I-Iberian Lynx esengozini yokushabalala, ingenye yezilwane ezisongelwa kakhulu emhlabeni wezilwane ngenxa yokuthi kusekhona izibonelo ezimbalwa e-Andalusia, ezizungezwe kuphela endaweni yaseDoñana National Park, eSierra de Cazorla kanye eSierra de Andújar, kanye naseMontes de Toledo yaseCastilla la Mancha. Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe, sikumema ukuthi uqhubeke nokufunda.
I-lynx yase-Iberia
Lolu hlobo lwezilwane lubhekwa njengezilwane ezisengozini kusukela ngo-1986, njengoba selumenyezelwe njengesikhungo sokuqapha i-IUCN. Ngokufanayo, iSpain kwathiwa iwuhlobo lwezilwane ezisengozini ngo-April 5, 1990, kanye nenye inyamazane nayo esengozini yokushabalala, ingwe yeqhwa, ngeshwa ebonakala ibhekana nesiphetho esifanayo nese-Lynx.
Injani i-Iberian Lynx?
I-Iberian Lynx esengozini yokushabalala iyinhlobo enendawo yayo eningizimu yeSpain, iyingxenye yomndeni wezinsikazi, kodwa ibonakala ngokuba nokubukeka okuqinile nokuqinile, nakuba iseshesha kakhulu ukufeza ukunyakaza kwayo. .bazingele inyamazane engukudla kwabo. Ezicini eziyingozi kakhulu lesi silwane esihle esinaso, singabala okulandelayo:
- Yisilwane esinemilenze emide esisiza ukuthi sithathe isivinini esikhulu.
- Inezindlebe ezicijile ezinoboya obuqinile obumnyama. Umbala woboya emzimbeni wayo uyahlukahluka, ngoba ungathola ama-specimens anombala onsundu kodwa futhi anamathoni amaningi ampunga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsila wayo omfishane ngokuvamile uphela ngentshakaza emnyama ekugcineni.
- I-Iberian Lynx esengcupheni yokushabalala iyisilwane esidla inyama futhi ukudla kwaso kwakhiwe ikakhulukazi onogwaja.
- Amaduna e-Iberian Lynx ngokuvamile angaba nesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-12, kuyilapho abesifazane bengadluli amakhilogremu angu-10. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kungashiwo ukuthi i-lynx yase-Iberia esengozini yokuqothulwa yizinhlobo ezincane kakhulu futhi ezilula kunazo zonke ze-lynx emhlabeni.
Ochwepheshe babonisa ukuthi iLynx yase-Iberia iyisilwane esingumzingeli okhuthele futhi oshesha ukushesha, njengoba lapho ihlonza inyamazane, iyakwazi ukusondela ngokunyenya futhi ikwazi ukuyibamba ngokushesha lapho igxuma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Iberian Lynx iyisilwane esiyingxenye yeqembu lezilwane ezincelisayo. Ngakho-ke, lesi ngesinye sezilwane ezincelisayo ezisengozini yokuqothulwa okungenzeka. Ngaphakathi kwalesi sigaba sizothola kuhlanganisa ibhere elinsundu, indlovu yase-Asia, noma i-gorilla yasezintabeni.
Ihlala kanjani i-Iberian Lynx?
Iwuhlobo namuhla oluhlala kuphela eDoñana National Park, e-Andalusia, nakuba ezikhathini zangaphambili, lwalubonakala luhlala ezindaweni zaseMedithera naseGalicia. Lolu uhlobo olukhetha ukuhlala ezindaweni lapho kukhona amakhambi amaningi nezihlahla, ikakhulukazi uma zinenqwaba yezihlahla ze-strawberry noma izihlahla ze-mastic, kanye nezihlahla ezithandwayo kuzo, njenge-holm oak noma i-cork oak.
Injani imikhuba yakho yempilo?
Ngokuvamile, isilwane esihlala sodwa, ngaphandle kwalapho kufika isikhathi sokukhwelana nesikhathi sokukhwelana, izikhathi lapho kuyohlale kuqashelwa ukuthi sikanye nomlingani waso. Isikhathi sokukhwelana salezi zilwane ebusika obubanda kakhulu eSpain, ngoba sitholakala phakathi kwezinyanga zikaJanuwari noFebhuwari wonyaka ngamunye.
Okwenziwa ngamapheya ama-lynx ase-Iberia ukumba imigodi yawo ezindaweni ezicashile, ikakhulukazi uma enamahlozi neziqu zezihlahla, phakathi kwezinye izihlahla, okuzowavumela ukuthi avikeleke ngangokunokwenzeka kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinsongo.
Ishintsha imigodi njalo
Lokhu kuwukuziphatha okuyinqaba ngempela kwesilwane futhi kungenxa yokuthi iLynx yase-Iberia esengozini yokushabalala ibheka ukuthi kunezindawo ezibalulekile njengalezo ezitholakala ezansi nentaba, ezisebenzisela ukuphumula, kuyilapho kunezinye izindawo lapho kukhona khona indawo enkulu. inani lokudla.
Bahlala endaweni yodwa kanye nezindawo
I-Iberian Lynx esengozini ichitha isikhathi esiningi iphumule, ngenxa yamazinga okushisa aphezulu akhona kulowo Mphakathi Ozimelayo ehlobo nasentwasahlobo. Ukudla kwayo onogwaja, kodwa ayinayo inkinga yokondla nama-partridges namagundane.
Esikhathini sasebusika, ama-lynx ayizidalwa ezingahlala zisebenza amahora angama-24 ngosuku, kodwa phakathi nazo zonke ezinye izinkathi zonyaka singabona ukuthi azohlala engasebenzi kakhulu, ngenxa yesimo sezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zilwane zinemikhuba yasebusuku, esikhundleni sokusebenza emini. Isilwane esifana ne-Iberian Lynx siyakwazi ukufinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokobulili ngemva konyaka nengxenye yokuphila futhi sinesikhathi sokuphila esiphakathi kweminyaka eyi-10 neyi-15.
Ingakanani izinga lakho lengozi yokushabalala?
Njengamanje, inani lama-lynx ase-Iberia eNhlonhlweni yase-Iberia liphansi kakhulu. Kunzima impela ukukwazi ukulinganisa inani eliqondile labantu abasekhona, njengoba unyaka ka-2015 bekuwunyaka wokugcina lapho kwaba khona ukwanda kwesibalo sabantu, ngenxa yokuthi imisebenzi yokubuyisela yenziwa futhi ngenxa yezinye izinhlelo ezikhethekile. .ukuze kulondolozwe.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qyXzcdZhsfs
Ngabe inani labantu base-Iberia Lynx lehla kanjani?
- Ngonyaka we-1960: babalelwa ku-3.000 ama-lynx ase-Iberia e-Peninsula.
- Ekuqaleni kuka-2000: Inani lama-lynx ase-Iberia lehla laya kubantu abangama-400.
- Unyaka ka-2002: amakhophi ayengaphansi kwama-200.
- Ngo-March 2005: ucwaningo lwembula ukuthi ama-lynx ase-Iberia ayengeqi abantu abayi-100.
Lezi zifundo zenziwa ngokuhlaziywa kwe-lynx foci ezimbili kuphela ezaziwa ngososayensi kuze kube yileso sikhathi, okwakuyiDoñana neSierra de Andújar, eJaén. Kodwa ngo-2007 bafezwa ngokumangala kwezibonelo ezingu-15 eCastilla-La Mancha. Ku-2013, ukuba khona kweqembu elincane lama-lynx ase-Iberia esifundazweni saseCáceres kwaqinisekiswa. Kunoma ikuphi, phakathi no-2008 kwalinganiselwa ukuthi phakathi kuka-99 no-158 ama-lynx amadala ahlala eNhlonhlweni, kucatshangelwa zonke izici ezazitholakele. Njengamanje, kungenzeka ukubala ukuthi kunama-lynx angama-400 ase-Iberia e-Peninsula, okuseyinombolo ephansi kakhulu. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, i-Iberian Lynx ibhekwa njengesengozini enkulu.
Yiziphi izinsongo ze-Iberian Lynx?
Njengoba kuwuhlobo olusobala olusengozini yokushabalala, izinsongo eziningi okufanele lubhekane nazo kufanele zicatshangelwe. Phakathi kwezimbi kakhulu, singagqamisa lokhu okulandelayo:
- isenzo somuntu.
- Ukuncipha kwenani onogwaja.
- Ukulahlekelwa indawo yokuhlala
isenzo somuntu
Usongo oluthathwa njengolunzima kakhulu wukufa kwezibonelo eziwumphumela wezenzo zabantu, njengokugilwa yizimoto, ukuzingela ngokungemthetho, ukudliswa ushevu okungekho emthethweni noma ukufakwa kwezicupho eziqondiswe kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, phakathi kokunye. Emgwaqweni okwazi ukuxhumanisa idolobha laseHuelva eMatalascañas namanye amadolobhana, ingenye yezindawo lapho inani elikhulu lama-lynx lifa minyaka yonke ngenxa yokugilwa.
Empeleni kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe ama-lynx amane kwayishumi afa kule ndawo uma ezama ukuwela umgwaqo, ngakho ukuze kugwenywe lokhu kufa, kuphakanyiswe ukuthi kufakwe ama-ecoducts, okuyimigwaqo yezilwane zasendle emigwaqweni. babe nezitshalo futhi izindawo zabo zokuhlala zingaxhunywa.
Ukwehliswa kwenombolo kanogwaja
Ukuncipha konogwaja, okwakha amaphesenti angama-90 okudla kwabo, futhi isizathu kungenzeka ukuthi kungenxa yezifo noma ukuxhashazwa ngokweqile kwe-herbaceous stratum, okusho ukuthi ama-lynx ase-Iberia awanayo indlela yokudla futhi awaphili.
Ukulahlekelwa indawo yokuhlala
Enye inkinga ebaluleke kakhulu indaba yeziphazamiso eziye zacekela phansi inani lezindawo zamahlathi, kanye nokungatshalwa kabusha kwamahlathi okwanele noma ukwakhiwa kwamadolobha okuye kwabonakala ezindaweni zasemaphandleni eminyakeni yamuva. Zonke lezi zingqinamba zenza ukuthi i-Iberian Lynx ilahlekelwe kancane kancane indawo yayo yemvelo.
Uzama kanjani ukuqinisekisa ukusinda kwe-Iberian Lynx?
Iziphakamiso eziningi zenziwe zokwandisa inani labantu base-Iberian Lynx eSpain. Ezinye ezaziwa kakhulu yilezi:
Ukuzalanisa Okuthunjiwe
Ukwakhiwa kwama-ecoducts, abizwa nangokuthi amabhuloho aluhlaza, abangagwema ngawo ukugingqika emigwaqeni. Lesi ngesinye sezinyathelo ezinganciphisa kakhulu ukufa, njengoba izilwane zizokwazi ukuwela imigwaqo futhi zisuke endaweni ethile ziye kwenye ngebhuloho elinezimila elingaphezu kwemigwaqo.
Esinye isici okufanele sicatshangelwe uhlelo lokuzalanisa okuvalelwe, oluqinisekisa ukulondolozwa kwezakhi zofuzo zalolu hlobo. Ngalokhu, okudingekayo yinani lezilwane ezizalayo ezihlala ekuthunjweni, ezihlanganiswa ukuze zibe nenzalo nokuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuyokwenzeka ukuthi zibuyiselwe endaweni yazo yemvelo.
Njengamanje, uhlelo lokuzalanisa lwenziwa e-Acebuche Breeding Center, etholakala eDoñana National Park naseJerez de la Frontera Zoobotanical, eCádiz. Lezi zinsiza zisetshenziselwa ukugcina ama-specimens eyedwa, ukusekela amawundlu noma ukuhlalisa ama-lynx asemancane noma amadala.
Lezi yizinhlelo abazama ngazo ukusindisa lolu hlobo lwezilwane ezisengozini enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni futhi ngethemba ukuthi izinhlelo eziningi ezifanayo zizokhuthazwa, ngoba uma lezi zinhlobo zezinhlelo zingenziwanga, futhi uma Konke kuqhubeka njengoba ngaphambili, i-Iberian Lynx esengozini yokushabalala ingashabalala ngokushesha.
Uma ukuthandile okuqukethwe yile ndatshana, mhlawumbe futhi ufuna ukufunda: