Ngamanye amaxesha ufumene okanye uthenge iBlue Roses kwaye uyazibuza ukuba zezendalo. Ngokwendalo, iiRozi zendalo ziMhlophe, ziPinki, ziBomvu kunye noMthubi, ngelixa iiRozi eziBlue ziyimveliso yobuchule bomntu. Kule post, uya kukwazi ukufunda imbali yeBlue Roses, apho unokuzithenga khona, ukuba zikhule njani kunye nolunye ulwazi.
Imvelaphi yeBlue Roses
Ukuba ubonile, phakathi kwezinto zootatomkhulu kunye nabazali bakho, amakhadi okunqwenela usuku lokuzalwa olumnandi, okanye uvuyisana nokuphumelela kwizifundo, uya kubona imizobo yeentyatyambo ezintle kunye neeroses ezininzi zemibala eyahlukeneyo kwaye phakathi kwezi iiRose eziluhlaza. Kwakhona kwiincwadi, ngokukodwa kwixesha lokuthandana, kwakukho intetho yeBlue Roses kunye nobudlelwane babo kunye nempumelelo yeenjongo ezihlazo okanye ezinzima. Kwanentsingiselo yalo yokuphupha ezi ntyatyambo.
Ngelo xesha, kwakukho intetho yeBlue Rose eyaziwa ngegama elithi "Veilchenblau" yemvelaphi yaseJamani, eyayingeyombala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kodwa yayiPinki kunye nombala wethoni engwevu ethi ngokuvela kukukhanya kwelanga yeza ukubona bluish. umbala kunye nokumila kwayo bekwahlukile kwiiRoses esizaziyo uninzi lwethu. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iirozi zangaphambili zihluke kwezo ziyaziwa namhlanje, kuba ezi ntyatyambo zininzi ziyi-hybrids.
Ngokwendalo, imibala yeRoses imhlophe, iPinki, iBomvu kunye nephuzi, exhomekeke kubungakanani kunye nohlobo lwee-pigments eziqulethwe ziintlobo zeRoses. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Blue Roses ayikho ngokwemvelo, ezo zaziwa zivela kwimvelaphi eyenziweyo, kuba zifunyenwe ngokungenelela kwabantu. I-Blue Roses yaqala ukuthengiswa ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yama-XNUMX, kodwa kukwinkulungwane yama-XNUMX apho udidi oluguquliweyo lwemfuzo lwafunyanwa nge-biotechnology.
Kwiminyaka yokugqibela yenkulungwane yama-XNUMX, iiRose eziBlue zaye zathengiswa, zafunyanwa ngokubeka iiRose eziMhlophe emanzini adayiwe ngombala wokutya oluhlaza okanye kwanabo bafaka umbala ozuba nge-aerosol. Ewe kunjalo, ukuba ufuna ukusasaza ezi Roses, iiRose zazalwa zinombala wokuqala kwaye yayingengombala oBlue. Ngokungafaniyo nezo zifunyenwe ngobuchule be-biotechnology, apho utshintsha umbala wokuqala weRose ngokufaka ijini enombala oBlue, othi xa usasazwa ufumane iiRose eziBlue.
Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-2004 ngonyaka ka-XNUMX, kwi-whisky distillery kwakunokwenzeka ukufumana i-Blue Roses ngokuzenzekelayo. Oku kwaphunyezwa kwinkampani kunye neeprojekthi ze-biotechnological zemvelaphi yase-Australia ebizwa ngokuba yi "Florigene". Udidi lwerozi olufunyenweyo lwaphunyezwa ngokumiliselwa ijini yendalo ephuhlisa umbala ozuba "delphinidin" kwiirozi ezifunyenwe kwizityalo zepetunia, ezikuphela kweentyatyambo ezibhlowu kwindalo. Uhlobo lweBlue Rose lubizwa ngokuba yi "Blue Moon".
Inkampani yaseOstreliya iFlorigene yaxhaswa yinkampani yaseJapan ebizwa ngokuba yiSuntory Ltd, inkampani yesiselo. UFlorigene ukwazile ukwahlula umzila wemfuza obonelela ngombala oluhlaza ngokwendalo. Nangona kunjalo, nangona i-DNA yezi "Blue Moon" Roses yatshintshwa, umbala wabo unombala omfusa oluhlaza.
Xa uqwalasela ezi ntlobo zahlukeneyo uya kuqaphela ukuba ngumbala we-violet, lo ngumbala ozuba oza kuwubona kwezi Roses. Abaphandi bayaqhubeka nophando lwabo ukuze bafumane umbala oBlue ochazwe ngakumbi. Ukufumana iindidi, "iBlue Bajou, iBlue for You", iRhapsody eBlue kunye neBlue Eden kunye nabanye. Nangona kunjalo, zonke ziqhakaza kunye neRoses yee-shades ezahlukeneyo ze-violet okanye i-lavender ekhanyayo.
Oku ukwenzela ukukholisa abathengi abacela izityalo zeBlue Rose, ngaphandle kokunciphisa into yokuba iindidi ze "Blue Moon" zamkelwe kakhulu. Olu phando lwe-biotechnological luya kuvumela ukufumana i-Blue Roses, echaphazela kakubi ezinye izibonelelo zendalo ezifana namanzi kunye nomhlaba kancinane kangangoko ukufumana iintyatyambo zeBlue Rose ezithi kamva, xa iintyatyambo ziphela kwaye zifuna ukusabalalisa, izityalo zeRose zeminye imibala yendalo zizalwa, ezifana ebomvu, emhlophe, emthubi okanye epinki.
Inkcazo eluntwini
Inkampani yaseJapan iSuntory, yabhengeza eluntwini ngeBlue Roses efunyenwe yibiotechnology, kuMboniso weentyatyambo owawubanjelwe eTokyo ngo-2009 kwaye kwangaloo nyaka mnye baqalisa urhwebo lwabo. Le nkampani namhlanje inoxanduva lokuthengisa iirozi ezifunyenwe yi-biotechnology okanye ukulinywa kwe-in vitro kwihlabathi jikelele.
Ukuze iiRose zigcine umbala wazo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, uphando belujolise ukugcina umbala ozuba. Oku kwaphunyezwa kamsinya nje emva kokuba urhwebo lweBlue Roses olufunyenwe ngebhayoloji luqalisile. Oku kwaphunyezwa ngokubeka iindidi ezifunyenwe kunyango lwekhemikhali ukuze kukhuselwe umbala wazo oxabisekileyo kunye neentlobo zazo ezithile.
Nentsingiselo
Ukubonakaliswa kweemvakalelo zothando ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezifana nothando, umanyano, ubuhlobo kunye nothando lwesondo, ngeentyatyambo zihlala zinentsingiselo ethile kwaye ukuba ezi ntyatyambo ziyiRoses, intsingiselo yazo ibaluleke kakhulu kubomi bomntu. bona. Umbala weRoses uyahluka ngokombala wabo njengomhlophe othetha ukucoceka kunye nobudlelwane, umthubi obonisa ubuhlobo, amandla amahle kunye nethemba kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo obomvu othetha uthando olushushu.
Ngokwale nto, yintoni intsingiselo yeBlue Roses? Ukwazi intsingiselo yeentyatyambo yindlela yokunxibelelana ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, evumela ngaphandle kokuthetha igama ukuvakalisa iimvakalelo ozivakalelwa komnye umntu. Le ndlela yokunxibelelana yaqala eFransi, lulwimi oluthandanayo noluhendayo oluthi lwanwenwela kwamanye amazwe ngokukhawuleza.
IiRose eziBlue zezona zibiza kakhulu kuba zintlobo ngeentlobo ezifunyenwe kwinkcubeko ye-in vitro okanye iilabhoratri ze-biotechnology, kwaye nezo zifunyenwe ngedayi eluhlaza, kuzo zombini iimeko kunzima ukuzifumana. Nabani na owanikayo uyayazi intsingiselo yawo kwaye unikezela kumntu okhethekileyo kakhulu. Umbala oluhlaza unxulumene nemfihlakalo. Ukuthanda ngethuba elincinci lokuyifezekisa, kwiphupha elinqwenelekayo. Ngokunjalo, iitattoos zeBlue Rose zibonisa ubuhle.
Kukwathetha ukuba iiRozi eziPinki zezona ntlobo zifunwa kakhulu kwiiRose kuba oko kuthetha ukuba amaphupha anokufezekiswa. Bakwabonisa ukuba intsingiselo yayo ibhekiselele ekukhululeni, ekuphumleni iimvakalelo, ekunyanisekeni nasekukhuselekeni. Xa uhombisa indlu ngeBlue Roses, umoya wemvisiswano noxolo ufunyanwa. Ukuba ufuna ukuvisisana kubudlelwane kunye neqabane lakho okanye intsapho kunye nomhlobo, ngokunika iBlue Roses, umxelela ukuba ukholelwa kuye kwaye uthando lwakho luhlala luhlala.
Inkcubeko
Njengazo zonke iiRoses, ezi zityalo zidinga ilanga elininzi ukuze zikhule, umhlaba ulungiswa ngokususa ukhula, ukubeka isichumisi okanye izondlo zeRoses kwaye xa unezihlahla zerozi kucetyiswa ukuba ufunxe i-rose bush malunga ne-12 ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-24. ukuyibuyisela emanzini, phambi kokuba uyihlwayele kwindawo ekuyiwa kuyo. Khumbula ukuba kufuphi nezixhobo zakho zokulima, iindondo zokukhusela, iiglavu zokhuseleko.
Xa ulungisa umhlaba, yenza iziduli ezimalunga neesentimitha ezingama-30, ukubeka izityalo phezulu kancinci kwaye uhambe kwindawo esezantsi ukugcina isityalo. Umgama wokutyala phakathi kwezityalo umalunga nama-70 ukuya kuma-90 eesentimitha phakathi kwezityalo. Imingxuma yokutyala kufuneka ilingane neesentimitha ezili-15 ububanzi nobunzulu. Xa iBlue Roses ityaliwe, yikhusele ngomhlaba omncinane uze emva koko uwunkcenkceshele, umhlaba kufuneka ufume kodwa ungakhukuliswa ngamanzi.
Ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo kucetyiswa rhoqo kwiiveki ezimbini okanye xa ubona umhlaba womile. I-rose bush ixutywe kwinyanga yesithathu emva kokuba i-Blue Roses ityalwe, isichumisi osisebenzisayo kufuneka sibe nefomula ekhethekileyo yeRoses. Izibonakaliso zedosi yayo kunye nendlela yokuyisebenzisa ibonakaliswe kwileyibhile yemveliso, ukuba ufuna ukufumana iiRoses ezintle landela imiyalelo yomenzi.
Ngexesha lokugcinwa kwe-rosebush, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukulawula ukhula okanye ukhula, ukuze bangakhuphisani nesityalo. Umjikelo wokulima iRoses malunga ne-3 kunye nesiqingatha seminyaka. Xa uvuna i-rosebush ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo, kumazwe anemozulu epholileyo, xa kuvunwa, amasebe kufuneka anqunywe kwisithathu. Kufanelekile ukugcina umkhondo womhla wokuvuna ukuze uvune i-Blue Roses ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye ujabulele.
Fumana iiRose eziBlue
Inkampani yaseJapan iSuntory Ltd, inelungelo elilodwa lomenzi weBlue Roses, emva kokubonisa iBlue Roses yokuqala ebizwa ngokuba yiBlue Moon, efunyenwe yi-in vitro culture, eTokyo kuMbono weentyatyambo. Le nkampani ibathengisa eJapan, eUnited States naseCanada. Bambalwa abatyali beentyatyambo abanemvume yokuthengisa iRose yeBlue Moon Hybrid. Umbala wale Blue Rose umfusa ngakumbi kunobhulowu, abadali bayo babonisa ukuba iintyatyambo zayo ziya kuba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. IiRose eziBlue ezingabizi kakhulu zipeyintwe ngedayi eluhlaza nazo ziyathengiswa.
IRosebush yeBlue Roses
Inyani yokukhulisa i-rosebush yeBlue Roses kwigadi yendlu yakho iya kukuvumela ukuba ube nendawo enomtsalane kwigadi yakho. Njengoko uyayazi indlela yokukhulisa iintyatyambo, kufuneka babe nonyango olukhethekileyo kwaye ngakumbi iRoses. Ukongeza kokuthenwa, ukunkcenkceshela kunye nokunkcenkceshela ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ezi ntyatyambo zithanda ukuphathwa ngendlela ekhethekileyo, ngothando kunye nobuqili ngexesha lokukhula kwazo.
Nangona kunjalo, ezi ntyatyambo ziyathanda ukuphathwa ngobunono, kodwa esi sityalo asithambile kakhulu. Kufuneka ulumke kakhulu xa uyiphatha, ngenxa yameva ayo. La ameva, ukuba ngaphezu kokuba umntu uyazi xa uthenga Roses ukwenza kwaye uphatha kubo, ngaphezu kwesinye uya kuba waziva zabo, kwaye wopha kancinci.
Ezi zinti zilukhuselo lwazo kwizilwanyana. Xa intyatyambo ivuleka, iiRozi zihluma ngokuthe ngqo kwaye oku kuzenza iintyatyambo ezintle kakhulu. La meva abonisa ukuba nangona iiRose zizintyatyambo ezintle kakhulu, zikwanamandla kwaye ziyakwazi ukuzikhusela. Ngokungathi indalo yabonisa iYin kunye neYan yezi ntyatyambo, ifuna ukubonisa inzondo yomntu ngamnye ophilayo, njengokukhanya nobumnyama, ubuhle kunye nobubi. Obo buhle bunokuba necala labo elibuhlungu.
Blue Rose Trend
Ukusukela ekurhwebeni kwabo ngo-2009, iBlue Roses, ngenxa yombala wabo wokuqala, intle kwaye ithambile, ibe ngumkhwa wokulima kunye neentyatyambo. Kwezinye iinkcubeko, abatshakazi ngokwesiko banxiba into eluhlaza njengekhubalo lomtshato olungileyo, kwaye iBlue Roses ziinketho ezilungileyo zokwenza isipha somtshakazi kunye nokuzalisekisa esi siko.
Abaqulunqi befashoni bakhuthazwa bubuhle bayo, ubuqhetseba bamacembe ayo kunye nokomelela kwezilwanyana ezihlabayo kunye nombala. Balungise umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukuba ube ngumkhwa kwifashoni ngokuthatha ubuhle beBlue Roses ukwenza isitayile esinencasa emnandi, yasezidolophini kunye nelungileyo. Ngokunjalo, kwiigadi kukwakho umkhwa kubalimi beRose yemibala eyahlukeneyo kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo, iindibano zocweyo zokulima ziyabanjwa ukufundisa indlela yokukhulisa kwaye ube nesakho irosebush kunye neentyatyambo zeBlue Rose ekhaya.
iirozi ezidaywe ngeblue
Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zabathengi, phambi kokuba i-biotechnologists yenkampani yase-Australia "i-Florigene", kunye ne-Japan financing Suntory Ltd, ikwazi ukuhlukanisa i-gene enika umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwiintyatyambo. Iintyatyambo zeRose zikwazile ukudayi iipetali zeRose ezimhlophe ngedayi eluhlaza kwaye bazithengise. Ukuze ube neBlue Roses ekhaya, ndiza kukubonisa inyathelo ngenyathelo ukuba ungazifumana njani iiRose ezidayiwe ekhaya.
Izinto okufuneka ube nazo: Imbiza enkulu, ivazi, amanzi emvula okanye amanzi angenayo ikalika, Ukutya okuBlue okanye ukufaka umbala wokubhaka, kunye necephe leplastiki lokuxhokonxa. Ukongeza, eyona nto iphambili ziintyatyambo ezimhlophe. Nje ukuba unayo yonke imathiriyeli, utyekelo kunye nexesha. Landela la manyathelo alandelayo enkqubo yokudaya iiRose kwaye ufumane iiRose eziBlue ukuhombisa indlu okanye unike umntu omthandayo.
Kulula kakhulu, landela la manyathelo, qala ngokuzalisa imbiza ngamanzi emvula (ukuba awunamanzi emvula, sebenzisa amanzi angenayo ikalika), malunga ne ¾ yembiza; Qhubeka ngokusebenzisa malunga namathontsi ama-3 edayi yombala oBlue, xa sele ufakiwe idayi iqala ukushukuma ukuze ixube kakuhle kwaye ukuba ufuna iBlue Roses emnyama, yongeza malunga namathontsi angama-3 ngaphezulu.
Kakade amanzi ngedayi okanye idayi iqhubela phambili ukusika iziqu zeRoses ezimhlophe, ukusika kufuneka kube ngediagonally kwisiseko sesiqu. Iirozi zifakwe emanzini ngedayi okanye umbala iintsuku ezimbini. Emva kweentsuku ezimbini, udlulisa iBlue Roses edayiwe kwivazi yokugqibela. Ixesha ezihlala zivuliwe kwaye zikwimeko entle, liya kuxhomekeka kwiindidi zeRose ezimhlophe ozidaye.
Iindidi zeBlue Roses
Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yama-1980, ngeminyaka yee-XNUMX, kwenziwa inkqubela ebonakalayo kwimfuza yezityalo nophando lwebhayoloji. Ezi mpu melelo zabangela ukuba abaphandi bavelise iintlobo ezintsha zezityalo ezathi, ukongezelela ekwenzeni iintlobo zokumelana nezinambuzane nezifo, zifune ukutshintsha imibala yeentyatyambo zazo, ubuhle nobude bentyatyambo yazo, nolunye utshintsho.
Olu tshintsho lwezobuchwepheshe lwasasazeka kumazwe ahlukeneyo kwaye, sele sele kwiminyaka yee-1990, iinkampani ezininzi ezivelisa ukutya zaqesha amaqela azo ezityalo zemfuza ukuze zizinikele ekuphuculeni imfuzo yezityalo ezinomdla wabo, ezifana nokufumana iBlue Roses. Ukuphumeza oku bekuya kuba kukuhamba phambili okukhulu kwaye okokuqala umzila wemfuza okanye imizila yemfuza eya kunika umbala ozuba kwiintyatyambo kwindalo kwafuneka ibekwe yodwa, ukuze kuhlalutywe i-pigment eluhlaza.
Emva kokuba lo mceli mngeni wokuqala woyisiwe, kwabakho omnye umngeni ekufuneka uphunyezwe, ukubandakanya le mfuza kwimfuzo yeRoses kunye nokukwazi ukufumana iiRoses eziguqulwe ngokwemfuza. Ukuba ngowokuqala ukuphumeza la manyathelo kwaba ngumceli mngeni kwiingcali zenzululwazi ngebhayoloji neengcaphephe zemfuza, ngakumbi kwabo baxhasa ngemali ezi projekthi, kuba bakuba bekwenzile oko, baya kunikwa amalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza, kwaye umceli mngeni wesithathu ibikukuba ngowokuqala ukufumana impendulo kunye ne patent. .
Ukwahlula ngempumelelo imfuza ethathwe kwizityalo zepetunia
Kwindalo kukho izityalo ezimbalwa ezivelisa iintyatyambo eziluhlaza, kwaye emva kokwenza uphando olufanelekileyo, i-biotechnologists yakhetha UPetunia sp. i-violet emnyama. Izityalo zePetunias zinemfuza yazo malunga ne-30.000 yezakhi zofuzo, apho malunga nama-300 akhethwa ukuba aphande, kwezi, emva kokuhlalutya, i-2 gene enika umbala we-violet weentyatyambo zabo zikhethiwe.
Inxalenye yophando oluye lwajongana nayo xa sele kufunyanwe imizila yemfuza enika umbala kwiintyatyambo zesi sityalo, ibandakanya ezi zityalo kwizityalo zePetunias ezineentyantyambo zeminye imibala kunye nokugcina umkhondo wokutshintsha kombala weentyatyambo. Eli nyathelo lalibaziseka ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha ezidubule ngalo izityalo neentyantyambo zavulwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho utshintsho kumbala nokuba kufunyenwe umbala ozuba kwiintyatyambo.
Ukukhawulezisa eli nyathelo, abaphandi bathatha imfuza phantsi kophando kwaye bayifaka kwi-yeast. Kule meko, iziphumo zinokubonwa emva kweeveki ezimbini, ngokuxuba iijini kunye negwele kunye nokwazi ukuba ezi zixhobo zisebenza njani ngexesha elincinci. NgoJuni ka-1991, inkampani yaseJapan i-Suntory Ltd, ngokusebenzisa ilabhoratri yase-Australia iFlorigene, yaphumelela ukwahlula i-“delphinidin” yejini okokuqala ngqa, emva koko yafaka isicelo selungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza kule gene yaze yayifumana. Ukwenza iBlue Moon Blue Roses esidlangalaleni ngo-2009.
Inkqubo yokubandakanya i-"delphinidin" gene kwiRoses
Indlela esetyenziswe yi geneticists yeprojekthi yokufumana iBlue Rose yayikukusetyenziswa kwebhaktheriya yomhlaba Igciwane njengomphathi wejini ekwanti. Ukukhethwa kwale bhaktheriya kwakungenxa yokuba agrobacterium, ifakela imfuza yayo kwizityalo kwaye isetyenziswa ngabaphandi bemfuza ukwenza ukudluliselwa kwemfuza kwezinye izityalo. Ngexesha lenkqubo, ulawulo olucokisekileyo lwezondlo kunye namahomoni anikezelwa kwizityalo aqhutywa.
Ngokumalunga novavanyo lweeRoses, ngenxa yomjikelo wobomi bezi zityalo, kuthathe ixesha elimalunga nonyaka omnye ukufumana iintyatyambo zokuqala kwisityalo esiguqulwe ngokwemfuza. Ukongeza koku, ukujonga iziphumo zemizila yemfuza efakwe kwizityalo kunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo oluphathwayo naphakathi kwabantu bohlobo olufanayo.
Emva kweenkqubo ezininzi, kwaba nokwenzeka ngo-1994 ukwazisa i-"delphinidin" gene efunyenwe kwi-gene. IiPetunias sp., kwi-Red Roses kwaye emva kokuvula iintyatyambo zeentyatyambo, iiRose ezibomvu zafunyanwa ngaphandle kokubonisa umbala oBlue. Ukuqhubeka nokukhangela i-Blue Roses, abaphandi bakubona njengethuba lokuhlukanisa i-gene enika umbala oBlue kwizityalo ze-gentian, i-clitoria kunye ne-torenia ukuze zifakwe kwizityalo zeRose. Iziphumo Iirozi eziguqulwe ngokwemfuza ezinombala ozuba, kodwa iintyatyambo azikhange zibonise umbala obhulowu kwiipetali zazo.
IiCarnations eziBlue
Abaphandi bezofuzo babenenkxalabo yokuba injongo yophando yahlala ingafikeleleki. Bazama ukubandakanya i-gene ekwanti "delfinidin" kwizityalo ze-carnation kunye nokufumana i-carnations eguqulwe ngofuzo. Ngokungafaniyo neeRose ezingazange zibonise umbala oBlue kwiintyatyambo zazo, iintyatyambo zeCarnation zaphendula njengoko bekulindelekile ngeentyatyambo ezineBlue petals.
Kule meko i-"delphinidin" yemfuza yaqokelelwa kwaye umbala weentyatyambo watshintsha waba Blue. Oku kukhuthaze iingcali zebhayoloji ukuba ziqhubeke zihambela phambili kuphando kwaye zafuna ukwahlula imizila yemfuza ekhuthaza umbala ozuba kwizityalo zokucinga. Baqhubeka bephanda de bafikelela oko bekulindelekile.
Ekugqibeleni iBlue Roses
Kwafika ixesha lokuba iintyatyambo zeRoses zibonwe ngeBlue pigmentation. Oku kwaphawulwa xa iirozi ezibomvu ezazisetyenziselwa uphando zavulwa ngamagqabi abomvu amnyama. Injongo bekusafuneka iphunyezwe, iBlue Roses, kunye nenyani yokufezekisa imbonakalo yombala oBlue kwiipetals iqondisa uphando malunga neBlue Roses entsha.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pc3w7Er70FY
Oku kusivumele ukuba siqale ukufunda ukuba zeziphi ezinye izinto ngaphandle kwe-pigment ekhuthaza umbala ozuba? Iingcali zebhayoloji ziqhubekile nophando lwemizila yemfuza, zahlula imizila yemfuza, zizifaka kwizicwili zezityalo ezimalunga nama-40 eentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeRose, kwangaxeshanye ziphucula iinkqubo zokuzalanisa izityalo.
Kwiminyaka ephakathi kuka-1998 kunye no-1999, iintyatyambo zeentyatyambo zokuqala ze-Bluish Roses zaqala ukuvela. Kunyaka wama-2000 wenkulungwane yama-100, iintyatyambo zerozi zafunyanwa nge-XNUMX% yeentyatyambo ezinombala ozuba. Ukufumana iiRose zokuqala eziBlue kwiplanethi. Baqhubeka nokuvavanya ukusasazwa kwe-asexual ye-Blue Roses, ngokuxhunyelelwa kunye nezityalo ezenziweyo zazingenakuguqulwa kwaye kulula ukukhula.
Injongo yayisele iphunyeziwe, ngoku kwafuneka kusonjululwe indlela yokuthengisa ezi zityalo okanye iintyatyambo ukuze abathengi bazi ngazo. Ngenxa yoku, inkampani yaseJapan i-Suntory Ltd., enoxanduva lokuphumelela i-Blue Roses ngendlela ye-biotechnology kunye nokuguqula imfuzo yezityalo. Kwakufuneka ifumane isigunyaziso kuMphathiswa wezoLimo kuMthetho woLondolozo kunye noSetyenziso oluZinzileyo lwe-Biological Diversity-Cartagena protocol, ukuvumela ukutyalwa kwezorhwebo kunye nokuthengiswa kwezityalo kunye neentyatyambo.
Oku kulibazise ukubonakala kwayo esidlangalaleni, ngenxa yoku, inkampani iqhube uphando oluninzi ukucacisa ukuba kutheni iBlue Roses ephunyezwe yinkampani yaseJapan ingazange ibe nefuthe elibi kwizinto eziphilayo. Oku kwakuthetha ukuba kangangeminyaka emine babesenza iminqamlezo, besasaza imbewu phakathi kwezityalo zeBlue Rose nezityalo zolunye uhlobo lwasendle lweeRozi.
Ngaloo nto kucaciswe ukuba iijini zeBlue Roses aziyi kuguqula i-genetics yezinye izityalo eziwela ngazo. Ngo-2008, baye bagunyazisa intetho yabo yoluntu kunye nokuthengisa. I-Blue Rose yokuqala efunyenwe kwiplanethi yayibizwa ngokuba yi-Blue Moon kwaye kwakungo-2009, emva kokuziswa kuluntu, ukuba ukuthengiswa kwayo kwaqala.
Ukufumana irozi eluhlaza ngokwenene
Ngo-2009, iinkampani uFlorigene (e-Australia) kunye ne-Suntory Ltd. (eJapan) zibonise ngokubambisana i-Rose yokuqala eguqulwe ngokwemfuza ukuvelisa i-biosynthesis ye "delphinidin", kwaye ithengiswe yi-Suntory, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Blue Moon, eyamkelwa kakuhle kakhulu ngabathengi. abathengi kwaye, esebumfusa ngakumbi kunobhulowu.
Inkampani yaseJapan iyaqhubeka nezifundo zayo, imisela ukuba umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwindalo uxhotyiswe zezinye izinto zokusingqongileyo kunye nendalo yezityalo. Kwaze kwaba yilapho iqela likaDkt Zhang ligqiba ukusebenzisa i-pigment eyahlukileyo, i-biosynthesizing i-Rose kwaye yenza ukuba ivelise i-pigment "indigoidin", i-pigment epeyinti eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwaye ineempawu ze-antimicrobial kunye ne-antioxidant.
Uphando lwaqhubeka nokudalwa kwesangqa se-DNA, abayibiza ngokuba yi-plasmid, eyenziwe ngamagciwane amabini ebhaktheriya ayingxenye ye-biosynthesis ye-indigoidin. Le plasmid, kunye ne-enzymes ezimbini eziveliswa ngala ma-genes, zenza i-L-glutamine, eyi-amino acid ekhoyo ngobuninzi kwi-petals ye-Blue Roses.
Inyathelo elilandelayo yayikukudibanisa i-plasmid kwibhaktiriya ye-Agrobacterium, emva koko itofwe ukuba ithathwe ziiRoses ezimhlophe, zombini i-Agrobacterium kunye ne-acetosyringone, ukuvuselela ukudluliselwa kofuzo. Emva kweeyure ze-12, i-rose petal yayinemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwaye ubukho be-indigoidine buqinisekisiwe ngeendlela ze-spectroscopic. Iindidi ezininzi zeBlue Roses ziyaziwa, ezizezi: "Blue Bajou, Blue for You", iRhapsody eBlue kunye neBlue Eden kunye nabanye.
Ukuba ulithandile eli nqaku, ndiyakumema ukuba ufunde: