Phantse iindidi ezingama-300 zofudo zaziwa, kunye nofudo lwamanzi acwengileyo ngabona luninzi ehlabathini. Ufudo lwamanzi lolunye lweentlobo ezinobukho obukhulu kumakhaya ethu, ekubeni ukubonakala kwayo okumangalisayo, ukunyakaza kwayo okungaqhelekanga kunye nokucotha kunye nomoya wayo onokuthula kuyenza ibe sisilwanyana esixabiswa kakhulu, esilungele abancinci endlwini. Fumana okuninzi malunga noFudo lwamanzi ngezantsi.
Iimpawu zeeFudo zamanzi
Ufudo okanye ufudo ziintlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo eziye zaqhelana nokuphila elwandle nasemhlabeni. Eyona nto ibalaseleyo ngumzimba wayo obanzi nomfutshane, okhuselwe ngaphandle liqokobhe eliqinileyo leconvex. Esi sikrweqe sincanyathiselwe kumqolo wakhe kwaye senza inxalenye yamathambo akhe. Malunga neentlobo ezingama-356 zofudo zaziwa kulo lonke iplanethi, zombini ukusuka emhlabeni (ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica) nakumanzi olwandle okanye amatsha.
Kuzo zonke, ezona ziqatshelweyo ngamafudo amakhulu azalelwa kwiZiqithi zaseGalapagos, ezaziyinxalenye yezifundo ezenziwa yiNgesi yendalo uCharles Darwin xa wayedlula e-Ecuador. Nangona bekungekho zininzi iintlobo zeefudo ngexesha lokuziphendukela kwemvelo, namhlanje zihluke kakhulu, ezibonakaliswa kuyilo lweegobolondo zazo, imibala yazo, imilenze yazo okanye ukubonakala kweentloko zazo.
Ufudo luhlala luhlelwa ngokwendawo yokuhlala apho baye baqhelana nembono yendaleko. Banemilenze ezinzileyo yokuma phezu kwayo, ukucotha kwemetabolism kunye nemizimba ehlangeneyo, engqukuva, ebavumela ukuba bahlale kwiqokobhe labo ngokuchasene naso nasiphi na isoyikiso. Ezinye ziye zafuywa ekhaya kwaye zisebenza njengezilwanyana zasekhaya ebantwini, nangona zizilwanyana ezicothayo, ezinegazi elibandayo nezinobuntu obukruqulayo.
Ukutya
Ufudo alunamazinyo kodwa lunomlomo oqinileyo. Ukutya kwabo ngokusisiseko kuyi-omnivorous. Amazwe atya imifuno ngokuyintloko, kuba atya amagqabi, iziqu, iintyatyambo, umngundo kunye neziqhamo, kodwa kunye nemisundululu kunye nezinambuzane. Ezaselwandle zitya i-algae, iikorale, iimolluscs okanye iiporifera. Ukungabi namazinyo kubenza bangakwazi ukubambelela kwixhoba okanye ukukrazula inyama yalo ngamandla.
Indawo yokuhlala
Oofudo baye bahlala kwindawo yokuhlala esemhlabeni naleyo yaselwandle namanzi amatsha. Iintlobo eziye zaqhelana nemozulu eyomileyo kunye nentlango zingafumaneka, zinyamezela ubunzima bemekobume njengetanki. Zikwanokufunyanwa phantsi kolwandle okanye kunxweme lwamachibi nemilambo, apho ziphila ubomi obuphilwa ngamanzi.
Ukuveliswa kwakhona
Iimfudo, njengazo zonke izilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo, zi-oviparous, oko kukuthi, zibeka amaqanda. Ukuchumisa kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwemazi, ethi inkunzi inyuke ithatha ithuba lenkangeleko yesisu sayo. Emva koko, imazi yemba indlwane apho ibeka khona amaqanda ayo, ize iwagqume ukuze angenelwe kubushushu. Oofudo baselwandle bahamba amakhulu eekhilomitha belandela iipateni zokufuduka ezintsonkothileyo ukuze bafumane amalwandle apho banokubeka khona amaqanda abo. Kula maqanda aqandusela amantshontsho afuna amanzi ngokwethuku.
Isiko
Zizidalwa ezinegazi elibandayo, ezisebenzisa ilanga ukufudumeza imizimba yazo, ngoko ke zidla ngokudibana nalo ixesha elide. Kwimozulu enemozulu epholileyo, amafudo alala phantsi ebalekela ingqele, okanye afudukele kweminye imimandla xa kusenziwa ufudo lwaselwandle. Ngokuthe gqolo ukuma kwayo kukwimo epholileyo, ingenzi nto, inamandla okulwa, ikhetha ukuzifihla kwiqokobhe layo ukubaleka naluphi na uhlobo lohlaselo.
Ukunyamekela iifudo zamanzi
Ufudo lwamanzi sesinye sezilwanyana zasekhaya ezithandwayo, ngakumbi phakathi kwabantwana, icandelo apho baye baziwa kakhulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba nofudo njengesilwanyana sasekhaya, nangona abazali benayo njengokhetho lokuqala kubantwana babo kuba kulula ukunyamekela nokwenza abancinci banoxanduva. Kuzo zonke ezi zizathu siye sagqiba ekubeni sihlomle ngokukhathalelwa kwamafudo asemanzini.
ITanki yeentlanzi okanye iTerrarium
Ufudo kufuneka lube nendawo yalo yokuhlala okanye indawo engqongileyo, enokuthi ibe yitanki yentlanzi okanye i-terrarium, ekufuneka ihlangabezane nezi mfuno zilandelayo:
- Idama elinzulu ngokwaneleyo ukuze baqubhe ngoxolo ngaphandle kokungqubana nohombiso onalo ekhaya
- Icandelo elomileyo eliphezu komgangatho wamanzi apho i-turtle ibonakaliswe elangeni kwaye ivumela ukuba yome kunye nokuphumla.
Imilinganiselo ye-terrarium ye-turtle yamanzi kufuneka ifaneleke ukuba isidalwa sibhukude ngaphandle kweengxaki, sikwazi ukuba nobukhulu obudlula amaxesha ama-3 ukuya kwe-4 ubude be-turtle efanayo. I-terrarium enkulu, iimeko ezingcono zokuphila ziya kuba nazo.
Ukongeza, ukuze ufudo lungabi naso nasiphi na isifo ngenxa yokunqongophala kococeko, kufuneka ugcine amanzi ecocekile kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ukhuphe kwaye ugcwalise i-aquarium veki nganye. Unokwenza isigqibo sokuthenga inkqubo yokucoca kwaye ulibale ngokucoca amanzi. Unokongeza izixhobo kwi-terrarium yakho njengemithi yesundu, iinqaba okanye izityalo zeplastiki kwaye wenze indawo yokuqala kunye neyodwa.
Ubushushu kunye nokukhanya kwelanga
Indawo yokuhlala yofudo ibaluleke kakhulu ukuze ingaguli, kuba oku kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba:
- Ubushushu bamanzi kufuneka bufudumale, ukusuka malunga ne-26ºC ukuya kwi-30ºC, kwaye njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili kwicandelo elomileyo le-aquarium okanye kwi-terrarium, imitha yelanga kufuneka ikwazi ukufikelela kuyo ukuze ufudo lome kwaye lugcine amathambo alo. kwaye iqokobhe lisempilweni. Kuyafaneleka ukuba ubushushu bamanzi abuhlukanga kakhulu ngenxa yefuthe lobushushu bendalo, ekubeni utshintsho olukhawulezileyo alunanzuzo kwi-turtle. Akufanele bavunyelwe ukumelana namaqondo okushisa angaphantsi kwe-5 degrees okanye ngaphezulu kwe-40, kwaye akufanele babekwe kwiindawo apho kukho iidrafti.
- Kufuneka babe sesichengeni sokukhanya kwelanga. Ukuba awukwazi ukufumana indawo efanelekileyo ukuze indawo ifumane ukukhanya kwelanga, unokukhetha ukufumana isibane esixelisa umphumo waso kwaye sibhekiswe kwizinto ezithile okanye icandelo lomhlaba owomileyo kwi-terrarium.
Batya ntoni?
Unokufumana uhlobo oluthile lokutya okuqhelekileyo kwesi sidalwa nakweyiphi na ivenkile yezilwanyana, eyaneleyo ekutyeni kwayo. Unako kwakhona ukutshintsha indlela abatya ngayo ngokuzisa okunye ukutya okunje ngentlanzi ekrwada enamafutha amancinci, imifuno, iqakamba, imibungu kunye nezinambuzane ezincinci. Ukuba ufuna ukubonelela nangakuphi na koku kutya, qala ufune iingcebiso kwingcali. Ukuba uyaqaphela ukuba uyayithanda intlanzi ekrwada kodwa ayihambelani nokutya okufumana ezivenkileni, zidibanise zombini uze uzame ukumqhelanisa nazo.
