Xa kufikwa kwilahleko kunye nokonakala kwezityalo, akukho mathandabuzo okuba unobangela neyona nto ifunwa kakhulu ukuyitshabalalisa. mulch bhabha. Oku, nangona ekuqaleni kubonakala kungenabungozi, kukwazi ukwenza buthathaka isityalo, ukuya kwinqanaba lokulahlekelwa inxalenye yaso. Fumana apha indlela yokuyiphelisa.
I-mulch iyabhabha
Ngokunjalo, ezichongiweyo namagama "sciarid fly", "bumanzi fly", "black fly" "substrate fly", yi dipteran enamaphiko okanye ngokulula "bhabha". Kukwiqela leentsapho "Mycetophilidae kunye neScaridae". Kubonakala ngathi sisinambuzane esincinane, esinokubhidaniswa neengcongconi.
Ngokuqhelekileyo iboniswa ngokusondeleyo kwizinto ezahlukeneyo Iindidi zomhlaba okanye ukusuka kwi-substrate, ke kulapho ezinye zeefowuni zabo zivela khona. Iyakwazi ukwenza umonakalo omkhulu kwizityalo okanye kwizityalo, ingazimiseli ekuzimiseni kwayo nakwiimbiza. Ukugxininisa ukuba kwisigaba okanye isigaba sombungu, apho ezi ziphazamiso okanye utshintsho olubi luvela ngokwenene.
Oku kwenzeka, kuba ukondla kuthatha isichumisi esiphilayo, ukusuka kwingcambu, ukusuka kwisiqu, amaqabunga, umquba, iinwele zeengcambu. Ngelixa, ngeenxa zonke, ithatha kwizinto ezibolayo, kwifungi, ukungunda, ngokwayo, ukutya kwayo yinto yonke.
Ngexesha lobudala babo abaqhelekanga ukusuka kwindawo engqongileyo, kwaye azibonisi umonakalo kwizityalo, kuba azihlaseli, zicaphukisa abantu kuphela. Ukuqwalasela ukuba banokusondela kumakhaya okanye nayiphi na indawo, kuba ukukhanya abanokukubona kuvelisa umdla owaziwayo.
Kubalulekile ukukhankanya ukuba xa i mulch bhabha uyayicebisa, unobuchule bokuhlala kwiindawo ezininzi ngaxeshanye. Umjikelo wobomi bawo unxulunyaniswa ngokusondeleyo nokufuma, ngoko xa isityalo siselula, siba nesona siganeko siphezulu. Ikhono layo lokuzala lilula kwaye likhawuleza, kuba oku kufuna kuphela indawo yokufudumala okupheleleyo kunye nomswakama. Imeko eyenza, enokuthi ibe khona kwiinyanga ezilishumi elinesibini zonyaka, kuxhomekeke kwindawo kunye neempawu zemozulu.
moss fly umjikelo wobomi
Ezi ziphuhlisa ngezigaba ezine, emva kokukhwelana, ezinokuhlala imizuzu elishumi, apho i mulch bhabha Imazi ngexesha ngalinye, inokubeka amaqanda amalunga namashumi amahlanu, efikelela kumakhulu amathathu, ibe ke lawo achazwe ngezantsi:
- Egg: Kuthatha iintsuku ezine ukuya kwezintandathu ukuqandusela.
- umbungu: Ixesha laso libandakanya phakathi kweentsuku ezisixhenxe ukuya kweshumi, apho zitya into ebizwa ngokuba yinto ephilayo yesityalo, njengengcambu kunye nesiqu. Kwelinye icala, ngeli xesha, ihamile ibhabha idla ngokugqobhoza ingcambu nesiqu ngokwaso, nto leyo eyenza umonakalo omkhulu.
Ukutya kwakhona kwi-organic matter ekwimeko yokubola kunye nesikhunta esinokuthi sibe khona, ngaphandle kokushiya i-fungi enokwenzeka ukuba ayisoloko ingekho. Umbala wabo umhlophe kwaye ufana nombungu, ngoko ke bande kwaye abanamilenze. Kwesi sigaba zondla ngokugqithisileyo kuba yeyona nto ibanceda ukuba bakhule kwaye imilinganiselo yabo itshintsha ngokukhawuleza.
- Pupa: Esi simo sihlala sithatha ubuninzi beentsuku ezintlanu kwaye kuxa umbungu ugqunywe nge-capsule emdaka okanye ebomvu. Ngezi ntsuku ayondli kwaye ayishukumi, kuba i-metamorphosis iyenzeka, eyona ndlela yokudlulela ebuntwini obukhulu.
Kule milenze kunye namaphiko aphuhliswayo, kunye nentloko, i-thorax kunye nesisu. Xa iintsuku ziphelile, i-hammer fly inokushiya ikhava ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
- Ubudala: Eli nqanaba lithatha phakathi kweentsuku ezisixhenxe ukuya kwezilishumi, apho kukhwelana nokufa.
Hammer fly ubomi obude
Umjikelo wobomi besi silwanyana usibeka phakathi kwezilishumi ezinenqanaba elincitshiswe ngokupheleleyo elipheleleyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba bhabha isando, ekubeni ikwinqanaba leqanda, ekuqaleni kwesigaba, de kube sekupheleni kobudala, ithatha kancinci malunga nenyanga.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuguquguquka kwenani leentsuku kuxhomekeke ngaphakathi kwimozulu kwindawo yesityalo apho ukuphuhliswa kwesi sinambuzane kufumaneka khona. Ngenxa yokuba izinto ozifunayo ukuphumeza inkqubo zezi:
- ubushushu begumbi elifudumeleyo
- Ukukhanya okanye iziganeko zemitha yeLanga
- Ukufuma
- Indawo efanelekileyo yokubeka okanye ukubeka amaqanda, apho umbungu unokutya okukhula
Xa sele emdala, ngaba utshata izihlandlo ezininzi?
Xa bhabha mulch Imazi ishiya i-capsule emva kwe-metamorphosis yayo, ekubeni ikhulile, iyakwazi ukukhwelana kaninzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Yiyo loo nto, ngeli nqanaba lokugqibela lobomi bayo, iyakwazi ukuthwala ukuya kuthi ga kumakhulu amathathu amaqanda, ikwazi ukubeka malunga namashumi amahlanu kwindawo nganye yokubeka.
Ngaba isityalo sinokuxhasa ngaphezu kwenqanaba elinye lobomi behamile libhabha?
Kuso nasiphi na isityalo, nokuba sivuniwe okanye siqhele ukulinywa kwaye sihombise, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ngaphezu kwesinye isigaba somjikelo wobomi besityalo senzeka okanye siphuhla. bhabha isando. Oku kwenza kube nokwenzeka, elona xesha lifutshane licacileyo lenzeka phakathi komjikelo omnye nomnye. Kwenzeka, ukuze kubekho amaqanda omabini, njengeembungu, iipupa kunye nabantu abadala kwindawo ekulungele ukufaka idiphozithi, kwisityalo esifanayo.
Kungenxa yoko le nto, ukubatshabalalisa, emva kokuchongwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubajongwa ngonyango oluphindaphindiweyo okanye rhoqo. Ngoko ke, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kuqinisekiswe kakuhle ukuba kuye kwenzeka ukuba kupheliswe kwindawo ephethwe yile meko. Ukukhumbula ukuba kwezi elona xesha lifanelekileyo lokuzinza, kuxa i Ukufuma ikhona kwimo engqongileyo.
Iimpawu zempukane ye-mulch
Iimpawu zayo zezi zilandelayo:
- Yeyosapho lweMycetophilidae (impukane encinane okanye ingcongconi) kunye neScaridae (impukane ehlala kwindawo efumileyo).
- Umjikelo wobomi bayo ushwankathelwa kwizigaba zeqanda, umbungu, i-pupa kunye nokuba ngumntu omdala, ovela kubomi obude obunqamlekileyo obungadluli kwinyanga enye.
- Ubungakanani abadala obuphuhlayo mulch bhabha, ngokuqhelekileyo ayidluli iimilimitha ezine, nangona kunjalo, ngendlela eyodwa okanye engaqhelekanga, inokufumaneka ukuya kwiimilimitha ezintandathu.
- Umbala okwimo yombungu, njengombungu, wolulwe, unentloko emnyama kwaye enye imhlophe, inomlinganiselo omalunga neemilimitha ezintandathu. Xa isenza i-metamorphosis njenge-pupa, igqunywe ngumdaka obomvu ukuya kwe-capsule. Ngelixa, xa ikhulile kwaye inikwe intloko, isifuba kunye nesisu, kunye nemilenze kunye namaphiko ayo, imdaka okanye ingwevu emnyama.
- I-mulch ibhabha ngexesha layo lokugqibela lobomi itsalwa ekukhanyeni, sisizathu esiyikhuthaza ukuba ityelele abantu kwindawo abahlala kuyo.
- Indawo yayo efanelekileyo yenziwe nguwo apho umswakama oxabisekileyo ufunyanwa khona, kokusingqongileyo nakwi-substrate. Oku kuyenza izinze ekutyeni okukhulu okanye kwizityalo zokuhombisa, ingahloniphi neegadi okanye iimbiza.
- Iyakwazi ukuba buthathaka, ibune kwaye ide ibangele ukufa kwisityalo, kuba imibungu yayo idla ngokuhlasela isuka ezingcanjini.
- Ibangela umonakalo kwisityalo kuphela xa ikwimeko yombungu, ngoko ke njengomntu omdala, ibeka umda ekuveliseni nasekukhathazeni abantu, ingabangeli ukuphazamiseka ngokuthe ngqo.
Umonakalo othe ngqo kunye nongathanga ngqo obangelwa yimpukane yomhlaba ongaphezulu
Esi sibetho sezityalo sibangela iimeko ezahlukeneyo kwizityalo, apho ezo zichazwe njengezithe ngqo zibangela ukuba zivele ngaphakathi. Phakathi kwezi kukho isehlo sokuba umbungu wempukane ye-mulch usiya ngasengcanjini xa usitya. Ngokufanayo, kukho impembelelo yayo kwisiqu kunye namagqabi, apho into yokuqala kukuba ithintela into ebizwa ngokuba yi "rhizosphere", okuyisenzo kunye nesiphumo phakathi kwengcambu yesityalo kunye ne-substrate.
Esi siphumo yinto eyenza ukuba iingcambu zesityalo zithathe izondlo eziyimfuneko kunye namanzi kwi-substrate ukuze zizigcine kwaye zifezekise ukuphuhliswa kwazo. Ukuba ke isizathu sokuba isityalo sibonisa ukuwohloka kunye nobuthathaka obuqhubekayo. Oku ngaphandle kokushiya ecaleni into yokuba umbungu uyakwazi ukutya ngqo kwisiqu kwaye ude usigqobhoze.
Xa le mingxuma idalwe, isityalo sinokuchaphazeleka zizifo ikakhulu kuba siququzelela ukungeniswa komngundo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba xa inkqubo yeengcambu okanye isethi yeengcambu enokuthi isityalo sichaphazeleke, amathuba okufa asondele. Oku kungenxa yokuba inobunzima bokuthatha amanzi kunye nezondlo ezifumaneka kwi-substrate.
Kwelinye icala, umonakalo ongathanga ngqo abo ukuba umbungu efanayo mulch bhabha ivelisa kwindawo ekufuphi nesityalo, njengoko injalo:
- Khuthaza ukusasazwa kweemites (izigcawu ezincinci).
- Ukuququzelela ukuveliswa kwee-nematodes okanye iiparasite ezizihlasela rhoqo.
- Vumela iintsholongwane ukuba zizenzele ngokwazo.
- Ukuthanda i-fungi eqhelekileyo, exutywe kwi-substrate kunye namanzi, ukuze isebenze ngamandla amakhulu, ilimaza iingcambu zayo.
Indlela yokuthintela nokubala ukufika kwempukane ye-mulch?
Ngokukodwa, kufuneka ukuba umswakama we-substrate ulawulwe, kuba le yeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokuveliswa kwayo. Ukuqwalasela ukuba i-mulch iyandiza zijinga kufutshane nezityalo okanye izityalo, kuyafuneka ukuba zijongwe ukuze zazi ukuba bangakanani na abantu abakhoyo kuloo ndawo. Enye indlela yokuqikelela isixa kukubeka okubizwa ngokuba ngamakhadi omthubi ancamathelayo.
Ezi kufuneka zisasazwe kwi-substrate, kufuphi kakhulu nezityalo ezibonakala zichaphazela. Ngale ndlela, emva kokufumana abantu abadala abancanyathiselwe kwikhadi, unombono wokuba imeko yokuhlaselwa iyingozi kangakanani. Enye indlela kukusasaza iziqwenga zetapile ezitsala imibungu, apho kunokwenzeka ukuba ube nomfanekiso ngqondweni wabantu abanokubakho. Ukuthatha inyathelo elilandelayo, elikukutshatyalaliswa nokuba kungendlela yasekhaya ukuba ayinzima, okanye ngokusebenzisa ii-agent zemichiza ukuba kuyafaneleka.
Uyisusa njani impukane kufuma?
Iphulo lokutshatyalaliswa kwaba bantu iintlobo zezinambuzane, echaphazela izityalo, ilawulwa ngezi ndlela zintathu zilandelayo:
Yendalo
Xa iziganeko okanye ubukho be mulch bhabha Ayinamsebenzi, ungasebenzisa amakhadi ancangathi atyheli akhankanywe ngasentla, atsala abantu abadala kwaye angabavumeli ukuba baphume. Ngokufanayo, ukunciphisa ukufuma kwe-substrate kuthintela ubomi bombungu. Ukusetyenziswa kwe "vermiculite" phezu kwe-substrate ayivumeli abantu abadala ukuba babeke amaqanda abo, ngelixa "ioli ye-neem" efafazwe kumagqabi esityalo iyanciphisa abantu abadala ukuba basondele.
Ngolawulo lwebhayoloji
Yesinambuzane mulch bhabha, njengakwezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana, ezibizwa ngokuba yizilwanyana zendalo zidibeneyo. Ukuba nale nto koku kulandelayo:
- iimayile ze-hypoaspis: Yintwala etya imibungu kunye nentshontsho.
- Steinernema feltiae: Ngumbungu ohlasela zonke izitshabalalisi.
- atheta coriaria: isinambuzane esitya iimpukane zabantu abadala.
- ICoenosia attenuata: Impukane isinambuzane esondla isalamane saso esikhulileyo.
kunye neearhente zeekhemikhali
Sebenzisa ukufuma kweempukane isibulali zinambuzane, yinto egqithisileyo kwaye kuxa ulawulo lungenakwenzeka kwaye umonakalo kwizityalo udume kakubi. Eyona nto isetyenziswayo kwaye ithengiswe kwimarike yi "Cypermethrin 10%", enengcebiso yokusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo kwemiyalelo emiselwa ngumenzi. Ukugxininisa ukuba umntu oza kuyilawula kufuneka akhuseleke ngokwaneleyo kwaye akhuseleke ngokupheleleyo ukuphepha ukudibana nemveliso. Oku kungenxa yezinga lobutyhefu elilibonisayo ebantwini.
