Yazi ngale post, konke malunga inkqubo yekhompyuter, umntu ojongene nokugcina, ukusetyenzwa kunye nokubuyisela idatha
Inkqubo yekhompyutha
Ku nokuba njalo chaza inkqubo yekhompyuter njengeendlela ezahlukeneyo zobuchule ezisetyenziselwa ukuseka inxalenye esisiseko yokusetyenzwa kwedathabheyisi, nokuba kukuphunyezwa kweenkqubo zolawulo ezifana nezabasebenzi okanye iinkqubo ezintsokothe ngakumbi ezidibanisa ngokupheleleyo ikhompuyutha kunye nesoftware kunye nehardware ebambekayo ngakumbi.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba inkqubo yekhompyuter ivumela ukuba sigcine ngokupheleleyo kunye nokukwazi ukusasaza idatha kunye nokusingqongileyo esikuchazayo ekuqaleni kokusetyenziswa koku ukuze sifezekise iinjongo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo okanye imisebenzi ngaphakathi kwintlangano. ulawulo lomsebenzi ngamnye kunye namandla okwenza izigqibo ngendlela epheleleyo nebanzi.
El umjikelo wobomi benkqubo yekhompyuter iqala ngalo mzuzu apho amaziko aza kusetyenziswa awabalulekanga ngamanyathelo ezoqoqosho esifuna ukuwaseka njengokuthenga, ukuthengisa, intlawulo okanye ukuqokelela; kunye neenkqubo ezifuna ukuseka ulawulo okanye idatha yokuvelisa. Into ebalulekileyo kukuba kunokwenzeka ukuseka uhlalutyo olupheleleyo lwedatha oluvumela ukuba senze iifom ngaphakathi kwezixhobo zekhompyutha. Ezi datha zinokufunyanwa kwiindawo ezisekelwe kakhulu ezifana nezo zangaphakathi kwintlangano okanye ukuguquguquka okuncinci kunye nezo zifumaneka kumaphepha ahlukeneyo e-intanethi.
Kufuneka siqonde ukuba idatha okanye ulwazi esiluphetheyo lusivumela ukuba siseke iiparamitha zokufunda ezisivumela ukuba senze utshintsho ukuze sifezekise ukudibanisa, ukuguqulwa kunye nokugcinwa kwedatha ehambelana nabathengi abahlukeneyo benkqubo yekhompyutha esiyiseka ngaphakathi umbutho.
Kwelinye icala, ukuqonda ngcono iikhonsepthi ezahlukeneyo esiza kuziphuhlisa kweli nqaku, siyakumema ukuba ufikelele kule miathiriyeli ilandelayo ye-audiovisual eya kuchaza ngokweenkcukacha nganye kwezi nkcukacha siza kuzifumana apha.
Amalungu enkqubo yekhompyuter
Ekubeni sele siyichazile ingcamango esiyiphuhlisayo, sinokuqala ukuchaza nganye ye Amalungu enkqubo yekhompyuter esebenza ngokupheleleyo, esebenzayo kwaye ezinikele kuphuhliso lobuchwepheshe esilufunayo kumbutho wethu.
- Ikhonkco lokuqhubekekisa: Okokuqala, xa siza kuchaza amacandelo ahlukeneyo esinokufikelela kwinkqubo yekhompyutheni ethembekileyo kakhulu, sisigaba sokucubungula esisinceda ukuba siseke ukugqithiswa kwezinto esiya kuzifezekisa ekuqhubeni idatha yomzimba. esivumela ukuba senze idatha yokuqala. Siza kusebenzisa ezi datha eziphambili ngaphakathi kwekhonkco lokucubungula ukufezekisa ukufumana, ukubonisana, ukuqokelela kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo zonke ngendlela enoxanduva ngaphakathi kwintlangano.
- Izixhobo zombane: izixhobo esizisebenzisayo ukuze simisele inkqubo yenkcazelo zisenza sikuqonde ngokunzulu nangokuchane ngakumbi oko sinokukuphumeza kuyo yonke intlangano. La maqela asivumela ukuba siseke iinkqubo zenkxaso okanye uthumelo olwahlukileyo olunjengamasango okanye ii-HUBs eziphuhlisa ukhuseleko olongezelelweyo kwizinto esizisungule njengombutho. Kubalulekile ukuba njengombutho siqonde iintlobo zezixhobo ze-elektroniki ezinikezelwa yimarike kwaye zeziphi ezinokugubungela ngokupheleleyo iimfuno zethu, kungoko sikushiya eli khonkco lilandelayo elichaza nganye yezi mpawu ngokweenkcukacha. Iindidi zekhompyuter
- Ulwazi lwenkxaso: Elinye lawona macandelo asetyenziswa kakhulu ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yekhompyuter lulwazi lobuchwephesha oluvela kwisicelo kunye nokwenziwa kweencwadi ezahlukeneyo ezifunyenwe ngaphakathi kwezixhobo zobugcisa ezinjengeekhompyuter okanye inkxaso ukuze kusekwe ukusetyenziswa kobugcisa obusebenzayo kunye neenkqubo ngokubanzi.
- Iimanyuwali: Njengomthetho jikelele, inkqubo yekhompyuter esetyenziswayo ngaphakathi kwintlangano kufuneka ize neencwadana zabasebenzisi ukuphumeza uqhelaniso, uqeqesho kunye nesikhokelo sabasebenzi esinabo kwinkampani, umbutho okanye umbutho. Kanye njengokuba iincwadana zokusebenza zisetyenziselwa ukukwazi ukuchonga indlela yokuziphatha yolawulo ngaphakathi kwintlangano, inkqubo yekhompyutheni ivumela ukuba sikhokele abasebenzi abatsha okanye sicacise amathandabuzo anokuthi avele kulo lonke umbutho.
- Iintlobo zolwazi: Okokugqibela, singakhankanya icandelo eliluncedo kakhulu kwinqanaba lombutho kunye nokusebenza ngokubulela kwiifomathi ezidla ngokuboniswa ngazo, ezahlukeneyo kwaye zifikeleleke ngokulula, njengeDVD, iiCD's, pen drive, cloud, prints okanye kancinci kakhulu, ecwangcisiweyo kwaye kunzima ukufikelela kuyo ukuba ayingobantu bombutho, njengoovimba beenkcukacha esinokuzigcina kwiihard drives zangaphakathi okanye zangaphandle, ukuze kukhuselwe inkqubo nganye esekwe ngaphakathi kwinkampani.
Iindidi zeenkqubo zekhompyuter
Xa sibhekisa kuhlelo lwenkqubo yekhompyuter, sithetha ngeesistim ezisivumela ukuba sisebenzise ulawulo lwezixhobo zeperipheral zenkqubo yekhompyuter ngendlela epheleleyo necandekileyo yokuqonda ukuziphatha komntu ngamnye kubo.
Ukusetyenzwa kolwazi olusisiseko
Xa sithetha ngolu hlobo lweenkqubo zekhomputha, sibhekisela kwezo khomputha ezinamandla kuphela okuseka imisebenzi yokucubungula idatha ngaphandle kweminye imisebenzi enokuthi idityaniswe ngokusebenzayo.
Olu hlobo lwenkqubo yekhompyuter luphawulwa ngokuba nobutyebi boluntu obudibanisa okanye bubandakanya idatha nganye eyimfuneko ukuze kuphunyezwe ukusetyenzwa, ukuhlalutya kunye nokuboniswa kweziphumo ezondla inkqubo, phakathi kwezi ntlobo zenkqubo esinokuyifeza:
Inkqubo yokuqhuba intengiselwano
Le nkqubo yekhompyuter yaziwa ngokuqhelekileyo njengeenkqubo ze-TPS, ezigxile okanye ezinikezelwe ekuqhutyweni komzimba wedatha eyahlukileyo esinokuhlala sinxibelelana ngayo ngokuthe ngqo nemisebenzi eqhelekileyo yombutho. Ukuze siqonde le ngcamango, sinokwenza umzekelo weefayile zokuhlawula, ukuthenga okanye ukuthengisa ii-invoyisi, ii-invoyisi zenkonzo, ukuhlawulwa kwezibophelelo ezahlukeneyo, phakathi kwabanye.
Iinkqubo ezizenzekelayo zeofisi
I-OAS okanye i-ofisi ye-automation system iyaziwa njengezo ndlela ezivumela thina, abasebenzi bentlangano, inkampani, uphawu okanye i-corporation, ukuba siqhube ngokupheleleyo iitekisi, idatha, imiboniso, iikhalenda, unxibelelwano okanye nayiphi na imisebenzi eqhelekileyo. Oku kudla ngokuvumela iinkampani, iinkampani okanye iinkampani ukuba ziseke iinkqubo zokusombulula iingxaki zemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla evelisa isiqhelo kwaye inokugqibela ngokulityalwa ngabasebenzi. Phakathi kwezisombululo ezibonelelwa yi-OAS kukucwangciswa kwee-ajenda, inkqubo yomsebenzi, ukubonisana kwedatha, phakathi kwabanye.
Inkqubo yolwazi lolawulo
I-MIS kwisifinyezo sayo ngesiNgesi inokuchazwa njengenkqubo yekhompyutha enenjongo yokubandakanya i-TPS nganye esiyisekayo ngaphakathi kwintlangano kunye nokukwazi ukwenza uvimba wedatha oxhaswa kakhulu osivumela ukuba sinikeze ingxelo eneenkcukacha ngokupheleleyo abalawuli abohlukeneyo abondla le database.
Ngokuphathelele uqhelaniso olunokuthi lunikwe kule nkqubo yekhompyuter, iya kuxhomekeka ngokukodwa kwiiparamitha esithe saziseka ukuphumeza isisombululo esisebenzayo ngokupheleleyo seengxaki ngaphakathi kwenkampani.
Enye yeenzuzo i-MIS isinika zona kukuba ivumela ukubandakanywa kwemisebenzi engapheliyo engayi kuthoba umgangatho womgangatho okanye ukugqwesa esikumiselayo, kodwa iya kubonisa ukusilela kwintlangano esinakho ukuze sikwazi ukugubungela le miba. ngokweemfuno zombutho ngokunjalo ukugcinwa kothintelo nokulungiswa kwenkqubo yekhompyutha.
Inkqubo yokuxhasa izigqibo
Xa sihlalutya olu hlobo lwesistim yekhompyutha sizifumanisa sinomatshini osekelwe kwi-MIS noya kusivumela ukuba siseke uhlaziyo lwedathabheyisi okanye ulwazi oluphambili oluza okanye oluvela kwinqanaba lokuqala, elilicandelo loluntu esilifumanayo. kwintlangano yethu.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba iinkqubo zenkxaso yokwenza izigqibo okanye i-DSS yesifinyezo sayo ngesiNgesi ivumela ukukhuthaza kunye nokusekela izigqibo ezisekelwe kumbutho ngamnye, ukuphumeza ukuthembela okwandisiweyo kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko onokuthi ufakwe ngaphakathi kwintlangano ulwazi oluhlalutywayo.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ucazululo lokusebenza okanye iindlela zobungakanani esizisekayo ngaphakathi kokusebenza okuqhelekileyo kombutho ziya kusivumela ukuba siseke izakhiwo ezipheleleyo ezisivumela ukuba sibone iimpazamo xa sihlalutya uvimba wedatha esiwufumana kwiinkqubo zethu zekhompyuter.
Xa sisebenzisa ezi nkqubo zenkxaso ukuseka ukwenziwa kwezigqibo, siya kukwazi ukusebenzisa iinkqubo ezithathelwa ingqalelo kwaye zihlelwe njengemigca elawula ngokupheleleyo nangokuchanekileyo izigqibo ezahlukeneyo zomntu okanye iqela esifumana inguqulelo engcono yethu njengombutho.
Enye yeenzuzo i-DSS esinika yona kukuba yinkqubo yekhompyutha elungelelanisa ulwazi lweqela okanye lomntu ngamnye esivumela ukuba siphantse salathisa ngokugqibeleleyo amaqela ahlukeneyo abantu abenza abasebenzi bombutho okanye inkampani.
Iinkqubo ezisekelwe kubukrelekrele bokwenziwa
Enye yeengqikelelo ekufuneka siziphathe ngokufanelekileyo xa sithetha ngobuchwephesha obutsha bubukrelekrele bokwenziwa. I-Artificial Intelligence yenye yamasebe akhule kwaye avela kakhulu.
Iinkqubo ezisekelwe kubukrelekrele bokwenziwa zisivumela ukuba sigubungele ngokupheleleyo imimandla eyahlukeneyo esiyiphuhlisayo ngaphakathi kwemibutho esebenza kunye nemimandla yetekhnoloji egxile kuphuhliso olufana neerobhothi okanye iipateni zombutho ezichonga ukuvela kwezinto ezibonakalayo, zedijithali kunye nezokuva ukufezekisa ukulinganisa kweentshukumo zolwimi kunye nenkqubo yezobuchwephesha. ukuxhotyiswa kwabantu.
Xa silawula ukuseka le nkqubo yekhompyutha ngaphakathi kwintlangano yethu, siyaqonda ukuba ngokumalunga ne-MIS okanye i-DDS, basinika intsimi ebonakalayo esinceda ukuba sicinge ngemisebenzi emininzi yabantu okanye esebenzayo esinceda ukuba siqhube idatha ephambili esiyenzayo. ufumane okokuqala ..
Inkqubo esekelwe kumgaqo wolwazi
Le nkqubo yekhompyuter isenza sikwazi ukuseka ulwazi olupheleleyo noluntsokothileyo olusinika ithuba lokudala imithetho esivumela ukuba sazi indawo esebenzayo nepheleleyo yentlangano yethu. Phakathi kweefom zolawulo esinokuzifumana ngaphakathi kwesi sixokelelwano sekhompyutha sinemiqathango, ezinye izinto okanye izenzo ezifanayo eziseka ithoni yolwazi.
Le nkqubo yekhompyutha yeengcali ngokubanzi ivumela ukuba sazi kwaye siqonde indlela abasebenzi abasivumela ngayo ukuba senze ugcino olupheleleyo lwesiseko sedatha esiyivelisayo ngaphakathi kwintlangano.
Esinye sezigxeko esifunyanwa kakhulu yinkqubo yekhompyutha esekelwe kwimithetho yolwazi kukuba ziindlela ekunzima ukuzidibanisa okanye ukuziveza ngokwaneleyo.
Inkqubo yokuqiqa esekelwe kwimeko
Lulungelelwaniso olucwangcisiweyo olusekwe kuthelekiso olubonisa uhlobo lokumelwa kolwazi ngolo hlobo. Bajolisa kwindlela enyanisekileyo efuna ngayo ukuncoma okanye ukomeleza ukucinga komntu. Ekubeni oku kugxininisa kumava adlulileyo ukuze akwazi ukwenza izenzo zangoku, ngale ndlela uphuhliso olutsha, ukufunda kunye neendlela zokuqiqa zinokusetyenziswa.
Le nkqubo isebenza ngendlela ethile kakhulu njengoko isinika ulwazi olupheleleyo lwamava esele lusekiwe ngokuhambelana nomxholo ngamnye weenkcukacha ezikhokelela kuloo mzuzu, oku kudala i-database evumela ukuba inkqubo yekhompyutha ilungiswe. ikamva lilungiselelwe ukuba kuvele enye imeko elolu hlobo.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba le nkqubo yekhompyuter inesalathiso somngcipheko omkhulu kuba, njengoko isekelwe kumava omntu, inokuba yinto ephantsi kakhulu kwicala lomntu ocwangcise inkqubo. Ngoko ke uyinikezela ngendlela engafanelekanga ukuba ilungele umbutho.
