Ukugcina igadi enemibala, iZityalo ezinde zamagqabi amfusa zinokutyalwa, kwezinye iimeko ziyatyiwa, zinyange okanye zihombise nje. Zinika umboniso omkhulu xa zikhula kwiindawo ezinelanga kunye naxa zikwiindawo ezinomthunzi ophakathi zifumana ukhathalelo oluyimfuneko. Siyakumema ukuba uqhubeke ufunda eli nqaku ukuze wazi iintlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo ezinamagqabi aluhlaza.
Izityalo eziMde eziMvubu ezinamagqabi
Amahlamvu amfusa ezityalo kungenxa yokuxinana okuphezulu kwento enemibala ekhoyo kwiivacuoles zeeseli zesityalo ezaziwa ngokuba yi-anthocyanin, eyongamela ngaphezulu kombala oluhlaza, othi ngenkqubo uqhawuke uveze imithunzi eyongezelelweyo, ngaloo ndlela kuvele izithunzi ezintle zentyatyambo. uhlaza olukhoyo, kuquka nemfusa, oluthi xa ludityaniswe nolunye uluhlu lwezityalo luvelise umahluko omkhulu owenza izitiya okanye nasiphi na isithuba esidityaniswe njengezinto zendalo zokuhombisa zikhazimle.
Iingcebiso ngokuBanzi kwiZityalo zamagqabi amade eziMsobo
Ukugcinwa okuchanekileyo kwezityalo ezinamahlamvu ale toni, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubeke ingqalelo kwinto yokukhanya, kuba uninzi lwezityalo ezinamagqabi amfusa ziya kufuna ukukhanya ukugcina umbala wazo kunye nemilo edibeneyo. Ukuba bangaphandle kufuneka babekwe apho ilanga elingathanga ngqo lifikelela khona, kwaye ukuba bangaphakathi, kufuneka babe kufutshane nefestile ukuze bafumane ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo, nokuba yeyiphi na imeko ukuba yindawo evaliweyo ngandlel 'ithile unokusebenzisa i-groove light. isete kwisibali-xesha sokuphuma.
Ngokumalunga nokunkcenkceshela, ezi zityalo zifuna ukunkcenkceshela okuphakathi, oko kukuthi, azikwazi ukuba zigqithise okanye zingonelanga ukuze zingayihluthi okanye yomise, apho imitha yamanzi yezityalo ingasetyenziselwa, ngakumbi xa ingaphakathi kwaye inokuqinisekiswa okongeziweyo. ukufuma ngokubeka isixhobo sokufuma kufutshane nezityalo ngexesha lasebusika. Ukongezelela, enye imeko kukuba bafuna umhlaba omele uphathwe ngezichumisi zamaminerali ngexesha leenyanga zasentwasahlobo nasehlotyeni.
Iintlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo ezinolu hlobo
Kukho uluhlu olubanzi lwezityalo ezihlukaniswa ngokuba namagqabi awo afakwe umbala ngethoni emfusa, efuna iimeko ezifanelekileyo malunga namanzi, ukukhanya, ukufuma, phakathi kwezinye, ukuze zikhule zisempilweni kwaye zigcine umbala wazo ngalo lonke ixesha ngokuzimeleyo. .yendawo yokulima, kungoko sinomdla ekuchazeni ngezantsi isampulu yoluhlu olukhulu lwezityalo ezinamagqabi amade amfusa athi indalo ibonelele ngobuhle bayo obukhulu.
Persian Shield (Strobilanthes dyeranus)
Zizityalo ezintle ezinamagqabi amade amfusa, aneentyantyambo ezidibanisa imfusa nesilivere, zibonakala nakwesiphi na isikhongozeli ngokufikelela phantse kwimitha ubude. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-royal purple, xa ikhuliswe kumthunzi ongaphelelanga iyakuqokelela ukukhanya kwaye ibonise emagqabini ayo, kodwa ukuba igcinwe ngaphakathi endlini iya kufuna ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo ukugcina umbala wayo o-violet. Ikhula kakuhle kuluhlu lwe-pH yomhlaba ongathathi hlangothi kwaye inokunyamezela imihlaba eneasidi kancinane. Okukhona ifumana amanzi amancinci, kokukhona iya kufuna umthunzi.
Ifuna amaqondo obushushu angaphezulu kwe 15 degrees celcius kunye nomoya ofumileyo, zidla ngokukhuliswa rhoqo ngaphakathi endlini okanye njengonyaka wehlobo kwindawo ezipholileyo. Ukuba ityalwe kumhlaba otyebileyo onomswakama ophezulu, iPersian Shield iya kufuna kuphela ukutya okulula ekuqaleni kwexesha kwaye kwakhona phakathi kwehlobo. Ngaphakathi kwisikhongozeli, gcina isityalo sikwisayizi elawulekayo kunokuba usiyeke sikhule siphelele. Indlela efanelekileyo yokwenza oku kukubuyisela izityalo ezincinci ngonyaka ngamnye de zifikelele kubukhulu obupheleleyo, uze uzibuyisele emva kweminyaka emibini.
Xa ufuna izityalo ezininzi ezinamahlamvu amfusa athandekayo, ungakwenza oko ukusuka kwimbewu okanye ukusikwa, kodwa khumbula ukuba imbewu ifuna iimeko ezifudumeleyo phakathi kwe-12 kunye ne-18 degrees ukuze intshule, ngelixa ukusika kuya kufuneka kuvele kwi-softwood kwaye kufakwe ubushushu obuncinci. emazantsi ukuze zingaboli phambi kokuba zibe neengcambu. Elona xesha lonyaka lokuzala kwezityalo kusentlakohlaza nasekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Ekubeni i-Persian Shield ikhulile ngenxa yamahlamvu ayo kwaye iintyatyambo azibonakali ngokukodwa, abalimi abaninzi bathanda ukususa amaqabunga rhoqo ukuze benze isityalo se-bushier ukulawula ukukhula kwayo. Kule nkalo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ungawasusi amaqabunga abunile aphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza emva kweentyatyambo kwaye nangona abonakala edabukisayo, into abayibonisayo yimeko yabo yokungasebenzi ebusika kwaye bahamba nge-lethargy yendalo de iphinde iphinde ikhule kwaye iphinde ikhule entwasahlobo.
UmYuda obhadulayo (Tradescantia Zebrina)
Zizizityalo ezikhula kwizityalo ezikhula kumhlaba wegadi okanye kwizikhongozeli ezijingayo ukuze ziqhube ukukhula kwazo ngendlela yomdiliya, zinokubekwa kufutshane neefestile ezinelanga. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba abanako ukunyamezela kubanda kwaye baya kufa kunye neqhwa lokuqala eliqinileyo xa beshiywe ngaphandle, nangona kunjalo, banokufuduselwa ngaphakathi kwindlu ukuze babanakekele ngexesha lasebusika. Luhlobo olunamagqabi anophawu lomnquma kunye nesilivere yethowuni kwindawo ephezulu kunye nombala we-violet onzulu kwindawo esezantsi, kodwa kukho ezinye izinto ezahlukeneyo ezidlala umbala omfusa kuzo zombini iindawo zamagqabi.
I-Tradescantia ichuma kakuhle kumhlaba ophakathi ukuya kokukhanya okuqaqambileyo. Sisityalo esikhula ngokulula ukusuka kwizikhondo ezisikwe emanzini okanye ezixinge kumhlaba ofumileyo. Kunconywa ukuba bancediswe ukunyuka ngokubeka izixhaso ngexesha lokukhula kwabo kunye nokuvumela umhlaba ukuba wome phakathi kwamaxesha okunkcenkceshela, ukuwugcina ufumile ngokulinganayo ngamaxesha onke, anokuqinisekiswa ngokusebenzisa inzwa yangaphakathi / yangaphandle yokufuma kunye nemitha. Xa ukufuma kusezantsi kakhulu, amagqabi aqala ukujika abemdaka aze afe.
Xa zingafumani kukhanya ngokwaneleyo, umbala wamagqabi azo uyabuna. Ukuba ukhetha ukuyihambisa ngaphandle ehlotyeni, qiniseka ukuyigcina emthunzini ongaphelelanga apho ikhuselwe ekukhanyeni kwelanga. Kwelinye icala, olu hlobo lwesityalo lufuna kuphela ukuchunyiswa ukusuka entwasahlobo ukuya ehlotyeni kwaye kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba izinambuzane aziqhelekanga ukuba yingxaki xa zikhula iimbotyi ezibhadulayo ngaphandle. Kodwa amangolwane, iintwala kunye neembuzane zomngundo zinokuzonakalisa kwiindawo zasekhaya kwaye ukuze ufumane amagqabi amfusa awosulelekileyo kufuneka usebenzise isibulali-zinambuzane sendalo.
cercis canadensis
Kuthathwa njenge-shrub encinci ene-multi-stemmed, ebekwe ngasemva komda okanye kwindawo eveleleyo engadini. Ngentlakohlaza, amasebe awo avelisa iqoqo leentyatyambo ezipinki eziqaqambileyo, ngoxa amagqabi awo ephuma ebomvu-mfusa. Ehlotyeni, la magqabi amnyama abe ngumbala omhle we-burgundy, ngaphambi kokujika ekwindla kumxube omangalisayo wegolide, i-orenji kunye ne-crimson. Ikhula elangeni okanye emthunzini inxalenye kuwo nawuphi na umhlaba otsalwe kakuhle, ifikelela kwiimitha ezisi-8 ubude kwiminyaka engama-20.
Amagqabi alomthi ayatshintshana kwaye alula, anemida yonke engaphantsi kwe 12 centimeters ubude, kwaye abanzi, mancinci, kwaye anokuba noboya obuncinci ngaphantsi. Uluhlaza obumnyama phezulu, ngexesha lekwindla bajika umbala oqaqambileyo, otyheli okhanyayo. Ukongeza, inepateni entle engaqhelekanga ye-branching, njengoko isiqu sayo esifutshane sihlala siqhekeka kufutshane nomhlaba. Amasebe abhityileyo athe aphumela ngaphandle, enika umthi ubume obushinyeneyo, obungqukuva. Ixolo limnyama, bubomvu-ntsundu, ligudileyo, kamva linamaxolo anemiqolo ecacileyo, ngamanye amaxesha inamachokoza amdaka.
Iziqhamo ziba mcaba, zomile, zimdaka kwaye zilinganisa malunga neesentimitha ezili-10, ngaphakathi apho zigcina imbewu e-elliptical emalunga ne-5 okanye i-6 millimeters, evuthwa phakathi kwehlobo ukuya phakathi kokwindla. Imizekelo yezi zityalo zinde, ezinamahlamvu amfusa kulula ukukhula kwaye ziyakwazi ukunyamezela kubanda kuneentlobo ezifanayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo isasazwa ngembewu ehlwayelwe isiqingatha sesentimitha ubunzulu okanye ngokusikwa kweengcambu.
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ukutyalwa kufuneka kwenziwe kumhlaba onzulu ukuze kukhule ingcambu ende kwiminyaka emithathu yokuqala emva kokukhula phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokukhula. Nangona iwanyamezela amaxesha embalela, iCercis canadensis yenza ngcono xa incenkceshelwa rhoqo ngexesha elomileyo lasehlotyeni. Ukuthena kunconywa ukukunceda ukuphuhlisa isakhiwo esomeleleyo, esinokwenziwa ngasekupheleni kwebusika okanye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngokususa amasebe adibeneyo.
isanti cherry
Ithathwa njenge-shrub ephakathi, inamagqabi amfusa amangalisayo, ngakumbi ukuhombisa iigadi ukusuka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ukuya ekwindla, inzalelwane yaseMntla Melika, ibonakala ngokukhula okukhawulezayo okusuka kwi-1 ukuya kwi-3 yeemitha ukuphakama. Zingatyalwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kwaye kulula ukukhula, ziqhelana kakuhle neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaba kunye neemeko zelanga. Xa isityalo siselula, sikwimo e-oval kwaye siya kuvuleka kwaye sivule ngakumbi ukusuka embindini xa sifikelela ekuvuthweni.
Esi sesinye sezityalo ezide ezimfusa namagqabi ezidubula rhoqo entlakohlaza emva kokuvela kwamahlamvu. Iintyatyambo ezipinki ezikhanyayo nezimhlophe zikhawuleza zitshintshwe ziziqhamo ezimnyama okanye ezimfusa phakathi ehlotyeni. Iziqhamo zingumthombo wokutya obalulekileyo kwiintaka ezininzi, kuquka iirobin kunye neekhadinali. Nangona i-purple leaf sand cherry stems iya kuba bomvu obomvu ukuya kumnyama omnyama ngombala kwaye ithande ukukhupha i-sap, uphawu oluphawulekayo xa isityalo sikhula.
Ukukhupha amanzi kubalulekile kuba iingcambu zazo zihlala kufuphi nomphezulu kwaye ziyakwazi ukubola. Kwakhona, kufuneka inkcenkceshelwe rhoqo njengoko ingakwazi ukumelana nembalela. Ukunkcenkceshela enye ngeveki kudla ngokwaneleyo, kodwa unokudinga ngakumbi ukuba usandula ukutshintshwa, udlula kwixesha elishushu, elomileyo, okanye ukwixesha labo lokuqala lokukhula. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunokuthiwa yinto yonke yokumelana nemozulu, ikwazi ukumelana noluhlu olubanzi lwamaqondo obushushu ehlotyeni nasebusika, nangona izityalo ezikhule kwiindawo ezipholileyo zinokuba zincinci kwaye zivelise iintyatyambo ezimbalwa.
Ngentlakohlaza izondlo ezongezelelweyo zinokubonelelwa ngokuchumisa. Ngokuphathelele ukuthena, kufuneka kwenziwe njengoko kufuneka emva kokuba iintyatyambo zifikile entlakohlaza ukugcina ukumila okumbhoxo okuqina, ekufuneka kuqale ngokucheba iziqu ezindala kuqala, kususwe malunga nesinye kwisithathu sokukhula okukhoyo kwaye kushiye i-intshi ezimbalwa zesiqu. tyhiniwe kwisiseko. Ngalo lonke ixesha susa amasebe awonakeleyo. Ukuba unqwenela, unokwenza ukuthenwa okungqongqo ukwenza iheji yokuhombisa.
Esi sityalo sisengozini yezinambuzane ezifana nooqongqothwane baseJapan, iintshulube, iintwala, i-mealybugs, kunye neemopane, ezinokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kumagqabi aso, njengemingxuma kunye namagqabi amfusa amdaka okanye abunile. Basenokufumana izifo ezininzi, kubandakanya i-honey fungus, i-verticillium wilt, i-black knot, i-cankers, i-powdery mildew, i-leaf spot, kunye ne-bacterial leaf scorch. Ukongezelela, amasebe awo athanda ukuba yiqabaka. Zombini iingxaki zezinambuzane kunye nezifo zinokunciphisa ubomi besityalo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuthatha amanyathelo ngokukhawuleza ukulwa naluphi na usulelo.
Umnandi uCarolina Creeper
Ikwabizwa ngokuba ngumdiliya webhatata, ikhula kakuhle kakhulu ngaphandle okanye ngaphakathi, ifunwa kakhulu njengoko ifanelekile kwizitiya zekhonteyina, imida, iibhedi zeentyatyambo kunye nembonakalo yomhlaba. Esi sityalo sixatyiswa kakhulu ngenxa yamagqabi aso akhazimlayo afumaneka ngemibala eyahlukeneyo kuquka nemfusa. Sisityalo esingadumi, kodwa ngamahlamvu aso angaqhelekanga anokonwatyelwa unyaka wonke ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba kuvele iintyatyambo. Umdiliya webhatata wenza ngcono kumhlaba ofumileyo, otsalwe kakuhle, kwaye olu ludidi oluguquguqukayo ngokubhekiselele kwiimfuno zokukhanya.
Olu hlobo lwezityalo zokuhombisa luvame ukukhula elangeni okanye emthunzini oyingxenye, nangona kunjalo, ukukhanya kwelanga, kungcono umbala wamagqabi awo. Ziyakwazi ukumelana nembalela, nangona ziya kukhula ngamandla ngokunkcenkceshela rhoqo, qiniseka ukugcina umhlaba ufumile, kodwa ungabi manzi kakhulu njengoko amagqabi anobuna. Ukufakela isichumiso kwimidiliya yebhatata kudla ngokuzikhethela kwaye kuya kuxhomekeka ekubeni ufuna ikhule kangakanani na, nangona kunjalo ukutya kweveki nganye ngexesha lokukhula kuya kwanela, kodwa xa kujongwa umkhwa wayo womelele ngokwendalo kunokwenzeka ukuba ukongezwa izondlo ezongezelelweyo nazo ziyakwandiswa. kufuneka basike.
Ezi zityalo zinde zinamagqabi amfusa kulula ukukhula kwizityalo ezikhoyo. Ukwahlula nje isebe elinamaqabunga amaninzi kwaye uwasuse ukusuka ngaphantsi kwee-intshi ezimbalwa kwaye udibanise isiqu emanzini iintsuku eziliqela de iingcambu ziphume. Le yindlela efanelekileyo yokugqithisa i-sweet potato imidiliya ngenxa yokuba iya kuhlala bonke ubusika emanzini kwaye ilungele ukutyala entwasahlobo. Enye indlela yokusasaza kukusebenzisa iibhubhu emva kokumba ngaphambi kweqabaka yokuqala, ziyeke zome kwaye zigcinwe ebusika kwi-peat okanye i-vermiculum kwindawo epholileyo, eyomileyo njenge-cellar.
Izinambuzane ezitya ezi zityalo zinde namagqabi amfusa ziquka igolden tortoise beetle egqobhoza emagqabini, ingahlaselwa nayimibungu efunxa amagqabi kunye nebhatata whitefly ekwazi ukukhupha izondlo zesityalo kwaye icothise ukukhula kwayo. Lemidiliya ikwathanda ukungunda, ngakumbi xa ityalwe kwindawo enye ngamaxesha amaninzi, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba uyiphephe le ngxaki ngokuguqula isithuba sokutyala phakathi kwamaxesha onyaka kwaye usebenzise izitshabalalisi zendalo nje ukuba uphawule umonakalo.
Ibarberry yaseJapan (iBerberis thunbergii)
Izityalo zolu didi zinameva kwaye ziyanyamezela kwaye zomelele ngokwendalo. Amagqabi ayo abomvu-mfusa-mfusa afaneleka njengokuvuthuluka, kunye nokuhluka okuthile ngexesha lokukhula, ngoko ke amagqabi kumahlumelo amatsha abepinki ngakumbi, enika umphumo othandekayo xa amatyholo enziwe ngokukhula okutsha okufuze. Kwakhona zithwala iintyatyambo eziqaqambileyo ezityheli ehlotyeni kunye namaqunube abomvu aqaqambileyo ekwindla. Ikhula kakuhle kuyo yonke imihlaba kwaye umbala wayo ugqama kakuhle elangeni. Zikwasetyenziselwa ukusika iimilo zetopiary kuyilo olukhethekileyo lokujonga umhlaba.
La matyholo anomkhwa ongqukuva, afikelela kubude obuyimitha enye enesiqingatha kunye neentyatyambo ezimthubi ezimthubi ezidubula phakathi kwentwasahlobo. Bakwanazo nemiqolo ebukhali kunye namaqunube abomvu amade ahlala ixesha elide kwiinyanga ezibandayo kwaye ke axatyiswa ngomdla wasebusika abawunikezayo. Esi sihlahla sikhula lula kumhlaba ophakathi. Iyakwazi ukunyamezela iimeko ezahlukeneyo zomhlaba, nje ukuba kukho ukukhupha okulungileyo. Umhlaba obolileyo unokukhokelela ekuboleni kweengcambu.
Ngokubanzi, akuyomfuneko ukuchumisa amaqunube aseJapan ngaphandle kokuba unomhlaba ombi kakhulu. Ukuphucula impilo yezityalo kunye namandla, unokuchumisa ngasekupheleni kwebusika okanye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuba intyatyambo iqale ngokukhupha isichumisi se-shrub. Kwelinye icala, ayifuni ukuchetywa rhoqo, ngaphandle kokuba ufuna ukususa iindawo ezonakeleyo okanye ezigulayo njengoko kufuneka, okanye uqingqe nje. Oku kuthena kubanzi kufuneka kwenziwe emva kweentyatyambo zeshrub entwasahlobo okanye ekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Ukugqibezela inkcazo jikelele yesi sityalo, kunokuqatshelwa ukuba phakathi kweentlobo zayo kukho into ebizwa ngokuba yiCrimson Pygmy, ebonakala ngokuba ngumthi omncinci ukuya kwimitha ubude kwaye unamagqabi abomvu-mfusa. Kukwakho nodidi lweConcorde, apho esi sihlahla sibumbeneyo, singqukuva esifikelela kuphela malunga neesentimitha ezingama-60 ubude kunye nemidlalo yamahlamvu amfusa amnyama athi aqandusele ngakumbi kwiinyanga zikaSeptemba ukuya kuDisemba.
Umsi Bush (Cotinus Royal Purple)
Amagqabi amfusa anzulu esi tyholo lomsi aya kuphelisa imida yakho, iigadi, okanye izikhongozeli ezinemvelaphi emnyama. Ihlathi elinamandla livelisa amagqabi aya kuba makhulu xa athenwa ngamandla ngonyaka ngamnye, ngakumbi entwasahlobo. ICotinos zizityalo ezinyamezelayo ezikhula kakuhle elangeni okanye emthunzini omdaka nakwimihlaba emininzi, kodwa umbala wazo uqaqambe kakhulu xa zikhule kwindawo enelanga. Inokufikelela kwiimitha ezisi-8 ubude. Ebudeni beenyanga zasehlotyeni, ezi zityalo zigqunywa yinkungu yeentyatyambo ezinontsiba, ezithiya igama lazo.
Zineziqu ezininzi kunye namagqabi amfusa kwezinye iicultivars kwaye zinokufikelela kuma-40 ukuya kuma-70 eesentimitha ukuphakama, enye into yokuba kuxhomekeke kuluhlu, zijika zibe tyheli, i-orenji okanye zibomvu bomvu ekwindla, kwaye igama layo lithatyathwe kwiinwele ezinamagagasi. idityaniswe kwiintyatyambo ezihlala zikhona ehlotyeni, zitshintsha ukusuka kwipinki eqhumayo ukuya kwipinki emfusa njengoko ixesha lonyaka liqhubeka. Ngokuphathelele ukunyamekelwa kwabo, izityalo ezincinci kufuneka zinkcenkceshelwe nzulu kwaye rhoqo zide ziqiniswe kakuhle.
Xa oku kusenzeka isihlahla somsi siyakwazi ukumelana neemeko ezomileyo, xa sikhula izityalo ziqhuba kakuhle xa zinkcenkceshelwa rhoqo kwiintsuku ezili-10 ngexesha lokukhula okusebenzayo. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba isiseko sesityalo sigqunywe ngamaplanga okanye i-mulch ye-bark ngamaxesha onke ukugcina ukhula kunye nomhlaba omanzi. Kwiimeko ezinomthunzi, amagqabi aya kuba mbalwa, afune ukuthenwa rhoqo ukugcina izityalo zixinene. Kwelinye icala, kucebiseka ukuba usichumise ukuze sikhule ngamandla kuze kugcinwe amagqabi, ngoko ke ukuchumisa okuzele zizondlo kubalulekile.
Enye inkalo yokugqamisa kukukhululeka apho ukusasazwa kwehlathi kunokufezekiswa, mhlawumbi ngokusika okanye imbewu. Ukuba yenziwe ngesiqu, qiniseka ukuba inamagqabi kwaye ususe amagqabi asezantsi uze uwangcwabe kwindawo engaphantsi komhlaba ukuze kube lula ukwenza iingcambu kwaye kuvele isityalo esitsha. Ngokuchasene noko, ukuba kukho iimbewu, kufuneka zifakwe emanzini usuku lonke, zomiswe kwaye zityalwe malunga neesentimitha ezili-12 kubunzulu kumhlaba oyisanti, emva kwexesha, inokutshintshwa ifakwe kwindawo elungiselelwe ukuqhubeka nenkqubo yayo. Ekugqibeleni, kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba esi sityalo sinokuchaphazeleka ngokuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane ezifana ne-leaf roller kunye ne-Verticillium fungus.
I-basil emfusa
I-Basil yimifuno ethandwa kakhulu enamagqabi ane-violet-hued enevumba elahlukileyo, eqinile ephakathi ukuya kwithenda esetyenziswa kwiindlela zokupheka zokutya, ezizalelwa kwiindawo ezomileyo zaseAfrika naseAsia. Esi sityalo sidinga ubushushu obuninzi ukuze sikhule, nangona kunjalo zininzi iintlobo onokukhetha kuzo, ezinye zazo ezityalwe ukumelana neemeko ezipholileyo. Ziqhelene ne-downy mildew kunye ne-whitefly, yiyo loo nto zihlala zikhapha izityalo zetumato ukunqanda esi sitshabalalisi samva.
I-Basil Crimson King yintlobo enemibala ebomvu, iyunifomu kunye namagqabi anamandla. Ziyakwazi ukuveliswa ngokutsha ngokuhlwayela imbewu ngaphakathi kwi-greenhouse okanye kwifestile efudumeleyo, emva koko uhambisa isityalo ngaphandle kwehlobo. Kubalulekile ukuwankcenkceshela ngokucokisekileyo, ngokukhethekileyo ngaphambi kwemini emaqanda ukuze iingcambu zibe nexesha lokomisa ngaphambi kokuba amaqondo obushushu ehle ebusuku, kunye nokuqokelela amagqabi rhoqo kunye nokususa iintyatyambo ukuze kugxininiswe amandla esityalo kwimveliso eyodwa. amagqabi.
Ekubeni sisityalo esifumileyo, ukunkcenkceshela kwayo kuya kuxhomekeka kwixesha lonyaka ukwazi ubungakanani bamanzi, ngokubanzi 1 okanye 2 amaxesha ngosuku ukunqanda ukuba ingabuni. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukugcina i-substrate ichumile, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba uyichumise ngokwemvelo inyanga nenyanga kwaye uvune amaqabunga rhoqo ukuze uvuselele ukukhula kwawo. Olu didi lwezityalo olunamagqabi amade amfusa luzala ngokukhawuleza kwaye uya kuhlala lukhona. Ukuyisasaza, kuyimfuneko ukulungiselela i-seedbeds, ukuba i-tray, ubukhulu kufuneka bube ubuncinane be-3 okanye i-4 centimeters.
Ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokusebenzisa imbiza, kufuneka ibe malunga neesentimitha ezili-12 ububanzi ukukhusela izityalo ukuba zikhule ngokusondeleyo. Emva koko, kulungele ukusebenzisa i-mulch yemifuno efumileyo kunye nembewu enye okanye ezimbini kwisahlulo ngasinye ngaphandle kokutyumza umhlaba, ukugubungela kamva kwaye ubeke ecaleni kwefestile okanye enye indawo apho ifumana ukukhanya kwelanga, ukubonelela ngamanzi mihla le. Xa amagqabi okuqala ebonakala, susa iplastiki kwaye uqhubeke ufumisa de izityalo zikhule iisentimitha ezimbalwa ukuze zikwazi ukuzitshintshela. Zisenokukhuliswa ngokusikwa kwisikhongozelo esinamanzi de zibe neengcambu kwaye zilungele ukutshintshwa kwisitya sokugqibela okanye embizeni.
Isityalo saseTi (Cordyline Fruticosa)
Isityalo sendlu esinombala omfusa-bomvu esinamagqabi amade ngemibala eqaqambileyo, lukhetho olugqibeleleyo lokongezelela ukuchaphaza kombala, isitayile kunye nedrama kwikona ekhanyiswe kakuhle yegumbi. Uninzi lweendidi zinamagqabi amile okwemitya anemigca eqaqambileyo yemibala eyahlukeneyo yepinki eshushu, emhlophe, ekhrimu, okanye ithunzi elimfusa. ICordyline fructicosa ikhetha ukukhanya kwelanga kwaye iyathanda ukuba kwindawo enelanga elingaphelelanga.
Izityalo zeTi zingaphakathi ngaphakathi, kukho iintlobo ezininzi kwindibaniselwano nganye yeviolet, emnyama, ikalika, ipinki, iorenji, kunye neemilo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu, ezinye zinamagqabi amancinci, ezinye zibanzi, amagqabi amancinci, phakathi kwezinye iimpawu. Esi sityalo sinenzuzo yokuba sinokuqhelana naso nasiphi na isikimu sokutyala. Zilinganisa imitha enye ukuya kwezimbini ukuphakama nesiqingatha semitha ububanzi. Ezi zityalo zinde namagqabi amfusa zivelisa iingcambu ezidla ngokubeka izitiya ngokukhawuleza. Zikhuliswe kwindawo yomthunzi ogcweleyo kwi-substrate ekhululekile.
Emva kokutyala, faka isigcina-kufuma kunye nonkcenkceshela rhoqo de ubekwe, ngoko kancinci. IiCordylines zomelele kwaye ziyawanyamezela amaxesha elanga, nangona zikhetha ukukhanya okuhluziweyo. Njengenxalenye yokhathalelo olufunayo, kukho ukususwa kwamagqabi afileyo, intwasahlobo lelona xesha lifanelekileyo lokuwenza okanye xa bosulelwe sisitshabalalisi. Izichumisi ezimanzi kufuneka ziqwalaselwe emva kokoma ixesha elide kwaye rhoqo kwiinyanga ezi-3 zokuphucula amagqabi amfusa. Ngokusika onke amagqabi isityalo siya kukhula sibuye kwisiqu.
Ukuveliswa kolu tyani kuveliswa ngokusikwa kunye nokutyalwa kwayo okulandelayo kweziqu ezikhutshwe kwenye indawo egadini okanye kwiimbiza ukwenzela ukuba iziphumo zokwandisa. Qiniseka nje ukuba unikezela ngolwelo olubalulekileyo kwiinyanga ezi-2-3 zokuqala kwaye uphephe ukubabeka esichengeni sokukhanya kwelanga. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba amagqabi ayo asikiweyo anokusetyenziswa okuninzi, ngakumbi ekuhombiseni nasekuphekeni xa esetyenziswa njengezona zinto ziphambili okanye amalungiselelo okusingqongileyo, amagqabi anokusetyenziselwa ukusonga okanye imihombiso yezitya zokupheka, nangona zingatyiwa.
IHeuchera
Ngokuqhelekileyo zifumaneka kwiigadi, apho ziphawulwa ngamagqabi azo amfusa ahlukeneyo adityaniswe nepinki eshushu, kodwa afuna amanyathelo xa etyalwe kwizikhongozelo zokuthintela usulelo lwesikhukula sediliya, kodwa oku kunokuba yingxaki encinci. izityalo zihamba kakuhle elangeni okanye emthunzini ukongeza umbala omangalisayo egadini, eziqaqambileyo zalo mbala zibonakaliswa kakuhle entwasahlobo. Ukongeza koku, zifuna umhlaba omanzi wodongwe okhupha kakuhle.
Iintsimbi ze-Coral zivela emahlathini aseNyakatho Melika, zivame ukukhula kwiindawo ezixineneyo, zinamahlamvu anemibala eqaqambileyo, yingakho zikhule ngokuyinhloko, kwaye iintyatyambo zasehlotyeni zongeza kwi-charm yazo yasehlotyeni. Isityalo esixineneyo, esigqumayo esinamagqabi abengezelayo amnyama-mnyama, alungele ukukhula phambi komda onomthunzi okanye iivazi zepatio. Umbala wayo omkhulu ubonakala ngakumbi xa intaphane yeentyantyambo ezincinci ezinombala okhrimu zizalwa kwizikhondo ezinde kwiinyanga zikaJuni ukuya kuSeptemba.
Zenza ngcono xa zinomthunzi, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezishushu. Umbala unokunyamalala kukukhanya kwelanga, oku kubangele ukuba ubushushu obuninzi kunye nokukhanya kutshise amagqabi, kodwa oku kunokuphetshwa ngokunkcenkceshela isityalo rhoqo, ngakumbi njengoko iingcambu ezingenzulwanga ziya kufuna ukufuma okongezelelekileyo kwiintsuku ezishushu zelanga. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba iintsimbi ze-coral ezityalwe emthunzini omanzi zinokuthi zihlasele izifo zefungal. Ukuba izityalo zakho ziqala ukuba neengxaki, kungcono ukuzihambisa kwindawo eyomileyo.
knight emfusa
Ezi zityalo zamagqabi amnyama zilungele ukufudumala kwaye zifanele ukubekwa kwimida, njengokhuselo lomhlaba okanye kwigadi esemthethweni yamaqhina, okubalulekileyo amagqabi azo amfusa anzulu anokwahluka kwiintyatyambo ezinemibala eqaqambileyo okanye amagqabi naphi na. I-Alternanthera inzalelwane kwiindawo ezishushu kunye neendawo ezitshisayo zoMbindi noMzantsi Merika, iintyatyambo zazo zidla ngokucinga emva koko. Amahlamvu ayo erubhi-mfusa aphantse abemnyama aqhuba kakuhle kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, apho umbala wawo uye uba nzulu kwaye ubengezela ngakumbi.
Olu didi kulula ukukhula ukusuka kwimbewu, ukukhathalela ukuyityala emva kwexesha leqabaka kumhlaba ofumileyo, otsalwe kakuhle elangeni ukuqinisekisa umbala ongaphezulu, okanye zingakhuliswa kumthunzi. Imbewu kufuneka ihlwayelwe kwiqondo lokushisa kwe-12 ukuya kwi-18 degrees ngokukhawuleza xa ivuthiwe okanye entwasahlobo ukuze izithole zihluke ngombala. Ukuyiphindaphinda, oku kunokwenziwa kwakhona ngokwahlula iinqumle ekupheleni kwehlobo. Omnye umba omawuqwalaselwe kukuba kwesi sityalo sonyaka, amangolwane kunye neFusarium wilt zimele umngcipheko omkhulu ekufuneka uliwe ngokukhawuleza xa zibhaqwe ukunqanda umonakalo ongaphaya.
Ninebark (Physocarpus opulifolius)
Njengesihlahla esineentyantyambo eziguquguqukayo, sisetyenziswa kakhulu kumhlaba. Ifumana igama layo kwixolo layo, elinokwahlulwa libe ngamaleko alithoba amancinci. Inamaqabunga amfusa kwezinye iinguqulelo zayo, ukongeza kumbala oluhlaza obumnyama okanye obomvu obomvu kwezinye iintetho. Iqhakaza ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kunye namaqoqo eentyatyambo ezimhlophe okanye ezipinki, kwaye ivelise amaqunube abomvu ekupheleni kwehlobo nasekwindla ahlala atsala iintaka. Ifumaneka kwiisayizi ezininzi, kunye nobude obuvuthiweyo ukusuka kwi-1,5 ukuya kwi-3 yeemitha ubude. Kukwakho neentlobo ezincinci ezifikelela ngaphantsi kwemitha ubude.
Ukutyala, iingcambu zibekwe kude kube phantsi komhlaba ukuze zihlale kwinqanaba le-substrate, ukuzalisa kunye nokudibanisa umhlaba we-alkaline okanye one-acidic kunye ne-drainage elungileyo. Ukugquma isiseko nge-mulch kuyimfuneko yokugcina ukufuma kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kokhula. Ngenxa yokuba indawo yayo yendalo iquka iindonga zemisinga, iinduli, namatyholo afumileyo, ixhasa umhlaba ovunduvundu noluvundu, kunye nomhlaba onamatye angekho nzulu, sesinye sezityalo ezimfusa ezinamagqabi amade ezifuna amanzi amancinane.
Phakathi kukaMatshi noJuni, lelona xesha lihle kakhulu lokuchumisa isihlahla solu hlobo ngomgquba kunye nesichumiso esilungiselelwe olu hlobo lwezityalo. Galela isichumiso emhlabeni ukuqala i-intshi ezimbalwa ukusuka esiqwini ukuya ekupheleni kwamasebe awo. Kwelinye icala, nqunqa emva kokutyatyamba okanye phambi kwenyanga ka-Agasti ukugcina imilo kunye namasebe amancinci. Amatyholo amadala anokuthenwa kufutshane nomhlaba ngexesha lasebusika ukuze kuhlaziywe isityalo nokukhuthaza ukukhula kwamagqabi neentyatyambo.
Kolu hlobo lwesityalo esinemithi yokwandisa, kufuneka kusikwe xa isityalo silele, kulandelwe la manyathelo: Qala ugawule amaqhekeza amaninzi esebe lomthi oqinileyo ekupheleni kwekwindla okanye ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Ebusika, malunga ne-1 centimeter ubukhulu kunye ne-10 ukuya kwi-15 yeesentimitha ubude. Ukusikwa ngakunye kufuneka kube namaqhuqhuva ama-2 ubuncinane, ukusika ngaphantsi nangaphezulu kwala masebe avelelayo. Emva koko udibanise i-bottom ye-cut cut nganye kwi-hormone ye-rooting, thabatha iinqumlo kwaye ukhusele ngebhande le-rubber.
Emva koko, kufuneka ifakwe kwisikhwama kwaye ifakwe efrijini, ukwenzela ukuba entwasahlobo baqale ukuthabatha ingcambu ukuze balungele ukuhanjiswa kwabo kwindawo yokukhula. I-nine-bark bush ineentlobo ezinemibala eyahlukeneyo yamagqabi, ngokuqhelekileyo amfusa kunye nomthubi. Phakathi kwezi yiMindina okanye iCoppertina, ebonisa amagqabi obhedu amfusa avuthwa abe bumfusa bubomvu. Kwakhona, into ebizwa ngokuba yi-Seward okanye i-Summerwine enamagqabi adibeneyo amfusa. Kwaye i-Centre Glow eyaziwayo, enamagqabi aneziko legolide elityheli elijikelezwe yi-violet.
Imephu iJapan (Acer palmatum)
Imaple eyaziwayo yaseJapan phakathi kweenkcazo zayo ezahlukeneyo inemfusa, ebizwa ngokuba yi-Acer palmatum Wolff okanye i-Emperor I, enokuthi ikhuliswe kwindawo enomthunzi okhuselweyo kwimimoya enamandla. Kwiinyanga zikaSeptemba ukuya kuDisemba amagqabi ajika abebomvu bumfusa phambi kokuwa aze agqume umhlaba ngombala omangalisayo. Zizityalo ezikhula ngokucothayo ezifanelekileyo kwizitiya kunye nezikhongozeli ezincinci.
Iyakwazi ukuhluka ukusuka kwihlathi ukuya kumthi omncinci, ubukhulu bayo obuphakathi bubude be-4-7 yeemitha ukuphakama kunye nokumila kwayo ngokuqhelekileyo kujikeleza. Ziyakhuliswa kumthunzi oyingxenye kunye nomhlaba omanzi, owenziwe kakuhle wodongwe, othintela i-substrate ekubeni ne-alkalinity ephezulu. Eyona ndlela ilula yokulawula umgangatho wokufuma womhlaba ojikeleze umthi wemaple waseJapan kukufaka isigcina-kufuma, kwaye kufuneka inkcenkceshelwe nanini na umhlaba womile, ngakumbi xa kungakhange kune mvula ingako. Ngokwenxalenye yalo, ukuchumisa kuqhutyelwa ekupheleni kobusika okanye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo emva konyaka omnye ubudala. Unokuyityisa kwakhona ehlotyeni ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Zinokusasazwa ngembewu okanye nge-softwood cuttings. Ezi zityalo zide ezimfusa-amaqabunga azifuni ukuthenwa kakhulu, susa nje amasebe athe awela ukuphucula imbonakalo kunye nezo zonakaliswe ukuze zisebenze ukukhula kwazo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, banokujamelana neengxaki ezibangelwa zizinambuzane ezinje nge-aphid, isikali kunye namabhungane ngokusisiseko, ukongezelela, banokubonisa ukutshisa, ukusika amaxolo, i-verticillium wilt, amabala emagqabini kunye nokusilela kwe-manganese, phakathi kwabanye.
isityalo sevelvet (Gynura aurantiaca)
Sisityalo esikhula ngokukhawuleza esikhula ngokukhawuleza, ngoko ke emva kokutyala siba sisityalo esihle esinamatyholo anamagqabi amfusa anobude obungange-intshi ezintandathu. Xa ziqhakaza, iintyatyambo ezibomvu kunye nephuzi kufuneka zisuswe njengoko zikhupha iphunga elimnandi elingathandekiyo kwabaninzi. Ukugcinwa kwayo kulula kakhulu, ufuna nje indawo enelanga, amanzi aneleyo kunye nokutya okuqhelekileyo. Ukugcina umbala wayo omhle, i-substrate kufuneka ibe ne-fluidity enhle, amaqabunga akufanele atshiswe, njengoko indawo epholileyo iya kugcina amanzi kwaye yandise umngcipheko wokusuleleka kwefungal.
Esi sesinye sezityalo ezinde ezimfusa ezinamagqabi amfusa anika ithuba lokuphindaphinda ngokulula ngokusikwa kwesikhondo, ekufuneka silinganise i-7 yeesentimitha ezinamaqhuqhuva amagqabi amaninzi, emva koko ziya kufakwa kumhlaba wokugalela kwaye zigcinwe zigqunyiwe ukuqinisekisa ukufuma okwaneleyo. Ukumiliselwa kweengcambu okuyimpumelelo kuqhubeke nje ukuba izithole zizelwe kuqhanqalazo olufunekayo ukuze izityalo ezitsha zikhule.
Enye into ekufuneka iqwalaselwe ekukhuleni kwesi sityalo kukuba zichaphazeleka kwintwala ezitsaleleka kwizikhondo, amangolwane kunye nezikali, ezinokunyangwa ngesibulali zinambuzane esilungileyo xa zihlaselwe kakhulu okanye zicocwe ngelaphu elifumileyo. ukwazi ukubabamba kwangethuba.
Rex begonia (Begonia rex-cultorum)
Ngaphakathi kokuhlelwa kwezityalo ezinamagqabi amade amfusa, olu didi lolunye lwezona zilungele ukukhulela ngaphakathi, nangona iintyatyambo kunye nobukhulu beentyatyambo zazo zingabonakali njengamagqabi awo. Kodwa ngokuchanekileyo, umtsalane wawo ngamahlamvu awo aqaqambileyo abonisa imiphetho ejijekileyo, ejikelezileyo kunye nelobed ngemibala ebandakanya i-violet, eluhlaza, ebomvu ukuya epinki, ehamba neethoni zesilivere kwaye ixutywe enye kwenye ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo, i-Begonia rex yenye yezona zityalo zihle kakhulu, zikwabizwa ngokuba yi-begonia yeqabunga elipeyintiweyo okanye i-fancy leaf begonias ukuya kwi-15 centimeters ubude.
Ekubeni sisityalo esinamagqabi, ukulima ngononophelo kubalulekile ukukhupha bonke ubuhle baso. Ungakwenza oku ngokusebenzisa umhlaba ovundileyo kwisitya esingekho nzulu kwaye uwutyise rhoqo. Qaphela ukugcina isityalo sifumile kwaye uphephe ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo. Qaphela ukuba ungatshizi amagqabi ngokuthe ngqo, njengoko amanzi amileyo aya kukhuthaza i-powdery mildew, eyingxaki kwisityalo esikhule ngenxa yamahlamvu aso amahle. Enye yeemeko ezifanelekileyo zombala obalaseleyo kukuba banamaqondo obushushu asemini angama-21 ngokukaCelsius kunye namaqondo obushushu asebusuku ajikeleze i-15 degrees.
Nika isityalo ngokukhanya kwelanga okungangqalanga kwaye usijikelezise rhoqo ukusibeka ekukhanyeni okufanayo macala onke. Kubalulekile ukukhankanya ukuba azinyamezeli imozulu ebanda kakhulu kwaye ebusika oku kuzisa ixesha lokuphumla kwaye banokulahlekelwa ngamagqabi abo, okuthi ukuba isityalo siphilile siya kuphila ngokukhawuleza. Ziyakwazi ukusasazwa ngokulula kakhulu ngokwahlula irhizome ngexesha lehlobo. Ukuze ezi zigawu zisebenze kufuneka zibe nomthambo omnye ongundoqo, ezi kufuneka zibekwe kwi-substrate ukuze zikhule izityalo ezitsha.
Kamva, kungcono ukuyifakela kwiimbiza ezinkulu, ezingenzulu kakhulu ukuze i-rhizome ibe nendawo yokusabalalisa. Nangona kunjalo, xa i-rhizome iqala ukuphuphuma emacaleni ebhodwe, lixesha lokuphinda inkqubo yokuyifakela kwisitya esitsha kunye nomhlaba omtsha ukwandisa isitokhwe sakho sesityalo. Njengazo zonke i-begonias, musa ukuwuthambisa umhlaba wezityalo ezisanda kufakwa, kodwa wugcine ufumile kwaye ushushu.
Olu hlobo lwezityalo ezinamagqabi amade amfusa zinokusasazwa ngokucinezela igqabi kumxube wenkunkuma kunye nokwenza imikrozo emincinci kwimithanjana yegqabi okanye ngokufaka igqabi elinepetiole ngqo emhlabeni oko kukuthi i-petiole sisikhondo esincamathela ingca yegqabi. ukuya kwisiqu sesityalo. Kwakhona, ezi zityalo zisoloko zichatshazelwa zizitshabalalisi ezifana nomngundo botrytis. I-systemic fungicide inganceda ukulwa nayo. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba ususe amagqabi afileyo ngokukhawuleza kwaye uqinisekise ukuhamba kakuhle komoya. Ngokufanayo, i-mealybugs iba yingxaki eqhelekileyo, ngoko ke kufuneka ithintelwe ngokuthena isityalo kakuhle.
IiWaffles (Hemigraphis colorata)
Sisityalo esine herbaceous esisuka kuMazantsi mpuma eAsia, sinamagqabi ombhoxo kwaye atsolo malunga ne-4 ukuya kwi-6 cm ubude kunye neencam ezijijekileyo kunye nombala we-violet omangalisayo ngasemva kunye nombala omfusa-luhlaza ngaphambili. Iingcambu ziphuma kwiindawo ezisezantsi. Zingatyalwa kwiigadi okanye kwiimbiza ukunika amagqabi aluhlaza kumbala wabo omfusa, olungele abaqulunqi bendawo edibeneyo. Esi sityalo saziwa ngokuba yi red ivy kwaye sikhula lula ngaphakathi kwindlu phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo zokukhula. Ngokomgaqo, kuyafuneka ukuba isityalo sikhanyiselwe, kodwa ukukhanya kwelanga akufikeleli emagqabini njengoko kunokuwonakalisa ngokuguqula umbala okanye ukutshisa amagqabi awo.
Omnye umqathango oyimfuneko kukuba nomhlaba ofumileyo ngokufanayo, nonkcenkceshelwa rhoqo kwaye onkcenkceshelwe kakuhle, ukuthanda ukukhula kunye nokuphila kakuhle kwesityalo. Ukufuma okuphezulu yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokhathalelo lwezityalo ze-ivy. Gcoba isityalo rhoqo kwaye usebenzise itreyi yengqalutye ukuyibonelela. Ngamaxesha athile ukusasaza kusetyenziswa ukusika kwesiqu, oku kubandakanya ukukhetha iziqwenga ze-10 ukuya kwi-15 yeesentimitha, apho onke amagqabi ngaphandle kwaphezulu aya kususwa kwaye abekwe kwizikhongozeli ezincinci kwi-substrate emanzi.
Chuba izityalo ezimfusa zamagqabi amade ngokutya kweplanti yasendlini engamanzi okanye isichumiso segranular. Amanzi njengoko kufuneka ukugcina umhlaba ufumile, ngale nkqubo uya kuba neengcambu ezisikiweyo ezilungele ukutshintshwa kwiintsuku ezi-7-10. Sakuba simisiwe isityalo kufuneka sithenwe rhoqo njengoko sikhula ngokukhawuleza. Izikhondo ezigulayo, ezibuthathaka okanye ezomileyo zisikwa ngeeshere zokuthena eziye zabulawa iintsholongwane ngotywala ekupheleni kobusika okanye ekwindla ukuze zilawule ukukhula kwazo.
Izinambuzane ze-ivy ziyahlukahluka, phakathi kwazo kukho i-aphid eluhlaza ezizizinambuzane ezondla kwi-sap kunye neziqu, ziyakwazi ukuhlasela iintyatyambo, imigibe yechromatic etyheli ingasetyenziswa, kuba umbala utsala ingqalelo yabo kwaye apho bayabanjwa. Kukwakho nezilwanyana zesigcawu ezibomvu, eziziinkwethu ezincinci ezitya iiseli zezityalo, ezi zingqinwa yintambo yentambo phakathi kwamagqabi, kodwa inokupheliswa lula ngezibulali zinambuzane.
ICaladium (Caladium X hortulanum)
ICaladiums zizityalo ezikhula rhoqo ezitshisayo ezinamahlamvu abonakalayo kwaye zinokukhuliswa ngaphakathi, kodwa zinokukhuliswa ngaphandle, nokuba zikuphi na ukuze zifumane ubuncinci beeyure ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-4 zokukhanya okuhluziweyo suku ngalunye. Zinamagqabi amakhulu, nabhityileyo afana neentolo neentliziyo, zinemibala eyahlukahlukeneyo emangalisayo nenemibala emfusa, ebomvu, epinki nekhrim enamachokoza, anemigca nemigca. Banokukunika ngokulula impembelelo ebonakalayo yeentyatyambo ngelixa zizityalo zamagqabi nje.
Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba esi sityalo sineengcambu ze-tuberous kwaye amahlamvu aso akhula ukusuka entwasahlobo ukuya ekwindla. Zikwafuna ukufuma okuphezulu kakhulu, azinyamezeli ingqele, kwaye ziyityhefu kwizilwanyana nakubantu. Zikwazizityalo zamaxesha onyaka nakwimimandla etshisayo, apho abalimi bezitiya bazityala entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni ukuze zikhule kakuhle kubushushu nakumanzi. Xa zikhulele ngaphakathi, zisebenza kakuhle kubushushu obuphezulu, ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo kodwa okungathanga ngqo, kunye nokufuma okuphezulu. Nakwezona meko zintle, amagqabi ahlala kwiinyanga nje ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba aphinde afe kwaye isityalo siphinde silale, xa oku kusenzeka ungafaka ingxowa ye-tubers kwaye uyityale kwakhona kunyaka ozayo.
Ngelixa ezi zityalo zinde, ezinamahlamvu amfusa zikhuliswa ngenxa yamagqabi azo, zikwavelisa iintyatyambo, eziqala njenge-spathes okanye izikhonkwane, eziye zisuswe ngokukhawuleza xa zivela njengomlinganiselo wokuqinisekisa ukuba onke amandla esityalo ayakhululwa. gxila ekuphuhliseni amagqabi ayo angaqhelekanga. Kwakhona, khumbula ukuba xa amagqabi eyancipha, ilanga linokuthatha ilanga, kwaye ukuwakhulisa ngaphandle kwizikhongozelo kukunika ukulawula ngakumbi kwiimeko zokukhanya. Tyala i-caladium kumxube ocebileyo, okhupha kakuhle, njengomxube omanzi womhlaba kunye ne-peat moss.
Umhlaba wegadi nawo kufuneka utyebe kwaye utsalwe kakuhle, kunye ne-pH efanelekileyo encinci ye-5,5 ukuya kwi-6,2. Xa amagqabi ebonakala kwisityalo, nkcenkceshela njengoko kufuneka ukugcina umhlaba ufumile ngokulinganayo kwaye uthintele isityalo ukuba singomi. Kwimeko apho amagqabi aqala ukubuna, kuya kufuneka ukuba uyeke ukunkcenkceshela isityalo kwaye uqalise kwakhona xa amagqabi evela kwakhona kwixesha elilandelayo. Emva koko, kucetyiswa ukuba uchumise isityalo ngeveki ngexesha lokukhula, nokuba yi-liquid okanye i-granules ekhupha ngokukhawuleza.
Ukufudumala kweqondo lokushisa, kungcono kwizityalo zangaphakathi, kucetyiswa ukuba kube ngama-21 degrees Celsius, kuba kule nqanaba iibhubhu ziqala ukukhula. Kwakhona, ukufuma kufuneka kugcinwe phezulu kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Xa utyala ngaphandle, unokutshintshela iibhubhu kwiimbiza okanye uzidlulisele kwiimbiza ze-peat ekupheleni komhla wokugqibela weqabaka. Izityalo ezikhuliswe ngolu hlobo kufuneka ziqalwe ngaphakathi kwiiveki ezine ukuya kwezintandathu phambi kokutshintshwa.
Ngaloo ndlela, ii-tubers ezikhulileyo zinokwahlulwa, kuqinisekiswe ukuba icandelo elitsha leebhubhu ubuncinane linendawo enye yokukhula. Ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle, ezi zityalo zimfusa zinexesha elide, zinamahlamvu ehlotyeni kunye nexesha lokungalali ekwindla okanye ebusika. Ixesha labo lokulala alimiselwa bubushushu okanye umjikelo wokukhanya, kodwa lixesha elingakanani isityalo sikhula. Emva kokuba amaqabunga eqala ukufa emva kwekwindla, gcina iibhubhu kwibhodwe elifanayo okanye ususe, ucoce, kwaye ubeke kwi-sawdust okanye isanti yokugcina. Zigcine ngaphezu kwe-12 degrees celsius ukunciphisa ilahleko yeesampulu zesandi. Zityale kwakhona xa kuqalisa ixesha lokukhula elilandelayo.
Coleus (Coleus blumei)
Emva koko, sibonisa lonke ulwazi olufanelekileyo malunga nesinye sezityalo ezide ezimfusa, ezibonakaliswe ngamagqabi amaninzi kwaye zibonelela ngombala ngexesha lonke lonyaka elangeni eligcweleyo kunye nomthunzi kwaye zisona sityalo esilungileyo sokugcinwa kwesondlo. IColeus sisityalo esithambileyo esikhula ngokugqibeleleyo ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwaye sinokufikelela kwimitha ukuphakama. Ngenxa yombala omfusa, omthubi, oluhlaza kunye nobomvu, zithandwa kakhulu kwigadi kunye nendalo yokuhlobisa ngenxa yobume obugobileyo kunye nobude bamagqabi.
Esi sityalo sikhule iminyaka emininzi kwaye igama laso elisetyenziswa ziingcaphephe kuphononongo lwaso linikezelwe amatyeli aliqela. Uninzi lwemithombo ngoku ibhala ezi zityalo njengePlectranthus scuttellariodes, kodwa zaziwa ngaphambili njengeSolenostemon scutellarioides kunye neColeus blumei. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kukho esinye isiphakamiso samva nje sokwabela iqela kwi-Coleus scutellarioides. Ke ngoko, unokubona esi sityalo sibhalwe kurhwebo nangaliphi na kula magama esiLatini.
Izityalo ze-Coleus azikwazi ukunyamezela iqabaka, ke linda de amaqondo obushushu ahlale ngokuthembekileyo ngaphezulu kwe-16 degrees Fahrenheit ngaphambi kokuba uwase egadini. Baya kwenza ngcono kumhlaba otyebileyo, okhululekileyo, ngoko ke balungise nge-compost okanye i-peat moss ngaphambi kokutyala, ngaphandle kokuba unomhlaba omhle kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunokuthiwa kwiindawo ezishushu nezomileyo, zonke iintlobo ziya kufuna umthunzi othile, ngakumbi emva kwemini. Kwiindawo ezipholileyo, zexesha elifutshane, i-coleus yomthunzi iya kufuna ukukhanya kwelanga ngakumbi ukukunceda ukufudumala.
Ikhetha umhlaba otyebileyo, otyebileyo nofumileyo. Phambi kokutyala, lungisa umhlaba ngomgquba okanye ezinye izinto eziphilayo. Kwizityalo ezifakwe kwiimbiza, nawuphi na umgangatho olungileyo womxube we-peat-based potting uya kusebenza kakuhle. Izityalo zeColeus zikhula kakuhle kumhlaba ohlala ufumile, nangona ungekho soggy. Umhlaba akufuneki uhlale umanzi ngalo lonke ixesha, kodwa ukomisa ixesha elide kuya kucothisa ukukhula kwezityalo kwaye amagqabi aqale ukujika abemdaka emacaleni.
I-mulch iya kunceda umhlaba ugcine umswakama ixesha elide, kodwa ungasebenzisi i-mulch yemisedare, enokuba yingozi kwi-coleus. Kwakhona, musa ukuvumela i-mulch ichukumise iziqu, njengoko inokukhuthaza ukubola kunye nokufihla i-slugs. Esi sityalo sifakwe kwisikhongozeli singafuna ukunkcenkceshelwa kabini ngemini ngexesha elishushu. Ukuba unomhlaba otyebileyo, akunakufuna ukondla izityalo ze-coleus kwaphela. Ukuba unomhlaba ombi, sebenzisa isichumiso esilungelelanisiweyo esixutywe ngesiqingatha samandla enyanga. Uza kufumana umbala obalaseleyo kumagqabi akho e-coleus ukuba usebenzisa isichumisi ngononophelo.
Ukufumana izityalo ezizeleyo, eziluhlaza, cinezela amacebiso akhulayo xa izityalo zimalunga ne-intshi ezi-15 ubude. Unokwenza oku amaxesha ambalwa ukuba uyathanda, kodwa emva kokuba izityalo ziqala ukuthumela iintyatyambo zeentyatyambo, uya kukwazi ukucofa ezi ziqu kwaye ufumane iziphumo ezifanayo njengoko ucofa iingcebiso. Ukongeza, kulungile ukwazi ukuba zinokusasazwa ngokulula ngokuthatha iziqwenga zokusikwa kunye nokuzicothula. Sika i-tip ye-10 ukuya kwi-15-intshi yesiqu, uze ususe onke amagqabi ukusuka kwisiqingatha esisezantsi sokusikwa.
Dipha isiphelo sesiqu kwikhompawundi yeengcambu, emva koko uyityale kumxube wembiza efumileyo ukuze umhlaba ugqume amaqhuqhuva agqamileyo. Beka isitya kwingxowa yeplastiki, uqinisekise ukuba ayichukumisi i-cut. Beka ukusika okugqunyiweyo kwindawo eqaqambileyo, efudumeleyo de iingcambu ezintsha zikhule, oku kuthatha iiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu. Susa iplastiki kwaye uqhubeke ukhulisa isityalo esitsha kwindawo eqaqambileyo, efudumeleyo. Iintlobo zanamhlanje ze-coleus ezithengiswa ezivenkileni zi-hybrids ezihlala zikhula ngokusika kwiimbiza ezithengiswa kwi-nursery, kodwa usenokufumana imbewu yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo.
Ukuba uza kukhulisa ezi ntlobo zezityalo ezimfusa zamagqabi amade kwigadi yangaphandle, qalisa imbewu ngaphakathi kwiiveki ezisi-8 ukuya kwezili-10 ngaphambi komhla wokugqibela weqabaka. Gcenkceshela kancinci imbewu encinci phezu kwetreyi ezaliswe ngumxube wembiza, uze uyigqume kancinci ngomhlaba. Gquma itreyi ngeplastiki kwaye uyibeke kwindawo eqaqambileyo, efudumeleyo de izithole zihlume, ezithatha malunga neeveki ezimbini. Susa iplastiki kwaye uqhubeke ukhulisa izithole ngelixa ugcina umhlaba ufumile, ukwenzela ukuba kamva uhlwayelwe.
Iicoleus azichatshazelwa sisifo ngaphandle kokuba imozulu ipholile kwaye ifume. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, lindela ukubona iimpawu zezifo zokungunda ezifana nokungunda. Ukuba ukhulisa izityalo zakho ezimfusa ixesha elide ngaphakathi, jonga isikali, iimpukane ezimhlophe, ngakumbi i-mealybugs. Okokugqibela, iqhele ukusetyenziswa njengesityalo sokulala sonyaka okanye kwiigadi zangaphandle kunye neebhaskithi, nakwiindawo ezifudumeleyo i-coleus inokukhuliswa njengezityalo ezihlala egadini, apho inokukhula ifane nezihlahlana ezincinci ezineziqu ezishinyeneyo. .
Amagqabi amfusa kwezinye izityalo ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezondlo
Ezinye iingcaphephe zalatha ukuba amagqabi e-purplish akhoyo amanye amasimi ombona kungenxa yomhlaba owomileyo, amaqondo obushushu aphantsi kunye nokungonelanga kwamanqanaba e-phosphorus emhlabeni ngexesha lokukhula kwawo. Ukwazi ukuba lo mbala ugqitywe yi-pigment eyenzeka xa kukho iswekile eninzi emagqabini kunokuba izityalo zingasebenzisa, ngoko ukuxinwa okuphantsi kwesondlo sereferensi kwenza kube nzima ukuba iiswekile ziphume emagqabini. Ukongezelela, kunokubangelwa ngenxa yokuba kumhlaba owomileyo kunye obandayo iingcambu ziyeka ukukhula kwaye ukuhanjiswa kwe-carbohydrates kwi-root system kuyeka, ngoko zombini iimeko zenza ukuba amaqabunga athathe umbala omfusa.
Ngaloo ndlela, ukunyamekela okufuneka kunikwe umhlaba kunomdla omkhulu, ekubeni ngexesha lokutyala, ukuba awuphathwanga kakuhle, unokubumbana kwaye udibanise ukukhula kweengcambu. Kwaye ukuba kukho ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithiseleyo, le nkqubo iya kufuneka iguqulwe ukuze ibuyiselwe kuhlaza oluqhelekileyo, ukuvumela umhlaba omanzi kakhulu ukuba uqale ukoma. Kodwa ukuba luhlobo lwemfuza oluvelisa umbala omfusa ngokwendalo, isivuno sesityalo asiyi kuchaphazeleka.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunokuchazwa ukuba ezinye iindawo zezityalo zinokubonisa ukubola kombala oluhlaza wamagqabi abo ngenxa yezinto ezahlukeneyo ezifana nomhlaba ombi, ukukhupha amanzi, umonakalo wezinambuzane kunye nezifo, okanye ngenxa yezondlo ezifana ne-magnesium, calcium, potassium.. , kunye nokungabikho kwenitrogen, phakathi kwezinye, apho izityalo zisabela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, zibonisa amabala amfusa kumagqabi azo. Iingxaki zamahlamvu zolu hlobo zixhaphakile kwaye zinokubangela ukulibaziseka ukukhula kunye nomboniso.
Ukuba uthanda eli nqaku malunga neZityalo eziMde eziMvubu eziMfusa, siyakumema ukuba ufunde amanye amanqaku aqulethe izihloko ezinomdla kwezi zikhonkco zilandelayo: