Inkqubo yeSoftware: Ingcaciso Yenzelwe ntoni?

Ukuba uthanda ukuphanda imakethi yetekhnoloji, ndiyakumema ukuba ufunde kancinci kweli nqaku kune Inkqubo yesoftware, iimpawu zayo kunye nazo zonke iinkcukacha zayo.

Inkqubo yesoftware

Isoftware licandelo lekhompyuter elingenakuchukunyiswa, nangona kunjalo yeyona nto yenza inkqubo isebenze, oko kukuthi, ithathwa njengecandelo elikwaziyo ukwenza okanye ukwenza nawuphi na umsebenzi kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo yekhompyuter.

Singakwazi kwakhona ukubhekisela kwinto yokuba isofthiwe ijongene nokuguqula yonke imiyalelo kunye nokuyithatha kwiprosesa, ikhadi lemizobo okanye icandelo elenza imiyalelo esifuna ukuyiphumeza ngesiphumo esilindelekileyo, ngamanye amagama isoftware. ophethe uguqulo lwedatha.eyenziwe yihardware ukwenzela ukuba ibonwe kwiscreen ngendlela elula.

Kukho amaqela amathathu esoftware ebizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yesoftware, isoftware yenkqubo kunye nesoftware yesicelo, okwangoku la maqela anokwahlulwa abe ngamaqela esoftware yasimahla okanye isoftware yobunikazi okanye enelayisensi.

Imvelaphi yeSoftware yeNkqubo

Nangona kuyinyani ukuba iirekhodi zokuqala zibuyela kwiminyaka yoo-1940, akukho nyani ukuba isoftware yenkqubo inemvelaphi yayo ngaphezu kwewaka leminyaka eyadlulayo, ngokutsho kophando olwenziweyo, azikho iikhompyuter; Bagcina idatha kumatshini ukuze kamva itolikwe ngexesha, yiyo loo nto isoftware yaqala ukuthetha ngayo ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX xa kwabonwa inkqubela phambili kulo mbandela.

Kuye kwaba nzima ukusebenza ngaloo ndlela kwaye ngaphandle kwemfuneko kwavela iilwimi zokuqala ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ezifanayo nezo zisetyenziswayo namhlanje, nangona kunjalo bengakhange banike umsebenzisi amathuba afanayo nesoftware yanamhlanje, kuba bona kuphela. babekwazi ukusebenza kwi-hardware ethile, eyenze ukuba banqongophele kakhulu ngokweelwimi kunye neziphumo ezilindelekileyo.

Emva koko, ezinye zeelwimi ebezisetyenziswa ngaphambili ziye zasebenza njengesiseko seelwimi ezisetyenziswayo namhlanje.

Ingcamango yokucwangcisa

Yinkqubo esetyenziselwa ukuyila kunye nokuyalela izenzo eziyimfuneko zokuqhuba iprojekthi, ukulungiselela oomatshini okanye izixhobo ezithile ukuze ziqalise ukusebenza ngelo xesha nangendlela efunwayo okanye ukuphuhlisa iinkqubo zokusetyenziswa kwiikhompyutha.

Okwangoku, inkqubo iyinxalenye yokudala kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemidiya yekhompyuter, echazwa njengenkqubo ngokwayo, apho umntu aphuhlisa inkqubo yesixhobo esimvumela ukuba abhale ikhowudi kunye nomnye okwaziyo ukuyiguqulela. njengolwimi loomatshini.

Enokuthi icocwe ngemicroprocessor. Isinyathelo sokugqibela sibizwa ngokuba yintlangano, kwaye yinkqubo efunekayo ukwenzela ukuba ikhowudi iqhutywe yiplatifomu eyenziwe ngayo, enokuba yikhompyutheni, oko kukuthi, ifowuni ephathwayo.

Kukho nendlela yokuguqulela ikhowudi, ebizwa ngokuba yi-Interpretation, iquka ukuhlalutya umgca ngomgca, de kube ulwazi olwaneleyo luguqulelwe, lukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iilwimi zeprogram zohlulwe zibe ngamaqela amabini; ezo zinokudityaniswa azinakutolikwa okanye ngokuphambanayo. Yonke le nkqubo ibandakanya izigaba ezahlukeneyo kwaye ifuna ukuthatha inxaxheba kweengcali ezahlukeneyo.

Ukuqala kwisiseko seprojekthi ethile, kuyimfuneko ukuba nombono ocacileyo kunye nenjongo eqinisekisa umgudu kunye nokuzinikela okubandakanyekayo ekuphuhlisweni kweprojekthi.

Ngaphakathi kwezinto eziguquguqukayo zokucacisa, isiqalo sivame ukuba sinzima kakhulu kwaye sithatha ixesha elide, ekubeni kukho amathuba okufumana imveliso epheleleyo, kwaye kwinkqubo yokufaka imilinganiselo yobugcisa, umphumo unokuba yintlekele, ukungaphumeleli ngokupheleleyo.

Emva kokuba ingcamango ikhulelwe, uyilo kufuneka lusekwe, okungekho nto ngaphandle kokusesikweni zonke iikhrayitheriya ezixutyushwa ngexesha lokukhangela kokuqala. Iqela ngalinye lisebenza ngendlela yalo, lisebenzisa imigaqo yeqela kwaye liseka izikhokelo zesakhiwo njengoko kunjalo, oku kunesiphumo sokuba isiphumo sokudalwa kwesakhiwo asingqongqo.

Inyathelo elilandelayo liya kuba sisiqalo sokulinga ngokusebenzisa inkqubo, iindlela zokuququzelela. Abaqulunqi banonxibelelwano oluthe ngqo kunye nentsebenziswano kunye nombono wabo.

Yenziwa njani isoftware?

Ukudalwa kwesoftware kunokuba nzima, kuxhomekeke kwinjongo ekufuneka iphunyezwe. Ngamanye amazwi, yiseti yamanyathelo ekufuneka ilandelwe ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga inkqubo ukuphumeza isisombululo kwingxaki yokufumana imveliso.

Ngoku, ukuqonda ngokucacileyo i-software yegama kunye nendlela eyenziwe ngayo, siya kuqala ukuhamba ukuba yintoni iprogram yeprogram, inkcazo, imvelaphi, iimpawu, kunye neminye imiba ebalulekileyo yesi sihloko.

Xa sithetha ngeprogram yeprogram, asikwazi ukulibala ukuba ukwenzela ukuba inkqubo iyimfuneko yokusingatha i Inkqubo yolwimi, ojongene nokuvakalisa, ukuyila kwikhompyutheni oko sifuna ukufezekisa okanye ukufezekisa xa sisenza inkqubo okanye injongo eya kufezekiswa ukuba iqhutywe ngaphakathi kwi-hardware.

Ulwimi lulwimi olunokusetyenziswa kuphela kwiikhompyutha, oludla ngokusetyenziswa xa kuyilwa iinkqubo, kwaye lwenziwe liqela leempawu kunye nemigaqo evumela ukuqondwa kwesakhiwo kunye nentsingiselo yezinto kunye nokuchazwa.

Ukongeza, ulwimi lwenkqubo zezo zivumela ukulawula ukuziphatha komzimba kunye nengqiqo kumatshini, ukwenzela ukunika izisombululo kwiingxaki ezahlukeneyo eziqhelekileyo ezivela ngaphakathi kwikhompyuter.

Phakathi kweentlobo eziqhelekileyo zeelwimi zeprogram sifumana:

• Visual Basic
• .NET
• C ++
• C#
• Java
• Injongo-C
• Javascript
• Easter
• abanye

iintlobo zesoftware

Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zesoftware, esiza kukuxelela ngayo ngezantsi.

1. Isoftware yesicelo

Zizo ezo nkqubo azinanto yakwenza nokusebenza kwekhompyuter; Ngokuchasene noko, zenzelwe kwaye zithengiswe ukuba zifakwe kwikhompyutheni njengesixhobo somsebenzi kwaye ngaloo ndlela ziququzelele imisebenzi, umzekelo: iiprosesa zamagama, iispredishithi, iigraphics, iinkqubo zokubonisa, phakathi kwabanye; Ikwasetyenziselwa ukukhangela ulwazi, umzekelo: iincwadi zedijithali kunye ne-encyclopedias, isiphequluli se-intanethi, njl.; okanye njengento yokuphazamiseka okanye ukuzonwabisa, injalo imeko yemidlalo yevidiyo, iividiyo, iingxelo, abadlali beaudio, phakathi kwabanye.

Ukufakwa kolu hlobo lweenkqubo kwenziwa ngumsebenzisi, nangona kunjalo, ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ezininzi zezi nkqubo ziza kunye nezixhobo (ezifakwe ngaphambili) ngezivumelwano phakathi kwendibano kunye neenkampani zentengiso azithintelwanga.

2. Inkqubo yeSoftware

Zizo ezo nkqubo zinceda ekudalweni nasekuphuhlisweni kwesicelo, ngolwazi olunengqiqo kunye neprogramu, kuba oku basebenzisa ulwimi lwabo olujoliswe ekuphuhliseni iinkqubo ezintsha, ngamanye amazwi zezo zixhobo eziphuhliswayo ukuzalisekisa umsebenzi othile, kodwa ukuba Ziye zaphuculwa kamva okanye ziphuculwe ngabantu abakhethekileyo kolu hlobo lomsebenzi, yiyo loo nto isoftware yokucwangcisa iyadingeka, nto leyo engeyonto ngaphandle kweenkqubo ezisinceda ekudalweni nasekuphuhliseni isicelo esithile.

Olu hlobo lweenkqubo lusinceda ngokukodwa ukuba siphuhlise iinkqubo ezintsha sithathela ingqalelo iikhowudi zazo. Iinkqubo eziyilwe njengabahleli bombhalo ngumzekelo wolu hlobo lwesoftware, kuba zisetyenziselwa ukubhala iinkqubo, eziza kuthi kamva zihlanganiswe kwaye zitshekishwe ukuba zibonakalisa izitenxo okanye zivelise naluphi na uhlobo lwengxaki ethintela uphuhliso lwenkqubo ethile. ulwimi lwenkqubo olumiselwe le njongo.

Okwangoku kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zesoftware ezinezixhobo zokucwangcisa, ezisekwe kwiilwimi zokucwangcisa, ezaziwa kwimarike njengeNdawo yoPhuhliso oluDityanisiweyo kwaye ziluncedo kakhulu kubasebenzisi.

3. Inkqubo yeSoftware

Zizo ezo nkqubo zifakwe ngaphambili kwikhompyutheni esebenza njengesiseko kwaye ivumela ukusebenzisana neenkqubo zokusebenza ezihlala kuyo, ukwenzela ukuxhasa ezinye iinkqubo kwaye zibe nolawulo olungcono kunye nolukhulu lwe-hardware.

Ithathwa njengeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwiSofthiwe kuba kuyo idibanisa uluhlu lweenkqubo kunye nezicelo ezinjongo yazo ikukudibanisa zonke izicelo kunye nezixhobo zehardware esinazo isixhobo, oko kukuthi, kukunikezelwa kofikelelo kunye nolawulo. Kwimiqobo, kwimemori ye-RAM, ihard diski kuba kungenjalo ikhompyuter ayikwazanga ukusebenza kakuhle.

Ngamafutshane, isoftware yenkqubo inoxanduva lokuhambisa izixhobo ezibonakalayo ngendlela yokulungelelanisa imisebenzi esekwe kwimemori yekhompyuter, kunye nokusebenzisa ulawulo ngenkqubo, ngendlela yokuba yiyo edibanisa izicelo kunye nekhompyuter. izixhobo ezinikezelwa yi-hardware, esinayo isixhobo.

4. Isoftware yasimahla

Njengoko igama layo libonisa le software, ibhekisa kwiNkululeko. Olu hlobo lwenkqubo luphawulwa ngokusebenza ngokusekelwe kwisixhobo sedijithali. Abantu abaphuhlisa olu hlobo lweenkqubo bajolise ekunikezeni ngaphandle kokufumana nayiphi na ingeniso, ngokuchaseneyo, banokukopishwa, basebenzise, ​​​​batshintshwe nje ukuba aba bantu besithathu banokuzisebenzisa ngaphandle kokufumana inzuzo.

5. Isoftware yeProprietary

Ziyinkqubo apho umsebenzisi anemida xa eyisebenzisa, ukuyiguqula okanye ukuyihambisa kwakhona, ithathwa njengesoftware yabucala. Ezi ntlobo zeenkqubo okanye izixhobo zezona ziqhelekileyo kwaye zaziwa ngokumalunga nezona nkqubo zibalulekileyo zokusebenza kwiimarike; Umzekelo woku yiOfisi yeMicrosoft, eyona ofisi yaziwayo neyona inexabiso eliphantsi emarikeni. Ezinye iibrowser ezidumileyo yiGoogle Chrome okanye iMozilla Firefox, esimahla kumsebenzisi.

Yintoni iProgramming Software?

Isoftware yokucwangcisa ziinkqubo kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza ezinye iinkqubo kunye nezicelo, oko kukuthi, isetyenziselwa ukwenza enye isoftware.

Ziinkqubo ezinceda ekudalweni nasekuphuhlisweni kwezicelo, ngolwazi ngokumalunga neelwimi ezikhoyo zeprogram.

Ukuba nolwazi olucacileyo malunga nokuba yintoni iSoftware, siya kuhlolisisa kwiindidi zesofthiwe, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo, ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga iteknoloji kunye nokuguqulwa kwedijithali, ulwazi olusisiseko lokuqonda ukuba kutheni iinkqubo zekhompyutheni zisebenza kwaye ziyenza njani.

Okwangoku kukho iintlobo ezininzi zesoftware esiza kuthetha ngayo ngendlela elula kwaye sibonise ngemizekelo ethile.

Inkqubo yoHlelo lweSoftware

Le software ingahlelwa ngokweentlobo ezininzi, ezichazwe ngezantsi:

• Abahleli bombhalo: ngaba ezo nkqubo zisebenza njengeprosesa, zinoxanduva lokudala nokuguqula iifayile zedijithali ezenziwe kuphela ngeetekisi, ukwenzela ukuba zigcinwe ngaphandle kobunzima obukhulu. Injongo yomhleli wombhalo kukuba isetyenziselwa ukubhala kwaye kamva ibone umxholo wefayile. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba akufuneki siyibhidanise nenkqubo yeLizwi. Umzekelo: Windows Notepad.
• Abaqulunqi: Ithathwa njengesixhobo esivumela ukuguqulelwa kwekhowudi yesoftware, ngendlela enokuthi itolikwe yikhompyuter kwaye iqinisekise ukusebenza kwayo ngokugqibeleleyo.
• itoliki: yinkqubo esivumela ukuba sihlalutye kwaye siphumeze ezinye iinkqubo, ngolwimi lwenkqubo. Iguquguquka kwaye isebenza ngokucothayo. Le Software iyakwazi ukuhlalutya kunye nokusebenzisa ezinye iinkqubo. Abatoliki baguqulela kuphela inxalenye eyimfuneko, Ingxelo ngengxelo kwaye ungagcini isiphumo sale nguqulelo.
• abanxibelelanisi: bajongene nokudala izixhumanisi phakathi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo kwisigaba sokuhlanganiswa, ukuqokelela yonke ingcaciso yazo zonke izibonelelo eziyimfuneko, ukulahla izinto ezingafunekiyo kwaye udibanise nekhowudi ethile ukuze kamva uvelise ifayile enye okanye ifayile engakwaziyo. abulawe .
• Iingxaki: okanye i-debuggers, ngabo bavumela uvavanyo kunye nokuphelisa iimpazamo ezinokwenzeka kwiiprogram. Injongo kukubona nokuphelisa iimpazamo kwinkqubo.
• Indalo yophuhliso emanyanisiweyo: (EDI okanye i-IDE), sisixhobo esichazwa njengento yonke enye ekubeni ibonelela umphuhlisi okanye umdwelisi wenkqubo ngeendlela ezininzi xa uphuhlisa isoftware, kuba ukongeza ekunikezeni umgangatho kulula kwaye kuyakhawuleza ukuyilungisa. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zesoftware yokucwangcisa ziyadityaniswa apha, njengomhleli wokubhaliweyo, umqokeleli, kunye nedebugger.

Emva kokuhlalutya iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesoftware yeprogram, sifumana iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo okanye izicelo, ezenzelwe ukuzalisekisa imisebenzi ethile ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yophuhliso lwendlela ethile, injalo imeko yabaqulunqi, abanomsebenzi othile wokuguqulela ulwimi lwenkqubo esiyisebenzisayo. ulwimi lomatshini, ukwenzela ukuba i-hardware ikwazi ukuyitolika.

Ngokubanzi, i-Integrated Development Environments zezo zivumela uphuhliso lwenkqubo yesoftware. Kulapha apho izixhobo zigxile ekuphuhliseni ulwimi olunye lwenkqubo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba iimpawu zeprogram zibe nobuhlobo xa kuthelekiswa nezo zisetyenziswa ngabanye, ngendlela yokwandisa imveliso xa usenza, uhlengahlengiso, uqulunqa, uphumeze kwaye ulungise isoftware evela kwi-software. indawo ethile. Umzekelo woku yiXcode okanye iDelphi, ezivaliweyo kunye neelwimi ezithile okanye zingavumeli uhlengahlengiso.

Ubume boPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo kwiimeko ezininzi zenzelwe ukuqhuba uhlobo olunye kuphela lolwimi lwenkqubo ngexesha, nangona kunjalo kukho ezinye ezingaphandle kwaye zixhathise ezinye iilwimi zeprogram, njenge-Assembler, Java, JavaScript, PHP, Python, njl. Injongo-C.

Ukongezelela, banomhleli wekhowudi yomthombo, izixhobo zokwakha ngokuzenzekelayo, oko kukuthi, ii-wizards kunye neetemplates, abaqulunqi kunye / okanye abatoliki, kunye nababizwa ngokuba yi-debuggers. Namhlanje, uninzi lwee-IDE zanamhlanje ziyigraphical ezinojongano olukwinqanaba eliphezulu njengee-GUIs.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba i-Integrated Development Environments ibe luncedo kakhulu kuphuhliso lwesoftware eyahlukeneyo esiyisebenzisa yonke imihla kwindawo yethu yokusebenza, ngokukodwa sithetha nge-automation ye-Microsoft office (iLizwi, i-Excel, i-PowerPoint, i-Publisher, phakathi kwabanye. abanye), iividiyo kunye nezixhobo ezivakalayo, izixhobo zokuhlela ezifana ne-Adobe Photoshop kunye nezinye ezininzi ezithe zayilwa ngoku phantsi kolu hlobo lweqonga ukuze zisibonelele ngezixhobo ezisemgangathweni kunye nokufezekisa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokusebenza kakuhle kunye nokusebenza okungcono. imisebenzi.

Ngaba uyayithanda imarike yeteknoloji? Ndiyakumema ukuba uzifundise ngakumbi ngeli nqaku linika umdla Itekhnoloji yanamhlanje

Inkqubo yeMizekeliso yeSoftware

Sikwabonelela ngemizekelo eyahlukeneyo yesoftware yokucwangcisa.

•   Microsoft Visual Studio

Isixhobo se-cross-platform esinokuhambelana nenani elikhulu leelwimi, kuquka i-PHP, i-Java, i-Python, i-C ++, i-Ruby, phakathi kwabanye. Yenzelwe ikakhulu uphuhliso lwewebhu, kunye nenkxaso ye-Django kunye ne-ASP.NET. Yeyona IDE ilungileyo yokudala isoftware yalo naluphi na uhlobo.

