Itholakala kulo lonke elaseMedithera futhi isebenza njengesithako sokupheka noma amakhambi; i i-indian laurel Isihlahla esiye sajabulela ukwazisa okukhulu emlandweni. Okulandelayo, kulesi sihloko sizobhekana nakho konke mayelana nalesi sitshalo, kusukela ezicini zaso kanye nokusetshenziswa, endleleni yokulima, phakathi kwezinye izinto.
Iyini iLaurel yaseNdiya?
I-laurel evamile yayivele yaziwa kusukela eRoma Lasendulo. Ababusi baseRoma bazihlobisa ngomqhele owenziwe ngamagatsha ama-2 alesi sitshalo. Imele nayo umqondo wokunqoba, izibonakalisa ngaphezu kwakho konke emikhankasweni eyenziwa ngababusi.
Igama labo lesayensi yiLaurus nobilis. Lezi zihlahla zihlukaniswe zaba izinhlobo ezahlukene, phakathi kwazo kukhona i-Indian laurel. Eyaziwa nangokuthi iBenjamini noma i-Boxwood, kuthiwa isitshalo esivela eNingizimu naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, kanye naseNyakatho naseNingizimu Australia.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho i-laurel yaseNdiya noma i-Ficus microcarpa (igama layo lesayensi) iqala ukutshalwa eMelika, yayisiqala ukuba ne-boom enkulu eCosta Rica naseMexico, ithola igama elithi Amate.
Kunalokho, eNingizimu Melika babiza i-laurel yaseNdiya ngokuthi iMatapalo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, eBangkok, etholakala eThailand, lesi sitshalo senziwa njengesihlahla esisemthethweni saleso sifundazwe.
Kuyinto evamile ukubona i-laurel yaseNdiya njengengxenye yehlukile izinhlobo zezihlahla etholakala epaki, ngenkathi uhamba emigwaqweni nasezimotweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izikhathi eziningi ingabonakala emgwaqeni omkhulu ophakathi, kuhlanganise nesifundazwe sasePinar de Rio.
Kunezikhathi lapho ibonwa kanye nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, njenge-Ficus. Lesi sakamuva sibonakala ngokuphindaphindiwe emigwaqweni eyakhiwa kudala.
Izici ze-Laurel yaseNdiya
Isihlahla se-Indian Laurel singenye yohlobo lwe-dioecious, okungukuthi, olungase lwethulwe kokubili kobulili besilisa nabesifazane. Ngalo mqondo wehlukile ohlotsheni olubizwa ngokuthi i-aphrodite, lapho isitshalo esisodwa sinezitho zokuzala ezisebenzayo zobulili ngalunye.
I-Las amaqabunga esihlahla Zingaba zingapheli, zihlale zingavikelekile ezinguqukweni zezulu ezijwayelekile zezinkathi zonyaka ezihlukene.
Isilinganiso samaqabunga e-laurel yaseNdiya siphakathi kwamamitha angu-5 kuya kwangu-10 ukuphakama. Isiqu singaphenduka siqonde, amagxolo akhe ampunga futhi athweswe umqhele ogqamile futhi ojabulayo.
Umbala wamaqabunga esihlahla ubonakala ngombala waso oluhlaza, osakazwa ngendlela yokuthi ushintshane emagatsheni aso. Okunye okugqamayo yikhono layo elinuka kamnandi.
Ukwakheka kwamaqabunga awo kuvame ukuba yi-lanceolate, okungukuthi, njengokuphela komkhonto noma isihloko somkhonto. Nokho, kunezikhathi lapho ungabona khona ezinye ezinemiphetho yamagagasi.
I-Indian laurel ivamise ukuba namaqabunga aphakathi kuka-3 no-9 cm ubude, kanye ne-petiole yawo encane, eyihlanganisa nesitshalo sonke. Ku-beam ungabona umbala oluhlaza ocwebezelayo futhi umhlane wawo uhlukaniswa nokukhanya kwawo okuphansi.
Izikhukhula
Ku-laurel yaseNdiya kukhona ukuqhakaza okuhlelwe ngezambulela ezinyakazayo. Lezi zinezimbali ezingaphezulu noma ezi-4 noma ezi-6, ezinamacembe amane. Ngokuvamile, isikhathi sokuqhakaza kwesihlahla siqala phakathi kuka-March no-April, sibe nombala ovame ukuphuzi.
