Ngaphandle kweMercury kunye neVenus, zonke ezinye iiplanethi ezikwiSolar System zinenani lemizimba yesibhakabhaka eqinileyo, eyaziwa ngokuba IiSathelayithi zendalo, bajikeleze iiplanethi, bafunde ngakumbi malunga nabo kule post.
Yintoni iiSathelayithi zeNdalo?
Un isathelayithi yendalo Yinto ephilayo ejikeleza iplanethi, ayijongwa njengento eyenziweyo kuba ayenziwanga ngabantu, ezo zidalwa zisoloko zibizwa ngokuba ziinyanga, eli binzana lidla ngokusetyenziswa ukukhankanya iisathelayithi ezingezizo ezendalo zeplanethi, ngamanye amaxesha iiplanethi ezincinci okanye ezincinci.
Kukho iinyanga ezingama-240 ezaziwayo kwisixokelelwano sesijikelezi-langa, eziqulathe i-163 ezijikelezayo kufutshane neeplanethi, iiplanethi ezine ezijikelezayo ezincinci, kunye nezinye ezininzi ezijikelezayo ezincinci zesixokelelwano selanga.
Inyanga esiyijongileyo yisathelayithi yendalo, iinyanga ezikufutshane nezinye iiplanethi zikwayiNatural Satellites, iisathelayithi ezibekwa ngabantu emajukujukwini zibizwa ngokuba. Iisathelayithi zokwenziwa.
Zonke izazinzulu ziyavuma ukuba iiplanethi kunye namanye amaqumrhu amakhulu asemajukujukwini ayaphumelela IiSathelayithi zendalo ngokuvalelwa entolongweni ngomtsalane womxhuzulane womzimba omkhulu, oku kuthetha ukuba iinyanga ezimbalwa zazidla ngokumitha emajukujukwini xa zisondele kakhulu kwiplanethi.
Umxhuzulane wesi sijikelezi-langa wawukhupha inyanga kwintshukumo yayo eya phambili esibhakabhakeni waza wayibangela ukuba ijikeleze (okanye ijikeleze) ijikeleze isijikelezi-langa.
Inyanga yethu yadalwa ngenxa yempembelelo enkulu eMhlabeni, oku kuthetha ukuba i-asteroid enkulu yantlitheka emhlabeni kwaza kwadutyulwa amatye amaninzi nothuli emajukujukwini, yonke le nto yadityaniswa yaza yenza iNyanga esithubeni, ikude ngokwaneleyo ukuba isondele ngokwaneleyo emhlabeni. ukubanjwa kutsalo lomxhuzulane.
Iimpawu zeeSathelayithi zeNdalo
Los IiSathelayithi zendalo zibonakaliswa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
amandla olwandle
Umtsalane wokutsala owenziwe ngumzimba wezulu owandisa amaza komnye umzimba ngaphakathi kwintsimi yomxhuzulane, oku kuxhomekeke kumgama oguquguqukayo phakathi kwemizimba.
Ukuphakama
Umphakamo ngumgama othe nkqo wento ukusuka kumgangatho owaziwayo, othatyathwa njengesalathiso kwaye ubizwe ngokuba ngu-zero level, kumaxesha amaninzi, kodwa akusoloko kusenzeka, lo ngumgangatho wolwandle kwaye ulinganiswa ngeemitha ngaphezulu komphakamo ukusuka elwandle.
Ubude ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle bubizwa ngokuba bubude obupheleleyo, kwaye kule meko yenye yeendlela ezintathu zomhlaba ezihamba kunye nobude kunye nobude.
iintlobo zeendlela
IiSathelayithi zendalo zahlulwe ngokwentshukumo yazo kunye ne-orbit:
Rhoqo
Iisathelayithi eziqhelekileyo zezo zijika kwicala elinye neplanethi.
ngokungaqhelekanga
Yisathelayithi yendalo ehlala ilandela i-orbit ekude okanye e-diagonal kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ngasemva, yayibanjwe yiplanethi yabo unina, ngokungafaniyo neesathelayithi eziqhelekileyo, ezidalwe kwi-orbit ejikelezayo.
Iisathelayithi ezingaqhelekanga zeeplanethi zihlala zichongwa njengenani elihlukeneyo lezinto ezincinci kakhulu ezihlala kwii-orbits ezinotyekelo oluphezulu kunye nezinto ezikhethekileyo..
Ukuhlelwa kweesathelayithi kwisixokelelwano selanga
Iisathelayithi kwisixokelelwano selanga zihlelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Iisathelayithi zabafundisi: Yaziwa njengenyanga ejikeleza kumda wesangqa seplanethi, ikhusela amasuntswana eringi ngokutsala umxhuzulane kwaye icinezela iringi kumphetho ocacileyo ocacileyo.
- Iisathelayithi zeTrojan: Zii-asteroids ezithwala i-orbit eneplanethi, kodwa zingqubana kwindawo yokuqala neyokugqibela yeLagrangian.
- Iisathelayithi ezidibeneyo: Zezo apho ubuncinci imizimba emibini inxibelelana nge-orbit efanayo.
- Iisathelayithi zeAsteroid: Uninzi lwenkunkuma yakudala yakudala inokufunyanwa ijikeleza ilanga phakathi kweMars neJupiter ngaphakathi kwebhanti enkulu yeasteroid.
Zonke ii-asteroids ezinobukhulu obahlukeneyo, eyona inkulu ijikeleze i-530 yeekhilomitha ububanzi kwaye inemizimba engaphantsi kwe-10 leemitha ububanzi, ubunzima bubonke beyona asteroids exubeneyo bungaphantsi kobo beNyanga yoMhlaba..
- Iisathelayithi zesathelayithi: Azikho ezaziwayo zeSathelayithi zeNdalo ezijikeleza isathelayithi yendalo yomnye umzimba, ayichanekanga kakhulu ukwazi ukuba kukho izinto ezilawula ukuba ziqine kwixesha elide, kwiimeko ezininzi, iziphumo eziphantsi kweeprimaries zabo zikhuthaza inkqubo ethe ukuba Ukungazinzi, ubunzima bezinye izinto ezikufutshane bungaguqula i-orbit yesathelayithi yesathelayithi ide ihambe okanye ibe nefuthe kwindawo yayo yokuqala.
Iisathelayithi zendalo kwisixokelelwano selanga
Ngokutsho kwezifundo ezenziweyo, kunokuchongwa ukuba kukho iinyanga ze-171 okanye IiSathelayithi zendalo, ezijikelezayo kwiiplanethi ezifumaneka kwisixokelelwano selanga, le nkcazelo ilandelayo ibonisa uludwe lwenye yeenyanga eziphambili zeplanethi:
- Umhlaba: Inyanga.
- UMars: IiDeimos kunye nePhobos.
- IJupiter: Amalthea, Adrasthea, Aitné, Callisto, Europa, Ganymede, Io.
- USaturn: Dione, Enceladus, Hyperion, Iapetus, Methone, Mimas, Mundilfari, Phoebe, Rhea, Tethys, Titan.
- Uranus: Ariel, Caliban, Cordelia, Cressida, Miranda, Oberon, Titania, Umbriel.
- Neptune: Galatea, Halimede, Laomedeia, Nereida, Triton.
- IPluto: Charon, Hydra, Nyx, Cerberus, Styx.
Phakathi kwezona satellite zibalulekileyo zezi:
luna
INyanga yiyo yodwa isathelayithi yendalo yoMhlaba, yadalwa kwiminyaka eyi-4.600 yeebhiliyoni eyadlulayo kwaye kuthiwa yadalwa xa uMhlaba wangqubana nento elingana neplanethi ebizwa ngokuba yiTheia, yinyanga yesihlanu ngobukhulu kwinkqubo yethu yezijikelezi-langa kwaye iyeyesibini into eqaqambileyo esibhakabhakeni emva kwelanga.
Enceladus
I-Enceladus yinyanga encinci yomkhenkce yeSaturn esebenza ngokwejoloji, kunye nommandla ongqingqwa wetectonised kwincam esemazantsi ephawulwa ngokuphuma kobushushu obugqithisileyo kunye neegiza zeenkozo zomkhenkce ezinetyuwa, umphunga wamanzi, kunye neekhompawundi eziphilayo.
UGanymede
Inyanga kaJupiter iGanymede yeyona satellite inkulu kwiplanethi yelanga, inkulu kakhulu kune IiSathelayithi zendalo zeMercury kunye nePluto, incinci nje kancinci kunesijikelezi-langa iMars kwaye ibinokuchazwa ngokulula njengeplanethi ukuba ilanga belijikeleza endaweni yeJupiter.
IGanymede inobubanzi obumalunga ne-5,270 km, nto leyo eyenza ibe nkulu kuneplanethi iMercury. IJupiter ejikelezayo kumgama oziikhilomitha ezisisi-1,070,000, uxinano oluphantsi lweGanymede oluyi-1.93 grams nge-cubic cm nganye lubonisa ukuba ukwakheka kwayo kumalunga nesiqingatha samatye kunye nesiqingatha somkhenkce wamanzi ngobunzima.
Ubungakanani beeSathelayithi zeNdalo kwiSolar System
Iisathelayithi ubukhulu becala zineplanethi enkulu kwisixokelelwano selanga, iJupiter ineesathelayithi zeenkwenkwezi ezingama-79 ezaziwayo, kubandakanya neyona satellite inkulu kwiplanethi yelanga eyiGanymede.
El IPlanethi yeSaturn, yenye yeeplanethi ezinkulu, ineesathelayithi ezingamashumi amathandathu anesibini, phakathi kwazo kukho iTitan, eyona inkulu kuzo kwaye iyeyona inkulu kwiplanethi yelanga, kukho iUranus, enesathelayithi ezingamashumi amabini anesixhenxe, emva koko iNeptune, eneshumi elinesine .
Nazi ezinye ezimbalwa:
Ganymede: Yisathelayithi yeJupiter kwaye yaziwa zizazinzulu njengeyona isathelayithi inkulu kuzo zonke izijikelezi-langa, inobubanzi obuziikhilomitha ezingama-5268, nto leyo ethetha ukuba isibhozo ekhulwini ngaphezu kweMercury, eyiplanethi ekufutshane noMhlaba.
I-Titan: Yisathelayithi yeSaturn, yeyona nombolo inkulu yesathelayithi ezimbini kwinkqubo yelanga, ububanzi beTitan ziikhilomitha ezingama-5152, ezingamashumi amahlanu eepesenti ngaphezu kwenyanga, i-titanium nayo idlula ubungakanani beplanethi iMercury.
ICallisto: Yisathelayithi yeJupiter, idiameter yeCallisto imalunga namashumi alithoba anethoba epesenti yobubanzi beMercury.
nantsi: Yisathelayithi yeJupiter, ngokulandelayo, ngowona mzimba usebenzayo ngokwejoloji kwinkqubo yelanga, kuba kukho iintaba-mlilo ezingaphezu kwamakhulu amane asebenzayo kumphezulu wayo, kwezinye iintaba-mlilo, izibonakaliso zinamandla kangangokuba zifikelela kwindawo ephakamileyo. Iikhilomitha ezingama-500.
Yurophu: IyeyeSathelayithi yeJupiter, ngobukhulu ingaphantsi kwenyanga, umphezulu wayo unomkhenkce, onamaqhekeza, kukho ingcamango yokuba phantsi komkhenkce onzima kukho ulwandle lwamanzi, apho ubukho bomkhenkce. ubomi obuncinci.
I-Triton: Esona sathelayithi sikhulu seNeptune, ubunzima beTriton ngama-99.5% obunzima bazo zonke iisathelayithi zeNeptune ezaziwayo ngoku, ubungakanani beTriton bukhulu kunezona planethi zincinci zinkulu kwiplanethi yelanga - iPluto kunye noEris.