Ama-kangaroo aziwa njengalawo ma-marsupial ase-Australia avamile anemilenze yangemuva emikhulu nenamandla futhi ngaphezu kwanoma yini ngenxa yokugxuma okumangalisayo avame ukuwenza. Esinye isici esiyingqayizivele sekhangaru yisikhwama insikazi okufanele ithwale ithole layo elikhulayo. Yazi kulokhu kufunda ezinye izici zalolu hlobo olunelukuluku noluyinqaba.
Ikhangaru
Ikhangaru isilwane esincelisayo se-marsupial order, (gen. Macropus), esinezitho zangemuva eziqinile futhi esilungele ukugxuma. Esakhiweni sayo i-marsupio (isikhwama lapho amaphuphu ayo ekhula khona) ivikela amantshontsho ayo izinyanga ezimbalwa aze afinyelele isimo sabantu abadala. Idla uhlaza kuphela futhi idabuka e-Australia.
Igama elithi kangaroo liyihlelo elivame ukusetshenziswa ukubhekisela ezinhlotsheni ezinkulu zomndeni omncane iMacropodinae, njengoba nje igama elithi wallaby lisetshenziselwa ukubiza ezincane. Ibuye isetshenziswe, ngezinye izikhathi, ngomqondo obanzi noma omkhulu, ukubhekisela cishe kuwo wonke amalungu omndeni we-macropod.
Kodwa-ke, leli gama alibhekiseli ekuhlukaniseni okuqinile kwesayensi, ngakho izinhlobo eziyingxenye yohlobo olufanayo (iqembu lezinhlobo ezihlobene eduze) zingabizwa ngokuthi i-kangaroo, i-wallaby noma i-wallaby, okuncike kuphela ngobukhulu bazo. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Macropus parma yaziwa ngokuthi i-Parma wallaby, kuyilapho i-Macropus antilopinus ibizwa ngokuhlukile ngokuthi i-antelope kangaroo noma i-antelope wallaby.
Umsuka wegama
Igama elithi kangaroo livela ku-"gangurru", igama le-Guugu Yimithirr (abomdabu base-Australia), lapho babhekisela khona kukhangaru empunga. Leli gama labhalwa okokuqala (enguqulweni yalo yesiNgisi ethi "kangaroo") ngumgijimi uJames Cook ngo-August 4, 1770.
Inganekwane esakazekile iqinisekisa ukuthi igama elithi ikhangaru laliyovela lapho abantu baseNtshonalanga bebuza ukuthi leso silwane sasibizwa ngokuthini futhi ngaleyo ndlela bethi “Kan Ghu Ru” okwaphendulwa abomdabu. Ngokwendaba, lokhu kwakungasho igama lesilwane, kodwa kunalokho babefuna ukuthi «angimqondi. Le nganekwane ayinawo umthombo othile, njengoba imvelaphi yaleli gama ibhalwe ngokufanelekile.
Izinhlobonhlobo zeKangaroo
Umndeni omncane we-Macropodinae uhlanganisa, ngaphezu kwezinhlobo zama-kangaroo, ama-wallabies nama-wallaroos, amanye avame ukubizwa ngawo ngokuthi ama-kangaroo esihlahla, ama-koocas, ama-dorcopsis nama-pademelon. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-kangaroo, futhi ezine kuzo zibuyekezwa lapha:
- I-Red Kangaroo (Macropus rufus), lena enkulu kunazo zonke kuma- kangaroo futhi iwuhlobo olukhulu kunazo zonke lwama- marsupial olusaphila. Amakhangaru abomvu atholakala endaweni eyomile emaphakathi ne-semi-aid yase-Australia. Owesilisa ekukhuleni kwakhe angafinyelela amamitha angu-1,5 ubude, amamitha angu-3 ubude nesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-135.
- I-Eastern Gray Kangaroo (Macropus giganteus), ayaziwa kakhulu kunekhangaru ebomvu, kodwa ivame ukubonwa, njengoba indawo yayo ihlanganisa indawo esempumalanga ye-Australia evundile.
- I-Western Gray Kangaroo (Macropus fuliginosus), incane ngosayizi futhi iseningizimu yeNtshonalanga Australia, eningizimu ye-Australia eduze nogu kanye nasesigodini soMfula iDarling.
- I-Antilopine Kangaroo (Macropus antilopinus) ngokuyisisekelo iyindawo ekude esenyakatho ye-kangaroo empunga esempumalanga nesentshonalanga. Njengabo nje, iyisilwane sasemathafeni, emahlathini futhi singabantu.
Ama-kangaroo atholakala ngokuyinhloko e-Oceania, aziwa kakhulu njengesilwane esivamile e-Australia.
