Laba bantu bomdabu basungula umbuso owanweba ithonya lawo lamasiko kulo lonke elaseMesoamerica, lapha ungafunda mayelana Izindawo zokuhlala e- Purépechas ngesikhathi sombuso wakhe omkhulu nobusayo inzalo yakhe namuhla.
Izindawo zokuhlala e- Purépechas
I-Purépecha ingabantu bomdabu okumanje abahlala ndawonye esifundazweni saseMexico iMichoacán, nokho-ke amanye amaqembu aye ezifundazweni ezingomakhelwane njenge-Colima, Jalisco, Guanajuato, Guerrero, State of Mexico, futhi aseshintshe indawo yawo yokuhlala eMexico City ngisho amanye amazwe anjenge-United States.
Indawo yamaPurépechas ihlanganisa indawo ecishe ibe amakhilomitha-skwele angu-6000 1600 futhi isenyakatho yenkaba yesifunda saseMichoacán, yakha iyunithi yokuhlangana okuhlobene lapho beye balondoloza khona amasiko abo futhi ikakhulukazi ulimi lwabo. Indawo yePurépechas itholakala phakathi kwamamitha angu-2600 kanye nezi-XNUMX ngaphezu kogu lolwandle futhi yaziwa ngokuthi i-P'urhépecha noma i-Purépecha, okusho ukuthi “indawo lapho kuhlala khona ama-P'urhé”.
Umlando wamaPurepechas
Isifunda sasePurépecha sakhiwa ngokuhlala kombuso waseTarascan cishe ngekhulu leshumi nanye lenkathi yethu. Umbono okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi okhokho bawo kwakungamaChichimeca afika evela enyakatho, ayengabazingeli namaqhawe, ahlanganyela nenani labantu ababevele behlala ogwini lwechibi, lezi zakhamuzi zazinolimi olufanayo. Kucatshangwa ukuthi kunobudlelwano obuthile namasiko aseNingizimu Melika ngenxa yolwazi lwawo ngensimbi, izindwangu zawo, ukuba khona kwezithixo zesifazane kanye nolimi lwabo.
Phakathi kwekhulu leshumi nanhlanu neshumi nesithupha, umbuso wePurépecha wawunokubaluleka okukhulu namandla amelana nokucindezela okunamandla kombuso waseMexica. Indawo yamaPurépechas phakathi nokuba khona kombuso wabo yayihlala engxenyeni eseningizimu yesifunda samanje saseGuanajuato, isifunda esikhulu sesifunda samanje saseMichoacán, ingxenye esenyakatho yesifunda samanje saseGuerrero esifinyelela eningizimu yesifunda saseMexico.
I-Purépechas yakha umbuso onamandla owanweba ithonya lawo kuso sonke isifunda saseMesoamerican futhi ukuze igcine lawo mandla yaba nokungqubuzana okukhulu nama-Aztec nama-Mexica. Lapho abaseSpain befika, inkosi yaseMichoacan uTangaxoan II, inkosi yamaPurépechas, ayizange imelane futhi isayine isivumelwano sokuthula ukuze kugcinwe ukuphila kwabantu bayo, nokho uMbusi uNuño de Guzmán waliphanga idolobha futhi wabhidliza amathempeli ukuze awaphuce. izinsimbi zabo eziyigugu.
Enganeliswanga ngalokhu, wasola iNkosi uTangaxoan II ngokubulala abantu baseSpain, ngokugcina isinyenyela inkolo yenkolo yakhe nokugqugquzela udlame, okwathi ngemva kwalokho yakhipha umyalo wokuba abulawe. Ngenxa yalokhu, amaPurépecha amaningi abalekela ezintabeni futhi kwaqubuka izingxabano ezinobudlova.
Umqhele waseSpain waqoka u-Don Vasco de Quiroga njengesivakashi, owasungula umyalo wamakoloni owagcina waba nesandla ekusindeni kwesiko lePurépecha. I-Purépechas yasungulwa "emadolobheni amaNdiya", lapho ayenegunya lokuzikhethela iziphathimandla zawo, lezi zaziphethe ukuphathwa kwezindawo, amanzi namahlathi.
AmaPurépechas kanye nemvelaphi yawo
Ngokuhlaziywa kolimi lwamaPurépechas kwatholakala ukuthi azihlobene nezinye izilimi ezikhulunywa ezweni noma kwezinye izifunda zaseMesoamerica futhi uma zinokufana nezilimi zase-Andean. Lesi yisizathu esiyinhloko esenza abanye ababhali babambelele ekutheni umsuka wamaPurépechas uvela eNingizimu Melika. Ezinye izizathu zalokhu kuqinisekiswa izinsalela ze-ceramic, umgodi wohlobo lokungcwaba kanye nezakhiwo ezisabalele zisuka ezwenikazi laseNingizimu Melika zifinyelela enkabeni yeMexico.
Baphinde bathi kuningi ukufana kwenkolo namasiko phakathi kwesiko lamaPurépecha nelabantu abathile baseningizimu. Ukufana kolimi lwePurépecha nolimi lwesiWari, okuyingxube yezilimi ezahlukene ezikhulunywa ogwini lwasePeru. Ulwazi lwakhe ngokusetshenziswa kwe-arsenical bronze eyayisetshenziswa kuphela amasiko asePeru. Ukuba khona kommbila onsomi ovela kuleso sifunda saseNingizimu Melika.
Imvelaphi yegama
Igama elithi purépecha libhekisela “kubantu abavamile”. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kabanzi kuhlotshaniswa nokunyamalala kwesigaba esiphezulu sabantu bomdabu baseTarascan, okudale ukuthi kuqale inqubo "yokungcolisa" (uCastillejas noCervera, 2005). Emibhalweni yekoloni igama elithi Purépecha alisetshenziswa kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye. Ngalesi sizathu, abanye bagcina ukuthi okulungile kakhulu ukusebenzisa igama elithi Tarascan kubantu abatholwe abaseSpain lapho befika.
Emadolobheni amaningi, abantu abadala bazibona bengamaTarasca futhi ulimi lwabo lwaziwa kanjalo. Ukusetshenziswa okusabalele kwe-Purépecha kuvela eminyakeni engaphezudlwana nje kwengamashumi amabili edlule njengobufakazi obuphikisana nesikhathi esedlule sokuzithoba, ukubuyiswa kwamakoloni nokuxhashazwa futhi hhayi ngokusobala njengomuntu ompofu wesigodi.
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