Uyafuna ukwazi ukuba batya ntoni oononkala? Emva koko ungaphoswa leli nqaku elikhulu, uya kuzazi iimpawu zayo, ukwahlukana kokutya, phakathi koononkala baselwandle, oononkala basemhlabeni kunye noononkala. oononkala bamanzi acocekileyo kwaye nokuba batya ntoni xa besekhaya, ungalibali ukwabelana ngolwazi kunye nabo ubathandayo.
Iimpawu zoononkala
Ukuqala into yokuqala omele uyazi iimpawu ezahlukeneyo ezinazo ezi zilwanyana, ukuze uzazi nzulu, ezinye zeempawu zazo ezibalaseleyo zezi zilandelayo:
- Iithegi: Esi silwanyana sahlulwe saba yi-cephalothorax, inxalenye yayo yahlulwe kwintloko, umsila, kunye nommandla othile wethorax.
- Iipaw: inobungakanani bemilenze elishumi yemilenze njengoko kwenzeka kuzo zonke izilwanyana ezikuluhlu olubizwa ngokuba yi "decapods", ezintlanu kuzo zisetyenziselwa ukukwazi ukutya, ngelixa ezinye ezimbalwa zisetyenziselwa ukuhamba, zine umsebenzi welocomotor kwaye abanye bawasebenzise ukuqubha, babekwe ikakhulu emsileni.
- Tshintsha: njengoko zikhula, i-skeleton ayisayi kuhlengahlengisa ubungakanani bayo, ngenxa yale nkqubo yendalo, iphalaza loo mathambo kwaye idale enye elungelelanisa ubunyani babo obutsha.
- I-Exoskeleton: i-skeleton efumaneka ngaphandle yenziwe nge-chitin, enokuthi iqulethe izinto ezifana ne-calcium carbonate.
- AmaTweets: kukho imilenze yemilenze ezalisekisa lo msebenzi, apho banokuzikhusela bobabini kwaye bazondle ngokwabo, njengenxalenye ye-dimorphism yesini yezi zilwanyana, inokongezwa ukuba kwindoda ezi zidla ngokuba zikhulu kunezibhinqa.
- Iimvakalelo: amehlo ayo iikhompawundi sessile, kodwa banazo appendages enovakalelo, kodwa hayi kuphela le, kodwa ine-eriyali ezine, apho bayakwazi ukubona into ebangqongileyo.
- igastric Mill: oku kuthetha isisu sezi zilwanyana, apho ukutya kuqhekezwa kwaye kuhluzwe.
- Ukuzaliswa kwakhona: Oku kwenzeka ngamaqanda, athi ahlanganiswe yimazi, nawo awaqandusele de abe nexesha lokuqandusela.
- Indawo yokuhlala: eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kukuba zihlala emazantsi olwandle kunye/okanye kumandlalo wemilambo.
Batya ntoni oononkala?
Oononkala abanokubonwa xa besiya elunxwemeni babizwa ngokuba ngulwandle, isanti okanye oononkala bamanzi etyuwa, abanokuthi bahluke ngokwendawo nganye. Ukongeza koku, ubungakanani boononkala buya kuba yinto egqibayo ukwazi ukuba ngaba yi-scavenger okanye i-predator, kwimeko yangaphambili bancinci kwaye kwimeko yokugqibela ngabona bakhulu.
Ngokwahlukileyo kwezinye iindidi zoononkala, aba abadli ngokuba nobuchule obuninzi elwandle, kodwa akwenzeki okufanayo xa besemhlabeni, ngelo xesha bahamba ngobuchule obukhulu, yiyo loo nto xa beselwandle, badla ngokubaleka. ukugrumba esantini ixesha elininzi.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukutya kwezi zilwanyana kunokwahluka kakhulu kuxhomekeke ekubeni ngaba zidla inyama, ziyi-omnivorous okanye i-herbivorous, njengoko kuya kubonwa kula macandelo alandelayo:
Izilwanyana ezidla inyama
Oononkala baselwandle bagqalwa njengezilwanyana ezidla inyama, zezo zitya ezo zilwanyana zidla ngokuhlala emazantsi olwandle, phakathi kwazo sinokukhankanya iindidi zeemolluscs neecrustaceans; aba oononkala badla ngokuba ne-benthic; ngamanye amaxesha batya i-algae, ezinye zolu hlobo loononkala zezi zilandelayo:
Unonkala oluhlaza wekhephu, obizwa ngokwenzululwazi ngeChionoecetes opilio, unokufumaneka kuzo zombini iilwandlekazi zeAtlantiki nePasifiki.Inyaniso ebangel’ umdla yeyokuba idla ngokuba lelinye lawona abanjwa kakhulu ukuze athengiswe; kweli gama kunokubakho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwesixhenxe ezahlukeneyo.
Kwaye kwelinye icala, kukho into ebizwa ngokuba nguCrab, leyo kwindawo yenzululwazi ebizwa ngokuba yiCancer pagurus, kulo mzekelo inokufumaneka ngaphakathi kuLwandle lweMeditera ukuba, njengakwiAtlantiki, baneqokobhe elikhulu, elinokuthi lifumaneke. inobubanzi obuziisentimitha ezingamashumi amabini anesihlanu, ubunzima bayo bunokuba malunga neekhilogram ezintathu.
Ukutya izilwanyana
Ngokungafaniyo nalawo akhankanywe kwicandelo langaphambili, olu hlobo londla ngokuyintloko kumahlumela ezityalo kunye namagqabi, nokuba azifumana elwandle okanye elunxwemeni lolwandle, ezinye zezi zityalo zinokubizwa ngokuba ziingcango zaselwandle kunye neemangrove, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zidla izilwanyana ezincinci ezingenamqolo. .
Omnye woononkala obandakanyiweyo kolu luhlu lulandelayo:
I-Mangrove crab, ebizwa ngokwenzululwazi ngokuthi i-Aratus pisonii, edla ngokubonwa emazantsi olwandle, ixhaphake kakhulu ukuyifumana kwiSiqithi saseMargarita eVenezuela, ineenzipho ezimbini eziyinceda ekutyeni nasekukhuseleni, kodwa nayo inkundla ezi zezodidi lweMalacostraceae, kwi-Decapoda order kunye nakwiArthropoda phylum.
iiomnivores
Ngokungafaniyo nezilwanyana ezitya utyani kunye ne-carnivores, ukutya kwazo kuhluke kakhulu kwaye kulinganiswe, ngoko ke banamandla amakhulu okuziqhelanisa neentlobo ngeentlobo zeendawo zokuhlala kunye ne-ecosystem; ezi zinokutya i-carrion, i-algae, izilwanyana ezincinci ezingenamqolo kunye nokunye; Abanye boononkala abawela kolu luhlu ngaba:
Icoconut crab, ngokwesayensi eyaziwa ngokuba yiBirgus latro, le yeyosapho olubizwa ngokuba yiCoenobitidae, omnye wabalinganiswa eyaziwa ngokuba yeyona nto inzima ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kodwa ayiyona inkulu, ibalulekile. qaphela ukuba igama layo libangelwa kukuba inamandla okuvula iikhokhonathi kunye nokutya kuzo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukho i-Callinectes sapidus, ebizwa ngokuba yi-Blue Crab, igama layo elikhethekileyo libangelwa kukuba ngaphakathi kwe-sex dimorphism yolu hlobo, amadoda anombala ongwevu emilenzeni yawo kunye ne-tanalities eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngelixa imeko yabasetyhini ayenzeki ngolu hlobo, kodwa i-su ibomvu okanye ngamanye amaxesha i-orenji.
Itya ntoni inkala?
Njengoko igama layo libonisa, ngabo oononkala abanokubonwa emilanjeni, oko kukuthi, emanzini acocekileyo, bangabentsapho ebizwa ngokuba yiAstacidae, Cambaridade kunye neparastacidae, bafumaneka ubukhulu becala emazantsi emilambo, ekubeni kulo mmandla. indlela ezizikhusela ngayo kumarhamncwa akuloo ndawo, afana neemustelids.
Olu hlobo lwe-crab lunokutya kwiintlobo ezininzi zezinto eziphilayo, intlanzi, i-algae, i-vertebrates encinci, i-carrion.
Imizekelo emibini yecrayfish yile ilandelayo:
- Unonkala obomvu waseMelika, owaziwa ngokwesayensi njengeProcambarus clarkii.
- Kwaye i-European crayfish, eyaziwa kwindawo yenzululwazi njenge-Austropotamobius pallipes.
Batya ntoni oononkala?
Ngokungafaniyo neentlobo ezimbini zoononkala ezikhankanywe kumacandelo angaphambili, le ininzi isemhlabeni kwaye ayikho emanzini, nangona kunjalo, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba imibungu yale nto ihlala kwindawo ehlala emanzini, ezi ntlobo zezilwanyana kufuneka zihlale kwiindawo. apho ukufuma kuninzi, ukuze bakwazi ukugcina iigill zabo zikwimeko egqibeleleyo; kwimeko yeemazi zihlala zibuyela emanzini ukuya kuzala.
Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kukuba olu hlobo loononkala lunokutya okunengca, luyakwazi ukuwatya omabini amagqabi kunye neziqhamo ezahlukahlukeneyo, kodwa kukho amaxesha apho kujongwa i-carrion ukuze itye kunye nee-invertebrates ezimfutshane. Ezinye iintlobo zalo nonkala zezi zikhankanywe ngezantsi:
- I-gecarcinus lateralis, ebizwa ngokwesayensi, ngelixa uluntu luyazi njenge-Red Land Crab.
- Kwaye iCardisoma guanhumi, eyaziwa ngokuba ngunonkala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Batya ntoni oononkala?
Igama layo elikhethekileyo libangelwa ukuba basebenzisa iigobolondo ukufihla, ngokwenene ezi zizindlu zabo, umzimba wabo, ngokungafaniyo nezinye iintlobo zoononkala, awubavumeli ukuba bazikhusele, kuba ithambile kakhulu, ngenxa yesi sizathu basebenzisa loo nto. zabanye.
Itya izilwanyana nemifuno, oko kukuthi, iyakwazi ukutya iintlobo ngeentlobo zeentshulube, iinkumba, nokunye okuninzi, kodwa ukuba ifumene isiqhamo apho sikhoyo, iphinde isidle ngaphandle kwengxaki.
Ukutya koononkala: batya ntoni oononkala ekhaya?
Kunzima kakhulu ukondla ezi zilwanyana ekhaya, kuba ukuba zisendaweni yazo ziya kwizidumbu ezizifumana endleleni yazo, umba ongenakuba lula ukuwufumana ekhaya, nangona kunjalo, kukho iifama zeenkukhu okanye iivenkile ezithengisayo. iimveliso zezilwanyana apho unokufumana ukutya kwe-shrimp kunye noononkala. Ukuba ufumana olu hlobo lokutya, unganqikazi ukubanika, lolona khetho lungcono.
Batya ntoni oononkala base-aquarium?
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba olu hlobo lwesilwanyana, njenge IParrot, i-White Tiger kunye nabanye, kufuneka baphile ngokukhululekileyo ngokupheleleyo, bezivalele kwindawo ehlala emanzini okanye kwezinye iintlobo zezinto ayisiyiyo ilumkileyo, kwaye ayiyona nto inempilo kubo, yiyo loo nto kuyimfuneko ukwenza i-aquarium. Ukwaziswa kwendalo kwihlabathi jikelele, ukuthintela izenzo ezinjalo ukuba zingaphindi zenziwe kwakhona.
Ukuba kukho unonkala ngaphakathi kwe-aquarium, ukutya kwayo kuya kwahluka ngokohlobo ngalunye lwesi silwanyana, oko kukuthi, ukuba siphakathi kwezo zihlelwe ngaphambili okanye akunjalo, ngenxa yezi zizathu kungcono ukufumanisa kwangaphambili kwingcali. ukwenza iimpazamo zokutya naba baphilayo.
