Saraguato okanye Howler Monkey: iimpawu kunye nendawo yokuhlala kunye nokunye

ufunde ngayo yonke into howler okanye inkawu Saraguato, ukutya kwabo, indlela abanxibelelana ngayo, indlela abavelisa ngayo, ukugcinwa kwabo, ukuziphatha kunye nokunye okuninzi ongafuniyo ukuphoswa, funda eli nqaku elikhulu ukuya ekupheleni.

Alouata Palliata

Le nkawu ineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokubizwa, phakathi kwazo esinokukhankanya:

• enye inkawu
• ugcino olumnyama
• golden howler inkawu
• isaraguato emdaka
• howler inkawu
• I-Tumbes inkawu igcina
• howler inkawu

Kodwa ezi akuzona kuphela iindlela zokubizwa, kunokubakho iindlela ezingenakubalwa zokubhekisela kuzo, oku kuya kuxhomekeka kwindawo ekuyo kuyo, inkcubeko nganye ibiza ngendlela ethile. Oku kuphakathi kweentlobo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-platyrrhine primate ekusapho lwe-Atelidae.

Umzimba wayo uthathwa njengowomelele kwaye umkhulu, imilenze yawo kunye namalungu angaphantsi amade kakhulu.

Ubukhulu becala ezi nkawu zinobunzima obuqikelelwa kwiikhilogram ezintathu ezinamakhulu amathandathu eegram ezifikelela kubuninzi obubhalisiweyo obuziikhilo ezisixhenxe ezingamakhulu amathandathu.

Umsila wayo nawo mde kakhulu, kodwa ukongeza koku isebenza ukubamba nokubamba izinto ezahlukeneyo, iluncedo kakhulu xa ukhangela ukutya kwaye ufuna ukukutya.

Intloko yakhe inkulu, ebusweni akukho nwele kodwa imnyama okanye imnyama kancinci.

Iinwele ziyamenyezela kwaye zithambile, zinombala obomvu okanye omdaka, amanye amalungu ayo anamabala atyheli, kwiindawo ezifana nezandla okanye kwicala layo. Ubhontsi wakhe uyachasa umnwe wakhe wesalathisi, nto leyo ethetha ukuba kulula ukulawula izinto ezithile.

Sinokufumana le ntlobo evela eMexico, kwiindawo ezifana neChiaspas kunye neVeracruz, ukuya ePeru. Kwindawo yaseMexico, olu hlobo luye lwancipha ngokuthe ngcembe.

Ubukhulu becala bahlala kwiindawo ezinemithi, ezihlala zifume kakhulu, nangona kunjalo ukukhetha kwazo kukwimozulu yetropikhi.

Eminye imibutho iye yalichaza njengesilwanyana esisengozini yokuphela, imisela ukuba oku ngokuyintloko kungenxa yokuba indawo ehlala kuyo iye yatshintsha ngokuthe ngcembe, kukwangenxa yokuba inani elikhulu labantu lizinikele ekuzingeleni, yaye abanye abaninzi banembopheleleko yokurhweba ngenzala yabo. EMexico, ngaphakathi kweemarike ezimnyama, le ntlobo ifunwa kakhulu, ekubeni inyama yayo iyadliwa.

La maqela enza amaqela eenkawu ezingama-20 ubukhulu becala, ezihlala kunye amaxesha amaninzi, kwangale ngqiqo inye ibalaseliswa ukuba iinkunzi nemazi azihlali kwiqela elinye apho zizalelwe khona, kodwa zakuba zikhule ziye kwamanye amaqela.

Indawo yejografi kunye nendawo yokuhlala

Ngokwejografi, ungafumana iinkawu ezininzi zolu didi ukuya kwindawo esembindini weMelika, ukuya kumantla-ntshona woMzantsi Melika, njengoko uza kubona kweli candelo apho iimpawu kunye nendawo yokuhlala inkawu Saraguato. Oku kuyafana neentlobo ezininzi ze Iintaka.

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe kwicandelo elingaphambili, ezi ziyafumaneka eMexico, kodwa zikwafumaneka nasePanama, eCosta Rica, eHonduras, eGuatemala, eNicaragua, e-Ecuador, ePeru, naseKholombiya.

Le nkawu ubukhulu becala iyavelana neGuatemala black howler, efumaneka kakhulu eYucatan.

Kunokwenzeka ukuba ayihambelani namahlathi ahlukeneyo kunye angenelelayo, njengokungathi i-Alouatta inokuyenza, ngelixa iguqulela kancinane kumahlathi avaliweyo, i-floodplains kunye namahlathi egalari.

Olunye uhlobo evumelana nalo kakhulu lulo olubizwa ngokuba yi-A. Seniculus.

Xa bezikhangela kwintsimi yaseColombia, bafumaneka kumahlathi anesalathiso sokufuma okuphezulu, nakumathambeka eentaba nakwimithi evuthulukayo.

Xa sisiya kuMbindi Merika, oko kukuthi, iPanama, iHonduras, iGuatemala, iNicaragua, kukho iindidi ezininzi ngokwamahlathi, uninzi lwazo zinobude obuphantsi, ii<em>mangrove nazo zifumaneka, ezibizwa ngokuba ngamahlathi angenelelayo, lawo apho ahlala khona. ukungenelela kwabantu akukabonakali okanye kuchaphazeleke kakhulu, kwezo ndawo unokufumana olu hlobo.

Ukuchaneka okukhulu, ezi zihlala zenza ikhaya labo kwi-canopies ephakathi kunye nephezulu, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ezi zizama ukungahambi kuloo mahlathi apho izikhukhula zixhaphake kakhulu, kwaye azifumaneki rhoqo kwiindawo ezikufutshane nonxweme. Enye into enomdla kukuba banobuchule obukhulu emanzini.

Ukuba ukwilizwe elithile, ungayifumana kwezi ndawo zilandelayo ngaphakathi kwe  indawo yokuhlala iinkawu:

• EPeru: Kukho idatha yendawo yokuhlala ebhalisiweyo kuphela ePirura naseTumbes.
• IPanama: kule meko ungayifumana kuwo wonke ummandla welizwe.
• Ekhuwado: Nangona le nkawu ayidli ngokuhlala kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni, kwimeko ethile yeli lizwe, ungayifumana kumaphondo aselunxwemeni anjengala: El oro, Los Ríos, Esmeraldas, Manabí, Santa Elena and Guayas, kodwa hayi kwi iimangrove kodwa nzulu ehlathini.
• Mekhsikho: uya kuzifumana kumazwe amahlanu, iTabasco, i-Oaxaca, iCampeche (emazantsi), iVeracruz neChiapas.
• icosta RicaNjengakwimeko yasePanama, kweli lizwe unako ukulifumana kuyo yonke imimandla yalo.
• eHonduras naseNicaragua: Yonke indawo yayo yelizwe.
• Kholambiya: kumasebe afana neCórdoba, iSucre, iAntioquia, iBolívar, iChoco, iNariño neCauca.

I-taxonomy kunye namagama aqhelekileyo

I-saraguato okanye i-Howler monkey yinxalenye yosapho lwe-Atelidae, phakathi kolu sapho kukho isigcawu, i-muruquí kunye neenkawu ezinoboya. Ukongeza koku bawela ngaphakathi kwe-Alouattinae, oku kuba yintsapho engaphantsi, kuba njalo kwiingcali zendawo.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kukho kuphela idatha ebhalisiweyo yeentlobo ezintathu, ezikwayimimandla njengoko kubonisiwe kolu luhlu lulandelayo:

1-. EPanama, eCosta Rica, eColombia, e-Ecuador nasePeru, iintlobo ze-Alouata Palliata aequatorialis zifunyenwe.

Mbini-. IHonduras, iNicaragua kunye neGuatemala, uhlobo lubizwa ngokuba yiAlouatta palliata palliata, olu hlobo lungafumaneka naseCosta Rica njengale ikhankanywe ngasentla.

3-. Okokugqibela, sinento ebizwa ngokuba yiMexican Alouata palliata, efumaneka eMexico naseGuatemala.

Kukho ababhali abamisela ukuba kukho ezinye ii-subspecies ezimbini, nangona kunjalo yithiyori engazange iphuhliswe ngokupheleleyo, enokutshintsha kwixesha elizayo ngokuqhubeka kwezifundo.

Xa ukufutshane nommandla weCaribbean, eColombia, le nkawu ibhekiswa kakhulu ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezinje: inkawu ye-saraguato, inkawu yezambo, i-black howler, i-coastal howler, i-wholer monkey kunye nabanye. kunxweme lwePasifiki eColombia.

• Emazantsi eColombia ibizwa ngokuba yi-mono chongo kunye ne-chongón.
• Ukongeza, kwezinye iindawo ezihlala abantu bomthonyama kuthiwa: Cuara, Kotudú, uu.
• Ngelixa e-Ecuador ibizwa ngokuba yi: Aullaj munu.

I-Anatomy kunye ne-physiology

Ngokwe-morphologically olu hlobo lufana kakhulu ne-Alouata, ekuphela kwento eyahlulayo ngumbala, kuba eyona nto iphambili ngumbala omnyama, njengoko kukhankanyiwe kwintshayelelo, banamabala okanye imigca ephuzi ngombala. , ngamanye amaxesha ezi zibekwe ezandleni zakho, kodwa zinokubonwa kwicala lakho okanye ngasemva.

• Kodwa ngaphezu kombala omnyama kule ntlobo enye i-brown okanye enye igrey ifunyenwe.
• Ukuba intloko ifaniswa nomzimba wesi silwanyana, eyokuqala inkulu kakhulu, oko kukuthi, kumzimba wayo ubukhulu bugqithise.
• Akukho nwele ebusweni bakhe, umbala wakhe, njengoboya bakhe, umnyama.

Umsila wayo uluncedo kakhulu, ubizwa ngokuba ngumsila we-prehensile, kuba usebenza ukubamba izinto, nokuba yilitye, intonga, ukutya kwayo, ukuxhoma emasebeni, phakathi kwabanye, yomelele kwaye inde, olu phawu. ngokukodwa ixhaphake kubo bonke abangamalungu entsapho ekhankanywe.

Ukongezelela, kufuphi nencam yomsila, inohlobo lwepadi, olungenalo iinwele, kodwa luyinyama, njengobuso bayo.

Enye ye iimpawu inkawu Saraguato Inomdla kakhulu kukuba i-dimorphic ngokwesondo, oko kukuthi, phakathi kwabasetyhini kunye namadoda kukho ukungafani okuphawulekayo kwimizimba yabo, umzekelo kwimeko yamadoda inkulu kuneemazi, yangaphambili inokulinganisa ukusuka kwiikhilogram ezintlanu kunye nesiqingatha ukuya phantse kwishumi. iikhilogram, ngelixa iimazi zifikelela kubunzima obuziikhilo ezingamakhulu asixhenxe.

• Omnye umahluko phakathi kwenkunzi nemazi ngokwemiqathango yoboya obusebusweni bazo, ekubeni ezo zangaphambili zinobuninzi kwaye zinde.
• Ukuba ujonga kwi-scrotum yeenkawu, amadoda anombala omhlophe.
• Ubukhulu nabo buyahluka, iimazi zifikelela kubuninzi beesentimitha ezingamakhulu amahlanu anamashumi amabini, ngelixa iinkunzi zifikelela malunga namakhulu amahlanu anamashumi amathandathu ananye eesentimitha.
• Ngokubhekiselele kumsila, kukho ukuhlukahluka, ekubeni loo nto yamadoda idla ngokuba mfutshane kuneyemazi, kwimeko yokugqibela ifikelela kwi-609 mm kunye ne-583mm yokuqala.
• Uphando luye lwenziwa malunga nobunzima, kule meko kukho umyinge olinganayo we-6,6 kilogram.
• Ngazo zonke ezi mpawu zikhankanyiweyo, ezahlula iinkawu eyindoda nemazi, uya kukwazi ukuchonga ngokukhawuleza nayiphi na kuzo, ubunzima ingqondo yabo kuphela grams ezingamashumi amahlanu anesihlanu.
• Ngokuphathelele ukutya kwayo, i-folivorous, inyani eya kuchazwa ngokucacileyo kula macandelo alandelayo.

Ukuziphatha kwenkawu ekhalayo

Ngaphakathi kokuziphatha kwenkawu ye-Howler kukutya kwayo, indlela eyakhiwe ngayo kwinqanaba lentlalontle, i-locomotion, indlela yokunxibelelana noontanga kunye nezinye izilwanyana kunye nendlela ezivelisa ngayo, konke oku kuya kuchazwa ngamacandelo, kuchaza nganye nganye. ukuphepha amathandabuzo.

Ukutya

Ngokukodwa, ukutya kwezi zilwanyana kuqulethwe ziziqhamo kunye namagqabi, njengaleyo inkawu, kodwa iintyatyambo nazo zinokongezwa, kodwa ezokugqibela zincinci. Kubonwa ngokwepesenti, ukutyisa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• I-17,9% yeentyatyambo, oku kuyeyona nto isetyenzisiweyo kancinci.
• I-42,1% yeziqhamo ezahlukeneyo.
• I-48,2% yamagqabi, le yeyona nto idla kakhulu esi silwanyana, kodwa ilingana kakhulu nepesenti yeziqhamo, ekhokelela ekutyeni okulinganayo.
• Uphononongo luye lwenziwa olumisela ixesha elithathwa kuhlobo ngalunye lokutya, ngokomlinganiselo wepesenti lusasazwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
• I-Ficus insipidus: 14,89%
• Iimpawu zeCecropia: 2.24%,
• I-Ficus yaponensis: 20,95%
• IHyeronima laxiflora: 1.99%
• Brosimum alicastrum: 6,08%.
• ILacmellea panamensis: 0.67%
• I-Platypodium elegans: 5,65%
• I-Anacardiaceae: 2,63%
• Inga fagifolia: 3,86%
• I-Poulsenia armata: 3,63%
• Kodwa oku akukuphela koluhlu olukhoyo malunga nokutya, kodwa kukho ulwahlulo losapho:
• ILeguminosae: 9,55
• I-Apocynaceae: 1,67%.
• I-Moraceae: 47,79%
• I-Euphorbiaceae: 1,99%
• Anacardiaceae: 2,62%.

Xa kuqhutywa olu phando luninzi, kwafunyaniswa ukuba ezi nkawu zithanda amagqabi athambileyo kuba ezo zikhulileyo azivelisi iiprotheyini ezininzi njengazo, kodwa le ibingeyiyo yodwa into eyafunyanwayo, kodwa iintsapho ezinje ngeleguminosae kunye neCecropia obtusifolia nazo bezikhona. umthombo wokutyisa.

Kuyabonakala ukuba ezi zinomthamo ophezulu kunezinye iinkawu ngokwemiqathango yamahlamvu ekubeni zinenkqubo esiswini evumela ukubola kwezo seli ukuba ubukhulu becala kunzima kakhulu ukwetyisa.

Kwakhona bayakwazi ukukhetha into abaza kuyitya, babone ukuba amagqabi anetyhefu okanye abaqinisekanga ukuba baya kutya, besitya kuphela abo bacinga ukuba akusayi kubenzakalisa.

EMexico, kuMyezo wezilwanyana iChapultepec, kwenziwa uphononongo olujonge ukufumanisa ukuba ukutya okwakunikwa iinkawu ezikhuselweyo kule ndawo kuvalelwe kuyo kwakwanele na, kunye nesixa sezondlo kunye neeproteni ezizidingayo ukuze zibe nobomi obusempilweni.

Kwenziwa iveki, ngokusebenzisa iisampulu eziphantsi kohlalutyo lweekhemikhali ezivumela ukwazi ukuba ingakanani into eyomileyo equlethwe kuyo, ingakanani ukufuma, iprotheni ekrwada, phakathi kwezinye izinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle, iziphumo zaba:

• Ngokumalunga nokufuma, igalelo libe ngama-76,2%.
• Ngokusebenzisa izinto ezomileyo, inxalenye esetyenzisiweyo yayingama-23,7%.
• Iprotheyini ekrwada idliwe malunga ne-8%.

Ngoko kwaboniswa ukuba babe negalelo elihle kulo myezo wezilwanyana.

Ubume bentlalo

Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kolu didi kukuba inokuziphatha okunoxolo, nangona kunjalo akucebisi ukuthembela kolu phawu kuba banokuba ndlongondlongo ngezihlandlo ezithile.

Abantu abazinikele ekwenzeni amaxwebhu ezilwanyana bachitha iiyure besenza ushicilelo malunga nayo yonke into eyenziwa zizilwanyana ezahlukeneyo kwindawo abahlala kuyo, kuquka nenkawu, bajongene nokufunda zonke iinkcukacha ezivumela ukuba kwenziwe iinkcazo-bungcali ngazo, ngokunjalo iingcali zebhayoloji zichitha ubomi bazo kuphando.

Ngenxa yale misebenzi yenziwa zezi ngcaphephe, kufunyaniswe ukuba emihlambini okanye kumaqela eenkawu, kuhlala kukho inkokeli eyindoda enye ejongene nokukhupha amanye amadoda kwiqela lakhe kwaye abulale oyena mncinane, oku kunokuba kubonwa njengokukufanelekelayo ukufumana intlonipho.

Nangona kunjalo, uphononongo oluninzi luye lwafumanisa ukuba ezi zenzo zenziwa ikakhulu xa iimazi zisebushushwini, ngoko ke kukho ulwamkelo olukhulu lwezesondo oluqhuba amadoda ukuba agxothe amanye amaqabane awo kwaye abulale abanye, ebajonga njengesoyikiso sokuzala .

Abathandi ukwenza amaqela amakhulu, bakhetha imihlambi emincinci, ubukhulu becala babekwe phakathi kwamalungu amathandathu ukuya kuthi ga kumalungu angama-23 aphezulu, iinkawu ze-Howler azifane zibonwe kumaqela amakhulu, nangona kunjalo kuqatshelwe ukuba ezi zidla ngokuba zininzi kakhulu kune. iAlouatta Seniculus.

KwiSiqithi saseBarro Colorado, iqela lamalungu angama-21 labonwa, eli lelinye lawona makhulu arekhodiweyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kukuba kwiqela ngalinye kula maqela kukho amadoda amathathu ealpha okanye inkokeli, ahluke kulo mba Seniculus , ekubeni ezi yiba nenkokheli yabantu abadala kuphela.

Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kukuba phakathi kweqela ngalinye kukho umgama oqikelelwayo weehektare ezili-10 ukuya kwezingama-60, nangona kunjalo xa intsimi abahlala kuyo ingebanzi kangako, banokuba kude omnye komnye ukusuka kwiihektare ezi-3 ukuya kwezisi-7, njengoko kunokuba njalo. IPanama kwamanye amahlathi ayo, ekubeni uninzi lwawo luzaliswe ziinkawu.

Ngokweenkcukacha ezirekhodiweyo, ezi zihamba rhoqo zifuna ukutya kwazo, zihamba ukuya kuthi ga kwiimitha ezilikhulu elinamashumi amabini anesithathu ngosuku, kodwa ziye zabonwa zihamba ukuya kuthi ga kwi-596 yeemitha.

Ukugqithiswa kwezi nkawu kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni lwasePanama kubangelwa kukuba emahlathini akufuphi kuye kwakho ukugawulwa kwemithi emininzi kwiminyaka, apho baphoqeleka ukuba bafudukele kumanxweme, ngoko kwisikwere km ukuya kwelinye. amawaka namashumi amahlanu iintlobo inkawu Saraguato zifunyenwe.

Oku kwahluke ngokucacileyo kwiCosta Rica naseMexico apho ikhilomitha nganye yesikwere, kwimeko yokuqala, iinkawu ezingama-90 zifunyenwe kwaye kwimeko yesibini, abantu abangama-23.

NoNxibelelwano

Nangona amaxesha amaninzi kungabonakali ngathi izilwanyana ziyanxibelelana, inyaniso ikukuba zenza okuninzi okanye ngaphezulu kunabantu, ngasinye sikwenza ngendlela yaso nanini na kuyimfuneko.

Kwimeko yenkawu ekhalayo, inophawu olukhethekileyo, banemiboniso yezwi, apho eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kukubhomboloza kwaye kulo igama labo lenkawu ye-Howler isekelwe.

Kwihlabathi elitsha eli ligqalwa njengelona lizwi likhwazayo lenkawu. Xa zisenza esi sandi, zilumkisa amalungu amanye amaqela, ingakumbi amadoda, kodwa ziyakwazi nokusenza esi sandi xa sisiva iinqwelo-moya okanye ezinye ingxolo enkulu.

Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kukuba ngokubambisana nezi zikhalo zenza ukugquma, kodwa okokugqibela kwenziwa ngabafazi bamaqela kwinkampani encinci.

Kukho ezinye izandi ezenziweyo eziye zahlelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Bark, oku kwenziwa yinkunzi, enzulu kakhulu kwaye ikwenza ubuncinane izihlandlo ezine, ikwenza xa ivakalelwa kukuba iphazanyiswa yinto engaphandle.
• ukugquma kokuqala: ezi zinexesha elifutshane, njengangaphambili, ziqhutywa ngamadoda eqela.
• I-Oodle: Ezi zizandi ezikhutshwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo, njenge-pulse, zenziwe ikakhulu ngabantu abadala xa bekhathazekile.
• Ukugquma okukhulu: oku kwenzeka kwiinkunzi ezindala njengesandi esiphakamileyo ekupheleni kokugquma.
• ixolo lobufazi: xa iimazi ziphazamisekile zikhupha esi sandi ngesandi esingaphezulu kunesiqhelo.
• Ukukhapha Ukugquma: Esi sandi senziwa ngamantshontsho kunye neemazi, xa zincwina ukukhapha ingoma yenkunzi.
• Moan: xa bephethwe kukuphazamiseka okuthile benza olu hlobo lwesandi, oku kunokwenziwa ngabasetyhini, abancinci kunye neentsana.
• Ixolo eliyindoda eliqalayo: Kuvakala isandi senkunzi xa zicaphukile kodwa kancinci.
• I-squawk: yindlela abakhala ngayo, unokusixela esi sandi kuba benza uhlobo lwamanqaku amathathu alandelelanayo kwaye iintsana zenza xa zingamfumani unina.
• Eh: kuxa bephefumla ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuze bahlale benxibelelana, beqhutywa ziintsana.
• Cackle: oku kwenziwa ngoyena mncinane kwiqela, isandi esikhulu nesiphindaphindayo, esenza ukuba sibe phantsi kwesoyikiso.
• Amaxolo omfazi aqalayo: Sisandi esivalekileyo kwaye bayenza xa iinkunzi ziziva kancinci kuyo.
• Shriek: sisandi esenziwa ngokungathi baphinda unobumba “E” izihlandlo ezininzi kodwa ngeethowuni ezahlukahlukeneyo, ezenziwa ziintsana neemazi ezikhulileyo.
• Ukucoca: Ifana kakhulu naleyo yenziwa ziikati, eyona incinci kwiqela iyenza xa ikunye nonina.
• Bhombolozani: Ifana kakhulu nento eyenziwa zizinja, eyenziwa ngawo onke amalungu ngaphandle kwenkunzi endala.
• yho ha: lento yenziwa ngumama xa engekho kufutshane nonyana wakhe inamalungu amathathu.

Kwimeko yenkawu ekhalayo, njengoko isenzeka kuninzi lweeprimates, inophuhliso olukhulu ngezi ndlela zilandelayo:

• Ukubona nokuva zezona ziphuhlileyo, ezi zezona zibavumelayo ukuba baye kufuna ukutya kwabo kwaye banxibelelane.
• Ezi zivamvo zilandelwa yivumba kunye nokuchukumisa, eyokuqala iluncedo kakhulu ekutyisweni ngokubona amagqabi anetyhefu, kwimeko yokuchukumisa kwakhona ekukhethweni kwamagqabi kunye neziqhamo eziza kudliwa.

Ukukhupha

Kuphononongo olwenziwa kwi-Saraguato Monkey, ukuma kunye nexesha abatyala imali kwisiqhelo sabo kwindawo nganye nayo ibonwe kwaye isekelwe kweli candelo liyakhuthazwa.

E-Barro Colorado, kuqikelelwa ukuba inkawu ekhalayo isasaza ixesha layo lemini ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Ixesha labo elininzi lichithwa ekuphumleni, ekubeni i-65,54% yexesha labo lichithwa kulo msebenzi.
• Ukudibanisa basebenzisa kuphela i-10,23% yexesha labo.
• Ukondla i-16,24% yexesha lakhe.

Kodwa olunye uphononongo olwenziweyo lusasaza la maxesha akhankanyiweyo ngokwahlukileyo, luwachaza ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Intsalela ikhokela kwi-58,42%.
• Ukutya kwi-15,35%.
• Ukufuduswa kwabantu nge-11,4%.

Ngokumalunga neli nqaku lokugqibela, kubalulekile ukugxininisa ukuba i-70% yezihlandlo ihlanganiswe kwindawo ye-quadrupedal. Abafane benze imitsi, babonwa kakhulu bejinga emsileni xa besitya.

Olunye ulwazi oluvela kuphononongo lubonisa ukuba ukuhanjiswa kwe-displacement kwifom ye-quadrupedal yi-47%, ngelixa ukumiswa emsileni wayo yi-37%.

Ukuma ngokubanzi kwenkawu kuqikelelwa ngale ndlela ilandelayo:

• Ukuma: 20%.
• Ixhonywe emsileni wayo: 11%.
• Ukulala phantsi: 12%.
• Ukuhlala: 53%.

Ukuveliswa kwakhona kwenkawu yesaraguato

Ukuvuthwa kufikeleleka kumaxesha ahlukeneyo phakathi kwamadoda nabafazi, aba bokugqibela baba ngabokuqala ukufikelela kweli nqanaba malunga neenyanga ezingamashumi amathathu anesithandathu, lo gama abokuqala befikelela kulo xa befikelela kwiinyanga ezingamashumi amane anesibini.

Umjikelo wesondo wenkawu ekhalayo uhlala iintsuku ezilishumi elinesithandathu, kunokwenzeka ukuba ngeli xesha i-pheromones inendima efanelekileyo, oku kungenxa yokuba amadoda eqela aphunga i-genitalia yabasetyhini abakhoyo, kodwa kungekuphela nje oku kodwa bavavanya. ukuchama kwabo.

Inkokeli yeqela yiyo enelungelo elipheleleyo lokusebenzisana nabasetyhini.

Emva kweentsuku ezilikhulu elinamashumi asibhozo anesithandathu, ikhuliswa kwimazi, kwaye zizala ngaphezu kweenyanga ezilishumi elinesibini, eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kukuba yinkawu enye.

Inkawu ezelwe ixhomekeke kunina, ibambelele kuye noba zintsuku ezilishumi elinesine, kukho nabathi babambelele kuyo kangangeentsuku ezingamashumi amabini ananye, kodwa unina ubahoyile unyaka onesiqingatha, bakhwela kuzo. iindawo apho angakwaziyo ukufikelela kuzo yedwa.

Ulondolozo

Kwakhankanywa ekuqaleni kweqela ukuba olu didi lwaluthathwa njengezilwanyana ezisengozini, njengoko kunjalo nge  Ingwe emhlophe Xa kujongwa uLuhlu oluBomvu lwe-IUCN, lugqalwa njengento exhalabisayo encinane, oko kukuthi, nangona lutshabalala, kusenokwenzeka ukuba lufumane kwakhona uhlobo lwalo.

Oku kusasazwa kumazwe ahlukeneyo, kwaye kulo lonke eli kuthathwa ukuba kukho iintlobo ezaneleyo, ngoko akukho sisongelo esinamandla esiya kubangela ukunyamalala kwabo, nangona zizingelwa, zithengiswa kwimarike emnyama, indawo yazo yokuhlala yonakaliswa kwaye iyancipha. kwimfuno ephezulu yokusetyenziswa kwabaninzi.

Imeko edume kakubi ngokwemeko yomonakalo abawenzileyo kwindawo abahlala kuyo kukusingasiqithi iAzuero, apho kukho ukuqhekeka okukhulu kwamahlathi ayo.

Ngelixa ngokumalunga nokuzingela kwabo, kwenzeka kakhulu eColombia kwiChoco ukuba ibe ngqo ngakumbi, bazingelwa ngabantu bomthonyama kunye nabemi baseAfro-Colombian, kweli lizwe linye kukho amahlathi amaninzi abe ngamaxhoba okugawulwa kwemithi, atshabalalisa abaninzi. amahlathi, uninzi lolu hlobo lulahlekile.

Olu hlobo lunokubaluleka okuphezulu kwinqanaba leekholoji njengoko lusasaza imbewu, ngokwemvelo ineentshaba ezithile phakathi kwazo i-jaguar, i-jaguar. Ukhozi lweharpy, icougar kunye neocelot.