Ngokuqinisekileyo uyazibuza ukuba i-leishmaniasis kwizinja iyasulela, kodwa okokuqala kufuneka wazi ukuba luhlobo luni lwesifo esithetha ngalo. Sisifo esinokuba sibi kakhulu ezinjeni, esibangelwa sisifunxi-gazi esiyiprotozoan emikroskopu ebizwa ngokuba yileishmania. Fumana okuninzi ngakumbi ngezantsi.
Ngaba i-leishmaniasis ezinjeni iyosulela?
Ngokumalunga nale nkxalabo, kufuneka sikwazise ukuba akukho zifundo zibonelele ngobungqina obubambekayo kulo mba. Kodwa, ngokucinga okunengqiqo kufuneka sikuxelele ukuba ukuba nesilwanyana sasekhaya endlwini akuwonyusi umngcipheko wokosuleleka, nokuba isilwanyana sasekhaya siyagula. Into ekufuneka uyiphephe kukungabi nasilwanyana sasekhaya, kodwa ingcongconi esasazayo iyasiluma kwaye, ukuba ucinga ngako, kwiindawo apho i-leishmanias ixhaphake khona, inani leempukane ezibhabhayo likhulu kakhulu, ngoko banokukuluma naphi na. , nokuba awunazo izilwanyana zasekhaya.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zeklinikhi
Ngaphambi kokuba ukhathazeke malunga nokwazi ukuba i-leishmaniasis kwizinja iyosulela, kufuneka wazi iimpawu zayo. Mhlawumbi olona phawu lubonakalayo lweklinikhi kukuba uya kubona ukuba inja yakho iya kuqala njani ukuphulukana noboya bayo, ikakhulu kwindawo ejikeleze amehlo, iindlebe kunye nempumlo. Njengoko isifo siqhubela phambili, inja yakho iya kuqala ukunciphisa umzimba, nangona iya kuqhubeka idla okufanayo, ngoko, ngokomgaqo, ungakhathazeki, kodwa kufuneka.
Uyakuqala kwakhona ukuqaphela ukuba inja yakho iya kubonisa ezinye izilonda zolusu, ngakumbi kwindawo yentloko kunye neempuphu, ezi ndawo zenja ezihlala zikufutshane emhlabeni xa ihamba, ihleli, okanye ihamba. Ukuba ngenxa yeshwa okanye ukungakhathali, isifo sihlala singapheliyo, siya kuba nzima ngenxa yezigulo zangaphakathi, kwaye kunokukhokelela ekuphelelweni kwezintso kwizihlandlo ezininzi kwaye i-leishmaniasis kwizinja iyosulela xa ingcongconi iluma kwaye iluma inja ephilileyo.
Into esinokuyithetha kukuba i-leishmaniasis ezinjeni iyosulela kuphela ukuba izinja ezininzi zilunywe yingcongconi esasaza esi sifo, kodwa ayinakuze isasazeke ukusuka kwinja ukuya kwinja. Isithuthi sokuhambisa siyafuneka, esiyingcongconi.
https://youtu.be/YwDqagGFEyk
Canine leishmaniasis ehlabathini
Ukuba ungathanda ukufumana esi sifo ngokwejografi, siya kukuxelela ukuba sifumaneka kumazwe aliqela aseLatin America nakuwo onke amazwe akummandla weMeditera, ukuqala ngeMorocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Israel, Turkey, Grace, Malta, Italy, France, Spain kunye Portugal.
Leishmaniasis eSpain
Ukuba sifuna ukubhekisela kwindawo yayo eSpain, siyakwazisa ukuba imimandla apho ixhaphake kakhulu kwaye i-leishmaniasis kwizinja iyosulela yiCastilla, León, Extremadura, Castilla-La Mancha, Andalucía, Murcia, Levante, Baleares. , iMadrid, iCatalonia kunye neAragon, nangona ikhona nakweminye imimandla, nangona kuncinci, nangona kunjalo, ixhaphake kwi-geography yaseSpain.
Elona xesha lisemngciphekweni enyakeni
I-Leishmaniasis ezinjeni iyosulela kwaye isasazeka ngokulunywa ziingcongconi kwaye ezi zivela ngamaxesha apho ubushushu buqala, malunga nenyanga kaMeyi kwaye iphele ngoSeptemba, nangona ubushushu bubude bufikelela ku-Oktobha.
Masikhumbule ukuba iingcongconi zihlala kwinqanaba le-larval kwixesha elibandayo lasebusika, ngoko kubalulekile ukwenza imisebenzi ye-fumigation, kungakhathaliseki ixesha lonyaka esenza ngayo. Kodwa kwiindawo zaseSpain ezifudumeleyo, i-leishmaniasis kwizinja iyosulela kwaye siya kufumanisa ukuba kukho iingcongconi ezisasaza unyaka wonke, ngoko ke kule mimandla, usulelo ngokulunywa lunokwenzeka unyaka wonke.
Leishmaniasis njengesizathu sokufa
Ngelishwa, kufuneka sikuxelele ewe. I-Leishmaniasis sisifo esinokubangela ukufa kwinani elikhulu lezinja ezosulelwe yiyo ukuba asizikhathaleli ngokwaneleyo kwaye asiziboneleli ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye nolawulo oluyimfuneko emva kokuchaphazeleka.
Imingcipheko yokosulela
Ukuba inja yakho ayinalo naluphi na uhlobo lokhuseleko, i-leishmaniasis ezinjeni iyosulela kwaye ingozi inokuba phakathi kwe-3% kunye ne-18%. Ngokuqinisekileyo, izinga lomngcipheko liyenyuka ukuba inja yakho ihlala emaphandleni okanye kufuphi nezixeko, kunye nokuba ihlala kwiindawo ezifudumele zelizwe kwaye ukuba ihlala ngaphandle kwendlu xa kusihlwa. Ngokuphathelele ukuba i-leishmaniasis ezinjeni iyasulela, siye sachaza ngaphambili ukuba ayinako ukudluliselwa kwinja ukuya kwinja, kuba ukulunywa kwengcongconi ephethe i-leishmania iyimfuneko.
Iintlobo zeleishmania ezikhoyo
Kukho iindidi ezininzi zeleishmania ezohlukileyo enye kwenye, kulo mzekelo sibhekisa kuhlobo lweleishmania, eziyileishmania tropica, leishmania enkulu kunye neleishmania infantum. Kodwa kwakhona kufuneka sikulumkise ukuba phakathi kwezi genera ungafumana iiklasi ezininzi okanye ii-zymodemes, ezinomahluko omncinci kakhulu phakathi kwazo.
umjikelo wobomi be-parasite
Ngaphakathi kwenja, esi sifunxi-gazi sihlala kwiklasi ekhethekileyo ye-macrophage leukocytes ekhoyo egazini, esikhumbeni nakwizitho zangaphakathi, iyakwazi ukuhlala ngaphakathi komongo wethambo, kumalungu kunye nemithambo yegazi iqinisekisiwe. i-canine central nervous system. Kwimeko apho ingcongconi, esiyibiza ngokuba yisanti, ithe yaluma inja enesifo, iya kufumana izifunxi-gazi ( leishmania ) egazini eliselusu lwayo. Emva koko, ngaphakathi kwesisu sengcongconi, iiseli ezosulelekileyo ziya kugqabhuka kwaye ii-parasites, eziza kukhululwa, zitshintshe i-morphology yazo kwaye zibe nde.
Ezi zifunxi-gazi zintsha zine-morphology emide ziya kudada ngaphakathi kwesisu sengcongconi kwaye zinamathele kwiindonga zamathumbu. Ukuveliswa kwayo kuqhutyelwa ngokuqhekeza kubini kunye nokunye, kude kube ngexesha elifutshane i-digestive tract ye-mosquito igcwele ezi zinambuzane.
Xa ingcongconi ibhinqa iphinda iluma esinye isilwanyana, izifunxi-gazi ezifumaneka kumjelo walo wokwetyisa zidluliselwa egazini zisiya kulusu lwenja. Xa oku kwenzeka, isilonda esincinci sinokubonakala eluswini lwenja, olubizwa ngokuba yi-inoculation chancre, ecaleni kwendawo elunywe kuyo.
Into eqhelekileyo kukuba inja ifumana ukulunywa empumlweni okanye ezindlebeni. Kukwezi ndawo apho i-parasite ikwazi ukwenza ikoloniyali ye-macrophages yegazi lesilwanyana kwaye ibuye ibe notshintsho lwe-morphological oluthatha kwimilo yayo yesangqa. Ngomlinganiselo ofanayo apho i-chancre iyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe, ii-parasites ziya kusasazeka egazini nakwizitho zangaphakathi zenja yethu.
Indlela yosulelo lwe-leishmaniasis
ILeishmaniasis sisifo esisasazwa kuphela ngokulunywa yingcongconi yodidi lwe-sandfly, ngoko ke i-leishmaniasis ezinjeni iyosulela kuphela xa izinja ezininzi zilunywe yingcongconi efanayo.
Iindidi zeempukane ezisasaza i-leishmaniasis
Kwintsimi yaseSpain, zingaphezu kweshumi elinesibini iintlobo zeesanti ezifumanekayo, kodwa kuzo zonke, zimbini kuphela ezikwaziyo ukusasaza i-leishmaniasis, i-P. perniciosus kunye ne-P. ariasi. Ukongeza, ziimazi kuphela ezi ngcongconi ezisasaza esi sifo.
Yimazi kuphela eyona isasaza i-leishmaniasis
Zombini izini zale ngcongconi zitya iswekile efumaneka kwincindi yesityalo okanye incindi yentwala, kodwa ziimazi kuphela ezitya igazi.
Isizathu soku kukuba imazi ifuna igazi ukuze ikwazi ukuvelisa amaqanda ayo kunye nokuzala. Malunga neentsuku ezisixhenxe emva kokutya igazi, imazi nganye iya kukwazi ukubeka amaqanda amalunga ne-100 kumhlaba ofumileyo onobutyebi bezinto eziphilayo.
Iimpukane ezintsha azizalwa zinohlaselo
Kufuneka sikuxelele ukuba kunjalo. Kwimeko yomkhosi wesi simfimfithi, kwenzeka into enomdla kakhulu kwaye kukuba impukane nganye izalwa ingenayo i-leishmania ngaphakathi kuyo, nangona unina wayo wosulelekile kwaye isizathu sikukuba ezi zifunxi-gazi zihlasela kuphela inkqubo yesisu kwaye hayi ukuzala, ngoko ke amaqanda akhuselekile ekuhlaselweni.
Yintoni efunekayo ukuze uhlaselo lwenzeke
Inkqubo imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo, okokuqala incanca eyimazi kufuneka ilume isilwanyana esosulelwe yi<em>leishmaniasis, kuba leyo yindlela esifumana ngayo eso sifunxi-gazi, kufuneka kudlule ixesha elifutshane ukuze i<em>leishamania itshintshe imo ize iphinde izale ngokubini. ukwahlukana kwaye emva koko kufuneka ilume inja esempilweni.
Xa imazi iluma okwesibini, ezi zifunxi-gazi ziza kufakwa esikhumbeni senja yaye yiloo nto kanye efunekayo ukuze yosuleleke, ngaphambi kokuba inkqubo yayo yokwetyisa ihlaselwe sesi sifunxi-gazi.
Iimpukane zezona ndlela zokusasaza
Kwimeko yezinja, ukulunywa yimazi yesanti yeyona ndlela eyaziwayo yosulelo lwe-leishmaniasis. Kwimeko yabantu, ukosuleleka kunokuthi kwenzeke ngokusebenzisa iinaliti ezosulelwe ligazi eline-leishmanias, ukuze uhlobo losulelo lusuka egazini luye egazini.
Imbonakalo yengcongconi yesanti
Iindiza zesanti ziingcongconi ezincinci, ezinohlobo oluthile lweenwele kunye namaphiko amabini anokulinganisa phakathi kwe-2,5 kunye ne-3 yeemilimitha ubude, kodwa ngokungafaniyo nezinye iintlobo zeengcongconi, azenzi ngxolo okanye buzz ngelixa zibhabha.
Umbala wezi ngcongconi unokwahluka ukusuka kwingca ekhanyayo ukuya kumdaka omnyama. Ngeli xesha zizakuluma, zibonakala ngokuxhuma-xhuma amaphiko azo phezu komzimba wesilwanyana. Kwangokunjalo ziluma abantu. Kwimeko yabantu abanobuthathaka okanye abangevani kakhulu, ukulunywa kwezi ngcongconi kunokubangela ukusabela okunamandla, nokuba kukho ukurhawuzelelwa.
indawo yokuhlala yeempukane
Olu didi lweengcongconi aluqhelekanga ukubonwa emini, kuba zihlala zifihliwe kwiintanda, imingxuma kunye nemingxuma, zifuna ubumnyama. Iingcongconi ezisasaza i-leishmaniasis ezinjeni azihlali elunxwemeni. Indawo yabo yokuhlala yendalo yindawo yasemaphandleni okanye iindawo zedolophu ezinemithi emininzi, njengeepaki okanye iigadi, kodwa kufuneka zibe ziindawo ezifumileyo kakhulu, ukuze zikwazi ukuzala.
umjikelo wobomi besanti
Umbungu uqandusela emaqandeni malunga neveki enye emva kokuzala kwaye kufuneka udlule kumanqanaba amane ombungu phambi kokuba ipupa okanye ichrysalis yenze. Bafikelela ekuvuthweni malunga neentsuku ezilishumi emva kokuqanduselwa. Wonke umjikelo ukusuka ekuzalweni kweqanda ukuya ekubeni ngumntu omdala uthabatha malunga neenyanga ezimbini.
Imazi ifuna ukuhlaba kangaphi?
Isanti yesanti idla ngokuluma phakathi kwamaxesha ama-3 ukuya kwa-4 phambi kokuba ife, kuba yeyona nto ifunekayo ukuze iqhubeke nokuqhamisa amaqanda ayo, nto leyo eya kuqinisekisa ukuba iimpukane ezintsha ziyazalwa, ngoko ukulunywa kuya kuxhomekeka ekubeni mangaphi amaxesha anokudlalwa. Ngoko imazi eyosulelekileyo iyakwazi ukosulela izinja ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3.
Ixesha lemini xa iimpukane ziluma
Olu didi lweengcongconi lusebenza ngorhatya kwaye luhlala lushukuma de kuse. Iingcongconi zommandla weMeditera bonwabela ubusuku ngamaqondo obushushu ashushu, angekho ngaphantsi kwe-16º C. Ngenxa yobuncinci babo, akunakwenzeka ukuba babaleke xa imimoya inamandla, kwaye kubo yomelele xa kuvuthuza umoya. zihamba ngaphezu kwemitha ngomzuzwana, kodwa ukuba umoya uzolile, ziyakwazi ukubhabha imigama emide, ukuya kuthi ga kwiikhilomitha ezi-2 ngobusuku.
Iimpukane zinokungena emakhayeni
Ngesiqhelo, i-sandfly iluma ngakumbi kwiindawo ezingaphandle, nangona inokufumaneka rhoqo ngaphakathi kwizakhiwo. Indlela ezifuna ngayo igazi kungevumba lesilwanyana, ezikwaziyo ukulibona ngemisinga yomoya. Xa kunjalo zibhabha ngokuchasene nomsinga ukuze zikwazi ukuhlala kwisilwanyana kwaye zilume.
Amanyathelo omawuwathathe ukuba inja yakho iyagula
Kakade ke, kuya kufuneka umse kugqirha wezilwanyana, oya kukwazi ukwenza uvavanyo apho igazi lakhe liya kuhlalutywa ukuze kufunyaniswe ukuba wosulelwe zezi zifunxi-gazi. Ngokufanayo, ukuba inja ibonisa ezinye zeempawu zempawu, ugqirha wezilwanyana unokuthatha isampuli yomongo wethambo okanye izicubu kwi-lymph node evuvukileyo ukuze ihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope ukuze ibone.
Ixesha lokufukamela lesi sifo
Ixesha lokufukamela linokuthatha phakathi kweenyanga ezi-3 kunye ne-18. Ngokukodwa, kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba esi sifo sinokuhlala sifihlakele iminyaka emininzi. Kuye kwenzeka ukuba ezinye izinja zixhathise kwaye, nokuba zilunywe ziimpukane, aziyi kubonakalisa iimpawu zesigulo.
Kakade ke, nje ukuba zizinja ezondliwe kakuhle, zihlala kwindawo enothando, ezolile kwaye azikhathazwa kuxinzelelo. Oku kuxhathisa kwesi sifo kunokuvela kwimfuza.
Iindlela zokuxilonga
Iimvavanyo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu zezo zijolise ekuboneni ubukho be-parasite kwinja, nangona kukho iimvavanyo ezifunda impendulo ekhuselayo ye-organism egulayo ngokuchasene nayo, iimvavanyo ze-serological ezizama ukufumanisa ukuba i-organism iye yazikhusela kwaye ngokuchasene nantoni.
Xa kurhanelwa ukuba inja iphethwe yi-leishmania infestation, iimvavanyo ezininzi zinokusetyenziswa ngaxeshanye, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxilongwa, apho i-biopsy yomongo okanye iisampulu ze-lymph node zinokumiselwa. ukubona i-parasite phantsi kwe-microscope, iimvavanyo ze-serological ukufumanisa iqondo lokuphendula kwi-immune system yenja kunye novavanyo lweproteinogram.
Kwiindawo apho i-canine leishmaniasis ixhaphake khona, izinja zijongwa rhoqo ngonyaka kusetyenziswa izixhobo zokuxilonga ezikhawulezayo, ezisebenzisa igazi lenja ukuqaphela nakuphi na ukosuleleka okunokwenzeka kwangoko.
Undoqo kukuxilongwa kwangethuba
Into ekhuthazwayo kukuba uthabathe inja yakho uye kugqirha wezilwanyana kanye ngonyaka ukuze kwenziwe uvavanyo oluhambelanayo. Ngale ndlela uya kuhlala unokuxilongwa kwangoko kwaye unyango olufanelekileyo lunokumiselwa, ukuze ulawule iimpawu kunye nokunciphisa amathuba okuba inja ingafa.
Unyango kwimeko yokugula
Kwimeko apho uqaphela ukuba inja yakho ibonisa iimpawu zakudala zesi sifo, kufuneka uyise kugqirha wezilwanyana ukuze enze iimvavanyo ze-serological kunye nolunye uhlolo, ukukhupha ukuba i-leishmaniasis. Unyango luya kuba nempumelelo ngakumbi ukuba luqalwa xa isifo sikwinqanaba laso lokuqala.
Kodwa kufuneka sikuxelele ukuba, ngelishwa, unyango aluyi kunyanga inja yakho, luya kuphelisa kuphela iimpawu kwaye aluyi kuthintela inja yakho ekubandezelekeni kwakhona kamva, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba uyigcine ngononophelo kwaye uyithathe ubuncinane. kanye ngonyaka kudliwano-ndlebe nogqirha wezilwanyana, ukujonga ukuvela kwayo.
Ngokuphathelele ubude bexesha, kunye namayeza afanelekileyo, unyango kufuneka luqhutywe iiveki ezimbalwa, kodwa i-parasite iya kuhlala ngaphakathi kwenja. Apho kuya kuhlala kude kube sekupheleni kobomi benja yakho, ngenxa yeso sizathu, iya kukwazi ukubonisa iimpawu zesifo ngezihlandlo eziliqela, apho unyango luya kufuneka luphindwe.
Iintlobo zonyango ezikhoyo
Amayeza adla ngokusetyenziswa ngamayeza e-antimonial asetyenziswa ngesitofu kwaye unyango olupheleleyo lusenokufuneka kangangeeveki eziliqela, nangona namhlanje kukho amayeza asetyenziswa ngomlomo, kodwa oko kuya kuxhomekeka kwiqondo lesifo inja. uye.
inja egulayo iphinda
Ngokwenene ayizinzanga kwaye kunzima ukuyicingisisa. Oku kuya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi, ezifana nomgangatho wobomi benja, ukuba iya kosulelwa kwakhona zezinye izinambuzane zesanti, kunye nokutya kunye nolawulo lwezilwanyana ephantsi kwayo.. Okukhona inkathalo iphezulu, iyancipha ingozi yokuba impilo yenja iya isiba mandundu.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba usithathele ingqalelo isilwanyana sakho sasekhaya kwaye usithathe rhoqo ngonyaka kwidinga lonyango lwezilwanyana, ukuxilongwa kunokwenziwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye isifo sifunyanwe kwangethuba, kungcono ukhetho lokukwazi ukusilawula, kunye nokuphazamiseka okuncinci. eyenja.
Ukuba inja yakho yayigula yi-leishmaniasis kwaye iimpawu ziphinda zivele, into omawuyenze kukukhawuleza uyise kwikliniki yezilwanyana, ukuze ingcali ikwazi ukunyanzelisa unyango olufanelekileyo kunye nokulawula inja yakho.
Isitofu sokugonya i-leishmaniasis
Kukho izitofu zokugonya i-leishmaniasis kwimarike, enomgangatho ophezulu wokusebenza kakuhle, kodwa yinto engakhuthazwayo kuphela kodwa kufuneka uhlale uyikhumbula, kuba i-booster yokugonywa yonyaka iyadingeka, ukwenzela ukuba inja ihlale ikhuselekile. ngokuchasene nesi sifo.
Ezinye iimveliso ezinokukhusela inja
Kukho iimveliso kwiimarike ezinokuza kwi-presentation ye-spray, kwii-pipettes kunye neekhola, ezinomsebenzi wokukhusela izinja ekulunyweni kwe-sandfly. Olu didi lweemveliso lusebenza njengento yokugxotha ubukho bezi ngcongconi ezisasaza le ntsholongwane. Ngenxa yokuba ingcongconi engakulumiyo, ayinakusasaza i-leishmaniasis.
Ngaba kukho ukhuseleko lwe-100%?
Ngelishwa, akukho mveliso inokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwe-100%. Ubuninzi obufikelelwe kukufumana ukhuseleko lwe-95%, ngokudibanisa zonke iindlela zokuthintela ezikhoyo.
Ulwamvila lwempukane
Khumbula ukuba ekuphela kokuhambisa i-leishmaniasis yingcongconi ye-sandfly, ngenxa yeso sizathu, unokuqiniseka ukuba ukuba akukho mpukane uluma inja yakho, akunakwenzeka ukuba igule. Kufuneka uzame ukugcina inja yakho ngaphakathi endlwini ukususela ekuqaleni kwemini kude kube sekuseni phakathi kweenyanga zikaMeyi no-Oktobha. Ngaphandle kokuba uhlala kwindawo efudumeleyo unyaka wonke, kufuneka uyigcine ikhuselekile ngamaxesha onke. Omnye umlinganiselo ofanele uwusebenzise kukubeka isefu yeengcongconi kwiindawo apho inja yakho ilala khona.
Leishmaniasis kubantu
Oku kunzima kakhulu ukukucinezela. Okwangoku, kuqikelelwa ukuba kukho ukwanda kwezigidi ezibini ze-leishmaniasis ebantwini kwihlabathi jikelele minyaka le. Kwimeko yaseSpain, uqikelelo lweminyaka yakutshanje kukuba malunga ne-150 ukuya kwi-200 entsha ebhalisiweyo ngonyaka.
Kweli nani, olona phawu lubalaseleyo lufunyanwa kubantu abanesifo esichaphazela amajoni abo omzimba, njengabo banesifo sikagawulayo, abaguli abangenamajoni omzimba kunye nezigulana eziye zenziwa uqhaqho-fakelo kwaye bafumana unyango lokuthintela ukwaliwa kwelungu labo. itshintshiwe.
Ukosulela kwabantu
Ukulunywa kuphela kwesanti kubangela ukuba umntu osulelwe yi-leishmaniasis, kodwa ingozi yeziphumo zayo emzimbeni wakho iyanda ukuba ungumntu onenkqubo yokuzikhusela komzimba echatshazelwa zezinye izifo.
Okuye kwaphawulwa kukuba kule minyaka yakutshanje kuye kwakho izigulo ezithile kwesi sifo, ukwanda kwenani labantu abosulelekileyo, kwanaphakathi kwabantu abasempilweni ngokupheleleyo, oku kubangelwa kukwanda kwemivundla nemivundla ezipakini. iindawo ezingqonge izixeko, zikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba ezi zilwanyana zincinane zisebenza njengamadama esi sifo.
Umngcipheko ophezulu wosulelo ebantwaneni
Ukuba ngumntwana osemncinci, kuyinyaniso ukuba basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokosulelwa, ngenxa yokuba amajoni akhe omzimba angekakhuli ngokupheleleyo, ngoko ke bangamaxhoba alula okufumana nokuphuhlisa esi sifo.
Kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo okhuseleko akhethekileyo ukuze aphephe.
Ewe, kulula kakhulu ukuba uthathe amanyathelo aliqela ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwesi sifo, ngakumbi ukuba uqhele ukuya ezitiyeni okanye kwiipaki apho kukho imivundla, imivundla okanye nasiphi na esinye isilwanyana esinokuthi sisebenze njengovimba weleishmania. , ngakumbi ukuba uyenza xa kurhatyela okanye kuthi qheke ukusa, elona xesha lelona xesha losulelo lweengcongconi.
Ngesi sizathu, sicebisa ukuba uthathe amanyathelo okukhusela ulusu lwakho ekulunyweni, ukunxiba iimpahla ezifanelekileyo kunye nokusebenzisa izithambiso zokugxotha iingcongconi okanye iikhrimu, kunye nokukhusela iistrollers zabantwana ezinemesh echasene nezinambuzane. Elinye icebiso esikunika lona lelokuba kwizindlu ezikwiindawo ezisemngciphekweni wokosuleleka, izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokugxotha iingcongconi kunye neengcongconi zisetyenziswa kwiingcango nakwiifestile ukuthintela ukungena kweempukane.
Ukuba ukuthandile olu fundo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba nawe uya kuba nomdla wokufunda:
Inqaku elimangalisayo. Indicacisele izinto ezininzi. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba ndikwazi ukuthatha inja yam ukuba ivavanywe kwaye igonywe. Onjani wona ukungcola, impukane!