Eli nqaku libonisa yonke into ofuna ukuyazi malunga ne ilifu lemagellanic, qhubeka ufunda ukuze wazi eyona miba ibalulekileyo yalo mnyele umangalisayo. Ngezantsi siza kukubonisa ezona mpawu zibalaseleyo, ubume becosmic, imorphology nokunye okuninzi.
Yintoni ilifu leMagellic?
Ilifu leMagellanic, okanye ekwaziwa ngokuba yiMagellan nebula, ngumnyele oneempawu ezingaqhelekanga, oku kubhekiselele kwinto yokuba ubizwa ngokuba ngumnyele omncinane, ngokungafaniyo neminye iminyele ekhoyo kwisithuba sendalo iphela, incinane kakhulu. kwanowethu, ngenxa yesi sizathu ibonwa njengomnyele omncinane.
Historia
UJohn Herschel, ugqalwa ngokuba ngumntu wokuqala kwimbali yelifu leMagellan, owathi wajonga ngononophelo lo mnyele ungaqhelekanga ukude kwi-163.000 yeminyaka yokukhanya, waze waphawulwa ngokuba kwindawo yenombolo yesithathu yeminyele esondela kwindlela yobisi. .
Ilifu elixeliweyo elikwindawo ekufutshane kunye kufutshane ne-milky way, lalingaziwa kumaxesha amandulo kuba lalingabonakali ngokupheleleyo ngaphambi kwalo naliphi na ixesha okanye umbono. Inyani eyagcina ingaziwa, kodwa ubukho bayo ekugqibeleni butyhilwa kwiminyaka kunye nokuphunyezwa kobuchwepheshe obutsha.
Kumazantsi eArabhi, ilifu labonakala. Ukuqhubela phambili izifundo malunga nokubonakala kwayo, iimpawu kunye ne-morphology, kukhankanywa ubukho bayo kuxwebhu olubhalwe yisazi seenkwenkwezi esigama lingu-Abd Al-Rahman Al Sifien. Ngubani owenza ingxelo yokuqala yenqanaba lesazi ngeenkwenkwezi ethetha ngayo kumaxwebhu akhe.
Kwelinye icala, kwilizwekazi laseYurophu, uFernando de Magallanes nguye owazinika ubunewunewu bokuwuqwalasela ngexesha lokuthabatha uhambo olwalunendlela ekhethekileyo, olusingise kwiindawo ezingqonge umhlaba. Ngayo wakwazi ukubona kunye nokufumanisa okokuqala okukhulu ilifu lemagellanic. Ukuze kamva inikwe igama lohlobo olusemthethweni, kodwa okwangoku, ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-nebula encinci.
Ixesha emva kokuba igama linikwe kumnyele, ubizwa kwaye udweliswe njengelifu leMagellan ngembeko yowokuqala owabhenca wachaza ubukho bomnyele ungaqhelekanga. I-Milky Way, njengayo yonke iminyele, inesakhiwo esikhulu, ukuba sisondela kwi-galaxy efana ne-Milky Way ukusuka kude, into yokuqala esiya kuhlangana nayo iya kuba yiminyele encinci ye-suburban, izinto ezifana nelifu le-Magellan, ngoko njengoko thina sisondele kumnyele, siya kufumana usasazo olungqukuva lwamaqela eenkwenkwezi.
Nganye inekhulu lamawaka ukuya kwisigidi seenkwenkwezi. Njengoko bekuya kulindeleka kulo lonke ucwangciso lohlelo, eminye iminyele ayisiwonga okanye ayi-elliptical, kodwa iyadityaniswa, kubandakanya neminyele emincinane njengelifu leMagellan.
Ilifu leMagellan laliyindaba yehlabathi lonke, ngenxa yokudubula kwe-supernova ebizwa ngokuba yi-1987A eyaqhuma ngoFebruwari 1987 kwilifu leMagellan elaphononongwa ngokunzulu zizazi ngeenkwenkwezi ukuba zithathele ingqalelo indlela yenkwenkwezi, ifunda ukusabela okunokwenzeka kunye neziphumo. ezaziza kuphuhliswa ngalo mzuzu we-epicenter.
La ilifu lemagellanic Yayigqalwa njengowona mnyele ukufutshane neMilky Way, isibakala esathi kamva sahlolisiswa nzulu, de kwafunyaniswa ngowe-1994 umnyele omncinane olinganayo oneempawu ezingqukuva, owabizwa ngokuba ngumnyele weSagittarius. Kuthe kamva ngonyaka ka-2003 kwafunyanwa umnyele omtsha onegama elithi Can Mayor.
Ke ngoko ilifu lemagellanic yafuduselwa kwindawo yesithathu kuluhlu lweminyele ekufutshane neMilky Way, kuthathelwa ingqalelo into yokuba yayigqalwa njengeyona ikhawulezayo ngokwendawo yayo, koko ekugqibeleni kujongwa namhlanje ukuba ngomnye weminyele eyaziwayo, kunye neminyele evunyiweyo. Umnyele weAndromeda, kunye neSagittarius elliptical.
Iimpawu zeMagelnic Cloud
Olona phawu luphambili lwe ilifu lemagellanic, ilele kwisakhiwo sawo esipheleleyo esichazwa njengomnyele omncinane, okuthetha ukuba lo, njengabanye abaninzi, uyawophula ukungunda, njengoko ungenazo iimpawu ezimile okwe-elliptical or spiral. I-morphology yayo ithetha ukuba izazinzulu ziyifake kuluhlu lwaloo minyele inemilo engaqhelekanga ngendlela engaqhelekanga.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba asiyiyo yonke iminyele ekhoyo kwindalo iphela enemilo eqhelekileyo efana ne-elliptical. Nangona iminyele emininzi inemizobo engqukuva, eminye edla ngokubizwa ngokuba zii-dwarfs idla ngokuqulatha iimilo ezithile ezithi ngoko nangoko ziyiphawule njengeminyele engaqhelekanga.
Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, i-elliptical galaxy ye-Sagittarius yafunyanwa emva kwexesha, into eyakhokelela ukuba izazinzulu zifunde indawo ekuyo kwindawo engaphandle apho ihlala khona. Iziphumo zazimangalisa, ukufumanisa ukuba oku kunye ne ilifu lemagellanic Zidibene kwaye zihlobene.
Kumgama omalunga nama-75 amawaka eminyaka yokukhanya, i-Sagittarius galaxy kunye ne- ilifu lemagellanic zikulo mgama ziqelelene. Ukugqwethwa okwenzeka ngamandla asetyenziswa ngumsinga ngokudibana neMilky Way kubangela ukugqwetheka okuchaphazela iziphumo ezithile ezibangela ukuba iminyele idibane ngemisinga ethile.
Le misinga yenziwe nge-hydrogen engathathi hlangothi, ebangela ukuba zombini iminyele iphuhlise isiphumo sokusebenzisana esenza ngokubanzi iimeko ezithile eziphela zonakalisa iimpawu zangaphandle ezihambelana nediski yazo ye-galactic.
Zombini ezi ilifu lemagellanic, njengomnyele weSaturn, uneempawu ze-morphological ezenza zibe zizodwa kwaye zingaqhelekanga kakhulu, malunga nobuninzi, kunye nesakhiwo abanaso, kutyhilwa ukuba phambi kwezi zimbini zeziqendu, kunye nesakhiwo, kukho imiba emibini eyahlulayo. ukusuka kwimiboniso iMilky Way.
Las Iimpawu zeminyele Njengoko ezi zinamazinga aphezulu erhasi, imveliso ukuba ngoko nangoko umahluko kubo kumnyele wethu, ukongeza, njengenkalo ukugqamisa, abanalo ilifa metal. Omnye umba omele ugxininiswe kukuba zenziwe nge-nebulae, kunye nokuba ne-congruence yeenkwenkwezi ezincinci.
Las Iimpawu zesayensi ukuvumela ukuba ngenzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi, uphando luthathe ikhondo elitsha, elibonisa ukuba ilifu leMagellan ngokweengcali lalinokuba livela ngokungqubana okanye isivuthelo, esakhupha umnyele weAndromeda, (oyena mmelwane wethu usondeleyo) kunye nomnye umnyele, owabangela ukudutyulwa kobutyobo. namasuntswana, awathi kamva aphelela kumnyele wethu.
Okokugqibela, ukufunyanwa kwalo mnyele ungaqhelekanga kumela uluntu lwenzululwazi inkqubela enkulu ngokuphathelele ulwazi negalelo inzululwazi ngenzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi elinike umntu ngenxa yokukhangela rhoqo angayeki ukuyivelisa.
Nangona besisazi malunga nobukho beminyele ngaphezu kwesiqingatha senkulungwane, asikakwazi ukuchaza isizathu sokuba ikho. Noko ke, ubukho bayo kwindalo iphela bushiya okuninzi okuthethwayo, nezinto ezingapheliyo ezisemajukujukwini ekufuneka zifundwe.
Isiseko solwazi lomntu siya kuhlala sihambela phambili ngakumbi, yaye nangona de kube leli xesha lexesha lanamhlanje, ezinye izazinzulu ziye zenza igalelo elikhulu elalibaluleke kakhulu ekuxhaseni ulwazi oluye lwabakho kulwakhiwo lwendalo iphela, nangona kunjalo. ayizukwanela.. Kukho amawaka ezinto i-astronomy engekakwazi ukuyiqinisekisa.
