Namuhla sizokufundisa okuningi mayelana nemisebenzi kanye nenhlangano kuhlelo I-Olmec Culture kanye nomnotho wayo, esekelwe emikhiqizweni yezolimo futhi yaphinde yaphelelisa ukuhwebelana kweminye imikhiqizo njengamatshe ayigugu.
Isiko lama-Olmec nomnotho walo
Isiko lama-Olmec lasebenza njengesithombe salo lonke isiko ngokwezomnotho. Babengamavulandlela ekudayiseni imikhiqizo yabo kanye nezinkonzo zabo. Basebenzisa zonke izinsiza zabo ukuze abantu bakhona bakwazi ukuphila ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kamuva, ezinye izimpucuko zathatha lezi zibonelo ze-mercantile futhi zazilungisa ukuze ziziphilise.
Akekho ongasho ukuthi ukunyamalala kwama-Olmec kungenxa yokungaphathwa kahle kwezinsiza zabo. Eqinisweni, amamodeli abo ebhizinisi ayethuthuke kakhulu ngesikhathi nesimo ababephila kuso. Konke lokhu, okungeziwe enhlanganweni yayo yezombangazwe nezenhlalakahle, kwenza abantu basebenzelana ndawonye ukuze baziphilise.
Imisebenzi yezomnotho yesiko lama-Olmec
Ngokuyinhloko bekunemisebenzi yezomnotho emi-3 eyathuthukisa isiko lama-Olmec ngesikhathi sawo, noma yilokho abasenze sakuqonda ngemva kwesikhathi eside.
Ezolimo
Umsebenzi wezomnotho wokuqala nobaluleke kakhulu ongase ukhulume ngawo owezolimo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, babethola imikhiqizo noma izinto zabo zokudla nezohwebo. Ama-Olmec ayekwazi ukusizakala ngomhlaba lapho ayezinze khona kanye namandla okusebenza kwamanzi angaphansi kwawo.
Omunye wemikhiqizo yawo yezolimo eyinhloko kwakuwummbila, oyifa elikhulu elisaqhubeka nanamuhla. Okunye ukudla kwakutholakala ukwatapheya, ubhontshisi, ubhatata, ukhokho, amathanga kanye nopelepele. Ngayinye yalezi zithako yayisiza ukusekela abantu bakhona futhi ihwebe nezinye izimpucuko.
Wonke umsebenzi wabo wezolimo uphumelele ngenxa yezinhlelo zabo ezintsha zokunisela. Ngenxa yabo, bakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukudlula kwamanzi ayebazungezile emgwaqeni ngamunye abawusungulile. Baphinde bavimbela izikhukhula, empeleni, ezaletha izinkinga ezingenakubalwa ezitshalweni zabo.
ukudoba nokuzingela
Nakuba indlela yabo eyinhloko yokongiwa kwemvelo kwakuwukulima, ukuzingela nokudoba kwakungekude kakhulu. Ama-Olmec afunda ukuthuthukisa izindlela ezahlukene zokudla noma ukuxhumana nezilwane ezithile. Inyama yenkukhu noma inyamazane yayiyinyama yakhe ayeyithanda kakhulu.
Baphinde bakwazi ukusizakala ngokudlula kwamanzi ahlukene abazungezile futhi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, baye bakwazi ukusizakala ngemikhiqizo etholwe izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlanzi. I-Shellfish nayo yayiyingxenye yokudla kwabo futhi njengezinto zokuhweba.
I-Commerce
Uhlelo lokuhweba lwe-Olmec luthuthuke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Le mpucuko isebenzise izinsiza zayo zemvelo ngayinye ukuze ithole umnotho ozinzile.
Enye yezinto zakhe zokuqala ezintsha kwakuwukusebenzisa imigwaqo emikhulu ukuhweba ngezinga elikhulu. Bahambela izindawo ezihlukahlukene, besebenzisa imigudu yamanzi, lapho bethola khona izinto ezintsha futhi bahweba kalula.
Kungenxa yalokhu ukuthi ukuhweba kwemikhiqizo ehlukene kwazalwa, ngaphezu kwezolimo, ukuzingela noma ukudoba. Izinto ezifana nerabha (ezaziwa kakhulu ngayo), imisebenzi yezandla, izintambo kanye nezinto zobumba zifakiwe.
Amatshe ayigugu-semi-precious nawo abe yingxenye yomnotho, kanye nezinto ezingavamile kanye nemihlobiso yemikhosi. Konke lokhu okungenhla kuthuthelwe emazweni aseduze ukuyohwebelana nezinye izitshalo futhi bathole izinsiza ezinkulu.
Lokhu okungenhla kusinikeza isizathu sokusho ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezomnotho kwesiko lama-Olmec kanye nekhono lawo lokusebenzisa izinsiza zawo ekukhuliseni umnotho wawo kuyagqanyiswa futhi.
Njengoba bekhula kulesi sici, baphinde bathuthuka njengenani labantu, bebuyekeza imisebenzi yabo eyisici njengemikhosi noma amasiko.
Yazi ukuphathwa kwayo, izindlela nokunwetshwa kwayo
Cishe zonke izinhlanga zakuqala zaseMesoamerica zinenani elifanayo ezinhlelweni zazo zokukhiqiza, umnotho we-Olmec ekuqaleni wawusekelwe kumodeli ofanayo wezolimo.
Nakuba lokhu kwakungeyona ukuphela kwendlela yokuphila, babesahlangabezana nezidingo zabo ngokuzingela, ukudoba, nokwelusa, lapho babethola khona izinhlanzi, ufudu, amagwinya, nenyama yenyamazane. inyama evela ezinjeni ezifuywayo, imikhiqizo yezolimo eyakhiwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izisekelo eziqine kakhulu zomnotho we-Olmec.
Ukusebenza komnotho we-Olmec
Ezolimo, njengensika yomnotho wase-Olmec, zazihlanganisa ikakhulukazi ukutshalwa kommbila, okuhambisana nobhatata, ukwatapheya, amayam, ubhontshisi, amathanga, ukhokho kanye nopelepele.
Ukusungulwa kwabo ezindaweni ezinamaxhaphozi nezinomswakama kakhulu, okwabenza bavunda kakhulu, kwabavumela ukuba bathuthukise izinhlelo zezolimo zaseRoza, beqhuba amasimu anezitshalo ezilinganayo.
Baphinde basungula izinhlelo zokunisela emhlabeni, besebenzisa ithuba lokuba seduze kwemifula emikhulu kanye nezimvula eziningi ezidale ukuchichima okuzuzisayo ekukhiqizeni okukhulu.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, babexhaphaza izinsiza zabo zezolimo ngokuthembela ohlelweni lokusika nokushiswa, nokuvuna izithelo zasendle nezilimo eziyizigaxa.
Izindlela zokuhweba ngaphakathi komnotho we-Olmec
Ngemva kokusungula ezolimo njengesisekelo sezindlela zokukhiqiza, umnotho wase-Olmec wathuthela endaweni yokuhweba ngempahla yawo ezindaweni ezimbili.
Eyokuqala, ngokuhlala emgqeni we-agronomic, lapho beqala ukwenza ukuhwebelana kwangaphakathi ngesikhathi esifanayo nezingxoxo nezinye izizwe eziyimizulane nezinhlanga ezivela ezindaweni ezikude kakhulu, njengemizi yaseGuerrero, e-Oaxaca, esifundeni saseMayan. kanye neSigodi saseMexico. eGuatemala
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuze bandise isizinda sabo sokuhweba, bakha imizila yokuhweba yohwebo lwenjoloba noma irabha, i-basalt, imisebenzi yezandla, izitsha zobumba, nemicu eyenziwe ngabesifazane, beqoqa amagobolondo asolwandle nezinye izimpahla.
Lezi zindlela zokuhweba ezivamile zazivumela ukuthi bathole ezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa ezibalulekile: amatshe ayigugu njenge-rock crystal ne-jade, i-obsidian, ne-lodestone, eyayizosetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa imisebenzi yabo yobuciko.
Kodwa ngaphandle kokungabaza, yonke into ehlobene nezolimo izoba ngaphezu kwamandla emnothweni nasezimpilweni zama-Olmec kanye nempucuko eyabathatha kamuva.
Uma uthole lesi sihloko se-Olmec Culture kanye ne-Economy yayo iyathakazelisa, sikumema ukuthi ujabulele lezi ezinye: