La Umgaqo-nkqubo wezoqoqosho zizo zonke izenzo ezenziwayo elizweni ngenjongo yokulawula, ukongamela nokuseka iindlela zezimali, zorhwebo nezemali ukufuna ukukhula kwalo. Funda ngakumbi ngalo mbandela ngokufunda inqaku elilandelayo.
Umgaqo-nkqubo wezoqoqosho
Zonke izenzo kunye nezigqibo ezithathwayo kwilizwe ukufuna ukukhula kwimimandla yentlalo, yezemali, yezemali kunye neyezorhwebo kunye zimele umgaqo-nkqubo wezoqoqosho welizwe. Urhulumente uyangenelela kweminye imimandla ngeenjongo zokulawula uqoqosho nokubonelela ngolungelelwaniso nohlumo.
Nangona kunjalo ukwazi yintoni umgaqo-nkqubo wezoqoqosho kubalulekile ukwazi iinkqubo ezisekelwe kwizikhokelo ekufuneka zithathwe ngokubhekiselele kuyo yonke imisebenzi yezoqoqosho kwilizwe. La manyathelo aquka izicwangciso zabasemagunyeni zokuphucula ukukhula koqoqosho lwesizwe.
Ngokungenelela kwayo, ijolise ekulawuleni uqoqosho lwelizwe ukunika uzinzo nohlumo, kumiselwa izikhokelo zokusebenza kwayo ngendlela eyiyo. Kwinqaku elilandelayo sikubonisa indlela Ukuphatheka kuzwelonke, okuvumela ukugcina iingxelo zezoqoqosho zelizwe zihlaziyiwe.
Iindidi
Oorhulumente basebenzisa iindidi ezahlukeneyo zomgaqo-nkqubo wezoqoqosho ngokweengcamango zangoku okanye ixesha apho imeko yentlalo zoqoqosho ifumaneka khona. Bonke bafuna uzinzo kunye nokukhula okuzinzileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuseka le migaqo-nkqubo, kufuneka bathathele ingqalelo izicwangciso ezithile ezimiselwa yimiba eyahlukeneyo.
Imali
Sisixhobo esidityaniswe neseti yamanyathelo kunye neenkqubo apho ukuqokelelwa kwemali kufunwa ngokusetyenziswa kweerhafu. Oku kuvumela ukugcinwa kwezixhobo zikarhulumente zoluntu ukuba zibonelele ngeenkonzo ezisemgangathweni kubemi. Umbono womgaqo-nkqubo wezoqoqosho kukunyusa umsebenzi onemveliso ngokuhlawulwa kweerhafu kunye nenkcitho yoluntu.
Iimali zibhekiswa kwingxowa-mali karhulumente, apho imali ithi emva koko isetyenziswe ukulawula iinkonzo kunye nenkonzo karhulumente. Umbono kukunika abemi iimpendulo ezanelisayo kubonelelo ngezi nkonzo. Umgaqo-nkqubo wezimali uyimfuneko kwaye kufuneka wenziwe ngokungafihlisiyo. Urhulumente ngokwakhe usebenzisa iindlela kunye namaziko alawula kwaye alawule iinkqubo zezimali.
Yemali
Izicwangciso eziliqili zohlobo lwemali zinxulumene nomgaqo-nkqubo wemali, nangona kunjalo urhulumente ugxininisa kwiinkqubo zakhe ekufuneni ulawulo nolawulo lwayo yonke imisebenzi esetyenziselwa ukuvelisa ukuhlawula amatyala kwiziko lemali ngalinye, nokuba likarhulumente okanye labucala.
Abanye oorhulumente badla ngokungenelela baze babandakanyeke ngokuthe ngqo kwizenzo zokulawula amaxabiso. Olu hlobo lwesenzo luvelisa ukunqongophala kunye nokunyuka kwamaxabiso. Kwelinye icala, umgaqo-nkqubo wezemali ulawulwa ngamaziko apho izikhokelo zokusetyenziswa kwinkqubo nganye zisekwe.
Iirhafu
Ziizicwangciso ezimiselwe ukukhuthaza ingeniso. Injongo kukuzinzisa amaxabiso nokugcina ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kukwimigangatho eyamkelekileyo. Ukulawula ingeniso yenye yezona ndlela zibuthathaka zokuphunyezwa komgaqo-nkqubo wezoqoqosho. Bazama ukulawula imivuzo baze balawule utyalo-mali olugqithileyo olunokuthi luveliswe kwixesha elide ngokudala iimonopoli.
Ezentlalo
Ukuphunyezwa kwezicwangciso zentlalo kumazwe athile akubalulekanga kwaye kuphela ipesenti encinci ye-GDP etyalwe. Siyakumema ukuba ufunde inqaku elilandelayo elinxulumene ne Imveliso, apho yonke into ehambelana neenkqubo zokukhula koqoqosho ichazwa.
Namhlanje, inkcitho kawonke-wonke kwimigaqo-nkqubo yentlalo ivumele inxalenye yabemi ukuba bafezekise ubuncinci izibonelelo ezithile zentlalo. Umgaqo-nkqubo wezoqoqosho kwezentlalo ubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweendlela ezifana nentlawulo yomhlalaphantsi, izibonelelo zokutya kunye nokukhuselwa kwezona ntsapho zisemngciphekweni.
Kukholelwa ukuba amanye amazwe aseNtshona awatyali imali ngokwaneleyo kwizicwangciso zentlalo kwaye ashiye uphuhliso kunye nokukhula kwezinye iindawo zezoqoqosho ezandleni zeenkampani ezizimeleyo, oku kukhokelela ekunyukeni kobuhlwempu. Nangona kunjalo, utyalo-mali olugqithisileyo lwemithombo yobutyebi kwimigaqo-nkqubo yezentlalo lunokuvelisa ukwanda kwemigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente enabantu abaninzi.
phandle
Ungenelelo lombuso kwimigaqo-nkqubo yokuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle notyalo-mali apho urhulumente ngokwakhe enalo kumazwe angaphandle, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ukukhula koqoqosho. Amazwe avelisa ioli kunye neempahla ngawona anomdla kolu hlobo lomgaqo-nkqubo wezoqoqosho.
Esinye isicwangciso esithathelwe ingqalelo kumgaqo-nkqubo wamazwe angaphandle kukuxatyiswa kwemali yasekhaya ngokubhekiselele kwiimali ezibaluleke kakhulu kwihlabathi. Ngamanye amazwi, kuyafaneleka ukulungisa izinga lotshintshiselwano njengendlela yokunika ukuqina kwimali yasekhaya. Yiyo loo nto utyalo-mali lwangaphandle lubalulekile, olungafuneki lube lodwa kumgaqo-nkqubo wezoqoqosho wasekhaya.
Ukukhuthaza kunye nokuxhasa iinkampani ukuze zikwazi ukuphumeza ukuthunyelwa kwazo ngaphandle ngokulawula irhafu kunye nokunceda ukubeka iimveliso kumazwe akufutshane. Unokufumana olu hlobo lwesenzo kwinqaku elilandelayo Iindlela zoshishino
Interna
La Umgaqo-nkqubo wezoqoqosho Ivumela ukudala indawo enempilo kwimbono yezoqoqosho. Ngenxa yoko urhulumente ngokwakhe ufuna ukukhuthaza ukukhula kunye nophuhliso lweshishini kunye norhwebo.
Ukuseka imigaqo-nkqubo apho imali-mboleko inokunikezelwa koosomashishini abancinci kunye neenkampani ezidityanisiweyo ukuze zifune ukukhula kwazo kwixesha eliphakathi. Sibona ukuba kumazwe afana neSpain amashishini abizwa ngokuba zii-SMEs (amaShishini amaNcinci namaPhakathi) akhuthazwa ngokuphandle.
Iinjongo
Ilizwe ngalinye linenjongo ethile, apho oorhulumente bacwangcisa iinjongo eziza kufezekiswa kwixesha elifutshane kunye nexesha elide, xa iinjongo zisekwe kwixesha elinokuhlala iminyaka engaphezu kwe-5.
Injongo ebalulekileyo imelwe ngokuzinzisa amaxabiso ngemilinganiselo eyenza kube nokwenzeka ukunqanda amanqanaba okunyuka kwamaxabiso. Kurhulumente kubaluleke kakhulu ukulawula ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ezinto kunye neenkonzo. Nangona baxhomekeke kakhulu kuqoqosho lwesizwe.
Urhulumente ufuna ukunqanda ukunyuka okungafaniyo kwamaxabiso ngemigaqo-nkqubo yezemali, ingcamango kukunciphisa intelekelelo. Oku kubonisa into egqwethekileyo kuqoqosho olutsha lwehlabathi lesithathu. Kwilizwe ngalinye kukho imibutho esebenzisa amacebo okulawula amaxabiso nokunyuka kwamaxabiso. Njengomzekelo ukusetyenziswa kwe-IPC, (Isalathiso samaxabiso kumthengi).
Esi salathisi sibonisa amanani kwizinto ezahlukeneyo eziye zagcina okanye zanyusa ixabiso lazo. Ngokusekwe kumaxabiso abonisa ixabiso elipheleleyo lento ebizwa ngokuba yibhaskithi esisiseko. Sisixhobo esinceda ukwazi ngenene amaxabiso ewonke ezinto kunye neenkonzo ezidingwa ngabantu ukuze baphile.
Umgaqo-nkqubo wezoQoqosho ukwafuna phakathi kweenjongo zawo ukuzuza ukukhula okuzinzileyo njengoko iminyaka ihamba. Esona sicwangciso somgaqo-nkqubo wezemali kukwandisa imveliso yeempahla kunye nokubonelela ngeenkonzo ezisemgangathweni kuninzi lweqela labemi.
Oku kuguqulela kumaxabiso emveliso yangaphakathi (GDP). Yiyiphi indlela evumela ukuba siqonde indlela inqanaba kunye nomgangatho wobomi obusekwe ngayo kwipesenti ephezulu yabemi. Ezi njongo kunzima ukufikelela xa kukho umgaqo-nkqubo wezoqoqosho kunye neziphene.
Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukusebenzisa amanyathelo okulungisa anokuphucula imeko yabantu bonke. Ukuphucula ingqesho kuzo zonke iindawo zabucala nezikawonke-wonke. Xa umsebenzi ukhuthazwa, imveliso kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo lwexesha elide luqinisekisiwe.