Umehluko Phakathi Kwebhuloho ne-Viaduct

Kulesi sihloko esikulethela sona namuhla, sizokhuluma ngesihloko esingase sithakazelise abaningi benu futhi esizophinda sisuse noma yiluphi uhlobo lokungabaza oluvela kubantu abajwayelekile kanye nezingcweti zobunjiniyela, Sikhuluma ngomehluko phakathi kwebhuloho ne-viaduct.Ukhona kini owaziyo ukuthi ziyini?

Uma wazi noma yimuphi umehluko phakathi kwalezi zakhiwo ezimbili, kodwa uzwa ilukuluku lokufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngale ncwadi, siyakuqinisekisa ukuthi uzothola ukwaziswa okuwusizo kakhulu ngale ndaba. Konke sizokuchaza ngendlela elula, okungukuthi, ukuze wonke umuntu akuqonde.

Ngaphezu kokusho umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwebhuloho ne-viaduct, Sizophinde sichaze ukuthi ngayinye yalezi zakhiwo ezimbili iqukethe ini futhi sizothola ukuthi yimaphi amabhuloho nama-viaducts abaluleke kakhulu endaweni yaseSpain.. Manje njengoba ihlobo namaholide, isithakazelo sakho singase sivuswe futhi uzizwe ufisa ukubavakashela.

Ibhuloho: kuyini nezinto zokwakha

Kuwukwakhiwa okwenziwa abantu phezu kokucindezeleka ukuze bakhulume iphuzu elilodwa nelinye. Uma sibhekisela endaweni edangele, sisho indawo enokujula, i-concave, noma lapho kukhona inqwaba yamanzi njengemifula, amachibi, ulwandle, njll.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko wamabhuloho ngu vumela ukuhamba kwabantu noma izimpahla, kungaba ngezinyawo noma kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwemoto. Kunamabhuloho abahamba ngezinyawo, noma amabhuloho anokufinyelela ezimotweni noma ezitimeleni uma efakwe isimo sawo.

Kuye ngokuthi izosetshenziswa kanjani, zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezahlukene ezifana aqueduct, lapho isetshenziselwa ukuthutha amanzi, viaduct, esizobona kamuva noma ama-catwalks, okuyilezo ezihloselwe ukuhamba ngezinyawo.

Ukuphepha kubalulekile kulolu hlobo lokwakha, ngakho-ke ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo kumele kwenziwe ngochwepheshe kulo mkhakha. Lo mklamo kufanele usekelwe ekubalweni kwesakhiwo lapho kucatshangelwa izici ezihlukahlukene, njengezinto zokwakha.

Amabhuloho njengoba sisanda kubona, Zingenziwa ngezinto ezihlukahlukene futhi kuye ngokuthi unquma yini enye noma enye, ukwakhiwa kuzoba nezici ezithile.

• Uma bekhetha ukusebenzisa izinkuni, bangamabhuloho asheshayo ukwakha futhi anezindleko ezingabizi kangako.. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ngokuvamile azikwazi ukumelana kakhulu futhi zihlala isikhathi eside. Kuyinto ezwela kakhulu kuma-agent athile asemoyeni.
• Ibhuloho lamatshe liyamelana kakhulu futhi lihlala isikhathi eside., nakuba ukwakhiwa kwayo kakade kusikisela izindleko eziphakeme. Ayidingi ukunakekelwa okuningi futhi imelana kahle nezimo zezulu ezehlukene.
• Amabhuloho ensimbi yiwona aguquguquka kakhulu, njengoba avumela imiklamo eyingqayizivele. Ziyizakhiwo, ezenziwa ngokushesha, kodwa zihlanganisa izindleko eziphezulu. Okuthile okufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kanye nesimo sezulu noma amagesi athile aqala ukuhlushwa isenzo sokugqwala.
• Ekugcineni, amabhuloho kakhonkolo ayakha ngokushesha, amelana futhi ayathengeka emaphaketheni ezinkampani zokwakha. Zimelana kakhulu nesenzo sama-agent ahlukene asemoyeni.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zamabhuloho esingazithola?

Sesibonile ukuthi ibhuloho liyini kanye nezinto ezihlukene elingakhiwa ngazo. Manje, yi- isikhathi sokuthola amafomu lezi zakhiwo ezingawathatha kuye ngemizamo yezakhi zayo zokwakha.

• amabhuloho ensimbi: ngokuyinhloko zenziwe ngezinto ezivundlile ezisekelwe izinsika noma izisekelo. Izakhi ezime mpo, njengezinsika, zisekela amandla okucindezela. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izakhi ezivundlile, zivame ukuguquguquka ngenxa yesisindo ezisekelayo.
• amabhuloho ekhothamo: ziyizakhiwo ezakhiwe ingxenye egobile phezulu futhi encike ezintweni ezisekelayo noma ezinyakazayo. Singathola izakhiwo ezimbili ezihlukene kulolu hlobo lwamabhuloho. Kwesinye sazo, i-arch yiyona egcina umpheme webhuloho lapho izungeza khona, kanti kwenye iyafana lapho umpheme uncike khona ngosizo lwezisekelo.
• Amabhuloho alengayo: Kulesi simo, idokodo lebhuloho lilenga futhi lisekelwa ngosizo lwenani elikhulu lezinsimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izintambo ezimbili ezinkulu zaziboshelwe ezinhlangothini zombili zebhuloho.

I-Viaduct: iyini nokuthi yakhiwe kanjani

Igama elithi viaduct lihlukaniswe ngamagama amabili "nge" kanye "ne-duct". Eyokuqala isitshela ngomgwaqo, kanti eyesibili ikhuluma ngokwakhiwa. Ngakho-ke singasho ukuthi i-viaduct iwukwakhiwa okudalelwe ukujikeleza kwabantu kungaba ngezinyawo noma ngemoto.

Ngokuvamile, lolu hlobo lokwakha luvame ukuba nobukhulu obucatshangelwe ukuze bawele ikakhulukazi izimoto. futhi hhayi kakhulu ngabantu abahamba ngezinyawo. Ama-viaducts enziwa ukuze kuhlanganiswe izindawo ezimbili ezingazodwa efuna ukusindisa izigodi noma ezinye izinhlobo zezingozi zendawo.

Ama-viaducts aseRoma akhiwa ngezinto zamatshe namakhothamo, njengoba sibona emiseleni yamanzi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, konke lokhu kwavela futhi nakakhulu lapho kufika ujantshi, kangangokuthi izinkuni zaqala ukushintsha itshe ngenxa yezinkinga zezindleko, njengoba izinkuni zaziyizinto eziningi kakhulu.

Okwamanje, Izinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwama-viaducts ziwukhonkolo oqinisiwe nensimbi. Enye yezinselelo ezinkulu ezibangelwa yilolu hlobo lokwakha ukungabi bikho kokwesekwa noma ibanga okufanele lihlanganiswe.

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwebhuloho ne-viaduct

Uma sesichazile ukuthi igama ngalinye kulawa amabili ahlanganisani, abonakala afana kakhulu, sekuyisikhathi sokuthola ukuthi uyini umehluko wabo omkhulu futhi ngaleyo ndlela, ukwazi ukuhlukanisa isakhiwo esisodwa kwesinye.

Umehluko wokuqala yilokho amabhuloho avame ukwakhiwa phezu kwamanzi amakhulu noma izithiyo ezingakuvumeli ukudlula kuwo, ngakho banikeza isinyathelo phezu kwabo. Esinye isici okufanele sicatshangelwe sisemkhakheni wezomnotho, njengoba ibhuloho limelela ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu kunokwakhiwa kwe-viaduct.

Ama-Viaducts ngokuvamile amabhuloho ahlukene axhunywe komunye nomunye ngezakhiwo zebhuloho lama-arch.. Ngokuvamile zakhiwe phezu kwezakhi zemvelo noma zesakhiwo. Ngokungafani namabhuloho, ama-viaducts asekelwa ngamakhothamo enziwe ngokhonkolo oqinisiwe noma izinkulungwane zeminyaka edlule ngamatshe.

Ibhuloho kanye ne-viaduct kuyafana noma kuyefana ngokwesakhiwo, okungukuthi, sibhekisela ekwakhiweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwendlela yokwakha. Umehluko wabo omkhulu uhlobene nokwandiswa kwento ngayinye kanye nendawo lapho zakhiwe khona.

Ngamafuphi, zombili izakhiwo ziyi-longitudinal enendawo eyisicaba futhi ebushelelezi esetshenziswa njengendlela yokuthutha izimoto noma abantu. Ama-viaducts, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi angaba ngaphansi komhlaba noma emoyeni, lezi zakhiwo zizama ukumboza ibanga phakathi kwamaphoyinti amabili. Ibhuloho, ngakolunye uhlangothi, liwukwakhiwa kwebanga elifushane futhi linomsebenzi wokuhlanganisa amaphuzu amabili, kodwa hhayi lowo wezindawo zokugcina.

Amabhuloho nama-viaducts eSpain

Kulesi sigaba sokugcina esizithola sikuso, Sizokhuluma ngamabhuloho ahlukene nama-viaducts esingawathola kulo lonke ubude nobubanzi bendawo yaseSpain.. Ezinye zezakhiwo ozozibona ohlwini olulandelayo zikufanele ukuvakashelwa futhi ucabange ngobukhosi bazo.

Ibhuloho elisha - iMalaga

El Isikhumbuzo esibaluleke kakhulu seRonda futhi lokho, kunemvelaphi yakho ngonyaka we-1759.

Los Tilos Viaduct – La Palma

Ukwakhiwa ngobude obuphelele obungamamitha ayi-155, ewela umhosha futhi lapho kubonakala khona ukuthi azikho izisekelo eziphakathi nendawo.

Ibhuloho laseBiscay

Kuyibhuloho eliyingqayizivele, okuyinto ixhuma idolobha laseGetxo nePortugalete ukuwela umfula iNervión.

I-Montabliz Viaduct

Kulokhu, Lesi sakhiwo senzelwe ukusindisa ukwehla koMfula iBisueña, eningizimu ye-Santander. Ubude obuphelele bungamamitha angama-721 namamitha ayi-150 ukuphakama.

Ibhuloho laseRoma laseCangas de Onís - Asturias

Elinye lamabhuloho avakashelwe kakhulu futhi athathwe izithombe e-Asturias ngisho naseSpain. Ibhuloho eliwela umfula iSella ngomasipala wase-Asturian waseCangas de Onís.

I-Lindin Viaduct

Ngobude obungamamitha angama-757 nobude obufinyelela kumamitha ayi-103. Yakhelwe esigodini somfudlana i-Abidueiras.

I-Trian Bridge - Seville

Kunamabhuloho amaningana awela umfula iGuadalquivir edabula idolobha laseSeville, kodwa maningi Yilabo abathi akekho ofana nowaseTriana.

I-Erques Viaduct

Umfula i-Erques wawuhlukanise omasipala base-Adeje naseGuía de Isora, kule nto ngo-2015, i-Erque viaduct yakhiwe exhuma amaphuzu amabili ngokuqondile.

Njengoba sikwazile ukuthola, kunomehluko omncane phakathi kwalezi zakhiwo ezimbili, kodwa hhayi ngokwesakhiwo sazo njengoba kwenziwa uhlobo olufanayo lomsebenzi. Zombili lezi zakhiwo zisebenza ukuhlanganisa amabanga phakathi kwamaphoyinti amabili. Ayahluka ngobukhulu bawo.

Sithemba ukuthi lokhu okushicilelwe esikulethele kona namuhla kuzokuthakasela, ngaphezu kokuxazulula noma yikuphi ukungabaza mayelana nokuthi ngayinye yalezi zakhiwo iqukethe ini, kanye nokwehluka kwazo.