La intubi, ngokungathandabuzekiyo, yizona zichasi zimbi, xa kufikwa kubuthathaka kunye nokutshabalalisa iinkuni. Ekhumbula ukuba, ekuhambeni kwabo, banokude babhobhoze kwikhonkrithi, yonke into ukuze bafikelele kuyo. Fumana kweli nqaku indlela yokuchonga nokubacima ngokufanelekileyo.
Intubi
La intubi, naphi na, imela umthombo wokukhathazeka, ngenxa yokuba banamandla okwenza buthathaka, kunye nokutshabalalisa umthi, kokubini kwiintetho zayo kunye nakwizinto eziphuma kuzo. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba uzazi ukuba unjani na, unjani na kunye neyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzisusa. Apho ifom esebenzayo ayiyi kubavumela ukuba bahlasele kwakhona, nokuba loo nkuni, okanye nayiphi na enye kwindawo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-termite, ukwenzela ukuba ifikelele kwimithi kwaye izondle ngokwayo, iyakwazi ukubhobhoza kwikhonkrithi, ukuba ingumqobo. Oko kukuthi, ukuba nengcamango epheleleyo, ikhonkrithi yinto exhathisayo kakhulu, ephumela ekubekweni (ukuqina), ukusuka kumxube wesamente okanye i-lime, isanti, igravel kunye namanzi.
Ngaloo ndlela, kuyimfuneko ukuphonononga kunye nokuqinisekisa izakhiwo kunye nefenitshala, ukuba uqaphele ubukho bazo obunokwenzeka kwaye ngoko ke uzicime ngokukhawuleza xa zivela.
Yintoni iintubi?
Intubi luhlobo lwesilwanyana esingenamqolo. Ngenxa yokuba iyafana, iyinxalenye yolunye izinambuzane ezitya iinkuni. Ifana kakhulu nembovane, umahluko wokuba imhlophe ngombala. Inyaniso eyenza ukuba ikwabizwe ngokuba "yimbovane emhlophe". Ukongeza, kwaziwa ngamagama "amanundu", "iintubi", phakathi kwabanye.
Ukuchongwa kwabo kwezesayensi yi "Isoptera" kwaye banxulumene ngendlela ethile namaphela, nokuba kulandelelwano olufanayo "Blattodea". Bangamalungu "eusociality", ehambelana neqondo eliphezulu, malunga nokukwazi kwezilwanyana ukuba zilungelelaniswe, ukuba ngumzekelo ohamba nabo kwinqanaba, iimbovane ezingenakuphikiswa. Ehlabathini, kukho ingxelo emangalisayo yomfanekiso ongaphezu kwamawaka amabini eentlobo zezi zinambuzane zitshabalalisayo.
umzimba we intubiYenziwe ngentloko, ithorax kunye nemilenze. Ikhula kwaye ihlala kwindawo ebizwa ngokuba ziinduli zentubi, njengoko besenza oonomeva, kwaye inokuqulatha ukuya kutsho kwizigidi ezibini zabantu. Ngokuqhelekileyo zikhula kakuhle kwiindawo ezitshisayo, ngenxa yokuba i-predilection yazo kukufuma.
Itya ntoni isinambuzane sentubi?
Inambuzane ye-termite ine-peculiarity yokutya kwi-cellulose equlethwe kwiintlobo zokhuni, kunye nazo zonke izinto eziphuma kuzo. Nge-caveat yokuba, njengoko kuyaziwa, nokuba iphepha liyinxalenye yabo kwaye yiyo loo nto yenye yezinto ezihlaselayo ngokuqhelekileyo.
Zinjani iintubi?
Ekuqaleni, inambuzane intubi Ifana nembovane, umahluko wokuba inombala omhlophe. Ukongeza, ukuba umzimba wayo wahlulwe ngamalungu, intloko, thorax kunye nemilenze.
Zeziphi izinto ezidla ngokuhlasela iintubi?
Ukutya kwabo kubandakanya i-cellulose kwaye bazalisekisa injongo yokuguqula, ukuwohloka kunye nokonakalisa iinkuni kunye nezinto eziphuma kuzo, ezifana:
- Iphepha lebhodi
- Papel
- MDF okanye MDF
- iplywood
- Ipleyiti
- Agglomerate, phakathi kwabanye.
Izigaba zezinambuzane zentubi
Eyona nto iphambili okanye eyona nto ifanelekileyo yinqanaba lephiko, into eboniswayo, ngendlela yokuxabisa iindiza kunye namalungu amaninzi. Apho kubonwa umbala omnyama, ngaphandle kokuba namaphiko amade. Le nqwelomoya imele bona, ukubhabha komtshato, apho injongo kukusekwa kwendlwane ezintsha ze iintubi.
Kuneke u iintubi Ziphuma ngendlela “yenymphal” ukusuka ethangeni lendlovukazi, apho zifana nentubi yabasebenzi, umahluko okuphela kwawo ngumlinganiselo omncinane. Ezi zinento ekhethekileyo yokutshintsha ulusu ngokukhula kwaye ukutya kwazo kwenziwa nge-cellulose, njengabantu abadala.
Iintlobo zesinambuzane seentubi
Ehlabathini lonke kukho isixa esingaphezu kwamawaka amabini eentlobo zezi zinambuzane. Ezi zilandelayo zidla ngokuxatyiswa iintubi, ezizi:
ngaphantsi komhlaba
Ezi ziphuhla kwaye zinendawo yazo yokuhlala kumhlaba ongaphantsi, ngokusebenzisa iindlwane. Ukuhlaselwa kunye nokusebenza kwizakhiwo eziqulethe iinkuni, ukuqala uhambo lwabo ukusuka kwisiseko sayo. Ukuqala ngokuthatha njengokutya zonke ezo nkuni zikufutshane.
Athi apho eze kuyila zonke iindlela ezingenakucingelwa, njengokwenza itonela emininzi emvumela ukuba afikelele usukelo. Ngoko ke, ziqondwa njengezinambuzane ezimele zitshatyalaliswe, ezikwazi ukutshabalalisa izakhiwo kunye nefenitshala naphi na.
emoyeni
Zizo ezo zinobuqhetseba bokulungelelanisa indawo yazo yokuhlala, ziphuhlisa iindlwane zazo kwindawo engaphakathi yokhuni nakukuphi na ukuphakama. Ukusebenzisa indiza yakho, zombini ukufika, kunye nokuhamba kunye nokuhamba. Bathanda ukuhlasela iinkuni ngendlela emdaka. Kwezi, kukho ezi ntlobo zimbini zilandelayo:
- Okubizwa ngokuba yi "kalotermes", ephathwayo kwimithi efumileyo, enendawo efanelekileyo, iindawo ezithambileyo zayo. Idla ngokutya iinkuni ezibolayo. Ukuba rhoqo kakhulu ukuyibona kumahlathi e-coniferous, iindawo ezihlala zisondele kakhulu, zombini ukufuma kunye namanzi. Noko ke, zikwatya iinkuni ezisempilweni. Iikholoni zabo zinokubamba onke amalungu angama-4.000.
- Ngakolunye uhlangothi, "i-cryptotermes", ephathwayo kwimithi eyomileyo kunye neqondo eliphezulu lobunzima kunye nokumelana. Kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuyixabisa kwiindawo zendalo, kunye nakwiindawo zedolophu kunye nokuhamba kwezinto kunye nabantu. Apho ngokucacileyo, iinkuni zisetyenziselwa iinjongo zorhwebo.
Olu hlobo intubi Ixhathisa kakhulu kwaye ihlala ixesha elide ngaphandle kolwelo olubalulekileyo. Ukongeza, iqela layo kunye nesiphumo sokuhlasela kunokukhokelela ekubeni ube ngumhlaseli opheleleyo, ngenxa yokuba uphuhliso lwayo luqhubela phambili. Amathanga abo anokuhlala phakathi kwe-1.000 kunye ne-1.500 yamalungu, asekelwe kwiiplanga zeefestile, iingcango okanye nayiphi na ifanitshala.
Iiklasi okanye iindidi zesinambuzane sentubi
Iindidi okanye iindidi zesinambuzane intubi Bahamba ngokomsebenzi, umsebenzi, uxanduva, into eluncedo okanye umsebenzi abawenza ngaphakathi kwenduli yeentubi, bethathela ingqalelo oku kulandelayo:
isibini sasebukhosini
Oku kubumba intokazi kunye nokumkani weqela leentubi. Phakathi kwabo bobabini baqhuba ukuzala kwamalungu enduli yeentubi. Kule nto, imazi ibonwa njengengxowa epheleleyo yamaqanda, ibe inkulu kangangokuthi kunzima ukuba iqhube nayiphi na intshukumo.
Inobuqhetseba bokulungelelanisa okanye ukulungelelanisa iihomoni zesiduli seentubi, ngokukhutshwa kwemiyalezo yemichiza. Ubude bayo bunokudlula amashumi amabini eminyaka, ibe nenani elikhulu lokubeka amawaka amaqanda yonke imihla.
abasebenzi
Kwiqela le iintlobo zeentubi, abasebenzi ngabona bamele elona nani likhulu lamalungu akwinduli yeentubi. Ezi zizinto ezibonakaliswe ngokuqhuba ukuphunyezwa kwemisebenzi okanye imisebenzi ngendlela engapheliyo kwaye engapheliyo. Ukufumana ukutya okuyimfuneko kwindlwane yabo, okanye ikoloni.
Ngokunjalo, ngaphakathi kwimisebenzi yabo kukwakha okanye ukwenziwa kweegalari, ngezinto abazenzayo ukuba zibe nokwenzeka. Kwelinye icala, ngabasebenzi kuphela abajongene nayo yonke into eyenzekayo kwiplanga laso nasiphi na isiza. Yiba yifenitshala, ifestile, umnyango, igumbi lokulala, phakathi kwezinye. Kuba, ukutya okufudukela kwinduli yeentubi, kususwa ngokulula kwezi ndawo.
Xa uzijonga, zikhangeleka njengazo naziphi na ezinye iintshulube, nangona kunjalo, ukuba uzijongisisa ngakumbi, unokuzibona izibini ezintathu zemilenze ezahlulayo.
Amajoni
kwiindlwane ze intubi, amajoni ngawo aphumeza umsebenzi wokukhusela induli yeentubi. Bamele bayikhusele ngamaxesha onke kwaye banqande ukungena okanye ukulimala kwezinye iinambuzane, ezona zizathu zizama ukungena kwisidleke. Ukuba, njengezoyikiso eziphambili kwiimbovane, ngoobani abanokubangela isiphithiphithi ukuba zicetywayo.
Omnye umsebenzi obalulekileyo wamajoni kukuleqisa abasebenzi, ngenjongo yokukhawulezisa ukwenziwa komsebenzi wabo ngaphakathi kwesiduli seentubi. Ezi zibonwa ngokukhawuleza, kuba i-physiognomically, intloko yakhe inomlinganiselo obalaseleyo. Ngaphandle nje kwento yokuba umbala wabo umnyama ngakumbi kunalowo banawo abasebenzi kwaye bona bagqama ngeentsiba zabo ezimbini ezinkulu, abazibonisa emilonyeni yabo.
Abafuyi baseprayimari nabasesekondari
Kwi-termite colony, ii-primary reproductives zine-hue emnyama kwaye zinamaphiko amakhulu kunomzimba. Ezi zinomsebenzi obalulekileyo wokushiya indlwane ngobuninzi, ukuze zivelise kunye / okanye ziphindaphinde. Ngoko ke, kufuneka bafezekise uthumo lokwandisa ngokusebenzisa iziduli ezintsha zentubi, nto leyo ichongwa njengokuzala okanye ukusasazwa kohlobo, udidi okanye iqela leentubi. intubi.
Abafuyi besibini banombala ochasene ngokupheleleyo, kuba bamhlophe. Bafana kakhulu nabasebenzi, umahluko kuphela kukuba bade. Aba bakwinduli yeentubi, imbopheleleko enkulu yokuthabatha isikhundla sikakumkanikazi ukuba wayeza kufa. Kufuneka kwakhona bayimele, ukuba kuyenzeka, ukuba induli yeentubi ichaphazeleke kukwahlulwa kwenucleus esembindini.
Kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba le ntlukwano yenzeke, xa ifikelele kwinqanaba elivelele kakhulu, apho imiyalezo yeekhemikhali ze-hormonal yokumkanikazi ayinakufunyanwa. Okanye oko, ngokuchaseneyo, sisiphumo sesiganeko esithile esinethamsanqa, ngaloo ndlela sibangela ukubunjwa kwendlu entsha.
Indlela yokwahlula intubi kwimbovane ephaphazelayo
Kuyimfuneko ukwahlula phakathi iintubi indiza, ye Iimbovane ezindizayo, ukuze indlela yokuphelisa iza kusetyenziswa isebenze. I-Morphologically, oko kukuthi, ngokwesakhiwo sangaphandle somzimba wabo, indlela yokwahlula ngokukhawuleza ilandelayo:
- I-Antennas: intubi inawo ngokuthe nkqo, ngelixa imbovane ephaphazelayo i-arch.
- Yeha: Intubi inamabini kwicala ngalinye lembovane yobukhulu obulinganayo, lo gama ezifanayo zembovane ibhabhayo zahlukile kuba isibini ngasinye sinesinye esikhulu (ngaphambili) kunesinye.
- Isifuba: Intubi ayinasinqe esahlula isifuba sayo sibe ziinxalenye ezimbini, ngoxa imbovane ibhabha isenza.
Indlela yokwahlula intubi kwimbungu
Ukuze ufezekise ukutshatyalaliswa kwezinambuzane, kufuneka uqale uqiniseke ukuba ngubani oza kususwa. Indlela ekhawulezayo kukwazi ukuba i-woodworm yinqanaba lombungu, ngelixa, kwi intubi, unokubona intloko, i-thorax kunye neziphetho. Xa uhlobo lweegraniti zombala we-beige zibonwa, ubukhulu obujikelezayo nge-0,5 millimeter. Apho, ukongeza, kwindawo kukho umngxuma emthini, kubukho be-woodworm.
Zihlala phi iintubi eziqala induli yeentubi?
Ngeli xesha isiqalo esipheleleyo sesiduli sentubi kwenzeka, kwenzeka ukuba abo babizwa ngokuba "ngabavelisi abongezelelweyo" babe "ngabavelisi bokuqala". Ngenxa yoko, ngenxa yoku, baye bafuduka kwinduli yabo yeentubi, bebhabha, beza kwenza entsha. Ngethuba le nkqubo, utshintshiselwano kunye namalungu ezinye iindlwane zenzeke kwaye oku kwenzeka ngenxa yeepheromones zesini eziphuma kuzo.
Kangangoko kunokwenzeka, bazama ukuthintela ukuzalana, okukukuwela okanye ukukhwelana phakathi kwamalungu afanayo endlwaneni, kodwa ukuba kuyenzeka, kuyamkelwa. Ukuwela, izibini ezitsha zenziwe kwaye ezi ngexesha elifanayo ziya kulahlekelwa ngamaphiko azo. Ngale nto, isiganeko sokufuna ukwenza indlwane entsha yokukhwelana kunye nokubeka amaqanda okuqala. Eya kuthi, emva kokuqandusela, ibe ziintsana zokuqala zentubi entsha, eziya kuba nokutya ngomama.
Iinyoni, xa zikhulile, ziya kuba ngabasebenzi kwaye injongo yazo iya kuba kukukhusela induli yentubi kunye nokubonelela ngokutya kwenkosi, ukumkanikazi kunye nezilwanyana ezintsha. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba xa inani elibonakalayo labasebenzi sele lifikelelwe kwisiduli seentubi, kuxa kuvela amajoni. Kude kube ngoko abadlali baseprayimari nakwezisekondari bafikelelwa, apho onke amalungu ayenza iphelele.
Umonakalo owenziwe sisinambuzane seentubi
Kubalulekile ukuba kucace ukuba intubi, ayisonambuzane esinokubangela ingozi ngokuthe ngqo emntwini. Kuba azihlabi, azilumi okanye azibangeli nakuphi na ukwalana. Ukuba ngumonakalo kuphela, oyintloko kwaye uqondise ngqo kwimithi kunye ne-derivatives yayo. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukutya kwayo oku kunye neselulosi. Noko ke, xa ifumene ikhonkrithi engena endleleni, ayifuni kuthandabuza ukuyibhobhoza, ize iyenze buthathaka.
Baza kuhlasela, phakathi kwemizekelo emininzi, iincwadi, iincwadi zamanqaku okanye nayiphi na enye iphepha, i-parquet okanye i-parquet floors (ukusuka kwi-French parquet), eyenziwe ngamacwecwe amancinci adibeneyo okhuni. Ngokunjalo, ifenitshala yokhuni yazo zonke iintlobo (ukusuka kwisitulo, ikhitshi eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi, iitafile, iidesika, amagumbi okulala, phakathi kwabanye). Ngokunjalo, iingcango, iifestile, imiqadi, iintsika, iintlobo zemithi kunye nezinye ezininzi.
Indlela yokuphepha ukuba nesinambuzane sentubi njengomkhosi
isinambuzane esitshabalalisayo intubi, inezinto ezimbini ezenza indawo efanelekileyo yokuhlala kuyo nayiphi na imithi, naphi na, nokuba yindlu, iofisi, indawo yeshishini okanye abanye. Ezi zinto zezi zilandelayo:
- Ukufuma
Nangona kukho ubukho bentubi, esekelwe kwimithi eyomileyo, eyona nto imbi kakhulu yile ifumaneka kwimithi emanzi, kuba iyingxenye yeyona ndlela yokuvelisa. Ke ngoko, ukuphepha ukufuma okugqithisileyo kukwathintela ukubonakala kunye/okanye ukuhlaliswa kweentubi.
- ukutya okufikeleleka lula
Ukutya okufikeleleka lula, kunjalo, ngamaplanga kunye nezinto eziphuma kuzo. Oku kuthetha ukuba iinkuni okanye ifenitshala yale khompawundi, engasetyenziswayo, kufuneka ibekwe kwindawo ezikhuselweyo kwaye ilumkele ukucoceka kwayo. Kanye kunye naluphi na uphawu olubonisa ukuba lonakaliswa yi-arhente ethile. Ngale ndlela, unokulawula imeko kwaye uthintele ukungena kwe-termite.
Indlela yokuphelisa inambuzane yentubi ngokusebenzisa amayeza asekhaya?
Ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamayeza asekhaya, kubalulekile ukuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba ekuqaleni zenza iindlela ezisebenzayo zokuzigxotha. Ukhumbula ukuba oku kuba nempumelelo xa isetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo, njengakwimeko yotywala.
Ukongeza, onke amanyathelo othintelo kufuneka enziwe, ukwenzela ukuba intubi musa ukuhlala kwenye indawo kwiplanga elinye okanye kwenye ekufutshane. Kungenxa yokuba injongo kukuzitshayela, kungekhona ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye. Ngaloo ndlela, amayeza alandelayo asekhaya aqwalaselwa ukuphelisa inambuzane ye-termite, kunye nokwahlukana kwabo kwiziganeko, ezi:
Boric acid
Oku kujonga iindlela ezimbini zokusetyenziswa, ezi:
- Ukuyibeka phezu kweenkuni apho ziboniswa khona okanye zizama ukufumana isisombululo okanye uthuli kuyo.
- Ukubeka ngobuchule, izithiyelo ezimanzi.
Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba i-termite iya kufa kuphela xa ithatha idosi ephezulu yale asidi, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba eli yeza lisebenza ngokwenene xa imeko iintubi emoyeni. Ngenxa yokuba ngaphantsi komhlaba, akukhuthazwa, kuba iya kubagxotha kwenye indawo kwaye baya kuqhubeka nokuhlasela kwabo.
ioli kunye nepetroli
Ukunika ioli kunye nepetroli kwimithi sisisombululo sexesha elifutshane kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuba intubi Iza kuqhela lula kwivumba kwaye kungekudala iza kubuyela kwinduli yeentubi. Ngaloo ndlela bafuna ukuqhubeka nemisebenzi yabo eqhelekileyo yokutya.
iasidi yendalo
Unayo, ukuba i-asidi yendalo enokuthi ifumaneke ngaphakathi kokufikelela, i-lemon okanye iviniga. Ngayo kunokwenzeka ukuboyikisa ixesha elithile, ngelixa iphunga kunye nomswakama walo kwisayithi. Ukukwazi ngale ndlela ukwenza ngenye indlela, ngelixa bekude ukuqinisekisa ukuba abafiki kwakhona, kwaye abaphindi bahlale. Apho inzuzo yayo nayiphi na kwezi asidi zimbini kukuba aziyongozi kulo naliphi na ilungu losapho, okanye kwizilwanyana zasekhaya.
Utywala
Utywala ekuqaleni busebenza ukugxotha intubi, kodwa ukuba yenziwa rhoqo baya kutshatyalaliswa. Oku kwenziwa ngokuyijova kuyo yonke imingxuma enokubonwa kwimithi ngendlela eqhelekileyo neqhubekayo.
Iindlela ezingezizo ezenzelwe ekhaya zokuphelisa isinambuzane sentubi
Kukho iindlela ezintathu ezidla ngokusetyenziswa ekutshatyalalisweni kwesi sinambuzane intubi. Olwenziwa ngabachwephesha ekulawuleni nasekupheliseni izitshabalalisi zomthi kunye nezinto eziphuma kuzo. Zezi:
Unyango lwentente
Unyango lwentente yeyona ndlela isebenzayo, kunye nonyango lwekhemikhali. Apho ukutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo kwezinambuzane zentubi kuphunyezwa. Oku kuqhutyelwa ngokuphakamisa ubushushu ukuya kwinqanaba elinjalo liziphatha njenge-fumigant, kuba libulala isinambuzane.
Iqondo lobushushu apho indawo inyukela kuma-49°C, apho i iintubi abadala kunye namaqanda ezi. Isizathu sobu bushushu kukuba ubushushu kufuneka bungene Madera, oko kukuthi, ukufikelela kwi-nucleus yayo kunye nokuyitshisa, ngaloo ndlela kufezekiswa ukungabikho kwanoma yiliphi ilungu lekholoni.
Le ndlela, nangona igqwesileyo, ayinakusetyenziswa kuzo zonke iindawo, yiloo nto umxhasi kufuneka ahlole ngaphambi kokuba enze isigqibo esifanelekileyo ngokufanelekileyo indawo echaphazelekayo.
iinkqubo zokuthiyela
Inkqubo ye-bait iyona nto isisiseko, apho ingcali ibeka uluhlu lwe "traps" kunye neekhompawundi ezikhethekileyo eziza kubangela umtsalane wabo. Ngale ndlela, kunokwenzeka ukuba kuqinisekiswe ubukho babo, ngokubeka iliso rhoqo, abakwenzayo. Ukuba, ukuba kulungile, qhubeka nokutshabalalisa ikholoni ye intubi.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba yonke le nkqubo yokubeka iliso kunye nokutshatyalaliswa okulandelayo kunokuthatha ukuya kwiinyanga ezilishumi elinesibini, kuba yindlela enzima kwaye idinga umlinganiselo othile wokulandelela. Emva koko kuphelisiwe (ukuba kukho na), bayaqhubeka nokubeka iliso, ukuze kuthintelwe ubukho bamalungu athile okanye ukubuyisela kwakhona.
unyango lwekhemikhali
Unyango lwemichiza yindlela esetyenziswa kakhulu ziingcali, kuba akukho mthengi uthanda ukwazi ukuba indawo iya kugutyungelwa ngolwelo okanye iimveliso eziyingozi. Eziyityhefu ngokucacileyo, zombini kwizilwanyana zasekhaya kunye nakubantu ngokubanzi. Ukhumbula ukuba emva koko kufuneka bacoce ngokucokisekileyo, okuqinisekisa ukuba akukho tywala okanye umonakalo kwimpilo.
Yingakho, nangona kuyaziwa ukuba kuyindlela esebenzayo yokutshatyalaliswa, usebenzisa i-injection ye-compounds kwimithi echaphazelekayo, kunye nasemhlabeni, ukuseka umqobo, ayikwanelisi umxhasi.
