I-Los amakhadi asebhange kucatshangelwe amathuluzi ezezimali endabuko kakhulu ezinkampani zamabhange abe nezinguquko ezithile eminyakeni yamuva, funda konke okuhlobene nalesi sihloko ngokufunda isihloko esilandelayo.
Izimalimboleko zamabhange zivumela ukuhlanganisa inhlalakahle yomphakathi
Amakhredithi ebhange
Zibizwa ngazo zonke lezo zinqubo zokubolekwa kwemali ezenziwa isikhungo sezezimali ukuze kunikezwe amanani emali kanye nokheshi ezikhungweni, izinhlangano kanye nabantu. Inhloso ukuthola izinzuzo esikhathini esifushane nesimaphakathi ukuze kunikezwe isixazululo ezinkingeni zezimali zezinhlangothi ezinentshisekelo.
La incazelo yekhredithi yasebhange Livela kwelesiLatini elithi “credere” elisuselwe enkulumweni esho ukuthi “ukuyithatha kalula”, kuyinqubo endala kakhulu ebizivumelanisa nezidingo kanye nezinguquko zomphakathi ngokwawo.
Imali mboleko yasebhange inikezwa ngaphansi kwemibandela ethile evumela ukubuyiselwa kwayo. Kuwuhlobo lwembuyiselo umfakisicelo okufanele ayenze ngokukhansela uchungechunge lwezithakazelo nokugcwalisa imibandela ethile.
Esihlokweni esilandelayo Izidingo zokuvula ibhizinisi kungenzeka ukuthokozela indlela okungatholakala ngayo ezinye izindlela zokuthola izinsiza.
Zitholakala kanjani?
Kuqukethe inqubo lapho umuntu ehlela isikhungo sezezimali kulokhu ibhange. Inani lemali elingakusiza ukuxazulula isimo somnotho, uthole izimpahla noma uqale ibhizinisi. Ibhizinisi liyaqhubeka nokucela izimfuneko ezithile zesiqinisekiso nokusekelwa.
Ngemva kokuhlaziya izidingo, ibhange linquma ukuthi liyinikeze yini inani lemali eliphelele, linikeze ingxenye yalokho okuceliwe noma limane liyiphike. Kunoma yimiphi le mibandela emithathu, kuhlale kuyibhange elinquma ukwenza inqubo.
Esimeni lapho ikhredithi inikezwe ingxenye noma ngokuphelele, izimo zokukhokha ziyasungulwa, lapho iklayenti kufanele likhokhe nyanga zonke. Kuhlanganisa izimo zokukhokha lapho inzalo inqunywa khona kanye namakhomishini athile ezinsizakalo zokusebenza.
Konke ukuphatha, ukulawula kanye nokuqapha isikweletu kwenziwa yisikhungo sezezimali. I izinhlobo zemali mboleko yasebhange Bavumela, phakathi kokunye, ukukhulisa imali yamabhange njengoba izinzalo kwesinye isikhathi zigcina ziba nkulu kunesamba sesikweletu ngokwaso.
Lezi zimo sezilawulwa iminyaka eminingi kuwo wonke amazwe omhlaba, ukuvimbela izikhungo zamabhange ekwenzeni ubugebengu bokulobola.
Izici
Kudingeka ukuxazululwa ngokuphathelene namakhadi esikweletu noma amanye ama-akhawunti ahlobene neklayenti ezikhungweni zamabhange.
- Bavumela abantu nezikhungo ukuba baxazulule izinkinga zezomnotho ngokushesha.
- Bathola izinzuzo zemboleko ngenxa yenzalo ekhokhiswa kubo.
- Izimo zisungulwa yizinhlangano zamabhange, kuye ngemithethonqubo esungulwe ezweni ngalinye.
- Zingaba yizinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobo ezivumela amakhasimende ukuthi akhethe ukuthenga izindlu, izimoto, ukulungiswa kwezindlu kanye nezindlu zokuhlala, osomabhizinisi, imisebenzi yezolimo, ngamafuphi, ukukhonza izindawo ezihlukahlukene zomphakathi.
izinhlobo zezikweletu
Namuhla imisebenzi yanoma yiluphi uhlobo ezweni idinga ukujovwa kwezinsiza, ngalo mqondo imali iyingxenye ebalulekile yokwenza amaphrojekthi okuqalisa ibhizinisi, ukuthengwa kwempahla, izikweletu zebhange zezinkampani, ukukhuthaza amaphrojekthi ezolimo.
Izikweletu zomuntu siqu yilezo ezilethwa kubantu, abangabacela ngezinhloso ezahlukene (thatha uhambo, ulungise kabusha indlu noma uhlele umshado, isibonelo).
Amakhadi esikweletu
Ingolunye lwezinhlobo zamathuluzi ezezimali asetshenziswa kakhulu amaklayenti, imele uhlobo lwezimali olusiza ukuthola izinsiza zokuqala amabhizinisi, ukuthola izimpahla namasevisi noma ukuxazulula izinkinga zezomnotho.
Ibonakala ngokwesikhashana kwayo, okusho ukuthi, ivumela ukuba nemali engatholakali okwamanje kodwa ezotholwa maduze nje. Yakhiwe ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokubolekwa kwemali ezivame ukukhokhwa ngezitolimende zanyanga zonke kanye nekhomishini yokusebenzisa ikhadi ngokwalo.
Ngendlela efanayo, bakhiqiza imali yanyanga zonke yezindleko zesevisi noma imisebenzi, okufanele ikhokhwe ngokuphoqelekile, ngisho noma ingasetshenziswa.
Esihlokweni esilandelayo Uliphatha Kanjani Ikhadi Lesikweletu? Uzokwazi kangcono ukuthi leli thuluzi lezezimali lisetshenziswa kanjani.
imalimboleko yomuntu siqu
Kuwuhlobo lwemali ebolekiwe yasebhange lapho inani lemali linikezwa i-akhawunti yomuntu siqu yomfakisicelo, ibhange alikaze libuze ukuthi izosetshenziselwa ini njengoba ingenayo inzuzo yabo. Ngalesi sizathu, lawa makhredithi anamanani alinganiselwe futhi ngokuya nekhono lawo lokukhokha.
Zisungulwa ngokusekelwe kumthamo wesikweletu kanye nokukhokha komfakisicelo, izinzalo zokukhokha zingaphansi kancane kunezinye izinhlobo zekhredithi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi isicelo asinikezeli ngokuqondile isikweletu, kodwa kunalokho, njengezinye izindlela zezimali, izidingo ezithile kufanele zihlangatshezwe.
Emazweni amaningi abizwa ngamakhredithi avuliwe njengoba umfakisicelo engacacisi ukuthi azosetshenziselwa ini. Njengesincomo, kubalulekile ukuthi ikhasimende lazi futhi lifunde izimo zezikweletu kahle, ngoba isikhungo samabhange ngasinye sinemibandela ehluke ngokuphelele.
amakhredithi akhethekile
Kulo mugqa, izinhlobo ezahlukene zezikweletu zihlanganisiwe, njengemali yokubolekwa, ukuze kutholwe izimpahla, ezokuvakasha kanye nemfundo, ngayinye inezici ezihlukene kusukela zinikezwe ukuze kuxhaswe imisebenzi eyahlukahlukene, ake sibone.
I-Mortgage
Zihlanganisa imali ebolekiwe yokuthenga amakhaya, ukulungiswa kabusha noma ukumane kukhululwe enye imali ebolekiwe. Zingamathuluzi asiza abantu abaningi ukuthi bathole izimpahla ngokushesha futhi okufanele zikhokhelwe phakathi nesikhathi esimisiwe.
Lolu hlobo lwekhredithi lunezimo ezihluke ngokuphelele kunezomuntu siqu. Izidingo zidinga kakhulu njengoba amanani emalimboleko makhulu futhi zidinga neziqinisekiso zokunikezwa kwazo. Emhlabeni wonke kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokunikeza imali mboleko yezindlu ngokuya ngezici zezwe ngalinye.