IiTurtles kufuneka zondliwe ngokweminyaka yazo: ukuba zincinci ziya kondliwa kanye kuphela ngosuku kwaye ezinkulu kathathu ngeveki, rhoqo ngokuhambelana noko kuboniswe kwipakethe yemveliso. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba kuya kufuneka ukususe konke ukutya okuseleyo kwi-terrarium ukukhusela ukuba kungcoliseke kakhulu.
Izifo ezininzi eziqhelekileyo
Uninzi lwe-pathologies ye-turtles yamanzi ngenxa yokungazi kakuhle iimfuno zabo ezisisiseko, ezifana, umzekelo, igalelo lokukhanya kwelanga kwindawo yabo yokuhlala okanye ukutya okungafanelekanga. Kwimeko yokugula kwaye unabanye kwi-aquarium, kufuneka wahlule lowo ugulayo kwabanye amaqabane, ubuncinci inyanga okanye de ubone ukuba upholile.
Ulusu
Ukuba ufudo lunezilonda esikhumbeni salo, dibana nogqirha wezilwanyana ukuze amisele ikhilimu yokuyiphilisa. Baya kuhlala beyi-ointments kunye ne-antibiotics e-soluble yamanzi efaka isandla ekuphiliseni kwaye ayinabungozi. Ukuba linxeba elivulekileyo, kufuneka uzishiye ngaphakathi ukuze uthintele iimpukane ukuba zingazaleli amaqanda kuzo.
Igobolondo
Xa iqokobhe lithamba ngenxa yokungabikho kwekhalsiyam kunye nokukhanya. Ngamanye amaxesha amabala amancinci angaboniswa kuwo. Kunconywa ukwandisa ukukhanya kwelanga. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuchithwa kwegobolondo kubangelwa ubukho be-chlorine emanzini okanye ukungabikho kwamavithamini. Uluhlu olumhlophe kwiqokobhe lubangelwa yifungi evela ngenxa yokufuma okugqithisileyo okanye ukungabikho kokukhanya. Ukuthintela, phosa i-1/4 yekomityi yetyuwa kwiilitha ezili-19 zamanzi. Ukuba isilwanyana sele sinefungus, sebenzisa iyeza le-antifungal elinokuthatha ukuya kutsho kunyaka ukuphilisa.
Amehlo
Usulelo lwamehlo lukwayingxaki rhoqo kwiifudo, ezinokuqatshelwa xa zigcina amehlo evaliwe ixesha elide. Kungenxa yokunqongophala kwevithamin A okanye ukungacoceki kwindawo yokuhlala. Yongeza iivithamini ekudleni kwakho.
Ukuphefumla
Ukuba siqaphela ukuba i-turtle ikhupha i-mucus ukusuka empumlweni, iphefumla ngomlomo wayo evulekile kwaye ibonisa umsebenzi omncinci, kufuneka sisuse i-terrarium yayo kwindawo engenazo ii-currents kwaye inyuse ubushushu bayo kwi-25ºC.
Ukwetyisa
Ukuqunjelwa kofudo kubangelwa kukutya esikunika kona. Ukuba unqongophele iivithamini kunye nefiber, uya kuba sengozini kule ngxaki. Beka i-turtle kwisitya samanzi afudumele kwaye utshintshe ukutya kwayo. Urhudo lubangelwa kukugqithisa kweziqhamo, i-lettuce okanye ukutyiwa kokutya kwimeko embi. Izisombululo ezinokwenzeka kukubonelela ngokutya okuncinci kwe-hydrated kunye namanzi acocekileyo.
Ixhala okanye Uxinzelelo
Ukuba ubona ukungazinzi kwindlela aziphatha ngayo, shenxisela ufudo kwindawo ezolileyo ukuze amajoni akhe omzimba angonzakali.
Ukugcinwa kweqanda
Oku kwenzeka xa beqhekeza ngaphakathi kwi-turtle, ebangelwa ukungabikho kwamavithamini okanye ukusilela kwezondlo, ubudala, njl. Kufuneka isiwe kwingcali ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufudo lunokubhubha.
Iprolapse
Eli ligama elinikwe into yokuba inkqubo yakho yokuzala isuka kumngxuma wayo wendalo. Ihlala izizisa kwakhona okanye ngoncedo, kodwa ukuba iprolapse ibangelwa ukuluma okanye ukukrazula kunokufuna ukunqunyulwa.
Amanye amanqaku esiwacebisayo ngawo ngala: