Los iintlobo zolwazi Baneempawu ezibenza bahluke. Ngamnye kubo zisekelwe kwindawo kwaye ziqwalasela iingongoma ezahlukeneyo ezivumela ukuba bafumane ulwazi, nto leyo ayifani kuzo zonke iimeko, uthe ulwazi luya kuchazwa kweli nqaku.
Ukuqonda kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zobomi
Iintlobo zolwazi
Ulwazi lubhekiselele ekubeni nolwazi oluninzi ngesihloko okanye ezahlukeneyo, ezihlala zizalana, kuyenzeka ukwazi ngokusuka kwiingcinga kunye namava ayimiba ebalulekileyo yokufunda. Ikhokelela ekubeni ukwazi ukutolika iingongoma ezahlukahlukeneyo eziye zamiselwa ebomini nendlela eyiyo indlela echanileyo yokwenza, kuquka ukuqwalasela ukwenza izigqibo nokunye.
Kubalulekile ukwazi zeziphi iintlobo zolwazi, ezi zihlelwa ngokolwazi esele lunalo okanye ezo zifunyenwe ngokufunda, nganye kuzo ibalaselisa iimpawu ezahlukeneyo kodwa ngendlela efanayo kukho imiba enxulumene nazo, ngoko ke, kuyafuneka ukuba nolwazi ngazo. ukuze bahlule.
Kukho ulwazi oluninzi umntu anokulufumana njengoko ixesha lihamba, kumava, ukufunda nokunye. Oku kuvumela umthamo omkhulu ukuba uphuhliswe, ukuba ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi ngayo sicebisa ukufunda malunga ubuchule bengqondo
Ifilosofi
Xa kucingwa ngezibakala zokwenyani, kwingongoma nganye eyenzeka kubomi bemihla ngemihla, zigqalwa njengesifundo esifunyenwe kumava kwakunye nokuba zisenokuba zisuka kumbono wento ethile evumela ukwazi loo nkcazelo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, olu lwazi alunikezelwa ngamava omntu, kodwa ngamanqaku okuqwalasela kunye nokucamngca.
Ngoko, ngokusuka kolo lwazi, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zobuchule okanye iindlela zinokusetyenziswa ekuhambeni kwexesha, nto leyo eya kukhokelela ekubeni nolwazi lwenzululwazi. Enye yeenkalo ezithe yagxininiswa ngolu lwazi kukuba ziphuma kweyazo ingcinga, kodwa kwachazwa ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuba kugxininiswe kumxholo othile ngenzululwazi.
Ezobungqina
Zilulwazi olufunyanwa ngokubonwa ngokuthe ngqo, okuthetha ukuba banikwa ngamava abo. Ngokubanzi, kwezi ntlobo zolwazi, indlela yokufumana ulwazi ayifuneki, kukujongwa kuphela kweembalasane. Nangona kunjalo, kuye kwavezwa ukuba oku kufunda akuchanekanga ngokwenene, kuba ukubona okungqongileyo kukwanxibelelanisa neengcamango ezahlukeneyo okanye iinkolelo esele zikho.
Okoko nje kukho ezinye izinto engqondweni eziphembelela ngokuthe ngqo ulwazi olufunyenweyo, ke into eyahlukileyo inokuthi yenzeke leyo ilungisa ulwazi oluza kufunyanwa.
Inzululwazi
Olu lwazi lufana nenqaku langaphambili, ukuqala kwesi sifundo kusekelwe kwinto enokuthi ibonwe kwaye kwakhona kwizinto ezinokubonakaliswa, ngoko ke, phakathi kwemiba ebalaseleyo yolu lwazi kufunyanwa, imfuneko yokuthatha Uhlalutyo lwenziwa ngoko. ukuba ngamnye unokuqinisekiswa ngendlela efanelekileyo, nokuba kungomfuniselo okanye akunjalo. Le yingongoma eyimfuneko ukuze isigqibo ekufikelelwe kuso sigqalwe sifanelekile.
Isici esibonakalayo kule meko kukuba ukugxeka okanye igalelo lolwazi livunyelwe ukwenzela ukuba izigqibo zilungiswe okanye zitshintshwe ngendlela echanekileyo kwaye inqaku elithembekileyo linokufikelelwa kwaye libonakaliswe ngokwaneleyo. Njengoko ixesha lihamba, ulwazi lwenzululwazi luye lwasekwa ukususela kwiminyaka eyadlulayo isayensi yayingekho.
Intsingiselo
Kukufunyaniswa kolwazi ngendlela engekho ngqondweni, oku kubonakaliswa ngokunxulumanisa iziganeko ezahlukeneyo. Kule nto, kugxininiswe ukuba akukho luhlobo lolwazi olusekiweyo okanye olunokuthi lubonakaliswe ukwenzela ukuba ukuveliswa kwezi ngcamango njengoko kufundwa kuqhutywe kwaye, ukongeza, kulo mzekelo akuyimfuneko ukuba ziqinisekiswe, ziqinisekisiwe. iphawulwe ngamava, ukuyila, imibono, nokunye.
Ezonqulo
Lulwazi olubonakaliswa ngabantu ngohlobo oluthile lwenkolelo okanye ngokokholo lwabo olusekelwe kuko, inkalo nganye okanye inkalo ethatyathwe njengeyokwenene. Kwezi meko aziboniswa okanye zingqinisiswe, ekubeni olu lwazi lungenakuthintelwa kukubonwa okuthile okanye ngokumisela izigxeko ezithile. Unikwe ngokusondeleyo umntu, ukusuka kwinto afuna ukuyikholelwa kunye noko afuna ukusekela ukufunda kwakhe ngokubanzi.
Nangona kunjalo, ukubaluleka kunikwa ithuba lokuba ngumntu ogxekayo kunye nokuseka iingongoma ezahlukeneyo zabo, ezinokukhokelela kulawulo, kodwa oku kubangelwa inxalenye yeengcamango zomntu okholwayo. Olu hlobo lolwazi alufunyanwa ngolunye uhlobo lomgudu, lugqithiso umntu analo.
Ukuvakalisa
Ukwamkelwa kolwazi oluvela kulwazi lwethiyori olusele lusekiwe kwaye ngendlela yobuqu lunokubonakaliswa njengengcamango okanye njengesiphakamiso, kunye nezinye iintlobo zolwazi. Oku akufanele kuqinisekiswe, kuba umntu unokusekwa ngokubonakalisa kunye nokucacisa ulwazi.
ngokwenkqubo
Lulwazi olufunyanwa buqu ngamava, asekelwe kwindawo yomntu yobungcali kwakunye nemisebenzi yakhe yemihla ngemihla. Olu hlobo lolwazi lukwabizwa ngokuba yi-tacit, ebonakaliswa ngokungabonakaliswa ngomlomo kodwa kunokuba ibonakaliswe kwizenzo ezenziwa ngexesha, ezivumela umntu ukuba aphuhlise kwaye akwazi ukwandisa amandla akhe.
Ngqo
Ezi zinikwa ngokuba namava anxulumene nesiqalelo esibonelela ngolwazi, ngoko oku kufunda kufunyanwa ngokuthe ngqo kwaye ngaphandle kokuthatha inxaxheba kwezinye izinto okanye abantu, ngoko ke akusekelwanga ekutolikweni abanye abangakuchaza.
Ngqo
Iingongoma ezahlukeneyo zolwazi zinikiwe ezibonelela ngolwazi ngaphandle kwesidingo sokunxulumana neyona nto iphambili yomthengisi. Ukuqonda olu lwazi kuyimfuneko ukugqamisa umzekelo; xa efunda incwadi, umntu ufumana ulwazi olungangqalanga ngombandela othile.
Isengqiqweni
Ukwenza izigqibo ezisekelwe kwiingongoma ezifundisayo ezilandela imigaqo ethile, esekelwe kwingqiqo enokuqondwa ngokulula ngumntu. Ngokomzekelo, xa kunetha, umhlaba uba manzi, lulwazi olunokufunyanwa ngokuthe ngqo kuba lunokuthi luthathwe njengento ecacileyo, kodwa ngokwenene kungenxa yengqiqo yamatyala anokuthi ahambelane neziganeko.
Izibalo
Inxulumene nolwazi olunengqiqo, kulo mzekelo ulwazi lusekelwe ekusebenziseni amanani, imisebenzi, izakhi zemathematika, ezivumela ukuba zisetyenziswe ukuphumeza ukuqiqa kwamanani. Ithathwa njengolwazi olungabonakaliyo njengoko ingasekelwanga kumava, imiboniso kunye nangaphezulu njengakwimeko zangaphambili.
yeenkqubo
Ukuphucula amandla okusebenzisa izinto ezahlukeneyo ukuvelisa inkqubo, lulwazi olusekwe kubuchwephesha, kodwa ulwazi lwemathematika nalo luthatha inxaxheba, kuba yindawo apho kusetyenziswa inkqubo, ngoko ke ifuna olu hlobo lwezixhobo.
I-Privado
Kukufunda okufunyenwe ngamava obuqu, angavezwa njengeqela labantu, lulwazi oluveliswa kuye.
umphakathi
Lulwazi oluye lwathunyelwa ngamaqela abantu, olo lwazi lufumaneka kuluntu, ngoko lubonakaliswa ngokusekelwe kwinkcubeko eqhelekileyo, efunyanwa ngumntu ngokuthe ngqo.
abanye
Zininzi iindlela olwahlulwa ngazo ulwazi; oku kuqaqambisa iiyantlukwano, kuba zinokusekwe kwindawo ethile okanye ngokuxhomekeka kwinto ethile, ke ngoko, inqaku eliqaqambisiweyo ababonelela ngalo ngumxholo ezinxulumana nawo ngokuthe ngqo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ulwazi lubonakaliswa kubugcisa, amayeza, ezopolitiko, ubuntu, imidlalo, ubuchwepheshe kunye nokunye, okuye kwabonakaliswa kubomi bemihla ngemihla bomntu.
Elements
Njengoko kunokubonwa kwiindidi zolwazi, iziqalelo ezahlukeneyo zithiwe thaca kwinto nganye kuzo, ezi zinokuchazwa ngendlela eyahlukileyo, phakathi kwazo oku kulandelayo kubonisiwe: Umbandela ngulowo unokunika ulwazi komnye umntu; Injongo sisiqalelo ngasinye esifumaneka ngokwenyani kwaye sinenjongo yokuba iingcamango zinokumiselwa kwaye zinxibelelene, ekubeni iingcamango ziveliswa kuzo.
Umsebenzi wokuqonda yinkqubo entsonkothileyo kakhulu kwindawo ye-neurophysiological evumela ukuba isifundo siseke nganye yeengcinga zakhe ngokunxulumene nezinto ezijikelezileyo, kuba kuya kuvumela ukusebenzisana ukuba kwenzeke phakathi kwabo. Kwaye ekugqibeleni ingcinga igxininisiwe, eyona nto iyingqondo efunyenwe kwisifundo, yinkqubo yokuqonda evumela ukuba amava ahlale engqondweni yakhe njengolwazi.
Imiba ebalulekileyo
Mntu ngamnye ebantwini unokufumana uhlobo oluthile lolwazi kwindawo akuyo, ekubeni umntu inguye okwaziyo ukuqonda, ukunkqaya, ukudlulisela kwakunye nokusebenzisa oko akufumeneyo. Kwaye kumxholo wolwazi, iingongoma ezahlukeneyo zokubhekisa zigqunyiwe apho ulwahlulo lwenziwa khona.
Amanqaku esalathiso zezo zibakala zivumela umntu ukuba afunde kwaye aqonde ulwazi, olunokuthi lunikezelwe ngemfundo, ukucamngca, ukulinga kunye nokunye; kwakhona ukwenzeka kweziganeko ezinxulumene nomntu, kuba amava aya kuvumela ukufunyanwa kwawo ngokulula. Kwaye kwakhona, xa iimeko zisenzeka ezivelisa ukufunda, imibuzo ihlala isekiwe evumela uhlalutyo lwesifundo.
Umahluko phakathi kokwazi nokwazi
Amagama okwazi nokwazi zizenzi ezisetyenziswa ngendlela efanayo, nangona kunjalo kubalulekile ukuthathela ingqalelo into yokuba azifani kwaye azisekelwanga ekuvakaliseni ingcamango efanayo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukwazi ukwahlula igama ngalinye kula ukuze usetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo, ngaloo ndlela kuthathelwa ingqalelo iintlobo zolwazi ezichazwe apha ngasentla.
Ukwazi kukufumana ulwazi olunxulumene nobukho bento okanye ubungqina, okuthetha ukuba umntu unokufumana ulwazi kwindawo ahlala kuyo okanye kubantu abamngqongileyo, apho kugxininiswe ekufumaneni ulwazi olungekho kwindawo enye kuphela. kodwa zininzi iindlela ezizezinye ezisekelwe kumacandelo ahlukeneyo.
Ukwazi kubhekisa kulwazi esele unalo okanye ulwazi oluqondwayo, olubonakaliswa ngezenzo ezibonelela ngamathuba okuphuhlisa izakhono, apho umntu abonisa ukuba inxulumene nenqaku okanye indawo ethile.
Ukubaluleka
Ukubaluleka kugxininiswa ngokuvakalisa ulwazi olufunyenwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kusenokuba ngamava asasazwayo, alungelelanisiweyo, abonelela ngemfundo efunwa ngumntu. Oku kuhambelana ngokuthe ngqo neempazamo, ekubeni ngokuba nolwazi oluchanekileyo nolwaneleyo ngoko iimpazamo ezifanayo azenziwanga kwakhona, ukuba kuvela imeko efanayo ijongene ngaphandle kobunzima. Iintlobo zolwazi kunye nemizekelo Izixhobo ezineenkcukacha ziphawulwe njengezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokusebenzisa yonke imihla.
Ukuqwalasela ukuba ulwazi lunokufunyanwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zobomi, kukwaboniswa ukuba kuzo zonke iindlela ezahlukeneyo okanye izicwangciso zingasetyenziswa, ukuba unomdla kolu lwazi sincoma ukufunda Iindlela ze-Agile