Incazelo yeKangaroo
Amakhangaru anemilenze yangemuva emikhulu futhi enamandla, izinyawo ezinkulu ezilungele ukugxuma, umsila omude nonemisipha ukuze agcine ibhalansi kanye nekhanda elincane. Izindlebe zabo ezibanzi ziyakwazi ukuzimela, okungukuthi, zingakhomba izindlela ezahlukene ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ezinsikazi zinezikhwama ze-marsupial zokukhosela futhi zivikele amaphuphu azo anesizotha. Ukuphila kwakhe iminyaka engaba ngu-18.
Ama-kangaroo adla utshani ngokuphelele, njengoba ukudla kwawo kunotshani nezimpande. Zonke izinhlobo zawo ziyasebenza ebusuku nakusihlwa njengoba ngokuvamile zichitha usuku zizolile ukuze zidle ntambama nobusuku obubandayo, ngokuvamile ngamaqembu. Amakhangaru angafinyelela ubude obungamamitha angu-3 futhi umsila wawo usebenza njengokusekela, ibhalansi ngisho nanjengomkhawulo wesithathu ophansi.
Ukondla Ikhangaru
Amakhambi ahlukahlukene, izitshalo ezincane, amaqabunga, izimbali, ama-fern, ubulembu nezithelo ezihlukahlukene yizona zinto eziyinhloko zokudla kwazo. Ngalokhu kuyacaca ukuthi bayizilwane ezidla uhlaza. Bakhetha ukufuna ukudla kwabo ngamaqembu ekupheleni kwentambama nasebusuku, bakwazi ukuchitha isikhathi eside ngaphandle kwamanzi..
Ukuziphatha kweKangaroo
Amaqembu abo makhulu, njengoba angahlanganisa ama-specimens angama-30 kuya kwangu-50 asabalele endaweni evulekile. Uma kubonakala noma yiluphi uphawu lwengozi, bayahamba njengoba beyizinhlobo ezinamahloni, kodwa uma sekuyisikhathi sokubhekana nanoma yikuphi usongo, baba nobudlova futhi basebenzise isipikili esigobile nesibukhali kakhulu esitholakala emilenzeni yabo yangemuva, abangalimaza ngayo kanzima inyamazane, ehambisana nokugxuma kwayo okungavamile ukuze iqalise ukukhahlela okunamandla.
Ukuqothula
Amakhangaru yiwona kuphela izilwane ezinkulu ezihamba ngokugxumagxuma. Benza ukugxuma okunjalo ngokunyakazisa imilenze yabo ngesikhathi esifanayo, okuhlanganisa indlela esheshayo neyongayo yokuhamba ngezinyawo, njengoba ngesivinini esikhulu zisebenzisa ingxenye encane yamandla ezizowadinga uma zinyakaza ngenye indlela.
Ngenxa yobude bezinyawo zazo, azikwazi ukuhamba kahle. Ukuze zihambe ngesivinini esiphansi, zisebenzisa imisila yazo njenge-tripod, ihlangene nemilenze yazo yangaphambili. Ngaleyo ndlela bangakwazi ukuhambisa izinyawo zabo isinyathelo esisodwa phambili.
Uma zigijima zihamba ngesivinini esisuka ku-20 kuye ku-25 km/h kanti uma zidinga ijubane ezindaweni ezimfishane zifinyelela ku-70 km/h, zigcine ijubane elingu-40 km/h okungenani amakhilomitha amabili. Angagxuma afinyelele kumamitha angu-9 ngesivinini esimangalisayo futhi naphezu kokuba abagxuma abakhulu, abakwazi ukugxuma baye emuva.
Ukukhiqiza Kangaroo
Umjikelezo wabo wokuzala uyahlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngezinhlobo. Ikhangaru elibomvu lizalanisa ithuba, njengoba libhanqa liphinde lizalane lapho izimo zonyaka zivuma ukuzalanisa. Amakhangaru ampunga azalela unyaka wonke, kodwa azala imidlwane eyengeziwe ezinyangeni zasehlobo njengoba ephuma esikhwameni ngesikhathi esifanele, intwasahlobo. Ezinye izinhlobo zinenkathi elinganiselwe yokuzalanisa.
Ezinhlotsheni eziningi, njenge-quoca, ukukhwelana kwenzeka ngemva kokubeletha (i-postpartum estrus); Kulezi zikhathi, kuvame ukukhiqizwa i-blastocyst ephumule, ekhula kamuva, lapho ingane yokuzalwa kwangaphambilini ishiya i-marsupium.
Ukuqomisana kweduna nensikazi kungathatha amahora ambalwa kuya ezinsukwini ezimbili noma ezintathu. Eyeduna ilandela ikhangaru yesifazane ekushiseni, ivame ukuhogela lapho kuvulwa isaka layo le-urogenital, ithinte umsila wayo omude ngesinye sezitho zayo ezingezansi.
Amancane, noma ama-wallabies, anyakaza emaceleni ngemisila yawo ngaphambi kokuba ahlanganiswe, akhiqize ukuchofoza okuheha intshisekelo yabesifazane. Ukukhwelana kungathatha imizuzu embalwa, noma ngokuphambene, endabeni yekhangaru empunga, kungathatha ihora noma ngaphezulu.
Ezinsukwini ezingaba ngu-28 kuya kwezingu-36 ngemva kokuhlangana, inzalo ifika emhlabeni ingakhulanga ngokugcwele, ingenabo uboya, inamehlo nezindlebe ezingasebenzi, futhi ingamasentimitha amathathu kuphela ngobukhulu. Endabeni yamakhangaru abomvu, isisindo sawo singamakhilogremu angaba ngu-27, amaphuphu awo afinyelela isisindo esingamamiligremu angu-800.
Noma nini lapho inkonyane lidedelwa, liya esikhwameni sikanina ngokuhambisa ikhanda lalo emaceleni njengoba likhasa esibelethweni, libe selifaka ibele emlonyeni walo, futhi isihloko salo siyanwebeka size sigcwale umgodi womlomo, wonke imizuzu embalwa. Lapho uyothola ukudla kwakho kwezinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili ezizayo. Njengoba selilungele ukuphuma, libuyela njalo esakeni ukuze lincele ezinye izinyanga eziyisithupha, lapho kuyobe selizelwe elinye ithole.
Ezimweni eziningi, kuzalwa inzalo eyodwa kuphela ngesikhathi, kodwa kubikwe ukuzalwa kwezingane ezimbili zekhangaru. Intsha ijwayele ukusondelana nonina ize ifinyelele ekuvuthweni kobulili.
Izinsongo zeKangaroo
Izilwane ezidla ezinye zemvelo zekhangaru zimbalwa. I-thylacine, eyake ibhekwa izazi ze-paleontology njengezinye zezilwane eziyingozi kakhulu ezidla ikhangaru, isinyamalele. Phakathi kwezinye izilwane ezidla ezinye ezilahlekile kubalwa ibhubesi le-marsupial, iMegalania kanye neWonambi. Nokho, njengoba kwafika abantu e-Australia eminyakeni engaba ngu-50.000 5.000 edlule futhi kwethulwa i-dingo eminyakeni engaba ngu-XNUMX XNUMX edlule, ama-kangaroo kuye kwadingeka ajwayelane nezimo.
Ukukhonkotha okulula kwenja kungashaqisa owesilisa omdala ukuthi abe nesiphithiphithi sasendle. Izinkozi nezinye izinyoni ezidla inyama ngokuvamile zidla izidumbu zekhangaru. Ama-Goanna nezinye izilwane ezihuquzelayo ezidlayo nazo ziyingozi ezigabeni ezincane kakhulu zamakhangaru lapho eminye imithombo yokudla inganele.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VVyOXm01R_I
Kanye nama-dingo namanye ama-canid, ukuhlanganiswa kwezilwane ezinjengezimpungushe namakati asendle nakho kuba usongo emaqenjini ekhangaru. Ama-kangaroo nama-wallabies ababhukudi ngezikhathi ezithile, ngokuvamile ababalekela emifudlaneni uma ithuba livela.
Lapho ingaphakathi emanzini, ikhangaru elikhulu lingasebenzisa imilenze yangaphambili ukuze libambe inyamazane edla ezinye ngaphansi kwamanzi futhi liminze. Elinye iqhinga lokuzivikela elibikwe ngofakazi ukubamba inja ngezitho zangaphambili bese iyikhahlela ngezitho zangemuva.
Ubudlelwano Nabantu
Amakhangaru amakhudlwana azivumelanise kangcono nezinguquko ezilethwa abantu endaweni yase-Australia, futhi nakuba abazala bawo abaningi abancane besengozini yokushabalala, baningi.
Awafuyiwe noma yikuphi, kodwa ukuzingela amakhangaru asendle kwakhula kakhulu ukuze athole inyama yawo, izikhumba zawo, imidlalo yawo, nokuvikela amadlelo ezimvu nezinkomo. Nakuba kunokuphikisana okuthile, ukuvunwa kwenyama yekhangaru kunezinzuzo eziningana endaweni ezungezile nempilo uma kuqhathaniswa nenyama yesintu.
I-kangaroo iwumfanekiso kazwelonke wase-Australia futhi uphawu lwayo lusetshenziswa ejazini lezikhali lase-Australia, ezinhlamvu zemali zayo ezimbalwa, kanye nezinhlangano ezithile ezaziwayo e-Australia, ikhangaru ibalulekile kuwo womabili isiko lase-Australia kanye nesithombe izwe, yingakho kunezinkomba eziningi zalezi zilwane emasikweni athandwayo.
Siphinde sincome lezi zinto:
- Izilwane ezincelisayo
- Izilwane zasogwadule
- Izici ze-Polar Bear