kobuningi nezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo nezithameli lezo izindaba ezingaqondiswa kuzo, silahlekelwa umbono wokufinyelela ukufunda ngoqwembe olusiliva futhi, njengabafundi, siba njengabacwaningi balokho okwakusho ukuthini kanye nohlobo lwabanambithi bendlela. kwathiwa.
Kodwa, indlela yokwenza indaba?Kunabafundi abaningi ngempela kunababhali futhi yingakho senze ukukhetha kwezeluleko noma amathiphu angasiza ukwenza lelo nani leqe lisuke ekubeni umthengi wemibono liye ekubeni abadali.kusuka okufanayo.
Okunye okuqukethwe okumele sicabangisise ngakho ukuthi izindaba zingenye yezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokukhuluma kunoma yimuphi umbhali, kungathiwa ngemuva kokubhala izindaba eziningi ingabhalwa inoveli ngoba mhlawumbe inoveli ingabonakala njengenselelo enkulu kusukela kumele kutholakale ukwehlukahlukana kwezikhala, izindawo, izakhiwo kanye nabalingiswa, okuba khona endabeni kodwa kube kancane.
Kanjani Uthandile kwe-movie I-Ratatouille: "Noma ubani angakwazi ukupheka" kodwa ngokwengqikithi kulesi sihloko kuzoba into efana nokuthi noma ubani angakwazi ukubhala indaba, kodwa lokhu empeleni kusho ukuthi umbhali omkhulu angavela noma yikuphi; nokho, izithako ezimbili esingeke sazenza ngaphandle kwazo lapho sibhala indaba, ukuyiqala nokuyiqeda, isiyalo nentshiseko.
Uma ufuna ukufunda indlela yokwenza indaba, kufanele uqale uyeke ukucabanga ukuthi ukwenza indaba kuwumsebenzi olula kakhulu, mhlawumbe unayo njengesabelo semfundo noma kumane kuyisicelo esivela emphefumulweni wakho. Kuzo zombili izimo, kuhle kakhulu, khumbula nje ukuthi lesi sakhiwo ozosenza kufanele senze umqondo we-semantic futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, kufanele unakekele isipelingi nohlelo lolimi.
Ngokubekezela, ukuzijwayeza kanye nothando, izindaba zakho zinganyakazisa futhi zikhumbuleke noma zethuse futhi zihlasimulise, noma ngabe ufuna ukuzethula. Okuqukethwe, ukukusiza ufunde indlela yokwenza indaba, siyayihlukanisa ibe izingxenye: okokuqala ukubhala kwangaphambili; ukubhala kwesibili noma uhlaka; uhlelo lwesithathu; amathiphu wesine wokuphuma ekumeni kokudala noma ekuwohlokeni.
Ukubhala kuqala
Ukuqala kwenqubo yokudala kungase kudideke futhi kuqhathaniswe kakhulu nezimo ezinesiphithiphithi nezingavamile zokuphefumulelwa, kodwa, uma lezi zingekho lapho kubhalwa, kuhlale kunezinye izindlela ezifana nokuxoxisana; ube nesimo sengqondo sokuqaphela ngokwedlulele kukho konke okubonayo okuzungezile nokuthi akunjalo? Ukuze ufunde indlela yokwenza indaba, ungasebenzisa izinsiza ezifana nokuchaza noma izinhlobo zamamephu engqondo ezinyathelweni zakho zokuqala.
qoqa ulwazi
Zama ukuzicabangela njengesilwane esinephunga elimnandi esijaha abalingisi noma izimo kokubili empilweni yangempela nasemcabangweni wakho. Ikakhulukazi uma indaba yakho iyiphupho noma isondelene kakhulu nezindikimba eziqanjiwe, nakuba sazi ukuthi kuzo zonke izinganekwane kukhona iqiniso eliningi.
Thatha incwajana noma incwajana yokubhalela uye endaweni ngayinye oya kuyo kusukela ubone umuntu othile emgwaqweni, ukuzwa indaba evela kugogo noma ukubona ukulwa phakathi kwezimo noma abalingiswa abaningi kungaba umthombo wokucabanga futhi ukuphatha incwajana kuwe. Ungabhala phansi imiqondo ngayinye evela kuwe.
Kungenzeka ukuthi isikhathi eside uzobe usesimweni sokungathathi hlangothi sokuzindla nokwamukela lapho ukulandisa kwakho kubonakala kuza kuwe ngezingcezu ezincane ongeke wazi kahle ukuthi iyiphi i-glue okufanele uyishaye, kodwa ngenhlanhla encane futhi ukuthintana ngolwazi olwakhayo ungaba nenhlanhla yokuthi indaba izodalulwa emicabangweni yakho kancane kancane noma emizuzwini embalwa.
Kulezi zomiso ezikhuthazayo ezingase zivele lapho nje ufuna ukufunda indlela yokwenza indaba, ungaphendukela ekuxoxisaneni okuhlanganisa ukuqala ukuphakamisa imibono ehlukahlukene, imibono kanye nezisombululo esihlokweni, esivame kakhulu phakathi kwamaqembu omsebenzi lapho ezizwa. wanamathela.
Kunoma yikuphi, ungakhathazeki uma lobu bunzima bokuqala bokubhala buvela ngoba buzonyamalala kancane kancane njengoba ungcwelisa isitayela sakho kuwe futhi, ukuyibeka ngothando: thola izwi lakho.
Omunye wababhali abayisibonelo salokhu kungabaza ekubhekeni imvelo ngu Isaka Asimov othe ngezimfihlakalo zakhe ukhombise ukuthi ugqozi oluvela kubangani, umndeni noma imvelo kuyizengezo ezinhle kakhulu zokuthuthukisa isipiliyoni sombhali esizwakala kulokho okufundwa ngabafundi.
Ungakhohlwa, uma ufuna ukufunda izinyathelo zokuqala zendlela yokwenza indaba, kufanele ube umqoqi wemibono, ubheke abantu, ujikeleze idolobha ngezithuthi zomphakathi, ungenzi njengoba abaningi benza, abaya khona kuphela banamathele. kubhamuza lomuntu ngaphandle kokubona umhlaba omzungezile, umuntu ngamunye unomlingo wakhe kanye nesici esithile esingaba ingxenye yomlingiswa omdalayo.
ukubhala noma ukubhala
Umzuzu wokudlula emibonweni ephaphazelayo emakhanda ethu siqale ipensela ephepheni ukuze siqale indaba singesinye samaphuzu ajabulisa kakhulu kodwa futhi anenani elikhulu lamaphuzu okufanele siqaphele kakhulu kuwo, sethula kuwe ngamanani amaningana. izinyathelo ezingaqinile ezingalungiswa noma ziguqulwe kuye ngombhali nokuthi uthola kanjani lokho athanda ukwenza indaba.
Phakathi kwecala nephutha sincoma ukuthi uqale uchaze ukuthi yiziphi izici zendaba, bese kuba abalingiswa, kulandele ukuthi ngubani ozoxoxa indaba futhi ngakho konke lokhu uzokwazi ukugxila futhi uhlele imibono yakho, sihlolisisa ngayinye yalezi. ngezansi:
Izici zendaba
Kukulesi sici lapho lokho okuzoba uhlaka lohlaka lombhalo kuchazwe, kuvezwe noma kuqanjwe, isingeniso lapho abalingiswa bethulwa khona; indawo lapho indaba izokwenzeka khona; isimo sezulu; sikusiphi isikhathi somlando noma samanje futhi uma kuyiphupho noma iqiniso; njll. Ngokufanayo, iyachaza isenzo sokuqala okuyindawo lapho isakhiwo sikhula khona nalapho abalingiswa beqala khona ukwenza okuthile.
Ngemva kwesingeniso kanye nesenzo sokuqala kufika i isenzo esikhulayo lapho abalingisi basohlotsheni lwesandulela noma besendleleni eya ku uvuthondaba okuyiphuzu elinamandla kakhulu endabeni. Kulandelwa konke lokhu kufika i isitoko esiwayo lapho sibheke e-denouement bese sifika ku-a isinqumo wento ebaluleke kakhulu okumele ibe sezindabani nokuwukungqubuzana, okwethulwa phakathi kwezigaba zokuqala futhi kuxazululwe phakathi kovuthondaba kanye nedenouement.
