Amalulwane ayathakazelisa futhi, kubantu abaningi, izidalwa ezesabekayo, ngenxa yokuhlangana kwawo nama-vampires. Kodwa-ke, uzomangala ukwazi ukuthi amalulwane adlani futhi mhlawumbe uqonde ukuthi awadlali ngokuphelele. Sikumema ukuthi uqhubeke ufunda lesi sihloko lapho sethula khona ukuthi kunjani ukuphakelwa kwalezi zilwane.
Adlani amalulwane?
Ngenani elikhulu lezinhlobo zalokhu endizayo futhi ezimweni eziningi isilwane sasebusuku, ngokusho kocwaningo olwenziwa izinhlangano ezihlukahlukene, akufanele kusimangaze ukuthi amalulwane adla izinhlobo eziningi zokudla. Futhi bangabazingeli abahle kakhulu abangathola imisindo epholile kanye nokunyakaza okuncane. Adlani-ke amalulwane? Kodwa okokuqala, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi lesi sidalwa ngokuvamile sidla cishe 1/3 yesisindo somzimba waso ekudleni ngobusuku ngabunye.
idla izinambuzane
Ngokucabangela lesi sibalo esishiwo ngenhla, lokhu kungangeza ngokushesha izimbungulu eziningi. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi lezi zilwane zidla inani elikhulu lamathani amane ezinambuzane ngonyaka. Ngaphandle kwalezi zidalwa, inani lalezi zinambuzane beliyoba phezulu kakhulu. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezinambuzane ezidliwa amalulwane. Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi badla lezi ezisemoyeni kuphela. Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi izimbungulu zasemoyeni futhi lesi senzo singenzeka ngesivinini sokuhlanza esisheshayo.
Zivame ukusebenzisa imisila yazo ukuze zibambe inyamazane, bese ziyama bese ziqala ukuyidla. Zidla nezinye izinhlobo zezinambuzane ezihlala phansi futhi ngenxa yalokhu, amalulwane kufanele ehle azibambe. Futhi, kuvamile ukuba zihlale phansi isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukuze ziziqede bese ziqhubekela phambili futhi. Nokho, kukhona amalulwane angayisebenzisi imisila yawo ukuze aqoqe ukudla, ngakho okuwukuphela kwendlela esebenzayo esele iwukubamba inyamazane yawo ngamazinyo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyabonakala ukuthi indlela esetshenziswayo incike ohlotsheni oluthile lwelulwane okuxoxwa ngalo. Amalulwane amaningi adla izinambuzane futhi abizwa ngokuthi ama-insectivores. Futhi, kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi la malulwane athanda ukudla amabhungane, amabhu, omiyane nezinye izinambuzane. Isibonelo esilandelayo singanikezwa njengeqiniso elithakazelisayo okufanele licatshangelwe ngoba ilulwane elincane elinsundu lingadla izinambuzane ezilingana nomiyane ezingaba ngu-500 ngehora.
Yiziphi izithelo ezidliwa amalulwane?
Uma kukhulunywa ngamalulwane adla izithelo, gwema lawo anemibala egqamile noma anephunga elinamandla. Basebenzisa amazinyo ukuze babhoboze isithelo futhi bakhiphe ijusi kuso. Bayokhafula imbewu kanye ne-pulp yesithelo, futhi yile ndlela imbewu yesithelo evame ukusabalala ngayo. Amalulwane adla umpe wezimbali asebenzisa ulimi lwawo olude ukuze alufinyelele. Lezi zinhlobo zamalulwane zinengozi enkulu yokushabalala.
Ngokuvamile lokhu kubangelwa ukuthi bakuthola kunzima ukuthola ukudla okwengeziwe kunamalulwane, adla izinambuzane noma izithelo. Amalulwane athanda ukudla izithelo, imbewu, nempova yezimbali abizwa ngokuthi ama-frugivores. Ukudla akuthandayo amakhiwane, umango, amadethi nobhanana. Amanye ama-frugivores aziwa ngokuphuza amanzi anoshukela kuma-hummingbirds. Yiziphi ezinye izinhlobo zokudla ezidliwa amalulwane? Kukhona ezinye izinhlobo ezidla izinyoni, izinhlanzi, amaxoxo, izibankwa kanye nezinye zezinhlobo ezifanayo. Funda kabanzi ngezansi.
amalulwane amunca igazi
Kukhona nabadla igazi yingakho bebizwa ngezidalwa zezinganekwane. Kunezinhlobo ezi-3 kuphela zamalulwane ama-vampire, wonke ahlala eMelika Ephakathi naseNingizimu Melika. Futhi ungakhathazeki, abaliphuzi igazi lomuntu. Ngokuyinhloko bathola igazi ezinkomeni, ezimvini nasemahhashini. Ukuze bathole igazi, basika kancane esikhumbeni sesilwane esilele bese bemunca elinye igazi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, badinga kuphela amathisipuni amabili egazi ngosuku, okuyinani elincane kangangokuthi ngokuvamile inkomo noma imvu ayivuki ngisho nokuvuka ngesikhathi kwenzeka lokhu.
Zidla ziphi izinyama? amalulwane?
Inani elincane kakhulu lalezi zilwane ezindizayo ziyakwazi ukudla inyama yezinye izilwane ngakho-ke zaziwa njengezilwane ezidla inyama zalezi zilwane. Badla amaxoxo, izibankwa, izinyoni ezincane ngisho namalungu omndeni wabo. Inhlanzi iwukudla okuhle kakhulu kwalolu hlobo lwelulwane. Ilulwane le-vampire kuphela elidla igazi ukuze liphile. Abantu abaningi ababoni ukuthi ilulwane lidinga ukusebenzisa amanzi ukuze liphile. Abanye babo baze babe nokukhetha ukuphuza ngesikhathi besandiza.
Ukubaluleka kokuba lezi zidalwa zisondele
Amalulwane angezinye zezilwane ezinomusa, eziwusizo kakhulu futhi ezidingekayo emhlabeni. Bahlala cishe yonke indawo emhlabeni, ngaphandle kwezigxobo, ezibanda kakhulu. Nomaphi lapho behlala khona, babalulekile ekulinganiseni ukuphila, ukudla amathani ezinambuzane (kuhlanganise nomiyane, abathwala izifo ezinjengodenga nomalaleveva). Ukuze uthole umbono, ilulwane elibulala izinambuzane lingadla izinambuzane ezingafika ku-3000 ngobusuku obubodwa. Futhi, iqembu lingadla izinambuzane ezingaba ingxenye yesigidi ngobusuku ngabunye.
Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi izinyoni ezifana ne-hummingbird ziphonsa impova izimbali ngakho-ke lezi zilwane ezincelisayo nazo ziyi-pollinator enkulu, hhayi nje yezimbali, kodwa nezithelo nezihlahla, ngaphandle kwalokho, ngaphandle kwazo besingenakudla ubhanana, ama-cashews, umango nezinye izithelo eziningi. Ukuhlola okuningana kubonisa ukuthi ukube bekunjalo, amahlathi amaningi asezindaweni ezishisayo abeyonyamalala. Ezindaweni ezifana neFlorida, abantu abafunde izinzuzo zokuba namalulwane abulala izinambuzane ezizungeze babakhela izindawo zokukhosela. Nokho, sekunezinhlobo eziningi zamalulwane esezishabalala, njengoba eqedwa abantu abawathatha njengezinambuzane ngenxa yokuntuleka kolwazi.
Uhlelo lokuzwa ukuze uthole ukudla
Inqubo ye-echolocation yezinhlobo eziningi ivumela ukuthi zizwe ukunyakaza nokudlidliza eduze kwazo, yingakho lo msindo we-high-frequency uzisiza ukuthi zithole inyamazane yazo. Ngenxa yalokho, ngokuqinisekile banenzuzo ngaphezu kwezisulu zabo. Uma ibanga umsindo iba ne-echo, futhi kuye ngokuthi izwa kanjani i-echo, yazi kahle ukuthi ikuphi inyamazane yayo. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi iyakwazi ukuthola futhi ibambe inyamazane ngisho nasebumnyameni obuphelele. Aphinde abe nomlomo wamazinyo amancane abukhali ngokwedlulele futhi asetshenziselwa ukubamba inyamazane.
Uma usithandile lesi sihloko mayelana nokuthi amalulwane adlani futhi ufuna ukufunda okwengeziwe ngezinye izihloko ezithakazelisayo, ungabheka izixhumanisi ezilandelayo: