Umfanekiso – Flickr/Tambako The Jaguar
Ingonyama emhlophe ngokungathandabuzekiyo sesinye sezona zilwanyana zinomtsalane onokukubona kwindawo yabo yokuhlala yendalo okanye ekuthinjweni kwiindawo zoovimba nakwimizi yogcino-zilwanyana. Nangona kunjalo, basengozini, yingakho sizama ukubagcina bephila kwaye sikhuthaze ukuzalwa kwenzala entsha egcina lo mbala ofanayo.
Apha siza kuchaza i-curiosities malunga nengonyama emhlophe, kutheni isengozini yokuphela kunye nendlela onokusebenzisana ngayo ukuyiphepha.
Ingonyama emhlophe: ukuguqulwa kofuzo
iingonyama ezimhlophe ngokwemfuzo zizilwanyana ezincinci ezifana nengonyama yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye ingonyama yaseTransvaal (Panthera leo krugeri) kwaye zifumaneka kwezinye iindawo zokugcina zendalo ze EMzantsi Afrika nakwimizi yogcino-zilwanyana kwihlabathi jikelele. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ngokuqhelekileyo zaziwa ngokuba iingonyama ezimhlophe zaseAfrika. Iingonyama ezimhlophe azikho ii-albino, kodwa ingcali yeleucist.
Yintoni leucistic?
Oku kuthetha ukuba banayo ibala elibonakalayo emehlweni, iipaw pads, kunye nemilebe. Ngoko ke banako I-hazel okanye igolide, amehlo aluhlaza grey okanye aluhlaza, ngoxa isilwanyana esiyialbhino singenambala kwiiris. Uphawu lwe-leucistic lubangelwa ukuguqulwa kwe-recessive kwi-gene ye-tyrosinase (TYR), i-enzyme ejongene nokuveliswa kwe-melanin.
Ngoko ke ukunciphisa imveliso ye-pigment kunciphisa i-pigmentation yengubo, kuphela ukushiya i-pigmentation encinci encinci ekupheleni kweziphelo. Ngoko ke, okukhona ingonyama inabo ububomvurha buncinci kubo bonke uboya bayo, iya kuba bumbala oqaqambileyo. Nje ngeziphumo, lo mahluko weengonyama ukusuka kublond ukuya phantse kumhlophe. Iinkunzi zinebala eliluthuthu namabala emsileni endaweni yokuba zibemnyama okanye zibe mnyama njengoko siqhele ukuzibona.
Enye into ebangel’ umdla ezahluke ngayo iingonyama ezimhlophe kukuba zinjalo yomelele ngakumbi kwaye ilungile kunezinye ii-subspecies zeengonyama, zinokufikelela Iimitha ezi-3 ubude kwimeko yamadoda kunye ne-2 yeemitha kubasetyhini.
Iphuma phi ingonyama emhlophe?
Ukusasazeka ngokwendalo kwezi ngonyama kubandakanya amazwe amane akumazantsi eAfrika:
- EMzantsi Afrika. Ngokukodwa kwiKruger National Park, apho kukho abona bantu baninzi
- Zimbabu
- Mozambikh
- Botswana
Zingaphi iikopi ezikhoyo ngoku?
Okwangoku kukho kuphela 13 iingonyama ezimhlophe endle, ngokwamanani apapashwe ngu IGlobal White Lion Protection Trust, umbutho waseMzantsi Afrika okhethekileyo kukhuseleko nolondolozo lwesi silwanyana. Noko ke, elo nani liye landa baphantse babe ngama-300 ekuthinjweni njengoko iingonyama ezimhlophe zizalwa kwaye zikhuliswe kwiindawo ezikhuselweyo ezizinikele ekukhuseleni nasekukhuthazeni ukuphila kolu hlobo.
Injongo yamazwe ngamazwe yokulondoloza ezi ngonyama inika ithemba lokukwazi yomeleze olu hlobo lukhethekileyo lwemfuza kwaye uluse ekubuyiselweni kwakhona kwixesha elizayo kwindawo ehlala kuyo yendalo. Ngapha koko, kwi 2004 waqala i ukuqanduselwa kwakhona. La mantshontsho athe ngokuthe ngcembe abuyiselwa kukuzingca kweengonyama zasendle, kwaye afikelela kwinqanaba lempumelelo elifana neleengonyama zasendle ekuzingeleni nasekuziqhelaniseni nemekobume.
Kunyaka 2013 Uphononongo lwesampulu luqalisiwe ukuchonga uphawu lwemfuzo olumisela umbala omhlophe wengonyama, kwaye kwafunyaniswa ukuba namhlanje kukho Imihlambi emi-3 yeengonyama ezimhlophe eTimbavati. Ukongeza kwezo zikwi-nuclei yezilwanyana. Enyanisweni, kwi 2021, Apha eSpain, ngakumbi eSeville, ha wazalwa ngo ithole lengonyama yokuqala emhlophe akukho zingxaki zempilo.
Ingonyama emhlophe inexabiso elikhulu ngokwenkcubeko kuluntu lwengingqi yemveli, yiyo loo nto esona sizathu sale projekthi kukuthembela koko kubaluleka ukuze kuncedwe ukukhusela I-Kruger ukuya kwiCanyon Biosphere (K2C), apho abona bantu baninzi bezi ngonyama.
Kutheni ingasekho?
Okwangoku zidweliswe njengabasesichengeni ngu IUCN. Kubalulekile ukwazi izoyikiso zayo ukuze wenze isicwangciso solondolozo kunye nokubuyiselwa kwengonyama emhlophe. I oonobangela abaphambili Zizo:
- izinga lokuzalwa eliphantsi. Inyaniso yokuba kufuneka bakhuliselwe ekuthinjweni yenza imveliso yabo ibe nzima. Kukho izinga eliphezulu lokufa kwabantu abazalwa ngenxa yezifo, kunye nabantwana abambalwa abazalwayo kunye nokuzalana okwenza ubomi bube nzima.
- ukurhweba ngeentlobo. UMzantsi Afrika kulapho abona bantu baninzi bafumaneka khona. Apho, "iifama zolondolozo" zisetyenziselwa ukuqhubela phambili esi silwanyana singaqhelekanga, ingxaki kukuba amaxesha amaninzi abantu ngokwabo abavumelekanga ukuba baphile endle, kwaye bathengiswa kwimizi yogcino-zilwanyana kwezinye iindawo. Oku kuchaphazela kakubi ukuphila kwabo kuba abanikwa indawo yabo yendalo ukuba baqhubele phambili bebodwa.
- ilahleko yendawo yokuhlala yendalo. Ukongezwa kule nyaniso kukutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nokungahambi kakuhle kulawulo lwabantu kummandla (ukwakhiwa, ukugawulwa kwemithi, ucingo, ukungcola ...), oku kuthetha ukuba iingonyama ezimhlophe zinommandla omncinci kunye nomncinci kwaye zinokutya okuncinci kwaye ukufikelela emanzini.
Ndingalunceda njani ulondolozo lwayo?
Zininzi iindlela esinokunceda ngazo ulondolozo lwengonyama emhlophe. Okuphambili kukuba abantu baqonde ukubaluleka kophando kulawulo, ulondolozo kunye nendawo yokuhlala yendalo yengonyama emhlophe. Zininzi imibutho yokusingqongileyo neyenzululwazi, kuzwelonke nakwihlabathi jikelele, befuna inkxaso yoluntu ukuze bakwazi ukwenza amanyathelo anokwenzeka okubuyisela ezi ntaka kwindawo yazo yendalo.
Iiprojekthi ezijolise ekukhuselweni kwabantu abakwindawo yabo yokuhlala yendalo zinenzuzo ngakumbi kunezo zijolise ekusindeni kwale feline ekuthinjweni, umzekelo, ukhetho lokurhweba le mizekelo luphelisiwe.
Ngoko ke, Unokunikela ngeenkozo zakho zesanti ngezi ndlela zilandelayo:
- Ukusasaza okwenziwa zezi projekthi
- Yiba livolontiya kuyo nayiphi na kwezi projekthi
- Yenza uhlobo oluthile lweminikelo yemali ukubanceda ngesibonelelo
Apha sikushiya i-trailer yefilimu UMia kunye nengonyama emhlophe, ifanelekile ukuya kuthi ga kweyona incinci yendlu kunye Yindlela yokufikelela ngakumbi kwizazela zabo bonke. Ngaphaya koko, into echukumisayo yeyokuba imiboniso eyenzekayo nengonyama emhlophe akukho mifanekiso yekhompyutha isetyenziswayo, iyinyani! Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi lube luncedo kuwe ukuba ufunde ngakumbi malunga nengonyama emhlophe kunye nendlela yokunceda.