Ekupheleni kwendaba, ngokwesakhiwo, unganquma ukuthi uyishiye ivuliwe futhi ngaleyo ndlela ukwazi ukwenza ingxenye yesibili, kodwa okujwayelekile ukuthi labo balingiswa abahililekile endabeni baqanjwe kabusha njengohlobo lokuvala. noma incazelo ekhombisa ukuthi babuyele ezimpilweni zabo zashintsha noma cha, umlingiswa okufanele aguquke noma ashintshe kakhulu kulesi simo nguye oyinhloko.
Ngakho-ke khumbula ukuthi siyaqonda ukuthi, nakuba kungase kube nezinye, isakhiwo sendaba esidume kakhulu nesiyisisekelo yilokhu okulandelayo:
Isingeniso: lapho abalingiswa, indawo, isikhathi somlando, isimo sezulu saleyo ndawo, njll.
Isenzo sokuqala: leli yiphuzu elihle kakhulu lokubeka isisekelo sokungqubuzana.
Isenzo esikhulayo: indlela yokufinyelela kuvuthondaba lapho udweshu lwethulwa ngokushuba okukhulu.
Uvuthondaba: iphuzu eliqine kakhulu noma iphuzu eliphindwe kabili emlandweni.
Isenzo Sokuwa: indaba iqonde edenouement.
Isixazululo noma umphumela: kuyo ukungqubuzana kanye nabalingiswa kuxazululwa ezimpilweni zabo zangaphambili noma izinqubo.
Sethula isakhiwo somugqa ngoba siyazi ukuthi lapho sifunda indlela yokubhala indaba lokhu kungenye yezinto eziyisisekelo nezisebenza kahle kakhulu, kodwa aziqinile uma unombono wesiphetho, zibhale phansi futhi kusukela lapho, ngisho noma akusona isiqalo,kungase kuvele.indaba ngokukubuza ukuthi kwenzekeni emva kwalokhu? Futhi kwenzekani ngaphambi kwalokhu?
Izinhlamvu
Emashidini ahlukene noma ebhulokhini ungawaqamba kanye nezici zawo, futhi usungula ubuhlobo bezingane nomndeni noma uma benesici esithile esifana namandla amakhulu noma i-mania ephawuleka kakhulu.
Kanye nomlingiswa ngamunye onamandla amakhulu, umphikisi noma iphutha elithile kufanele livele noma lingase livele ngoba uma ezindabeni umlingisi engenazo izitha, indaba ingaba yisicefe, ibe yisicaba futhi idangele.
Kumele uqaphele ukuze abalingiswa bakho bangaphindaphindi futhi ukugwema lokhu ungabadala ngokusekelwe kubantu bangempela abanezimfanelo, amaphutha kanye nezimfanelo ezinhle ezibenza babe ngabantu futhi, ngakho-ke, ukuhlonza kwenzeka kakhulu.
Ukwenza indaba akuwona umsebenzi olula kodwa uma uwuthanda futhi uvumela umcabango wakho ugijime, udlula kuleli phuzu uzokwazi ukusho ipulani lomsebenzi nokuthi yiziphi izenzo okufanele zilandelwe ukuze uqhubeke futhi uqedele indaba yakho, khumbula: ukuthi yonke indaba kumele kube nokungqubuzana okuguqula izenzo ezizokwenzeka kuyo.
Uma ungenalo ugqozi lokwakha umlingiswa, khumbula ukuthi ukuze ufunde ukwenza indaba ungahlala uphenduka ukuze ubone indawo okuzungezile, isibonelo, ungabuka lowo muntu ohlale ephuza ikhofi, yisiphi isici esimvelele? uthuthuva? noma lowo ohlale ememeza ukuze axhumane, lokho kungase kukhumbuze kancane indaba yomemezi phakathi kwe Izinganekwane zaseBolivia.
hlangana nabalingiswa bakho
Lesi yisigaba sombhalo ongezansi wabalingisi esiqhubeka nokuhamba kubo, ngoba kithina kubonakala kubaluleke kakhulu ukucacisa ukuthi ukuze indaba yethembeke, abalingiswa kumele nabo bathembeke futhi kanye nokwethembeka kwabo kumele yiba yiqiniso.
Kulokhu njengababhali kumele sizame ukwakha «abantu bangempela». Bhala uhlu lwezici zobuntu zabalingisi bakho, kusukela kumbala wabo oyintandokazi, kuya ekusatshweni kwabo okukhulu, ukudla abakuthandayo, okugqugquzelayo, uma benephimbo elithile, njll.
Noma ungalufaki lolu lwazi endabeni, kuzokuvumela ukuthi udlale kangcono umlingiswa osendabeni futhi kuzokhombisa ukuthi uyamazi njengokuthi wazi umngane wakho omkhulu noma wena ngokwakho. Khumbula ukuthi akudingekile ukuba babe ubuntu obuphelele, kumelwe babe nephutha elithile noma ukungapheleli, phawula lokho Batman ubengeke adume kangako ukube bekungengenxa ye-sociopathy yakhe.
Nakuba uma ungafuni, akudingekile ukuba wenze ihaba ngamaphuzu abuthakathaka abalingiswa bakho noma ngenxa yokuthi kungase kube izici ezivamile noma izici abantu abaningi abazaziyo nabahlupheka ngazo, isibonelo, ukuhlaselwa intukuthelo noma ukukhathazeka. ; ukwesaba ubumnyama noma amanzi; ube nesizungu; ukubhema kakhulu; njalo ngifuna ukwenza iphathi, njll. futhi ngakho konke lokhu ungayisa phambili indaba yakho.
Nquma ukuthi ubani ozoxoxa indaba
Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukunquma ukuthi ubani ozoxoxa indaba, lokhu akusahambisani nesakhiwo kodwa kunalokho okuqukethwe ngaphakathi kwefomu, ukucacisa ukuthi ubani ozoxoxa indaba ukunquma ukuthi izoba ngeyokuqala, yesibili. noma umuntu wesithathu noma eholwa yinhlanganisela yanoma yikuphi kwalokhu kanye nakho konke okuthathu.
Umuntu wokuqala: kukhulunywa ngaye uqobo kanti lowo oxoxa indaba ungomunye wabalingisi abangaphakathi kuyo kodwa lo mxoxi angasho lokho akwaziyo ngokombono wakhe njengomlingiswa.
Umuntu wesibili: lapha ukhuluma futhi kuleli zwi lokulandisa umfundi ungumlingiswa endabeni, isibonelo sokulandisa kumuntu wesibili kungaba yilowo UJulio Cortazar endabeni yakhe Incwadi eya kowesifazane waseParis lapho ebhekisela kuye njengokungathi wayembhalela enethemba lokuthi uzobuyela eBuenos Aires ngo-September; nokho, lena engase ibe uhlamvu nje ixutshwe nenganekwane futhi idala indaba.
Umuntu wesithathu: njengoba nje nasemisebenzini yezemfundo sibhekisa kumlandisi ukude sengathi sikhuluma naye kanye nalomxoxi okhona yonke indawo nowazi konke, nakuba engaphandle kwendaba yokuthi uNkulunkulu uyakwazi okwenzekayo kuze kube manje. kanye nemicabango yabalingiswa.
Leli elinye lamathuluzi abalulekile okumelwe liphathwe lapho kufundwa indlela yokuxoxa indaba, kodwa, ukuze siwasebenzise kahle, kufanele sicace, njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, ukuthi ababalisi bomuntu wokuqala banesimo, lokhu kusho ukuthi bazi kuphela. abakubonayo.bona noma abakutshela khona. Ukwazi imininingwane ngayinye yomxoxi ngamunye, kude nokuba nomkhawulo, kuyithuba lokwazi ukuthi ungayixuba kanjani.
Ungase uqale futhi uphethe ngezwi lomuntu wesithathu kodwa udale isixhumanisi esiqondile nomfundi ukuze umbandakanye ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa futhi ngaleyo ndlela uphathe izwi lomuntu wesibili noma esikhundleni salokho unikeze umbhobho komunye wabalingiswa noma umlingiswa oyinhloko, ukungena engqondweni yakhe ngamazwi.
Amathuba awapheli futhi angahlanganiswa ngezindlela ezingamakhulu nezinkulungwane.Isibonelo salesi sakhiwo esixubile Rashomon de Akutagawa Ryūnosuke indaba yakhe kamuva yenziwa ifilimu ngu Akira Kurosawa, njengezindaba eziningi eziphumelelayo nezifezwe kahle, kuye kwenzeka ukuthi besuka ezitolo zezincwadi baye emabhodini.
hlela imicabango yakho
Uma konke lokhu ukuhlele engqondweni yakho noma ephepheni futhi usuvele unomuzwa wokuthi uyabazi abalingisi, kufanele ubeke umugqa wesikhathi ukugwema amaphutha ngokweminyaka, iminyaka kanye nezikhathi. Khumbula, futhi, ukuthi uma uzobhala ngesikhathi esithile somlando, kufanele ugxilise kahle ukuthi iqiniso lalinjani ngaleyo minyaka, isibonelo, uma indaba yakho yenzeka ngeminyaka yama-80s, kufanele wazi ukuthi impilo yayinjani. Emuva lapho.
Ukwengeza, ukungabuchazi ngokucacile ubukhulu besikhashana bendaba yakho nakho kungaholela ekungeneni ekungaqondakalini ukuze ufunde indlela yokwenza indaba, kufanele wazi ukuthi nakuba inoveli ingenzeka phakathi nezinkulungwane zeminyaka, indaba inesehlo esikhulu esingaba khona. kwenzeka ngesikhathi esifushane.Kungaba izinsuku noma imizuzu.
Lowo ngumehluko phakathi kwenoveli engaba neziqephu zesibili, izimo eziningi, njll. kuyilapho indaba inesakhiwo kuphela, abalingiswa ababili noma abathathu kanye nesizinda.
Khumbula ukuthi ukuhleleka komugqa kwendaba yakho kufanele kuhlanganise okungenani isingeniso, isigameko sokuvula, isenzo esikhuphukayo, uvuthondaba, isenzo esiwayo, nesinqumo. Okufanele ubhale kuso ngohlelo ukuthi kuzokwenzekani esigabeni ngasinye futhi ngale ndlela ungakwazi ukugxila ekubhaleni indaba futhi uthuthuke kalula uma kudingeka izinguquko, okuzokusiza ugcine isigqi sendaba futhi udale noma uqinise umkhuba wokubhala.
qala ukuthayipha
Esikhundleni sezinyathelo, singakunikeza imibuzo, isibonelo: Indaba yakho yenzeka kuphi futhi nini?Sinjani isimo sezulu?Ingabe indaba engelona iqiniso noma engokoqobo?Lezi yizici zendaba, ezakha isisekelo? yalokho okuzofika kamuva futhi okuzovusa eminye imibuzo enjengokuthi: Bangobani abalingisi? Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ukwazi konke lokhu kufanele ubazi kahle futhi wazi ukuthi yini ukungqubuzana?
Uma konke lokhu sekusingathwe, imibhalo yezindaba eziqala ukuvela ingaba ehlanzekile kakhulu futhi ibe manzi, ababhali abaningi asebekhulile abasilandeli lesi sakhiwo, kunalokho bazinikela ohlelweni lokubhala njengelokubhala kabusha njengoba kuphakama umqondo ngamunye. . , umlingiswa ngamunye, isilungiselelo kanye nokusonta noma isimo, kodwa, njengoba ukuzijwayeza kwenza kuphelele, uma siqala kuhle ukulandela lezi zinyathelo noma siphendule le mibuzo ngokwethu.
Kubalulekile ukuthi kuqalwe ngesitayela kwazise ikhasi lokuqala yilona elizobonwa abafundi, lifana nalokhu okushiwo abalingisi, uma ungabathumbi ngemizuzwana yokuqala, ukulithwebula kamuva kuba nzima kakhulu, yingakho ngisho nasemushweni wokuqala ungakwazi futhi cishe lokho kufanele uxhumeke futhi wenze umfundi afune ukwazi okwengeziwe.
Qhubeka ubhala
Ezinye zezeluleko esingakunikeza zona uma usivumela ukuthi ubhekane nokukhungatheka ukuthi unike isikhathi esincane usuku nosuku ukubhala, noma ngabe kuyikhasi lansuku zonke, ngoba noma ungawuthandanga umphumela ngalolo suku. futhi wawulahla, wamtshela ingqondo yakho ukuthi uqhubekile nokucabanga ngendaba futhi lokhu kuzokunika izimpendulo nemibono kamuva uma uyiqeqesha.
Uma ungatholi kubuyiselwa okunomsoco okuvela komongo wakho wezenhlalo mayelana nokufundwa kwemisebenzi yakho uma kuziwa ekwabelaneni ukuze ubone ukuthi yamukelwa kanjani, sikumema ukuthi ucabange ngokubamba iqhaza emaqenjini okubhala, ngoba lapho uzokwazi ukuhlangana nabantu abakubude obufanayo futhi bakubonise imibono obukade ungawazi ngaphambili.
Kukhona ngisho nazo zonke izinhlobo zemiqhudelwano efana neNyanga Kazwelonke Yokubhala Inoveli egujwa e-United States kusukela ngoNovemba 1 kuya ku-30, e-Bahia, eSan Francisco. Kulo mcimbi, ababambiqhaza babhala inoveli eyodwa okungenani yamagama angama-50.000 ngenhloso yabo yokubhala.
Vumela umlando uzibhale wona
Kunjalo-ke naphezu kwakho konke ukuphikisa kanye nesakhiwo, obhalayo akayeke indaba izibhale, umbhali useshilo ukuthi uma ungabhali esigcawini sokugcina sephepha unwaya indawo yokugcina etholakala ekhasini. , khona-ke kungcono ungabhali Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi njengoba amakhono okubhala ethuthuka, imibono ingageleza kakhulu futhi ifinyelele kulowo mqondo wokugeleza.
Kodwa ngalesi sipho noma ithalente elifanayo elithuthukisiwe, kungenzeka futhi ukulalela umsebenzi futhi ube uhlobo lokufakaza kokuhlangenwe nakho kwabalingiswa. Lokhu kungavumela umbhali ukuthi azicabange njengomuntu okopisha incwadi ebhaliwe, kodwa ukubizela kuvela ngaphakathi lapho esezibekile isisekelo nesakhiwo salokho ayakhayo, ngisho noma esekwenze lokho engazi noma engenawo amaphepha amaningi. .
Hlela indaba
Embhalweni ngamunye esiwubhalayo, kuyadingeka ukuthi sifunde okwesibili, ikakhulukazi uma sinolwazi lokubhala ngobuciko ngoba, ngokuthanda komcabango, ukungqubuzana okuthile noma amaphutha encazelo angavela okuthi kamuva avimbe ukufundwa. , yingakho kufanele siye esifundweni sesibili, sifunde njengomuntu ohambela usuku ukuze aqede imiphetho enzima.
Buyekeza futhi uhlele, uye ekuqaleni futhi uye ekugcineni futhi ulungisa amaphutha anengqondo, emishini kanye ne-semantic, umqondo uwukuqinisekisa ukuthi konke kugeleza ngendlela efanele, ukuthi abalingiswa nezinkinga zabo bethulwa futhi baxazululwe kahle, uma unesikhathi ungazivumela ngisho nezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuthi uphumuze ingqondo yakho futhi ubuyele embhalweni ngombono wokhozi kuyithiphu elihle okufanele ulikhumbule lapho ufunda indlela yokubhala indaba.
Ukuze uthuthukise inqubo yokuhlela ungathumela indaba yakho kubangani bakho nomndeni wakho ngisho nakubantu embuthanweni wababhali uma ujoyina oyedwa, ubanike isikhathi sokuyifunda futhi ucabangele lokho ababuyekezi bakho abakutshela kona kodwa hhayi kuphela lokho othanda ukukuzwa. nakho okunzima kodwa ungaphikisani nabo vele unake iziphakamiso ezibonakala zifanelekile kuwe futhi uphinde ugxeke iziphakamiso uqobo ngoba akuzona zonke ezinhle kakhulu.
Ungaphuma kanjani emathangeni okudala?
Siyazi, njengoba sike sasho ngaphambili, ukuthi inqubo yokwahlukaniselwa kombhali ingaba nzima ngoba, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele azitholele olwabo ulimi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, lolo limi lungase lungamukelwa kahle ngokuphelele ngabashicileli. Lena, ngaphandle kokungabaza, indlela “enokuningi “nokungamukeleki” okuningi. Kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungaphelelwa yinhliziyo, wethembe izwi lakho kanye nenjabulo noma impumuzo okushiwo ukubhala kumbhali.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhumbula ukuthi izimo zengqondo noma isimo sengqondo esivumayo emsebenzini, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane, siyashintshashintsha ngoba asiyona imishini futhi asikwazi ukuzihlelela ukucacisa imikhiqizo ehlakaniphile neyomzwelo kalula lapho umshini osebenza khona ngemva kokushicilela. izinkinobho ezithile. Kufanele sibe nenhlonipho futhi sihlakaniphe ngemizwa yethu ukuze sithole okungcono kakhulu kuzo njengoba kwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Cishe singawahlukanisa ahlanganisa ubulili obubili kube izinhlobo ezimbili zamazinga wamandla: izinga eliphezulu kanye nezinga eliphansi. Siyazi ukuthi uma sigcwele amandla sifuna ukudala, ukwabelana, ukujabulela nokunye lapho siphansi ngaleso sikhathi sifuna ukuzivikela futhi sizigodle, ngoba izifunda zamandla aphansi zilungele ukufuna ugqozi, zisigcina sisebenzisa ulwazi oluhle. ngisho nokubhala futhi ubhale kabusha.
Ngokwengxenye yalo, eziqongweni eziphakeme zamandla, njengoba sifuna ukwenza imisebenzi eminingi, yisikhathi esihle sokuhlanganyela umsebenzi obhaliwe nabangane noma abantu abaseduze noma ngisho nabashicileli ngokwabo futhi ngaleyo ndlela silungiselele kangcono futhi sizimisele nakakhulu lapho izimpendulo ziyafika.
Elinye lamathiphu ozowathola kulezi zinhlobo zezingosi, kwamanye amaningi nasezindaweni eziningi ezahlukene ukufunda. Ungayeki ukufunda, njengoba nje akufanele uyeke ukubhala, futhi uzijwayeze ukufunda ngoba ngalowo mkhuba uzokwazi ukujabulela futhi uhambe kude ngendlela ofike ngayo kuleli qophelo lokuphenya ukuthi ibhalwa kanjani indaba ngokufunda okuhle.
https://youtu.be/G_Slr_-mO_w
Bese sikucela kuphela ukuthi ufunde! ngoba lokho kuzokusiza kakhulu ekubhaleni izindaba ezimnandi futhi kulezo zifundo unake isitayela sombhali nokuthi usizakala kanjani ngombhalo. Ngalokhu, sikulethela uhlu lwezindaba ezinhle ezihlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi futhi esifuna ukukunikeza ngazo inhlobonhlobo yezinketho ezingadonsa ukunaka kwakho:
- Ibhalwe ngu-Isaac Asimov, «Mina, Robot«
- Ibhalwe nguJerzy Kosinsky "Izinyathelo"
- Ibhalwe ngu-Andy StantonInkosi enamathelayo kanye namakristalu amandla»okunconyelwa kakhulu izingane.
- ngu-Annie Proulx «Imfihlo entabeni",
- Kuvela kuJulio Cortázar "Ukuqhubeka kwamapaki"
- Kusuka ku-Philip K. Dick «Ingabe i-androids iphupha ngezimvu zikagesi?«
Kulolu khetho, ukutholakala kwababhali abavela ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene kanye nezikhathi zomlando kuyagqama ababekwazi ukubuka nokuhumusha lokho okwakubazungezile, baphakathi kwalabo ababecabanga ngezimpilo zabo futhi abazange bachithe bodwa bebhajwe ebhamuza, isibonelo. , umbhali wokugcina ngomsebenzi wakhe ugqugquzele ukukhiqizwa kwamafilimu ezinganekwane zesayensi yesimo se Blade Runner nezinye ezisezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu.
Sithembe ithalente nesiphiwo onaso sokubhala, khumbula ukuthi ukungqubuzana kuyadingeka njalo emlandweni nasempilweni imbala; Ungakhohlwa ukuphinda ufunde futhi uma ukuthandile lokhu okuqukethwe, qhubeka ufunda nathi mayelana nendlela yokwehlisa umoya lapho usebunzimeni noma ungafuni ukusebenza, kunjani ukwazi? kuyini zindla?