• WinDev

Yi-EDI efikelelekayo kwaye isetyenziswa ikakhulu xa kusenziwa izicelo ezikhawulezayo, ngakumbi kugxilwe kwidatha. Inika umsebenzisi iimodeli ezahlukeneyo zegraphic ukuba akhethe kuzo kwaye isebenzisana kakhulu. Inenkxaso yeJava, C # kunye .NET kwaye inika ukhetho lokudala iinkqubo zamaqonga afana neLinux kunye neMac.

• NetBeans

Imiselwa njengenye yezona ndawo zisetyenziswayo zophuhliso ezihlanganisiweyo kwihlabathi, ikwasebenza njengenkqubo yesoftware yasimahla. Isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukucwangcisa kwiJava, ukongeza, iimodyuli ezahlukeneyo zingasetyenziselwa ukwandisa imisebenzi yayo.

•    GeneXus

Yisoftware yophuhliso enamandla esetyenziswa kwicandelo leshishini, kwaye ikuvumela ukuba wenze usetyenziso lweemeko-bume zeWindows, usetyenziso oluphathwayo kunye namaphepha ewebhu. Iluncedo kakhulu kubaphuhlisi bewebhu, kuba yenziwe ziindidi ezahlukeneyo zogcino-lwazi ezifana ne: MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, njl.

•      lokubhalela ++

Kule meko, umhleli wombhalo kunye nekhowudi yomthombo zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwihlabathi, kuba isimahla kwaye ilula kakhulu, ukongeza kwinkxaso yeelwimi ezingaphezu kwama-50 zokucwangcisa kwaye isinika ithuba lokongeza ezethu. iilwimi. Ijoliswe kwiWindows, ngezixhobo ezinje nge-Snap kunokwenzeka ukuba isebenze kwizicelo ezininzi zeLinux.

• Minecraft

Ngumdlalo wevidiyo owenziwe kwiJava kwaye wamkelwa ngokubanzi. Ngumdlalo apho umdlali avunyelwe ukuphuhlisa ngokukhululekileyo ubuchule babo bokudala naluphi na uhlobo lolwakhiwo, ukuhlola, ukulwa nokuphucula abalinganiswa babo; ivumela ukudityaniswa nabanye abadlali ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ze-intanethi. Ngoku iphantsi kweMicrosoft.

• I-ThinkFree

Ziyiqela leenkqubo zeofisi ezenziwe kwiJava kwaye ziyahambelana namanye amaqonga afana ne: Android, Windows, Linux kunye neMac OS. Ezi zixhobo ezisebenzayo kwaye zaziwa njenge-Prosesa yegama lokuBhala, i-spreadsheet ebizwa ngokuba yiCalc, isoftwe yomboniso ebizwa ngokuba nguBonisa, umhleli we-HTML, kunye nomhleli weblogi obizwa ngokuba yiNqaku.

• Isitudiyo soMphuhlisi we-Oracle:

Yi-IDE esekwe kwi-NetBeans. Ijoliswe kwiindawo ezifana neSolaris, iRHEL kunye nokuhanjiswa kweLinux. Ijongiswe phantsi kwenkqubo kwiilwimi ezinje ngeFortran, C kunye neC ++.

• Ikhaya eliSwiti le-3D:

Yinkqubo yophuhliso ye-NetBeans, ejolise ngokukodwa kuyilo kunye neengcali zoyilo lwegraphic kuba ikuvumela ukuba wenze iiplani ze-2D zendlu okanye amagumbi, amagumbi okanye iiholo kwaye emva koko ubone iziphumo kwindawo enemigangatho emithathu. Olu hlobo lweprogram lunenzuzo yokuba luqhuba kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezifana ne: Linux, Mac kunye neWindows.

• I-Chrome:

Okwangoku kunye nehlabathi jikelele yaziwa kwaye isikhangeli sewebhu sikaGoogle esaziwayo. Sisixhobo esinokwenza uhlalutyo oluphambili kunye nokulungiswa kwe-C ++. Yenziwe kwiprojekthi yeChromium.

Kula maxesha anamhlanje, imizekelo eboniswe ngasentla yeyona yaziwa kakhulu kwaye isetyenziswa, njengezixhobo zesoftware yenkqubo yangoku, nangona kunjalo asinakoyisakala ukukhankanya eminye imizekelo, ethe kwiminyaka edlulileyo isetyenziswa njengabaqhubekisi okanye abaphuhlisi beenkqubo kwaye esele kubuchwephesha. imarike. Uninzi lwazo lulandelayo:

• Cobol : Lulwimi lwenkqubo eyenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwezorhwebo.
• wephimpi :Yayiyinjini yokuqala yeskripthi esetyenziswe kwiseva kaMicrosoft kumaphepha ewebhu.
• Easter : Lulwimi lwenkqubo olunzima olusetyenziswa njengeprosesa kwiikhompyuter ezinkulu.
• RPG : Olu hlobo lolwimi lwenkqubo lusetyenziselwa ukuphuhlisa izicelo zoshishino.
• Java: Liqela leenkcukacha zekhompyuter kunye nezicelo ezilungiselelwe ukuphuhlisa isoftware ejolise kwindawo yeplatform..
• Iibhloko : Ulwimi lwenkqubo oluvumela ukudalwa kweebhloko, ngaphakathi apho sinokubandakanya iibhloko ezifakwe kwindlwane kwaye, ngokulandelelana, ezi zingaphakathi kwezinye iibhloko. Olu hlobo lwenkqubo lwaziwa njengenkqubo yebhloko ecwangcisiweyo.

Izinto eziluncedo kwiNkqubo yeSoftware

Ezinye zezibonelelo ezibonelelwa yinkqubo yesoftware ngaphakathi kwecandelo leTekhnoloji zezi:

• Ufakelo lweenkqubo lwenziwa ngendlela yobuqu.
• Ukuphunyezwa kwemisebenzi kwinkqubo iqhutyelwa kwindawo, echaphazela isantya xa kusetyenzwa ulwazi.
• Zizinzile kwaye zomelele kwizicelo ezikhoyo kwiWebhu.
• Bahlala besebenzisa iinkqubo zokusebenza ezibandakanya iikhompyuter, kunye neemfuno zesoftware.
• Ukufikelela ekuphuhliseni ukucinga okungabonakaliyo kunye nezibalo ukusombulula iingxaki ezinzima.
• Ivuselela ukuzimela ekufundeni kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu lophuhliso lwezakhono zengqondo.
• Ukomeleza uphuhliso lwezakhono zokusebenza ngokubambisana ngokufuna izisombululo zeqela elitsha.
• Ihlanganisa ukusetyenziswa “kobukrelekrele obuhlukeneyo kwiiprojekthi ekwabelwana ngazo: iilwimi, izibalo, ubugcisa, indawo, umculo, ukusebenzisana nabantu kunye nabantu.
• Ivuselela umdla kumantombazana nakumakhwenkwe kwizifundo zezibalo kunye ne-STEM (iSayensi, iTekhnoloji, ubuNjineli neMathematika) ngokubanzi, nto leyo eyandisa ngokulinganayo ngakumbi amathuba emisebenzi abo bonke abafundi kwezi nkalo.

Nangona kunjalo, iiNdawo eziHlangeneyo zoPhuhliso zibonelela ngezibonelelo ezithetha ngokwazo ezifana nezi:

• Ivumela ukuba sisebenzise ikhowudi yokulungisa iimpazamo.
• Unokhetho olukhawulezayo lokufumana iifayile ezineenguqu ezichaziweyo kunye nemisebenzi.
• Ukuqinisekiswa kwekhowudi kunokwenziwa, oko kukuthi, qinisekisa ukuba akukho zimpazamo kwi-syntax yethu.
• Iiplagi okanye izandiso zihlanganiswe ukugqiba nokuphucula imisebenzi yayo.
• Ikuvumela ukuba ufake isicelo kuzo zonke iiprojekthi ukusuka kwiseshoni enye.

Ngalo lonke olu phuculo lukhoyo xa kuthelekiswa nomhleli wokubhaliweyo oqhelekileyo, kucacile ukuba ukusebenzisa i-EDI kuvelisa izibonelelo ezininzi xa udwelisa inkqubo.

Ukungalungi kweNkqubo yeSoftware

• Akukhuthazwa ukuyisebenzisa kuphela kwiiprojekthi zexesha elide, ngokuchaseneyo, kufuneka zisetyenziswe kwixesha elifutshane.
• Iikhomishini kunye neendleko ziphezulu kakhulu xa iinkqubo zingasebenzi okanye zibonise ukungaphumeleli kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo
• Azikho bhetyebhetye ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukuzilungelelanisa nemigaqo XP
• Isenokungaqwalaselwa ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwayo njengophuhliso lwesiqhelo lwesiqhelo.

Ulandelelwano lwesoftware yokucwangcisa

Ukulandelelana okuthe ngqo kophuhliso lwesoftware, ukusuka kwisigaba sokuqala ukuya kwinqanaba lokugqibela, kubandakanya nemeko yokusebenza kwayo. Ingcamango kukugqiba izigaba ezahlukeneyo eziphakathi ezifunekayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphuhliswa kwesicelo, ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa ukuba isofthiwe iyahlangabezana neemfuno zesicelo kunye nokuqinisekiswa kweenkqubo zophuhliso. Ngeenjongo ezinjalo, kuqinisekisiwe ukuba iindlela ezisetyenziswayo zifanelekile.

Oku kuvela kwinto yokuba kubiza kakhulu ukulungisa iimpazamo ezifunyenwe emva kwexesha ekuphunyezweni okanye kwisigaba sokucwangcisa ngokwaso, ngexesha lesigaba sokusebenza. Olu landelelwano lwesakhiwo, olubizwa ngokuba ngumjikelezo wobomi beprogram yeprogram, luvumela iimpazamo ukuba zibonwe ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngoko ke abaphuhlisi banokugxila kumgangatho wesofthiwe malunga nokuphunyezwa kunye neendleko ezibandakanya oku.

Inkqubo elandelelanayo inokwakheka ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Inkcazo yeenjongo: misela umphumo weprojekthi kunye nendima yayo kwisicwangciso esipheleleyo.
• Uhlalutyo lweemfuno kunye nokuba nokwenzeka kwazo: qokelela, uvavanye kwaye uyile iimfuno zomthengi kwaye uphonononge naziphi na izithintelo ezinokusebenza.
• Uyilo ngokubanzi: iimfuno ngokubanzi zesakhiwo sesicelo.
• Yila ngokweenkcukacha: ingqiqo echanekileyo yesetyana ngalinye lesicelo.
• Ukucwangcisa (inkqubo nokuphunyezwa): kukuphunyezwa kulwimi lweprogram ukuyila imisebenzi echazwe ngexesha loyilo.
• Uvavanyo lweyunithi - Uvavanyo oluchanekileyo lweseti nganye kwisicelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziphunyezwe ngokweenkcukacha.
• Udibaniso: ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimodyuli ezahlukeneyo kunye neeapplet zidityanisiwe kunye nesicelo. Le yinjongo yovavanyo lokudibanisa ekufuneka lubhalwe ngononophelo.
• Uvavanyo lokuqinisekisa, olunoxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuba isoftware iyahlangabezana neenkcukacha zokuqala.
• Amaxwebhu: Oku kuhambelana nencwadana yomsebenzisi equlethe lonke ulwazi oluyimfuneko kubasebenzisi besofthiwe apho imisebenzi yenkqubo nganye yokuphuhliswa kohlengahlengiso oluzayo, izandiso kunye nezilungiso zichazwe.
• Ulungiso: kuzo zonke iinkqubo zolungiso kunye nohlaziyo oluncinci lwesoftware oluqhubekayo.

Kubalulekile ukugqamisa ukuba umyalelo, ubukho kunye nokuvumelanisa nganye kwezi nkqubo kulandelelwano lwesakhiwo seprogram yeprogram kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwemodeli ekuvunyelwene ngayo phakathi komxhasi kunye neqela labaphuhlisi. Umzekelo ngulo isoftware yasimahla olandelelwano lwesakhiwo lunamandla kakhulu, kuba abadwelisi benkqubo abaninzi basebenza ngaxeshanye bephuhlisa izicelo zabo.