Inkqubo yenethiwekhi ye-neural eyenziweyo
Ii-ANN okanye inkqubo yekhompyuter egxile kwinkqubela phambili yayo kuthungelwano lwe-neural eyenziweyo lusekwe ekuphumezeni indlela esebenza ngayo i-neurons ebantwini. Ezi nkqubo zibuchwephesha obuphezulu kuba zenziwe ngamawaka ee-neuron ezenziweyo ezidibana kunye ukuphuhlisa izisombululo zolwazi ngokweenkcukacha zogcino-lwazi esithe saziseka.
Enye yezona mpumelelo zinkulu ezinokuthi ziphunyezwe ngenkqubo yekhompyuter ye-RNA kukuseka indlela yokusebenza engaguqukiyo kwaye iphelele, nangona kunjalo olu lwazi lunokuthi lunikezelwe kuthi ngenqanaba elithile lempazamo okanye elingaphelelanga, yiyo loo nto kucetyiswa. ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwale nkqubo yekhompyutha kugxininiswe kwimisebenzi elula ngaphakathi kumbutho.
Iinkqubo ezisekelwe kwii-algorithms zofuzo
Le yinkqubo yekhompyuter enenguqu enkulu kwaye ivunyiwe ngophuhliso lobuchwepheshe esinokulufumana apha. Inkqubo yekhompyuter esekelwe kwii-algorithms zofuzo okanye i-GA zizicelo zeendlela ezidityanisiweyo enye kwenye kwaye zifuna ukuhlanganiswa kunye nophuhliso olupheleleyo lwezinto zofuzo eziye zasekwa kwizityalo kunye nezilwanyana ukugqiba ubuchule obuzifundela ngokwabo.
Abacwangcisi bale nkqubo yekhompyutha banethemba lokuba ulwazi lwe-algorithms yofuzo luya kuvumela iikhomputha ukuba zifunde ukuchonga idatha eguquguqukayo ngokwazo ukuba isetyenziswe ekukhangeleni izisombululo ezahlukeneyo.
Iinkqubo zekhompyuter ze-GA zivumela iipatheni ukuba zisekwe okanye isiseko sedatha esisingqongileyo ngokupheleleyo esivumela ukuba siguquke kwaye sifezekise inani lezisombululo zemisebenzi eqhelekileyo ngaphakathi kombutho.
Sinokufikelela ezi zisombululo ngokusekelwe kwidatha ephambili eguquguqukayo ngokubanzi, eguqulela njengento eguquguqukayo yombutho kunye noncedo oluncinci kwinqanaba lokwenziwa.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokuseka ulwazi oluguquguqukayo njengedatha ephambili, ivumela le nkqubo yekhompyutha ye-GA ukuba izimise ngeendlela zamanani ngokupheleleyo ezifana ne-accounting, imali, uqoqosho okanye iinkqubo zophicotho. Ndiyabulela kwinto yokuba uyakwazi ukuhlalutya kwaye agxininise inani leziphumo ezibalulekileyo kula balawuli.
Iinkqubo ezisekelwe kubuchule beWebhu
Le yenye yezona nkqubo zekhompyutha zaziwayo kwihlabathi jikelele kwaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu kumanqanaba ohlukeneyo omsebenzi. IWebhu yeHlabathi eBanzi okanye njengoko sisazi iWWW. Ivumela isizukulwana esitsha senkqubo yekhompyutheni ukuba sikwazi ukulungelelanisa ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokupheleleyo kweli qonga ledijithali.
Le ngcamango ivumele i-Intranet kunye nee-WEBs ezijoliswe ngaphandle ukuba zizibeke njengenkqubo yekhompyutha eguqukayo ngokupheleleyo kunye noncedo oluqhubekayo kumntu ngamnye osebenza kwi-Intanethi.
I-Intranet kunye neWebhu zisivumela ukuba siseke inkqubo yekhompyutha egxile kulawulo lwangaphakathi lwe-portal apho sisebenza khona. Oku kuthetha ukuba bajonge i-database abalawulayo ukuseka ukuhlanganiswa kolwazi okanye idatha eluncedo kakhulu kumthengi we-portal.