Amakhredithi aceliwe kufanele aqinisekiswe futhi abonise ukuthi azotshalwa ngani, kungaba okokuthenga umuzi, ukutholwa kwemoto noma okunye okuhle: ngendlela efanayo asetshenziselwa ukulungisa kabusha amakhaya Ukungabonisi ukusetshenziswa kwekhredithi ngezinjongo eziceliwe kuvumela ibhange ngezindlela ezithile zomthetho ukuthi liyichithe.
I-Educativo
Ziyingxenye yenqubomgomo yokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlangano eziningi zezezimali ezifuna ukukhuthaza izifundo zasenyuvesi ngokubolekwa imali. Zinikezwa abamele abafundi noma abafundi ngokwabo abavuma ukukhansela isikweletu esishiwo isikhathi eside.
Lawa makhredithi aze ahlukaniswe izinhlobo ezahlukene zeziqinisekiso, lapho ezinye izinhlangano zamabhange zifuna ukunxenxa abafundi abasanda kuthola iziqu emsebenzini, ukuze kuqinisekiswe imbuyiselo ekutshalweni kwezimali.
Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngalesi sihloko, sincoma isihloko Iyini ikhredithi ye-Corfo?lapho kuchazwa khona izici ezihlobene nalesi sihloko.
Isivakashi
Lolu hlobo lwezikweletu lukhule kakhulu kule minyaka edlule futhi lusetshenziswa kakhulu abantu abadala, ababeka isikhwama sabo sempesheni njengesibambiso. Nokho, amanye amazwe azama ukusebenzisa imithethonqubo ukuvimbela abantu ekusebenziseni ukonga kwabo kulolu hlobo lwekhredithi.
I-Agropecuario
Yizo zonke lezo zimali ezibolekiwe ezihloselwe ukuthuthukisa i-agro-industrial, zigxile ezindaweni ezehlukene zezolimo ezinganyusa ukukhiqizwa kwezinto ezahlukene. Baphinde bakhuthaze izinqubo zokuthuthukiswa kwezinkampani ezizinikele ekukhiqizeni ukudla kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamaphrojekthi alolu hlobo.
amakhredithi okukhokha
Izimali mboleko ezivamile, njengoba zibizwa kanjalo, ziyefana nezimali ezibolekiwe zomuntu siqu futhi zihlanganisa ukuthola inani lomholo ku-akhawunti yasebhange, ngakho inkampane inikezela ngale mali ngokweholo lomsebenzi.
Lezi zinhlobo zama-akhawunti zisetshenziselwa ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zesiqinisekiso uma isicelo semalimboleko yomuntu siqu neyendlu ebolekiwe. Ibhange lithatha njengethuluzi futhi lidonse izinkokhelo zekhredithi kulawo ma-akhawunti. Kuyisu lezikhungo zamabhange ukuqinisekisa imali ebolekiwe.
Izinzuzo
Phakathi kwezinzuzo esingabalula ukuthi zivumela ukufinyelela emananini emali noma ukuthengwa kwezinto ngokushesha, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuba nalawo manani kuma-akhawunti. Ngokunjalo, kuvumela ukuphromotha inqubomgomo yezikweletu ukufuna inhlalakahle yomuntu siqu neyomndeni.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungenzeka ukufinyelela izinsiza ebezingatholwa ngenye indlela, ukuze amakhredithi asize ukukhula kwabantu kanye nesikhuthazo kosomabhizinisi abasha; okubavumela ukuba babhekwe njengesidingo kuyo yonke imisebenzi yomphakathi wanamuhla.
Okubi
Isibopho sokukhokha izitolimende zesikhathi esithile senziwa, ngendlela efanayo amathuba okuvumelana nezimo kwamanye amazwe awekho, okungabangela ukuthi abanye abantu balahlekelwe yizimpahla ezitholiwe uma bengazikhokhi izitolimende ngesikhathi.
Izimo zisungulwa yibhange ngokwezidingo zalo, ngaleyo ndlela libe unilateral futhi amakhasimende kufanele azamukele ngendlela engavinjelwe. Ngokufanayo, izikweletu zihlala zikhona futhi kufanele zihambisane nenkokhelo ukuze kugwenywe unswinyo.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qc95fKCyrss