Olu hlobo lwenja lumangalisayo lwahlukile ngokuba nesakhiwo esomeleleyo kwaye esomeleleyo, zizinja eziye zadlula kwiinguqu ezininzi zendaleko kule minyaka idlulileyo, ezenze ukuba zilungelelanise iimpawu zazo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kungoko sisithi ziyintoni zonke. i iintlobo ze-mastiff.
Imvelaphi yeMastiff
Olu hlobo lwenja lunemvelaphi yakudala kakhulu, ngoko ngenxa yokufuywa kwayo ngabantu, luye lwafudukela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi, yiyo loo nto iyantlukwano yayo enkulu. Eyona rekhodi indala yobukho bayo isuka kwiminyaka eyi-4.000 eyadlulayo, kwimimandla yaseAsia, ukuya kuthi kamva ibe yinxalenye yeYurophu kunye neNgesi kunye namakholoni.
Kwiinkulungwane ezidlulileyo, yayiyenye yeentlobo zenja ezithandwayo kumntu, zazisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zobomi, ezifana nomsebenzi, zaziyinxalenye yohambo oluninzi lokufumanisa imimandla emitsha yehlabathi, zazikwayinxalenye yemiboniso ehambelanayo. ukuzonwabisa, njengesekisi kunye nemilo yezilwanyana, nangona kukho ingxelo yegalelo labo kumadabi kunye neemfazwe zamandulo.
Konke oku kwakunokwenzeka ngenxa yolwakhiwo olukhulu lomzimba, oluye lwazibeka ngaphezu kwezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana, kwaye lwabenza baba yinkampani engakholelekiyo kuzo zonke iintlobo zabantu kunye neentsapho, abathi, beneendidi ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, bakwazi ukuziqhelanisa neentlobo zazo ezahlukeneyo. ubuntu kwizinto ezithandwa ngumntu ngamnye.
Iimpawu zeeNdidi zeMastiff
Abaninzi bacinga ukuba ichanekile ukuba jikelele ngezi ntlobo zezinja, ukuba ngenxa yokuba zonke zinemvelaphi efanayo, ngoko ke kufuneka zonke zifane, kodwa le mbono ikude nenyani, inyaniso kukuba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeMastiff zizodwa kwaye ayinakuthelekiswa nanto.
Nangona kuyinyaniso ukuba zonke iintlobo ze-mastiff babelana ngeempawu zomzimba ezininzi kwaye banethuku elifanayo lokukhusela kunye nomlondolozi, kodwa oko yinxalenye encinci yokuba ngubani ngokwenene. IMastiffs yomelele kwaye iyanyanzelisa, kodwa loo nto ayibenzi babe ndlongondlongo okanye ibe yingozi, enyanisweni konke kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lokuzala abanalo kunye nendlela abaqeqeshwa ngayo, kodwa uninzi lwabo lujika lube mbuna kakhulu.
Zizinja ezilumkileyo, zinethuku elikhuselayo kodwa zilumke kakhulu, azidli ngokuhlasela nabani na, enyanisweni ezinye azikwazi kufikelela kobu bunzima, zinokuziphatha okukrokrisayo kuphela nangasiphi na isimo sengqondo esikrokrisayo somntu ngaphandle kwabo. isangqa sosapho kunye nabantu abasondeleyo.
Abafuni ukukhonkotha kakhulu yiyo loo nto bengangxoli kakhulu, banamathele kakhulu kwindawo ehlala kuyo usapho lwabo, bathanda ukufuna ukuhoywa kakhulu kodwa hayi ngendlela enobundlobongela okanye ecaphukisayo, baziva bezolile nje ngokuba bekhatshwa ngabantu abadala, abantu abadala okanye abantwana, abancinci kwaye bazive bemkelekile kwindawo efudumeleyo.
Banomonde kunye nokunyamezelana nabantwana, kodwa akucebisi ngokupheleleyo ukubashiya bodwa kunye neentsana ezincinci kakhulu, oku kungenxa yokuba ubungakanani babo obukhulu bunokuba yingozi kakhulu ekuchaseni umntwana ngokomzimba.
Zingaphi iindidi zeMastiff ezikhoyo?
Olu luhlobo olunolwahlulo olukhulu ngokweentlanga, kuba ngoku, zininzi iintlobo ze-mastiff eziphuma kwimvelaphi yazo yendalo, mhlawumbi kungezenzo zendalo okanye ngenxa yomntu.
Okwangoku zi-8 kuphela iintlobo zemastiff Ziye zamkelwa ngokusemthethweni, nangona zininzi ezinye iintsapho eziphuma kuzo, kodwa aziqatshelwa kwaye ezinye azibhaliswanga nokubhaliswa, nangona oku kuqhelekile xa kuqwalaselwa zonke iintlanga zolu hlobo lukhoyo.
Nangona zonke iintlobo ze-Mastiff zineempawu ezifanayo kakhulu, ezifana nobukhulu bazo obukhulu kunye nesakhiwo, inyaniso kukuba akulunganga ukuthelekisa enye kwenye, kuba zonke iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zineempawu ezikhethekileyo ezizahlula omnye komnye. kwaye uqale ngokubanzi malunga nomlingiswa wolu hlobo, yenza kuphela umbono jikelele uvale kwaye awukwazi ukusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo zonke iimpawu ezizodwa.
Iintlobo zeMastiff ezisemthethweni
Nazi iindidi ezisi-8 zeMastiff ezivunywe ngokusemthethweni yi-International Cinological Federation:
Isitshisi seNeapolitan
Es Isitshisi seNeapolitan Kumele ukuba lolona hlobo lubalaseleyo noludumileyo lweMastiffs, kuba yamkelwa kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye nangona kukho irekhodi yobukho bayo ngenkulungwane yokuqala, yayikwi-40s kuphela kwisixeko sase-Italiya esaziwa ngokuba yiNaples, apho yayikhona. ibhaliswe ngokusemthethweni imveliso yabo, enkosi kule ndawo kukuba banikwe igama labo.
Zinobunzima obuziikhilogram ezingama-50 ukuya kwi-70, zibe noboya obufutshane kwaye, njengezinye iintlobo, zibe nomzimba oqinileyo ohamba nomsila omkhulu. Ekuqaleni zazisetyenziswa njengezinja zomhlambi, kodwa namhlanje zijongwa njengezinja zonogada ngenxa yokuthembeka nokukhathalela abaninizo.
Zizinja eziqhelile kakhulu, kodwa zivame ukuba nzima ukuqeqesha, ngoko ke kucetyiswa ukuba zamkelwe kwimeko apho umniniyo sele enamava angaphambili ekuqeqesheni ii-canines, okanye uncedo lwengcali eqeqeshiweyo isetyenzisiweyo.
i-mastiff yaseItali
Le Mastiff yinzala yeMastiff yaseRoma, ikwabizwa ngokuba yiCane Corso, njengaleyo yangaphambili, yayisetyenziswa ikakhulu kukhathalelo lwemihlambi. Banesakhiwo esiphakathi kunye nesincinci esincinci xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zeMastiff, ngokumangalisayo ukuba zezohlobo olusulungekileyo nolwahlukileyo.
Uboya babo bubengezela kakhulu kwaye bumnyama bubomvu, zizinja ezidlamkileyo zisebancinci, ngeli xesha zinesimilo esisebenzayo kunezinye iiMastiffs, kodwa njengoko zikhula zithatha isimo sengqondo esilumkileyo nesingenzi nto.
Bathanda ukuhoywa kwaye babonise uthando ngendlela ephakathi, babakrokrela kakhulu abantu abangabaziyo kwaye abazithandi izilwanyana ezincinci, kwaye badla ngokunxulumana kakhulu nezinye iintlobo, kodwa abatyekelanga ekubeni ndlongondlongo kwizinja ezinobude obufanayo. .
I-mastiff yesiNgesi
Ikwabizwa ngokuba yiMastiff kwintsimi yaseBritane, yenye yezona ntlobo zindala zeMastiff kunye nezona zirekhodiweyo kwimbali yoluntu, ngokutsho kwemibhalo, le nja ihambe iindawo ezininzi zehlabathi, iqala kumazwe aseYurophu, ukuya kuthi ga kamva. zitshintshelwe kwimimandla emininzi yaseAfrika naseMelika.
Kwakukho ixesha apho yayigqalwa njengengasekhoyo eUnited Kingdom, kodwa ngenxa yeekopi zayo ezazikwimimandla eyahlukahlukeneyo yehlabathi, lo mmandla wawunokuphinda ube nabemi. I I-mastiff yesiNgesi Ibinotshintsho oluninzi kwiinkulungwane, kuba ekuqaleni yayizoyikeka kwaye inyanzelise izinja zemfazwe, kodwa namhlanje zizinja ezinomlinganiswa ozolileyo nozolileyo.
Zezona Mastiffs zikhulu ezikhoyo, zinokufikelela kwi-85 yeesentimitha ubude kwaye zithande ukudlula i-100 yeekhilogram ubunzima, nto leyo ebenza babe ngumzekelo owoyikekayo. Bazi izinja ezineenwele ezimfutshane kwaye irhabaxa, umbala woboya bayo bumdaka ngokukhanyayo, nangona iindlebe zayo kunye nekhala zimnyama okanye zimnyama.
Mastiff waseSpain
ISpanish okanye iLeonese Mastiff isuka kwingingqi esentshona yeSpain, nangona kukho imiqondiso yokuba ezi zinja zasuswa kwingingqi yaseAsia ngabarhwebi. Lo mzekelo wawukwakholelwa ukuba uphelile kwilizwe laseYurophu emva kwemfazwe enobundlobongela kakhulu, kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha yakwazi ukuphinda iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde yenzeke, kude kube namhlanje kukho amawaka eesampuli kulo mmandla kuphela.
Ubungakanani boboya babo bunokwahluka kakhulu, banamehlo amancinci kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo, umzimba wabo unento eyahlukileyo yeLeonese Mastiff kwaye kukuba ulusu luxhoma, nangona ulusu alubonakali ludlula, ngoko ke zinokukhawuleza kwaye zikhawuleze.
Mandulo, lo yayingowona mzekelo uthandwayo wabalusi ababegada umhlambi, ekubeni ngenxa yobuninzi bolusu oluhlala lujinga ezintanyeni zabo, babenethuba elingcono lokuphuma bengoyiswanga kungquzulwano nxamnye neengcuka.
Mastiff waseTibet
Olu hlobo ludala kakhulu, kangangokuba lusukela kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-5.000 kwaye luvela kwingingqi yaseTibet. Kumaxesha amandulo babesetyenziselwa imisebenzi emininzi, babengabagcini beelali kwaye behamba nabemi bommandla, bade basebenze njengabagcini kwiitempile ezinkulu, behamba neemonki kumsebenzi wabo wemihla ngemihla. Okwangoku ziyimizekelo egqibeleleyo yokhuphiswano kunye nomboniso.
yakhe Izinja ezizolileyo kwaye ubukhulu bayo buphakathi xa kuthelekiswa nezinye i-mastiffs ezinokulinganisa, zikhusela kakhulu kwaye ziyasebenza, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kunye nomlingiswa wolu hlobo, kuba banokuqwalasela ukuba nasiphi na isenzo esiphuthumayo sisoyikiso okanye isenzo esiyingozi, sithatha ngokukhawuleza isimo sengqondo ndlongo.
Zinoboya obude kakhulu kunye nobukhulu, umzimba wabo ugutyungelwe ngamacandelo amabini kwaye ubuninzi kakhulu kwindawo yentamo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ulungelelanisa ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha kunye nommandla apho zifumaneka khona.
I-Pyrenean Mastiff
Kanye njengokuba iLeonese Mastiff isuka eSpain, ayizozinja ezithanda ukwenza umthambo omninzi okanye imithambo, kodwa zithanda ukuphuma ngaphandle, ngoko ke kungcono ukuzikhupha zihambe zihamba. Bangaphezu kokuba kwindawo ebandayo, nangona bekwiimeko ezifanelekileyo, banokuziqhelanisa ngokulula neendawo ezishushu.
Zizinja ezifuna ingqalelo eninzi, kungekhona kuphela kwintlalontle, kodwa zinenkathalo engqongqo kwaye ingqongqo, ekubeni kufuneka ziqeqeshwe kakuhle kakhulu ukuze zihlale kunye neentsapho, ngendlela efanayo kufuneka zihlanjwe rhoqo kwaye zihlanjwe. ukame. Ubumhlophe buhamba phambili kuboya babo, emva koko njengoko bekhula bufumana amabala amnyama, kwaye banomqolo ophindwe kabini.
Umzantsi afrika mastiff
Eyaziwa ngcono njenge Boerboel, olu hlobo lwenziwa ngenjongo yokuba zisebenze njengezinja zokulinda, kuba iyaziwa ukuba e-Afrika, i-fauna iyingozi kakhulu kwaye inobudlova, ngoko ke amafama ayedinga izinja ezinkulu kwaye ezinamandla ukuze zigxothe izilwanyana ezikhulu.
Nangona kunjalo, nangona ixesha elidlulileyo elinamandla ababenalo, banomlingani onothando kunye nolulamileyo kunye nesangqa sentsapho yabo, nangona nabo banommandla omkhulu, ngoko ke kuyacetyiswa ukuba yamkelwe ukuba umniniyo unamava ngoqeqesho.
Olu hlobo lwaziwa kancinci, kuba luxhaphake kakhulu kwimimandla yase-Afrika kwaye aluqhelekanga ukurhweba. Baneenwele ezimfutshane, ulusu lwabo luhlala lujinga kwiindawo ezithile zomzimba, kodwa hayi ngendlela ebaxiweyo, uboya babo bubumnyama kwaye bube mnyama, nabo bathanda ukumelana nobushushu obungcono kunabanye. iintlobo ze-mastiff, oku kubulela kwinto yokuba bakummandla oshushu.
UMalusi waseCaucasus
Kuze kube namhlanje, imvelaphi yayo ihlala iyimfihlakalo kwiingcali kulo mbandela, abanye bakholelwa ukuba ihla kwi-canine yohlobo oluvela eTibet, ngelixa abanye bacebisa ukuba ngokwenene bavela kwiingcuka ezazifuywa yimpucuko yabantu.
Zizinja ezinzima kakhulu kwaye uboya bazo bunzima, oku ngenjongo yokuziqhelanisa neendawo ezibandayo, njengezinye. iintlobo ze-mastiff, zizinja ezinokwakheka okunamandla kwaye zomelele, zinemilenze emikhulu kakhulu apho zikhula khona iinwele ezininzi.
Umlingiswa wolu didi akufuneki ungahoywa, bangama-mastiffs anesibindi kwaye alwayo, kwaye nangona ngokuqhelekileyo bengaziphathanga ngendlela enobudlova kunye nosapho lwabo, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo xa ujongene nabantu abangabaziyo, kuba i-mastiffs yaseCaucasian iyakrokra kakhulu. nasiphi na isimo sengqondo esikrokrisayo okanye esinobundlobongela, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba uqaphele kakhulu.
Iintlobo zeMastiff azivunywanga ngokusemthethweni
Zininzi iintlobo zemastiff ezingavunywanga ngokusemthethweni nayiphi na iKennel Club, ezi ntlobo zivela kwikhonkco phakathi kwezinja zezinye iintlobo kunye nenye ye-mastiffs, ngokuqhelekileyo kunye neentlobo ezinkulu. Kwelinye icala, kukho neentlobo ezininzi ezivela kwezi mastiffs ezingekho semthethweni, ngoko asifanele sithandabuze ukuba kukho izinja ezininzi kwihlabathi ezinemvelaphi yeMastiff.
I-Afghan Mastiff
Ezi zinja zinesipho esirhabaxa kakhulu, kuba zinokusebenza njengabagadi kunye nabagadi, kodwa abemi bommandla wase-Afghanistan bazisebenzisa njengezinja zokulwa, ezi ziyinxalenye yengxabano phakathi kwamadoda esonjululwe kungquzulwano olundlongondlongo oluphela xa amaqela amabini abulawa okanye enzakele kakhulu.
Njengoko zikhethwa ngolu hlobo lwesiganeko, ke ezi mastiffs zizalwa ngendlela ekhohlakeleyo kunye nendlongondlongo, ngoko yonke inzala yabo ijika ibe yindlela efanayo. Baphakathi ngobukhulu kunye noboya babo buninzi, bathatha umbala obomvu okanye umbala we-chestnut.
Adronicus Mastiff
Luhlobo lomyili olunemvelaphi yaseCalifornia (eUnited States), kude kube ngoku ayaziwa ukuba zeziphi iintlobo ezichaphazela indalo yayo, kodwa kukholelwa ukuba i-genetics ye-Mastiff yenye kuphela phakathi kweentlobo ezininzi ezisetyenziswayo. Banesimilo esithobelayo ngokugqithisileyo, njengokuba bemnandi kwaye bezinikele kuwo onke amalungu osapho.
Ezi zinja zithengiswa kakhulu eNyakatho Melika, zifikelela kwixabiso le-2.500 yeedola, nangona kunjalo, kuthengiswa kuphela imizekelo yamadoda, ekubeni iimazi zisetyenziselwa kuphela ukuzala kweentlobo.
imastiff cashmere
Olu hlobo lunemvelaphi eIndiya, njengenye iintlobo ze-mastiff zisetyenziswe njengezinja zokugada kunye nabagcini bemfuyo, zineengubo ezinde kwaye ezintle, ezibanceda ukuba banakekele indawo ebandayo kwaye banamathoni akhanyayo kunye namabala amnyama.
I-Bullmastiff
Olu hlobo ngokukodwa aluthathwa njengeMastiff, nangona luvela kumanyano phakathi kwe-English Mastiff kunye ne-bulldog, eyathi ngokuhamba kwexesha yakwazi ukuzala kunye nokwenza iintlobo zayo, nangona ingaqatshelwa ngokusemthethweni.
Okumangalisayo kukuba, le nja ayidli ngokuba nzima njengenye iintlobo zemastiffNangona kunjalo, banesakhiwo esomeleleyo kunye nemisipha, ngelixa uboya babo bunokwahluka kakhulu ngokwemibala kunye neethoni. Zizilwanyana zasekhaya ezimangalisayo, zinesimo sengqondo esihloniphekileyo nesinothando, ngaphezu kokusebenza kunye namandla.