Njengoba i-laurel yaseNdiya iyisihlahla se-dioecious, izimbali zaso ziyizizukulwane ezihlukene. Amabala avamise ukuba nama-stamens aphakathi kuka-2 no-8 (izitho zokuzala), afinyelela kumamilimitha ama-3. Kufanele futhi kuqashelwe ukuthi inama-nectaries ama-2 aphikisanayo.
Izimbali zesifazane, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zihlukaniswa kwezabesilisa ngokuthi zivame ukuba phakathi kuka-2 no-4 wama-staminodes ahlanganiswe ndawonye kanye ne-ovary engaphansi.
Izithelo
Isithelo se-Indian Laurel simise okweqanda noma i-ovoid. Ihambisana nohlobo lwamajikijolo olulinganiselwa kumamilimitha angu-15 futhi i-sessile, okungukuthi, ayinaso isitho esingasekelwa ngaso. Lapho ikhula, iphinde iqale ukuthatha umbala omnyama ngamandla amakhulu.
Ngaphakathi kwesithelo kunembewu eyodwa kuphela ekala cishe amamilimitha ayi-9. Ukuvuthwa okufanayo izikhathi eziningi kwenzeka kuzo zonke izinkathi zasekwindla. Ngembewu yayo, i-laurel yaseNdiya isakazwa ukuze kube lula ukukhiqizwa kwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amajikijolo awo awukudla okuthandwa kakhulu yizinyoni.
Izilinganiso sezizonke
I-laurel yaseNdiya inomqhele ominyene kakhulu wobukhulu obukhulu, ofinyelela ku-20 m ukuphakama. Amaqabunga, ngezinye izikhathi athatha umbala omnyama uma kuqhathaniswa nohlaza lwawo olujwayelekile, anesimo se-ellipse futhi angenaboya, anobude obungamasentimitha angu-5 kuya kwangu-7.
Izakhiwo kanye nokusetshenziswa kweGastronomic ye-Laurel yaseNdiya
Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo eziningi ezihlukene, i-Ficus microcarpa ingenye yezinhlobo zayo izinhlobo ze-laurel ezidliwayo. Esicini esinjalo, isetshenziselwa ukukhonza njengohlobo lwesinongo sezitsha eziningi. Ngenxa yalokho, lesi sihlahla sithandwa kakhulu ku-gastronomy yomhlaba.
Kodwa-ke, i-laurel yaseNdiya isetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni ezahlukene zaseYurophu. Isibonelo esihle kakhulu salokhu ku-gastronomy yaseSpain, etholakala ezitsheni zayo ezimweni eziningi.
Njengoba kunikezwe ukunambitheka kwayo okunamandla okusebenziseka isinongo, kuyinto evamile ukubona ukuthi i-laurel yaseNdiya isetshenziswa ngesikhathi sesobho, izitshulu nezitshulu. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu sisetshenziswa kabanzi uma kuziwa ekunikezeni ukunambitheka okwengeziwe kwenyama, inhlanzi, i-shellfish nemifino ehlukahlukene ezohambisana nezitsha.
Amaqabunga e-Indian Laurel avame ukusetshenziswa egcwele, nakuba abuye asetshenziswe ngendlela ye-bouquet futhi ngokuvamile akhishwa lapho ukudla kunikezwa epuletini.
Ukuze uthole umnikelo ongcono kakhulu wephunga kanye ne-flavour enganikezwa yi-Indian laurel, ngokuvamile ithengiswa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Kulezi zethulo sinezinongo ezikhonjiwe, zichotshoziwe noma ziphelele.
Izakhiwo kanye Nokusetshenziswa Kwezokwelapha kwe-Laurel yaseNdiya
Ngaphandle kwendawo yokupheka, i-laurel yaseNdiya nayo isetshenziswa kabanzi kwezokwelapha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isebenza kahle kakhulu ngokumelene nokungahambi kahle kwesisu futhi isebenza ukulwa nokuntula ukudla, okuhlanganisa ukujabulisa uhlelo lokugaya ukudla.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inezici ezinhle ze-carminative, ezisiza ekunciphiseni amagesi akhiqizwa ekugayeni nezinye izici ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-cholagogue, asiza ukwenqaba i-bile egcinwe enyongweni.
Kusukela kumajikijolo akhiqizwa isihlahla, kungenzeka ukuthola uhlobo lwamafutha abalulekile, okuthiwa ibhotela le-laurel. Lawa mafutha avame ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza ukwelashwa ngokumelene nokuvuvukala kwamalunga kanye ne-pediculosis.
Uma kubhekwa izici ezishiwo ngenhla ze-Indian laurel, ucwaningo lwesayensi lwenziwe ngayo ukuze uyiqonde kangcono. Ngalo mqondo, inani elikhulu lochwepheshe bezempilo kanye nabanye besayensi yezitshalo baqinisekisa ukuthi lesi sihlahla singasetshenziswa emithini yemvelo. Inzuzo yalokhu isethubeni lokugwema amakhemikhali angaphezu kwamandla okungenzeka ukuthi alayishwe emakhambi.
Ngalokhu okungenhla, kugcizelelwa isidingo sokuvimbela mayelana nokugxila kanye namanani amakhemikhali angagwinya. Kungenzeka futhi ukugqamisa kulowo mqondo ofanayo, ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi umuthi ube yingozi kakhulu ohlelweni lomzimba wethu uma udliwe ngaphezu kwalokho okuhlakaniphile.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinkuni zesihlahla se-laurel ziziswa kakhulu ngenxa yamandla nobuhle bawo. Kungenxa yokuqina kwayo ukuthi isetshenziselwa izinhlobo ezahlukene zokusebenza, njengokwenza izisekelo zemishayo, kanye nama-palisades.
Ilinywa kanjani i-Indian Laurel?
Nakuba kuvamile ukubona i-laurel yaseNdiya ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene emigwaqweni nasemigwaqweni, empeleni kuyadingeka ukucabangela izici eziningana uma ufuna ukukhulisa isihlahla. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ezigabeni ezilandelayo sizobhekana nawo wonke amaphuzu okudingeka ukwazi ukuze ukwazi ukutshala nokukhulisa i-Ficus microcarpa ngendlela enempilo.
Ukuguquguquka Kwesimo Sezulu
Uma ufuna ukukhulisa noma yisiphi isitshalo, kubalulekile ukucabangela izimo zezulu ezikwazi ukumelana nazo. Ngale ndlela, kungenzeka ukulindela lezo zinkathi zonyaka ezingase zilimaze noma zizuze kuyo.
Nge-laurel yaseNdiya, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi iphila kangcono kunoma yisiphi isimo sezulu esifudumele, kanye nakulezo ezipholile. Nokho, kunzima ukuthi ikwazi ukumelana namakhaza. Yingakho kungcono ukuyivikela ebusika, ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ayifi.
Indawo
Isitshalo ngasinye singaba nomsebenzi othile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngezinjongo zokuhlobisa ukuthuthukisa ubuhle bezindawo zangaphakathi zendlu, njengamagumbi. Kuyenzeka futhi ukuzisebenzisa ukuze wenze izingadi zibe nobuhle futhi zibonakale, ukuze zichayeke esimweni sezulu esipholile nesiswakeme, kuqinisekiswe ukukhula nokuthuthuka okufanele.
Kudingekile ukuveza ukuthi uhlobo lwenhlabathi, ngalo mqondo, iphuzu elibalulekile. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi ithambekele kakhulu, kulula ukungaqhubeki nokusebenza ngokuphindaphinda okuningi.
ukuvundiswa
Umanyolo ubhekisela kulezo zinhlanganisela ezisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo namaminerali ajwayelekile enhlabathini, kodwa angalahleka ngenxa yezimo zezulu ezihlukene.
Endabeni ethile ye-laurel yaseNdiya, ukulinywa kwayo kufanele kwenziwe ngokuyikhokha uma kuyisikhathi sentwasahlobo. Ukuba nokwenzeka ukuwondla ngomanyolo owuketshezi noma oqinile uma uthanda, uthobela iziqondiso ezikhonjiswe esitsheni.
Inqubo yokunisela
Amanzi futhi angenye yalezo zakhi okufanele zicatshangelwe ukuze kuzuzwe imiphumela emihle ekutshalweni kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesitshalo. Ukuze i-laurel yaseNdiya kudingekile ukuveza ukuthi idinga, ngokukhula kwayo, hhayi ukuchelela okuphindaphindiwe kakhulu. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi sinamandla okumelana kakhulu nokomisa emhlabathini, ngoba isihlahla ngokwaso singavele sidlule futhi sigcine umswakama waso.
Uma kunqubo yokulima kuvezwa i-substrate eyomile kakhulu, iyancipha ekwindla yesitshalo; Kungcono ukugwema ukuqoqa ama-puddles ebhodweni lapho isihlahla siniselwa.
Inqubo Yokukhiqiza
Ngokuvamile, ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo kungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, kuye ngezinhlobo nohlobo. Esimweni esithile se-laurel yaseNdiya, kungenzeka ukuhluma ngokusebenzisa ukusikwa. Okusho ukuthi, ama-bumps noma amagatsha esihlahla, anekhono lokufeza inqubo ngokwawo.
Kungcono ukuthi ama-protuberances asikwe futhi alungiselelwe ngaphambilini ngesikhathi sasentwasahlobo. Ngalokhu, ungaqiniseka ukuthi inqubo yokuqothula izokwenziwa ngendlela efanele phakathi nezinyanga ezishisa kakhulu zasehlobo, okuyisikhathi esihle kakhulu sokuthi isihlahla siqale ukuzalwa.
Ama-protuberances isitshalo esiwahlinzekayo ukuze azalwe kufanele abe a umuthi we-laurel abavela eNdiya kakade sebevuthiwe, cishe iminyaka emithathu ubudala futhi bejabulela impilo engcono kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngokuphathelene namagatsha amancane kakhulu, kungenzeka kuphela ukuwasika cishe ngamasentimitha angu-15 ubude futhi uzama ukususa wonke amaqabunga asegatsheni. Lokhu kuzovumela ukuxhumana phakathi kwenhlabathi nobisi.
Ukukhula kanye nentuthuko
I-Indian laurel isihlahla esingakhuli kalula. Ukwandisa isivinini sokukhula kwaso, kunconywa ukuthi isitshalo sigcinwe ezimbizeni phakathi nesikhathi sokuqala sokuphila kwaso, ikakhulukazi kweyokuqala.
Ukuqhubeka ngale ndlela, uzokwazi ukusingatha izimo isihlahla esingaphansi kwazo. Uma kungenjalo, isitshalo singase sihlupheke kusenesikhathi ukuncintisana kwezakhamzimba namaminerali phakathi kwezinye izitshalo eziseduze kwaso noma isimo siwohloke sibe nzima ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zezulu ezihlukene zezinkathi zonyaka.
Ukunakekela Nokuziphilisa
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukukhula okuhle nokuthuthuka kwesitshalo, kunconywa ukuthi umswakama nokukhanya kunikezwe ebhodweni lapho kuhlelwa khona ukusika.
Uma lokhu okungenhla sekwenziwe futhi sekudlule izinsuku ezingaba ngu-15 kusukela ku-rooting, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi igcinwa inomswakama, kodwa uzama ukungayidluli. Kutuswa ukushiya lesi sitshalo sichayeke ngokuphelele ekukhanyeni kwelanga, ngoba lokhu kungalimaza amaqabunga aso.
Ezinkathini zasebusika, kungcono ukugcina isitshalo kude namazinga okushisa aphansi, ukuze usinakekele ekufeni okungenzeka.
Ukwenza ukuchelela ku-laurel yaseNdiya, kungcono ukuthi kwenziwe ngokulinganisela futhi uzame ukungenzi noma yimaphi ama-puddles. Uma ungenjalo, izimpande zesitshalo cishe zizobola. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, isihlahla singaniselwa ngezikhathi eziphansi lapho kufika izinkathi zokuwa nobusika.
Ngesikhathi sokufuna ukusebenzisa amaqabunga e-laurel yaseNdiya ngezinjongo zokuhlobisa noma ze-gastronomic, njengokuthuthukisa ukunambitheka nephunga lokudla, akudingekile ukuba kube nokuvimbela kulokhu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amaqabunga esitshalo angahlelwa unyaka wonke.