Kulesi sihloko sizokufundisa iyini inhlalakahle ethinta umphakathi. Uzothola ukuthi izinga lokuphila alincikile nje kuphela ezintweni ezibonakalayo umuntu anazo, kodwa ngokomthetho, empilweni engokomzwelo emvumela ukuba azise zonke izici zokuphila.
Iyini inhlalakahle ye-socio-affective?
Akunakuphikwa ukuthi abantu bayizidalwa zomphakathi. Ngenxa yalokhu, inhlalakahle yomuntu siqu ayizuzwa kuphela ngokuzizwa kahle ngaye; Futhi, kuyadingeka ukuba nendawo yenhlalo esingaxhumana nayo ngokugculisayo.
Nokho, ukuzuza lokhu kulinganisela phakathi kwemizwa yangaphakathi kanye nobudlelwano nendawo esihlala kuyo akusona isinqumo esilula. Ngokuvamile, indlela abantu abakhuliswa ngayo iyoba yisici esinqumayo ekuphenduleni inselele yokuzuza inhlalakahle eyanele ethinta umphakathi.
Inhlalakahle ethinta umphakathi yizici zebhayoloji, imizwa, ingqikithi nenhlalo ezisivumela ukuthi sibe nokuxhumana okwanelisayo nathi, indlela yethu yokuphila, yokucabanga kanye nendawo yenhlalo esizungezile. Ngamafuphi, ubuhlobo obufanele nathi kanye nabanye.
Lezi zici ezithinta izinga lempilo yethu yemizwa kanye nendlela esihlobana ngayo nabanye kunqunywa izingxenye ezithile. Ukuzethemba, indawo yenhlalo-mnotho, iphrofayili yemizwa, umlingiswa kanye nezidingo zomzwelo kuthonya isikhungo ukuze sithole inhlalakahle eyanele ehambisana nenhlalakahle.
Inhlalakahle ethinta umphakathi iyisimo esiyinkimbinkimbi lapho umphakathi udlala indima ebalulekile. Ngenxa yalokhu, udaba selube lukhathaza ukuphathwa kokuphathwa komphakathi, kwaze kwafika ezingeni lokuzibonakalisa njengelungelo eliyisisekelo lomuntu ngamunye lokuphila okunesithunzi nempilo.
Ngenxa yalokhu okungenhla, kungabhekwa ukuthi inhlalakahle ethinta umphakathi inezici ezimbili. Eyokuqala ihambisana nenhlalakahle yangaphakathi ye-socio-affective, enqunywe ukuzethemba, inhlalakahle yengqondo kanye nokugcwaliseka kwezidingo zabo ezithintekayo; okwesibili, inhlalakahle ethinta umphakathi yangaphandle, enqunywa indima umuntu ayidlalayo eqenjini elithile lenhlalo.
Uma ufisa ukugcwalisa ulwazi, sikumema ukuthi ufunde isihloko sethu ku amandla omlingiswa, lapho uzoba nencazelo yezakhi ezizokusiza ukuthi uziqinise.
Yiziphi izici ezinomthelela enhlalakahleni yethu yezenhlalo nenhlekele?
Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, indlela thina bazali esithinta ngayo izinga lethu lokuphila elingokomzwelo. Uma sibhekisela kulokhu, asigcini nje ngokubeka imingcele ukuze siqondise ukuxhumana nabazali bethu, kodwa nasezicini ezihlukahlukene nezimo esisebenzisana nazo ngesikhathi sokukhula kwethu. Okulandelayo, singabala ezivame kakhulu neziqondile:
Ukuhlukunyezwa kwabazali nendawo ezungezile
Phakathi nenqubo yokukhula ngokomzwelo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sobuntwana, ukuba khona kokuhlukunyezwa kungathuthukisa izici ezingokomzwelo ezingezinhle futhi kuvimbele lezo zokuzicabangela.
Ucwaningo oluningi luye lwathola ukuthi izingane zilingisa izimo zengqondo zabazali bazo futhi zibe amanxusa aphindaphindayo. Ukuba khona kokuhlukumeza ngokuvamile kudala ukuhlukumezeka kwengqondo okuzoholela ekuthuthukisweni kwabantu abahoxile, abancane noma abanodlame.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukuhlukunyezwa akuveli kubazali kuphela futhi ngokuvamile akukho ngokomzimba kuphela; kungase kube okungokomzwelo nokucasulwa amaqembu omphakathi lapho ingane kufanele ihlobane, njengezikole namaqembu ezemidlalo. Ubuxhwanguxhwangu yisibonelo esithembeke kakhulu sokuhlukumeza emphakathini.
Ukucwasa
Ukwengeza kulokhu okungenhla, ukucwaswa kwamaqembu omphakathi kuvame ukuba ngenye yezinto ezithonya inhlalakahle ethinta umphakathi. Ukwenqatshwa ngenxa yezizathu zokungezwani okuthile, kungaba iminyaka yobudala, uhlanga, ukukhetha ubulili, inkolo noma isimo somnotho, kudala ukuzithiya ekuthuthukisweni komuntu; ngenxa yalokho, ukungenzeki kokuthola inhlalakahle eyanele ethinta umphakathi.
Ingcindezi yomphakathi
Ukucindezela komphakathi kuvame ukuba nomthelela enhlalakahleni ethinta umphakathi, ngokuvamile entsheni. Isidingo sokuba ingxenye noma ukuqashelwa eqenjini elithile lezenhlalo singathinta ukuzethemba futhi sidale ubunzima obungokomzwelo.
izinkinga ze-psychopathological
Izikhathi eziningi, inhlala-kahle ethinta umphakathi incike ezimeni ezilindelekile empilweni yengqondo yomuntu. Abanye abantu banezimo ezithinta ukucabanga, ukuziphatha, nemizwelo.
Ngenxa yalokhu, impilo engokomzwelo ivamise ukumiswa ekwelashweni okungaba nomthelela ekuhlanganyeleni komuntu nendawo ezungezile.
izisusa zemvelo
Ukuphilisana komphakathi ngokuvamile kudala izikhuthazo eziningi empilweni yethu engokomzwelo. Isibonelo esicacile salolu hlobo lwesigameko yindlela yokuphila ephilwa abantu basedolobheni ngokungafani nabahlala ezindaweni zasemakhaya.
Ngokufanayo, singakwazi ukuhlukanisa ukuthi abantu abathola amazinga aphezulu okugqugquzela umphakathi ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa komsebenzi wabo, bavame ukuthuthukisa ukukhululeka okukhulu kokujwayela amaqembu athile omphakathi. Kodwa-ke, futhi bavame ukuba nemiphumela emikhulu yokucindezeleka uma kuqhathaniswa nempilo yengqondo yalabo abahlala ezindaweni ezithule ezinokuxhumana okuncane komphakathi.
Isiko lokubumbana
Imiphakathi enezimpande ezinkulu kumasiko ayo ijwayele ukuthuthukisa amazinga aphezulu okubekezelelana nobumbano. Lokhu kuthinta umbono wabantu wokujwayela indawo yenhlalo.
Kula masiko, isidingo sokuhlangabezana nezidingo ezingokomzwelo zabanye abantu siyakhula. Isibonelo salokhu sitholakala ekufudumaleni kwezakhamuzi zasemadolobheni athile esiwavakashelayo, lapho ukungenisa izihambi kukhona futhi lokhu kuwuphawu lwenhlalakahle yezenhlalakahle yabantu.
Izidingo ezingokomzwelo kanye nenhlalakahle ethinta umphakathi
Inhlalakahle ethinta umphakathi ixhumene kakhulu nokwaneliseka kwezidingo zomuntu ezingokomzwelo. Ngakho-ke, lezi zingahlukahluka phakathi nenkathi yokuphila kwethu, ukuba phakathi nenkathi yobusha iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu.
ngesikhathi sobuntwana
Eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila, ingane izwa isidingo ngokuyinhloko sokuzizwa ithandwa futhi ivikelekile. Ukuthintana ngokomzimba ngokubonisana uthando njengokuqabula nokugona kuyaduduza ekuthuthukisweni kokulondeka ngokomzwelo.
Ngokunjalo, izinkulumo zokuzivikela ezinjengokubamba usana ngesandla lapho uwela umgwaqo noma ukulugona ngesikhathi lukhala, kuthuthukisa umuzwa wemvelo wokusekelwa ngokomzwelo kwabaseduze nalo.
ngesikhathi sokuthomba
Ubusha ngokuvamile bubhekwa njengesigaba esinzima kakhulu sokuphila njengoba kuyisigaba somzwelo lapho imizwa emisha itholakala khona futhi leyo efundwa ebuntwaneni ihlanganiswa. Lapha, kuphakama isidingo sokuba yingxenye yeqembu, ukuqashelwa nokwamukelwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqinisekiswa nokuhlonipha imizwelo nemizwa.
Ngokufanayo, ubulili kanye nemizwa yokuhlotshaniswa nakho kuyatholakala. Lokhu kunquma ngendlela ethile inhlalakahle yangaphandle ethintekayo yezenhlalo yomuntu ngamunye.
ngesikhathi sokukhula
Kusho ukuvuthwa kwemizwa kanye nesidingo sokuzinzisa kanye nokulinganisela endaweni yenhlalonhle yezomnotho. Lokhu kusho isidingo sokuba nabantu abathembekile abahlangabezana nezidingo zothando.
ngesikhathi sokuguga
Ngalesi sigaba, izidingo ezithinta umphakathi ziyancishiswa zibe yinhlonipho, igunya kanye nokuzimela. Imiphumela yangaphandle ilinganiselwe endaweni yomndeni kanye nesidingo sokuzizwa uwusizo kwabathandekayo.
Ukubaluleka kwenhlalakahle ethinta umphakathi ebusheni
Siye saqaphela ukuthi phakathi nenkathi yobusha izici ezingokomzwelo ezakha ubuntu bomuntu ziyathuthuka. Ukuba nenhlalakahle eyanele nenhlalakahle yomphakathi kulesi sigaba kuzovumela umuntu ukuthi abe namakhono adingekayo okubhekana nobunzima ngesikhathi esemdala.
Ukushiyeka ekuhlinzekeni izidingo zentsha kungaholela kubuntu bokungavikeleki, ukungathembani kanye nokuncika okungathuthukiswa ukuntuleka kobudlelwane obuthintanayo phakathi kwendilinga yomndeni. Ngalo mqondo, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amakhono adingekayo ayatholakala ukuthuthukisa impilo engokomzwelo ezinzile futhi, ngenxa yalokho, izinga eliphezulu lenhlalakahle yomphakathi.
Indlela yokuthuthukisa inhlalakahle yezenhlalakahle ebusheni?
Inhlalakahle ethinta umphakathi ingafinyelelwa uma siqaphela ukuthi lokhu ukulingana phakathi kwezakhi zangaphakathi nezangaphandle. Nakuba kunezinto ezithile ezingenakuguqulwa, akusenjalo futhi ukuthi singazithuthukisa ngokuvumelana nomzamo wethu nokudala isimiso sakho kokubili imikhuba engokomzimba neyengqondo ezosinikeza amathuluzi okufeza lokho.
ngaphakathi
Qinisa ukuzethemba kanye nendawo esihlala kuyo. Noma ngabe ngokuhlala unomphela kwemicabango eyakhayo noma ukufunda ukuzisiza, lokhu kuzosivumela ukuthi sikwazi ukulawula imizwa futhi sigcine ukugqugquzeleka.
Yazisa indlela yokuphila enempilo. Kusukela ekudleni okufanele kuya ekuvivinyeni umzimba, lokhu kungaqinisa isimo sengqondo esihle lapho sibhekene nezingxabano nobunzima ekuphileni.
Ukunakekelwa komuntu siqu unomphela. Ukubekela eceleni isikhathi esidingekayo sokunakekelwa kwezempilo, inhlanzeko kanye nokwethulwa komuntu siqu; kanye nesimiso esanele sokuphumula nokuzicabangela wena ngokwakho.
ngaphandle
Gcina indawo enempilo futhi uzungeze nabantu abalungile, lapho inhlonipho nobumbano kufanele bube khona ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwamukelwa komuntu ngamunye. Ngokufanayo, ukwenza umsebenzi wangemva kwesikole kusiza ukuqinisa ubudlelwano bomphakathi nabanye.
