Lesi sihloko sikhombisa konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana ifu le-magellanic, qhubeka ufunda ukuze wazi izici ezibaluleke kakhulu zalo mthala omangalisayo. Ngezansi sizokukhombisa izici zayo ezivelele kakhulu, isakhiwo se-cosmic, i-morphology nokunye okuningi.
Liyini ifu leMagellan?
Ifu le-Magellan, noma elaziwa nangokuthi i-Magellan nebula, liwumthala onesici esingavamile, lokhu kubhekisela eqinisweni lokuthi libizwa ngokuthi i-dwarf galaxy, ngokungafani neminye imithala ekhona emkhathini wendawo yonke, incane kakhulu. ngisho nangaphezu kowethu, ngenxa yalesi sizathu kunqunywa njengomthala omncane.
historia
UJohn Herschel, uqashelwa ngokuba ngumuntu wokuqala emlandweni wefu leMagellan, owabona ngokucophelela lo mthala oyinqaba oqhele nge-163.000 light years away, futhi, ubonakala ngokuba sesimweni sesithathu semithala esondela ku-milky way. .
I-Said cloud etholakala eduze naseduze kwe-milky way, yayingaziwa ezikhathini zasendulo njengoba yayingabonakali ngokuphelele ngaphambi kwanoma yisiphi isikhathi noma umbono. Iqiniso eligcine lingaziwa, kodwa ubukhona balo ekugcineni lwembulwa ngokuhamba kweminyaka kanye nokuqaliswa kobuchwepheshe obusha.
Kusukela eningizimu ye-Arabia, ifu labonakala. Ukuze kamuva kwenziwe izifundo mayelana nokubukeka kwayo, izici zayo kanye ne-morphology, kukhulunywa ngokuba khona kwayo emqulwini obhalwe isazi sezinkanyezi okuthiwa u-Abd Al-Rahman Al Sifien. Owenza irekhodi lokuqala lezinga lezinkanyezi ekhuluma ngalo kumadokhumenti akhe.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezwekazini laseYurophu, uFernando de Magallanes nguyena ozinikeze ukunethezeka kokulubuka ngesikhathi enza uhambo olwalunomzila okhethekile, obheke endaweni ezungezile yomhlaba. Ngalokho wakwazi ukubona nokubona okokuqala okukhulu ifu le-magellanic. Ukuze kamuva inikezwe igama lohlobo olusemthethweni, kodwa okwamanje, ibizwa nangokuthi i-nebula encane.
Esikhathini esithile ngemva kokuba umthala uqanjwe, ubizwa futhi ubhalwe njengefu le-Magellan ukuze kuhlonishwe umuntu wokuqala owadalula futhi wachaza ukuba khona kwalo mthala ongavamile. I-Milky Way, njengawo wonke amagalaksi, inesakhiwo esikhulu, uma sisondela emthaleni onjenge-Milky Way sisuka kude, into yokuqala esizohlangana nayo kuyoba imithala emincane yasemadolobheni, izinto ezifana nefu le-Magellan, njengoba nathi sondela emthaleni, sizothola ukuhlakazeka okuyindilinga kwamaqoqo ezinkanyezi.
Ngayinye inezinkanyezi eziyizinkulungwane eziyikhulu kuya kwesigidi. Njengoba kulindelekile kulo lonke uhlelo lokuhlukanisa, eminye imithala ayithandeki futhi ayiwona mthala, kodwa ixubile, okuhlanganisa imithala emincane njengefu leMagellan.
Ifu le-Magellan laliyizindaba zomhlaba wonke, ngenxa yokuqhuma kwe-supernova ebizwa ngokuthi i-1987A eyaqhuma ngo-February 1987 efwini le-Magellan elacutshungulwa ngokujulile izazi zezinkanyezi ukuze zicabangele ukuziphatha kwenkanyezi, ukufunda ukusabela okungenzeka kanye nemiphumela. ezazizothuthukela ngesikhathi se-epicenter.
La ifu le-magellanic Wawubhekwa njengomthala owawuseduze kakhulu ne-Milky Way, okuyiqiniso kamuva okwacwaningwa ngokujulile, kwaze kwatholakala ngo-1994 ukutholakala komthala omncanyana ngokulinganayo onezici eziyizigaxa, owaqanjwa ngokuthi umthala iSagittarius. Okuthe kamuva ngonyaka wezi-2003 kwatholakala umthala omusha onegama elithi Can Mayor.
Ngakho-ke, i ifu le-magellanic yasuswa yabekwa endaweni yesithathu ohlwini lwemithala eseduze kakhulu ne-Milky Way, kucatshangelwa ukuthi yayithathwa njengeshesha kakhulu ngokwendawo yayo, kulokho okubhekwa namuhla njengenye yemithala eyaziwayo, kanye nomthala. Umthala we-Andromeda, kanye neSagittarius elliptical.
Izici ze-Magellan Cloud
Isici esiyinhloko se ifu le-magellanic, ilele esakhiweni sawo esiphelele esichazwa ngokuthi umthala omncane, okusho ukuthi lona, njengabanye abaningi, unqamula isikhunta, njengoba ungenayo izici ezimise okweqanda noma okusathandeka. I-morphology yayo isho ukuthi ososayensi bayifake ohlwini lwaleyo mithala enesimo esingavamile ngendlela engavamile.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi akuyona yonke imithala ekhona endaweni yonke equkethe izimo ezivamile ezifana ne-elliptical. Nakuba imithala eminingi inomklamo ozungezayo, eminye evame ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-dwarfs ivame ukuba nezimo ezithile ezibonakala njengemithala engavamile.
Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, umthala oyi-elliptical of Sagittarius watholakala esikhathini esithile kamuva, iqiniso elaholela ososayensi ukuba bahlole indawo ekuyo emkhathini ongaphandle lapho uhlala khona. Imiphumela yayimangaza, ithola ukuthi lokhu kanye ne ifu le-magellanic Zixhumene futhi zihlobene.
Ebangeni elingaba yiminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezingama-75 yokukhanya, umthala weSagittarius kanye ne-galaxy ifu le-magellanic ziqhelelene ngalelibanga. Ukuhlanekezela okwenzeka ngamandla alethwa amagagasi ngokusebenzisana ne-Milky Way kubangela ukuhlanekezela okuthinta imiphumela ethile ebangela ukuthi imithala yomibili ihlangane ngokusebenzisa imisinga ethile.
Le misinga yakhiwe i-hydrogen engathathi hlangothi, eyenza yomibili imithala ukuba ithuthukise umphumela wokusebenzisana ovame ukuletha izimo ezithile okugcina kulimaze izici zangaphandle ezihambisana ne-galactic disk.
Kokubili i- ifu le-magellanic, njengomthala we-Saturn, banezici ze-morphological ezizenza zihluke futhi zingavamile ngokwedlulele, mayelana nesisindo, kanye nesakhiwo abanaso, kwembulwa ukuthi ngaphambi kwalezi zingxenye ezimbili zesisindo, nesakhiwo, kunezici ezimbili ezizihlukanisayo. kusukela ku-Milky Way.
I-Las Izici zemithala Njengoba lezi zinamazinga aphezulu egesi, umkhiqizo owahlukanisa ngokushesha nomthala wethu, ngaphezu kwalokho, njengesici sokugqamisa, abanayo impahla yezinsimbi. Esinye isici okufanele sigqanyiswe ukuthi zenziwe nge-nebulae, ehambisana nokuba ne-congruence yezinkanyezi ezincane.
I-Las Izici zesayensi vumela lokho ngesayensi yezinkanyezi, uphenyo luthathe inkambo entsha, eveza ukuthi ifu le-Magellan ngokusho kochwepheshe kungenzeka ukuthi lavela ngokungqubuzana noma ukushaywa, okwakhipha umthala we-Andromeda, (umakhelwane wethu oseduze) nomunye umthala, obangele ukudutshulwa kwemfucumfucu. nezinhlayiya, kamuva ezagcina zisemthaleni wethu.
Ekugcineni, ukutholakala kwalo mthala ongavamile kumelela umphakathi wesayensi intuthuko enkulu ngokolwazi negalelo isayensi ngesayensi yezinkanyezi eye yanikeza umuntu ngenxa yokucwaninga okuqhubekayo angayeki ukuyikhiqiza.
Nakuba siye sazi ngokuba khona kwemithala iminyaka engaphezu kwesigamu sekhulu, asikakwazi ukuchaza ukuthi kungani ikhona. Nokho, ukuba khona kwawo endaweni yonke kushiya okuningi okungashiwo, kanye nezakhi zasemkhathini ezingapheli okufanele zifundwe.
Isisekelo solwazi lomuntu siyohlala siqhubekela phambili kakhulu, futhi nakuba kuze kube yilesi sikhathi sesimanje, abanye ososayensi baye benza iminikelo emikhulu eyayibaluleke kakhulu ukuze kugcwaliseke ukwaziswa okuye kwaba nakho mayelana nesakhiwo somkhathi, noma kunjalo. ngeke kwanele.. Kunezinkulungwane zezinto isayensi yezinkanyezi engakakwazi ukuyiqinisekisa.
