I-FeLV (Feline Leukemia Virus) Kuyisifo esithathelwanayo esibangelwa i-retrovirus esithinta amakati futhi singabangela amanye ama-pathologies amakhulu. Lolu hlobo lwe-leukemia lubangela isimo se-immunosuppressive ukuthi kwenza ikati lithambekele kakhudlwana ezifweni, okwandisa kakhulu ingozi yokufa.
I-leukemia yezilwane ivame ukuphatha amakati noma amakati achitha amahora amaningi engaphandle. Amandla ayo aphezulu okutheleleka ayenza ibe yi-pathology ethile emiphakathini yezilwane ezisengozini kakhulu. ukutheleleka nge Felv kuyingozi empilweni yekati elifuywayo ngoba liyigciwane elinamandla aphezulu e-pathogenic. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iyakwazi ukucindezela kakhulu amasosha omzimba futhi adale izimo ze-pathological ezingaba zimbi kakhulu esilwaneni (izifo kanye nezimila, ikakhulukazi i-lymphomas).
Siyini isifo se-FeLV?
I-FeLV ungowomndeni we-retrovirus okusho ukuthi isebenza ngokuthelela amangqamuzana nokuzalana ngaphakathi kwawo ngaphandle kokubonwa amasosha omzimba. Le leukemia esithathelwanayo ngokuvamile ithinta abantu abasha ikakhulukazi. Ihlasela amasosha omzimba esilwane ngokubangela ukwehla okukhulu kwenani lamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi. Ngokunciphisa impendulo yokuzivikela komzimba, izinhlobonhlobo zezinkinga nezifo zingavela kalula esilwaneni, zibeke impilo yayo kanye nezinga lempilo engozini. Nokho, Ukuchayeka ku-feline leukemia virus akudingeki kube isigwebo sentambo. Cishe u-70% wamakati atholakala naleli gciwane ayakwazi ukumelana naleli gciwane noma asule igciwane ngokwawo.
Ngeshwa, ingxenye yezifundo ezithintekayo ingase ithinteke yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukutheleleka "okuhlehlayo", okungukuthi, uhlobo lokutheleleka "okufihliwe" okungatholakali ngokuhlolwa okuvamile, kodwa okungabangela isifo. Ngakho-ke ukulawulwa kwezilwane kwekati elifuywayo kuba kubalulekile empilweni nasenhlalakahleni yalo. amakati ngokuvamile bangenwa ngokuthintana ngqo noketshezi olunegciwane oluvela kwamanye amakati kanye nokutheleleka okuhlobene nokulwa kwezindawo noma ukuhlalisana nezihloko ezinhle kuvamile kakhulu. Ngamanye amazwi, enkulu kunazo zonke ukuziphatha okuxekethile Ikati lethu lekati lilibeka ethubeni elikhulu lokutheleleka. Ngakho-ke qaphela ikati elithanda ukuzulazula engadini noma emgwaqweni nalabo abakhangwa ukulwa nokulwa nabangane babo, ikakhulukazi uma bedukile.
Izimpawu ze-FELV
I-Los Izimpawu ze-Feline Leukemia Virus Zingahlukahluka kakhulu, kodwa ngokuvamile zingafingqwa kulokhu okulandelayo:
- i-panleukopenia enzima
- i-myelodysplasia
- i-neuropathy
- i-lymphoma
- ama-anemias
- ubuthakathaka
- ukungakwazi ukudla, ukuswela ukudla
- ukulahleka kwezinwele
- izinsini eziphaphathekile
- umbala ophuzi emlonyeni
- mhlophe emehlweni
- ama-lymph nodes akhulisiwe
- ukuphefumula kanzima
- i-stomatitis
- Umkhuhlane
- Ukukhathala
- wehlise isisindo
- immunosuppression.
Ukucindezeleka kwamasosha omzimba kwandisa amathuba okuba ikati libe sengozini yokuthola izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye namagciwane okungase kubangele:
- IVomit
- isifo sohudo esingamahlalakhona
- jaundice
- izifo zokuphefumula
- izilonda zesikhumba
- i-lymphomas
- pokuzi
- ukuquleka.
Ikati elihle le-FeLV futhi ingahlala i-asymptomatic izinyanga ezimbalwa noma iminyaka, kuze kufike ukuthuthukiswa okuphelele kwesifo.
Ukusinda kwegciwane endaweni
Igciwane le-FeLV linamandla kakhulu endaweni, sisinde imizuzu embalwa kuphela, nezibulala-magciwane ezivamile (njenge-bleach) zisibulala kalula, kodwa futhi liyazwela ezintweni zokuhlanza, ukushisa, nokomisa. Uma uke waba nekati le-FeLV+ elingasekho, awudingi ukubulala amagciwane endlini noma ulinde izinyanga ngaphambi kokuthola elinye!
Ukudluliselwa kwe-FeLV
Igciwane lingena endabeni oronasally noma umlomo ekhaleni. Ingase ibe khona ekukhiqizweni okufana namafinyila, amathe, igazi, nobisi lwekati. Lapho igciwane lingena emzimbeni, kuthinta umnkantsha nasemangqamuzaneni anesibopho sokukhiqiza ama-leukocyte ayingxenye yokuzivikela komzimba.
Igciwane le-FeLV lingadluliselwa lisuka kwelinye ikati liye kwelinye ngokusebenzisa ngokushintshisana ngoketshezi lomzimba njengamathe, igazi, namakhala noma ukukhishwa kwamehlo. Ukugeza (ukukhotha) nokulwa (ukugoqa) kubonakala kuyindlela evamile yokusabalalisa isifo. Imidlwane ingathola lesi sifo esibelethweni noma ngobisi lukamama olunegciwane. Lesi sifo sivame ukudluliselwa amakati abonakala enempilo, ngakho ngisho noma ikati libonakala liphilile, lingase libe negciwane futhi likwazi ukudlulisela igciwane.
Phakathi neminyaka engu-25 edlule, ukusabalala kwe-FeLV kwehle kakhulu sibonga ukufika kokuhlolwa kokuxilonga kanye nokusabalala kwemithi yokugoma.
Ingabe idluliselwa kubantu?
I-FELV feline leukemia virus ivame kakhulu phakathi kwamakati, kodwa ayidluliselwa kubantu noma kwezinye izilwane ezingewona amakati. Kuthinta kakhulu amakati amancane, ikakhulukazi amakati e-feral kanye ne-feline colony, kodwa kungase kuthinte namakati aphethwe achitha isikhathi esiningi engaphandle kanye namanye amakati.
I-FeLV leukemia yisifo esithinta amakati kuphela. Angeke idluliselwe kubantu, ezinjeni, noma kwezinye izilwane. I-FeLV idluliselwa kusuka ekati iye ekatini ngamathe, igazi, kanye nomchamo nendle. Igciwane aliphili isikhathi eside ngaphandle komzimba wekati, cishe amahora ambalwa kuphela.
Singalivikela kanjani ikati lethu egciwaneni?
gcina ikati lakho Ngaphakathi endlini futhi kude namakati anegciwane kuyindlela eqinisekile yokumvimbela ekutholeni i-leukemia esithathelwanayo. Ukwengeza, imigomo inganikezwa amakati asengozini enkulu yokuchayeka, njengaleyo ephuma ngaphandle noma ehlala ezindaweni zokukhosela noma emakoloni. Amakati kuphela atholakala engenayo i-FeLV okufanele agonywe, futhi lawo athole umgomo kufanele nawo ahlolelwe ukuchayeka kugciwane.
Ukuhlolwa akufanele kwenziwe phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-30 zokuchayeka okungenzeka. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinkinga zempilo okungase kuhlotshaniswe negciwane.
Amakati amasha noma amakati amasha angaphezu kwamasonto ayisishiyagalombili ubudala kufanele ahlolelwe igciwane ngaphambi kokuba angeniswe ekhaya elinamakati amaningi. Odokotela bezilwane abaningi bayeluleka ngokumelene ngenisa ikati elisha endlini uma kukhona un cat positive for FeLV by the ingozi ye uthole ukuthelelekangisho nalapho ugonyiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukucindezeleka komuntu osanda kufika kungase kuthinte kabi ekatini le-FeLV-positive.
Ngaphezu kwalokho inzalo kumakati asendle, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuvimbela i-FeLV ukugoma amakati asendlini namakati ahlala emakoloni ekati. Ezimweni eziningi, umgomo we-Felv awuvikeli ekuthelelekeni, kodwa uvumela ikati elithelelekile ukuba libe yi-aviremic ngesikhathi esifushane, okungukuthi, lingatheleleki kwamanye amakati.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-Feline Viral Leukemia
Ukuxilongwa kwaselabhorethri okwenziwa ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okuhlobene kubalulekile. Ungasebenzisa "ukuhlola okusheshayo" okuhlukahlukene okuvela ku-SNAP TEST, okuthi ngesampula yegazi elincane kuvumele ukuhlonza izilwane ezithelelekile kuphela uma kune-viraemia eqhubekayo. I-PCR egazini noma umnkantsha ngokungangabazeki iyona eningi okuthembekile ngoba lihlonza igciwane ngokuqiniseka.
Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kwe-feline leukemia
Udokotela wakho wezilwane angakwazi ukuxilonga lesi sifo ngokwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula okubizwa ngokuthi i-ELISA, ekhomba amaprotheni e-FeLV egazini. Lokhu kuhlola kuzwela kakhulu futhi kungabona amakati anezifo zakuqala kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi amanye amakati azosusa ukutheleleka ezinyangeni ezimbalwa futhi ahlolwe ukuthi awunayo kamuva.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okwesibili, i-IFA, kuthola isigaba esiqhubekayo sokutheleleka futhi amakati anemiphumela emihle kulokhu kuhlolwa mancane amathuba okuthi alichithe igciwane. Ukuhlolwa kwe-IFA kwenziwa elabhorethri, hhayi emtholampilo kadokotela wezilwane. Ngokuvamile, amakati a-IFA-positive ane-prognosis embi yesikhathi eside.
U-Felv angaxilongwa kuphela ngudokotela wezilwane, ngokwenza ezinye izivivinyo zomtholampilo. Kwezinye izimo ezithile, ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, lezi zivivinyo zingaphinda ziphindwe kamuva.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokutheleleka kwe-FeLV emakati:
- Ingane Esanda kuzalwa: Umama ogulayo udlulisela igciwane enzalweni yakhe ngaphambi kokuzalwa noma ngobisi olunegciwane.
- izimfihlo: uma isilwane esiphile kahle sithinta uketshezi olufana nezinyembezi, amathe, indle kanye nomchamo onegciwane.
Ukwelashwa nokugomela i-leukemia ye-feline
I-leukemia yezilwane ithinta ngokukhethekile amakati amancane, ikakhulukazi kumakati alahlekile noma angaphandle. Ingxenye yamakati athelelekayo ikwazi ukuqeda igciwane ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ivikeleke emzimbeni, nakuba isikhathi salokhu kugonywa kwemvelo kungaziwa. Kodwa-ke, emakati lapho ukuzivikela komzimba kungakhuli, igciwane lihlasela umzimba, ikakhulukazi umkantsha, lapho kukhiqizwa khona amangqamuzana egazi nalabo ababhekele amasosha omzimba.
Alikho ikhambi eliqondile lokutheleleka nge-leukemia ye-feline, kodwa kukhona ukwelashwa okusekelayo (njengokuthi izidakamizwa ezisiza umsebenzi wamasosha omzimba) okungasiza ukunweba iminyaka yokuphila komuntu othelelekile, futhi kuqinisekise ikhwalithi enhle. Kodwa-ke, ikati le-FeLV-positive liseyinsikazi esengozini enkulu yokuthola izifo ze-neoplastic kanye nezifo ezithathelwanayo, kanye nesilwane esinesikhathi sokuphila esifushane kunekati elinempilo.
umnakekele
Njengoba kusekelwa i-retrovirus, awekho amakhambi athile. Ukucabangela ukuthi igciwane lithinta amasosha omzimba, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzama gcina ikati lisempilweni enhle ukugwema ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo zesibili noma izifo.
Noma kunjalo, i ukuhlolwa njalo kwezilwane kanye nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuhle kokuvimbela kungasiza la makati ukuthi azizwe ekahle isikhathi esithile futhi awavikele ezifweni zesibili. Ukuhlolwa komzimba okumaphakathi konyaka, ukuhlolwa kwaselabhorethri, nokulawulwa kwezinambuzane kunganqanda izinkinga futhi kuhlonze izinkinga ngokushesha.
Wonke amakati angenwe yi-FeLV kufanele agcinwe endlini futhi afakwe isipayidi.
Ngakho-ke, okwamanje alikho ikhambi lokutheleleka nge-FeLV. Ukutheleleka kwesibili kungelashwa njengoba kubonakala, futhi amakati anomdlavuza angathola i-chemotherapy. Kodwa-ke, lesi sifo sibi kakhulu kumakati anomnkantsha wamathambo noma asakaze i-lymphoma.
I-FeLV prophylaxis:
Kunomuthi wokugoma otholakalayo ohlinzeka ngokuvikeleka okuhle. Nokho, umuthi wokugomela i-FeLV awusebenzi ezifundweni ezinhle. Ukuthintana kwezihloko ezithelelekile ezinamakati anempilo kufanele kugwenywe nganoma iyiphi indlela. Okungukuthi, abakwazi ukujwayela izindawo ezifanayo, basebenzise amabhokisi kadoti afanayo noma baphuze futhi badle ezitsheni ezivamile.
Umuthi wokugoma ongewona umongo
Okwamanje kunefayela le- umuthi wokugomela u-Felv (amakati kuphela ahlolwayo ukuthi akanalo yini angakwenza) okuyingxenye yalokho okubizwa ngokuthi imithi yokugoma "okungeyona ingxenye ebalulekile", okungukuthi, akuyona impoqo, kodwa enconywayo uma kwenzeka kuhlalisana emakoloni noma ezindaweni ezinokunyakaza kwekati okuningi noma uma isikhathi esiningi sidlula ngaphandle, njengoba lokhu kubabeka engozini enkulu yokuthola ukutheleleka. Ngakho-ke, umthetho omuhle wesithupha uwukugoma ikati lakho uma impilo eliyiphilayo ilichaya ekuthelelekeni nezinye izinkawu ezingase zithwale lesi sifo. Esinye isixwayiso esibalulekile Ukuvakasha ngezikhathi ezithile kudokotela wezilwane oyinhloko. Ngakho-ke, lesi sifo singabonakala kusukela ngesikhathi sivela. Endabeni ye-leukemia ye-feline, empeleni, ukudla okulawulwayo kanye nokwelashwa okufanele kungasiza ikati ukuba liphile impilo evamile futhi liphile kahle.
okwamanje alikho ikhambi eliqinisekile likaFelv, nakuba kungenzeka ukwenza izindlela zokwelapha ezikhulisa isikhathi sokuphila kwekati nge-Felv. Iminyaka yokuphila yekati le-FeLV positive (noma i-FeLV+) incike ezintweni eziningi njengeminyaka yobudala, isimo sempilo, ukuba khona kwamanye ama-pathologies kanye nesigaba sesifo ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa, kodwa ukubikezelwa kuyashintsha kunoma yikuphi icala elibi.
Ngaphezu kokwelashwa okulungile kwe-pharmacological, okuchazwa udokotela wezilwane ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha, Ukuhlola okuvamile kubalulekile okuvumela udokotela wezilwane ukulawula isimo sempilo yekati, ngaleyo ndlela agweme ukuvela kwama-pathologies amakhulu kakhulu.
Yini ongayenzela ikati lakho le-FeLV+ elingenazimpawu?
Ngeshwa, azikho izindlela zokwelapha ezingaqeda igciwane, kodwa kukhona uchungechunge lwamadivayisi nezinto ezikhulisa ikhwalithi nobude bempilo (okwelula isigaba se-FeLV esingenayo izimpawu). Ukuze ikati le-FeLV liphile kangcono futhi isikhathi eside, lidinga:
- Ukudla okunomsoco,
- gwema ukucindezeleka,
- yigcine ingaphakathi endlini futhi ifudumele (nokugwema ukuthelela amanye amakati ngaphandle angagonyiwe),
- gwema ukuthintana namakati agulayo nganoma iyiphi i-pathology ethathelwanayo,
- azikho inyama eluhlaza kanye nobisi (izifundo ze-FeLV+ zisengozini eyengeziwe ye-pathologies evela kubhaktheriya nama-parasites angase abe khona ekudleni). Kuyancomeka ukwenza ukuhlaziya indle kanye/noma ukuqeda izikelemu ngezikhathi ezithile,
- njalo ugoma i-trivalent, kodwa kuyalulekwa ukuthi ukwenze ngomuthi wokugoma ongasebenzi,
- Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile ngudokotela wezilwane (njalo ezinyangeni eziyisi-6 lapho izimpawu zingekho) ngokunaka okukhethekile emlonyeni womlomo, amehlo, ama-lymph nodes, isikhumba, isisindo somzimba (kubalulekile ukuhlola isisindo somzimba ngezikhathi ezithile ngoba ukuncipha kwesisindo ngokuvamile kuwuphawu lokuqala oluya luwohloka. yezimo zomtholampilo).
- Izibalo zegazi ezinconyiwe njalo ezinyangeni eziyisi-6 (ukuphazamiseka kwegazi kungenye yezimpawu zokuqala zesifo esigcwele ngokuphelele) kanye nokuhlolwa okuyisisekelo kwegazi nomchamo minyaka yonke.
- Qaphela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuvela kwe-lymphomas, i-aplasia yamangqamuzana abomvu egazi, i-stomatitis, izifo ezingosomathuba. Ukungenelela kokwelapha kusenesikhathi kwandisa amathuba okuphumelela.
- Sebenzisa izidakamizwa ze-immunosuppressive (isb. i-corticosteroids) kuphela uma kuboniswe ngokuqinile esimweni esithile sekati elithile (uma kwenzeka kuba ne-stomatitis enzima, kungcono ukuqhubeka nokukhipha wonke amazinyo, kunokusebenzisa i-corticosteroids okungapheli).
- I-Neutering iyatuswa nakanjani, kuwo wonke amakati asakwazi ukumelana nokuhlinzwa (mhlawumbe ngokuthatha ezinye izinyathelo zokuphepha ezimbalwa, njengokunikeza ama-antibiotic afanelekile esikhathini sangemva kokuhlinzwa, kanye nokwenza iphrofayili yegazi ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ngaphambi kokunikeza izinzwa); Kuyafaneleka ngisho noma kuwukugwema ukucindezeleka kwe-hormonal lapho ikati elingakhanithiwe libhekene khona.
Kuthiwani nge-Interferon ye-FeLV?
Ayikho idatha eqondile mayelana nenzuzo etholakala ekusetshenzisweni kwama-immunomodulators njenge i-interferonkodwa zingasetshenziswa ngokuphepha. I-Feline omega interferon ingathuthukisa ukubikezela nokuphila, kodwa izifundo ezengeziwe ziyadingeka kulokhu. Kunoma yikuphi, kubonakale ukuthi alilimazi ikati futhi lingasiza ukuthi lizwane kangcono, kodwa njengoba ngike ngaphawula kahle, konke lokhu kusekelwe kwizibalo nemibono yabantu abalisebenzisayo, kodwa kukhona abukho ubufakazi besayensi..