Le mpucuko yaseMesoamerica ibonakala ngokuba nesiko elithakazelisayo, inganekwane kanye nezimpawu, phakathi kwazo I-Mayan Jaguar. Kulo mcimbi Amandla Angokomoya, azochaza konke okuhlobene nalesi sihloko.
I-Mayan Jaguar
AmaMeya aziwa ngokuba nesiko nezinkolelo ezithize kakhulu. Eqinisweni, ibhekwa njengenye yempucuko ebaluleke kakhulu eMesoamerica. Banezinganekwane ezakhiwe onkulunkulu abahlukahlukene, kanye nezimpawu eziyisisekelo zenkolelo yabo. Enye yalezi zibalo ezivelele yiMayan Jaguar.
Njengamanje, izici eziningi zesiko labo zisasebenza, ngenxa yezindaba zamaMeya anamuhla. Nakuba kungekho ukunwebeka okukhulu kwemibhalo ekhuluma ngale mpucuko, izakhi zayo eziningi zitholakala ezindaweni lapho amaMayya ayetholakala khona. Okungamazwe Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras nengxenye ye- Belize.
Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, kuye kwatholwa okusha okuhlobene nale mpucuko, ikakhulukazi maqondana nemithi yemvelo, i-gastronomy, ezolimo kanye nezimpawu. Isibonelo yi-Mayan Jaguar. Ngalesi siko, i-feline yathola igama lika-Balaam noma u-Chaac. Ngakho-ke igama elithi Kilamu lalihlobene neqembu labapristi ababegxile ekukhulumeni, ukubhula kanye neziprofetho.
Igama elithi Balam lalisho uJaguar futhi lifanekisela yonke into ehlobene nemfihlakalo kanye nemimoya. Eqinisweni, leli siko lalinezincwadi ezihlukahlukene ezibizwa ngokuthi i-Chilam Balam, ezazichaza izenzakalo zomlando ezibhalwe ngolimi lwamaMayan ngababhali abangaziwa phakathi nekhulu le-XNUMX nele-XNUMX. Lokhu kuye kwaba yingxenye yenkumbulo encane eyaziwa futhi ehlangene yale mpucuko.
Symbolism
Lesi sibalo simelela amandla empucuko enjalo evelele. Ngendlela efanayo, ukuba yingxenye yezimpawu ezingcwele ezibaluleke kakhulu zesiko labo, ngoba ukumelwa kwabo kwakuhlobene nezinto ezihlukahlukene ezivelele zomongo wemvelo kanye namandla angaphezu kwawemvelo.
Esinye isici esigqamayo kulo mfanekiso wukuthi babemhlonipha kakhulu ngenxa yamandla ayenawo nekhono elimangalisayo analo lokuzingela, ayaziwa ngalo ngele. nkosi yezilwane.
Ngale ndlela, i-Mayan Jaguar iwuphawu oluvelele lwamandla namandla kulo lonke isiko. Nokho, izici zayo ezivelele zihlotshaniswa nezinkolelo eziningi amalungu ale mpucuko ayenazo.
Kungakho babuye bawuhlobanisa nokulawulwa kwamandla e-cosmic, okwenzeka emini nasebusuku. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umsebenzi wawo wasungulwa ngesikhathi sokuphuma nokushona kwelanga. Okuphinde kwakhiqiza ukuthi kwakwaziwa njengophawu lobumnyama nokukhanya, ngaleyo ndlela kubonisa ubuhlobo ne-esoteric kanye nemfihlakalo.
Izici ze-Mayan Jaguar
Lesi sibalo sasibonakala ngokuba namachashaza afiphele esikhumbeni saso, esimelela izinkanyezi. Ngakho-ke, enanini elikhulu lamanxiwa ale mpucuko, atholakala eYucatan, kunezithombe ezihlukahlukene zale feline.
Kule mpucuko, wayewuphawu oluhlobene nezwe elingaphansi komhlaba, ngoba babekholelwa ukuthi ubusuku bonke, uNkulunkulu weLanga, waba noshintsho lapho ephenduka khona lesi silwane, ukuze ahambe ebumnyameni, emhlabeni wonke. efile.
Ngakho-ke, kubo, ilanga le-jaguar lalibusa ubusuku bonke nasemini. Ekupheleni kwentambama, wanikela ngobusuku ukuze alwe no-Xilbalbá, ummeleli we-underworld, ukuze amnqobe futhi ahambe futhi ngosuku olulandelayo.
I-Xibalbá, ihlanganisa impucuko yamaMayan, isihogo esiyingozi kanye nomhlaba ongaphansi komhlaba, lapho kwakubusa khona u-Hun-Camé noVucub Camé. Ngakho umgwaqo wawugcwele izingozi, ngaphandle kwalokho wawugcwele ameva futhi wawumqansa kakhulu. Kuyo kwakukhona nababizwa ngokuthi yiNkosi yaseXibalbá. Ukusuka lapho kuya kuMayan Jaguar, kwadingeka ukuthi alwe nawo wonke ukuze anqobe.
Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, i-Mayan Jaguar yayihlotshaniswa nokubonakaliswa okuhlukahlukene kanye nezimpawu zale mpucuko yaseMesoamerica, ikakhulukazi ezikhumbuzo eziningi ezivelele ezitholakala emadolobheni ahlukahlukene. Funda kabanzi mayelana ne- Amadolobha aseMeya.
Iningi lalezi zithombe ezinkulu zenziwe ngamatshe, empeleni kwatholakala nezithombe ezincane ezenziwe nge-jade.
Ngokufanayo, ukuba khona kokumelelwa kwalesi feline kubonakala, ekugqokeni okuhambisanayo kwalesi siko, futhi kuma-ceramics, izakhi ezenziwe ngensimbi futhi njengendikimba yokuhlobisa futhi evelele ekwakhiweni kwezakhi zayo eziningi eziyinhloko. Ngakho, wanikezwa indawo engcwele, njengoba ayehlobene nonkulunkulu onamandla amakhulu.
Izembatho
Kuleli siko, abantu ababegqoke izici zalesi silwane yibo ababenegunya futhi ababegqame kakhulu emphakathini. Abanye balaba kwakungamalunga abumba izicukuthwane zezempi, begqoke izikhumba zezilwane ezingutsheni zabo, ngoba kunenkolelo yokuthi ezimpini, amaqhawe alingisa ukubhonga kwezingwe. Lokhu ukuze kubangele ukwesaba nokuvela kubaphikisi babo.
Eqinisweni, labo ababenobudlelwane benganekwane nenkolo nenkabi babebeka izinzipho ezingutsheni zabo ukuze bashintshe izinyawo zabo, kuyilapho umzimba wabo wonke umbozwe isikhumba sesilwane, okwakufanekisela ubuholi.
Enye indlela i-feline eyayisetshenziswa ngayo njengophawu lwale mpucuko kwakuyizingubo ezazisetshenziswa amakhosi empini. Nasegcekeni izihlalo zobukhosi zazimbozwe ngesikhumba sesilwane.
Ijaguar yaseMayan yayihlonishwa futhi ihlonishwa ngale mpucuko kangangokuthi yayihlobene nonkulunkulu abaningi ababaluleke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, yayihlobene nezimpawu ezihlukahlukene zomongo futhi ikakhulukazi nemvelo.
Enye yalezi kwakuwukuthi babeyifanisa nayo I-Kinich Ahau. Okuyinto ohambweni lwayo ebusuku futhi emele umhlaba ongaphansi, yathola igama le unkulunkulu we-jaguar. Ngakho, amalungu aleli siko ayemelela umfanekiso walo nkulunkulu onezindlebe namazinyo enkabi abukhali kakhulu, enentshebe efanekisela imisebe yelanga.
Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu zale mpucuko ukubhula ngezinkanyezi. Babekholelwa ukuthi labo abazalwa ngaphansi Uphawu lwe-ocelotl, okwakuwuphawu lweshumi nane lwekhalenda lama-Aztec, laba nomthelela wamandla ale feline. Ngakho, abaningi bathi bazoba amaqhawe abalulekile.
Izinganekwane zaseMayan
Ziningi izinganekwane zamaMaya ezikhuluma ngale feline. Enye yazo ichaza ukuthi umvuthwandaba womhlaba uyoba ngaleso sikhathi lapho lezi zinyoni ziphuma endaweni engaphansi ukuze ziqede ilanga, inyanga ngisho nomkhathi. Ngaleyo ndlela kuvuleka ilanga elizomela isenzakalo sokugcina.
Nokho, enye yezinganekwane eziyinhloko zamaMaya ezihlobene nalesi silwane yileyo ebhekisela esikhathini lapho uNkulunkulu adala khona isintu esebenzisa udaka, ngoba ngaleso sikhathi i-jaguar yabona konke okwenzekayo.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kumaMayya, ukudalwa komuntu kwenzeka ngemva kokuba onkulunkulu benqume ukuthi kufanele basungule isintu ukuze babadumise. Ngakho kwaba nemizamo emithathu yokukufeza. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, onkulunkulu abahlukahlukene babekhona kule nqubo.
Emzamweni wokuqala bathola ngenxa yokuthi umuntu wadalwa ngodaka noma ngodaka, kodwa lena yancibilika ngoba yayithambile kakhulu. Emzamweni wesibili, sadalwa kusetshenziswa ukhuni, kodwa sasingenawo umphefumulo, okwakubalulekile ukuze sikhulekele onkulunkulu.
Ngakho-ke, ngokuzama futhi, basebenzisa ummbila futhi ngale ndlela bakwazi ukudala ngempumelelo isintu. Funda kabanzi mayelana Kukulcan, omunye wonkulunkulu abahlobene nokudalwa kwesintu.
Ngakho-ke, lapho sibuyela enganekwaneni, okukhulunywe ngayo ngenhla, lapho kwatholakala khona i-jaguar yaseMayan, ngesikhathi kudalwa umuntu lapho esebenzisa udaka, uNkulunkulu, engafuni ukuba kwaziwe lokho okwenziwayo, wayala inkazane engangiyithwele. amanzi enkomishini eyayinezimbobo, ngakho yayingekho indlela ayezogcwala ngayo.
Nokho, ixoxo lamchazela indlela yokuvala izimbobo ngodaka. Ngakho ngesikhathi ikati libuya, uNkulunkulu wayesedale amadoda ayishumi nantathu, izikhali eziyishumi nambili, futhi wayedala inja ngaleso sikhathi. Ngakho inkazana yamtshela ukuthi lesi silwane sasibukeka sithanda ukudla. UNkulunkulu waphendula ngokuthi lesi silwane kwakufanele sikhonze umuntu nesikhali senkomo ukuze zifunde ukuthi iyini inhlonipho.
Inyamazane, icabanga ukuthi iphakeme, yamtshela ukuthi inja nayo ibukeka imnandi, okwabangela ukuba uNkulunkulu enze le ndoda ilimaze emlenzeni ngesikhali. Kodwa inkazana yaqhubeka iveza umbono ofanayo ngenja. Lokhu kwadala ukuthi indoda iyalele inja ukuba ixoshe inkazana eyagibela esihlahleni ukuze ibaleke lapho.
Kodwa le ndoda yaphinde yamlimaza, okwenza i-jaguar yaseMayan yafunda ukuhlonipha nokushiya indoda yodwa. Omunye umbhalo ohlobene nokuba khona kwalesi silwane Popol Vuh, omunye wemibhalo eyinhloko yale mpucuko.
Kuyo kwachazwa ukuthi i-jaguar yiyona eyabhubhisa amadoda enziwe ngokhuni, yingakho kuthiwa ingumbhubhisi oyinhloko owawunamandla amakhulu okudala ukubhujiswa okungashabalala ngokuphelele isintu endaweni yonke.
I-Mayan Jaguar Namuhla
I-mayan jaguar ingenye yezilwane ezibaluleke kakhulu futhi ezituswa amalungu amaningi ale mpucuko, nakuba zisekhona izinhlobo zale feline. Njengamanje isengcupheni yokushabalala, ngakho kunezindawo ezihlukahlukene eRiviera Maya, naseziqiwini ezihlukahlukene zaseMesoamerica, lapho lezi zilwane zivikelekile khona.
Ngokufanayo, zisekhona emazweni angu-18, lapho zitholakala ezindaweni ezihlobene nokuvikelwa kwazo kanye nokulondolozwa kwezinhlobo zazo, ukuze zigweme ukunyamalala kwazo, ngoba nazo ziyi-feline yesithathu ngobukhulu emhlabeni. Uma ubunentshisekelo olwazini olukulesi sihloko, ungase futhi ube nentshisekelo yokwazi okwengeziwe mayelana umdlalo webhola we-mayan.