Las amachibi Zichazwa njenge-arsenal yamanzi amatsha kunye nolwandiso olungenzulu, ngokusisiseko bahlukaniswa ngokuqulatha amanzi kwimeko yokuzola, ngenxa yokuba abanayo intshukumo okanye imisinga. Kweli nqaku siza kubona ezinye iimpawu, ukuhlelwa kwazo kunye nokunye
Iimpawu kunye neentlobo zamachibi
Amachibi abonakaliswe ngokubamba intaphane yezityalo nezilwanyana, kuba ngaphandle kwamaqondo obushushu amanzi ayo, imele indawo yokuhlala yezilwanyana zaselwandle kunye nezinye izilwanyana zasemhlabeni.
Ziyabunjwa ukusuka kukwahlulwa kwenxalenye enkulu yamanzi ephambukiswa komnye umzimba, nokuba Imilambo okanye ulwandle, oluthi emva koko luzinze kumngxuma luze luphele lube lichibi. OKANYEEnye yeempawu zayo ezaziwa kakhulu kukuba amanzi ayo akhiwe ngamanzi acocekileyo. Azinabunzulu obukhulu, kwaye ubukhulu becala emazantsi omhlaba zikholisa ukufumba intlenga.
Ukuba i-lagoon ikufuphi nolwandle okanye ulwandle, amanzi alo athanda ukutshisa. Kwaye akukho kuzo zonke iimeko amanzi ahlala ecwengile okanye aluhlaza, kukho amachibi aneethoni ezimnyama, kuxhomekeke kumhlaba apho asekelwe khona.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zamachibi ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zabo kunye nenqanaba lonyango. Phakathi kwabo sifumana oku kulandelayo:
Amachibi aselunxwemeni
Zezo zibekwe kufutshane nezinye izinto ezinkulu zamanzi, ezinje ngemilambo, iingqaqa, Iilwandle kunye neelwandle, ezahlulwe kumachibi ngokusebenzisa imiqobo yesanti enqumlayo kwaye ijikeleze ichweba.
Olu hlobo lwechweba lubangela ukubunjwa kwalo kwinto yokuba inxalenye yomzimba wamanzi olwandle ingena kwimiqobo ebonakalayo equkuqela kummandla wonxweme lwayo, ibangela utshintshiselwano lwamanzi aguquguqukayo ukusuka elwandle ukuya echwebeni.
Ubungakanani bechweba ikakhulu bulawulwa lulwandle olukufutshane nalo, kuba ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yamaza kunye nomsinga apho ulwandle lukhona, ichweba liyakwandisa ukuxinana kwamanzi. Olu hlobo lwamachibi aselunxwemeni ngawona aziwa kakhulu.
Amanzi anokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela eligcinwe ngayo ichweba. Njengoko ingangqamani nomsinga wolwandle wolwandle olukufutshane, ipesenti encinci yetyuwa igcinwa ngaphakathi kuyo. Ikakhulu bathanda ukuba nobushushu bamanzi ashushu kunamanzi olwandle.
ii-atoll lagoons
Zizikhewu ezithanda ukuvela kwizigidi zeminyaka, kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga ne-35 yezigidi zeminyaka. Ivalwe ngohlobo lwendandatho okanye i-coral.
Olunye uhlobo lokwakheka kwale nkqubo imangalisayo yendalo iqhutywa ngokuhlaliswa kwechweba elwandle, ubukhulu becala kwiindawo ezithe zatshona, nto leyo evumela ukwakheka kweringi kunye ne-coral reef.
Olu hlobo lwechweba lunemilinganiselo emikhulu ngokobunzulu. Indlela engaqhelekanga yolwalwa luyenza ibe nethoni eqaqambileyo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokungathandabuzekiyo enomtsalane kwiliso lomntu.
Ukuhlelwa kwamachibi
Ulwahlulo lwabo lwenziwa ngokwegalelo leoksijini abayinikezelayo:
amachibi anemoya
Kuzo kukho ubukho beteknoloji ebandakanya umoya ongaphezulu, ngokusebenzisa i-aerators mechanical.
I-Anaerobic, zibonakaliswa ngokunciphisa umthwalo we-organic ngokukodwa wamanzi ngenkunkuma. Ikakhulu inqanaba lokuqala lonyango.
i-aerobic
Olu luhlobo lwechweba elingekho nzulu kakhulu, oku kungenxa yokuba livumela ukukhanya kungene kumphezulu ukuze kukhuphe ioksijini kwizityalo zaselwandle kwaye ngaloo ndlela kuvelise iphotosynthesis.
Amachibi abhibhidlayo aphezu komhlaba
Kuzo, yenzelwe ukuvelisa ukudibana kwamanzi nomoya ukuze kuthuthwe ioksijini emoyeni.
Static non-aerated
Ngokuqhelekileyo zibonelela ngeoksijini, zinento yokwenza nophuhliso kunye nenguquko ye-photosynthesizer, enobudlelwane nezityalo kunye ne-algae egcina ukukhanya kwelanga kunye nokuvelisa i-photosynthesis.
IiFlora kunye neZilwanyana zamachibi
Izilwanyana kunye nohlaza zimele into ebalulekileyo amachweba anayo kwi-ikhosistim yawo, ukusuka kwizinambuzane ukuya kwizilwanyana ezikhulu, kunye nokwahlukana okukhulu kwezityalo, ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo zamachibi.
izilwanyana
Izilwanyana ezihlala kula machweba zimelwe zizilwanyana ezahlukeneyo ezifana neenkumba, oononkala, ubukho obuninzi beengcongconi kunye neentaka ezihlala zikufuphi namachibi, iintlanzi kunye nezinambuzane ezincinci zaselwandle ezifana ne-shrimp zihlala kuzo kunye noononkala.
Phakathi kwezilwanyana ezingaqhelekanga ezihamba malunga namachibi, sifumana i-herons, i-flamingos, i-pelicans, amadada, phakathi kwabanye.
Flora
Izityalo ezikumachibi zibizwa ngokuba yi-hydrophytic izityalo ezikwaziyo ukuziqhelanisa neendawo apho kufumaneka ukufuma, njengoko kunjalo kwisityalo esibizwa ngokuba yiJunco grande. Ezinye iintlobo zezityalo ezifunyenweyo ziipesika phakathi kwezinye.
Ngokuphathelele iindawo ezikufuphi namachibi, kukho olunye uhlobo lohlaza olubalaseleyo, olutshintshwa sisandla somntu, izityalo ezinkulu namatyholo afana nengca namadlelo engca.
Esinye sezona zityalo zidadayo ziphambili ezenza ubomi kula machweba ziingxangxasi, ezibekwe kwindawo ethe tyaba apho kungekho bunzulu kangako bamanzi, umsebenzi wawo kwi-ecosystem ubandakanya ukuba likhusi lezilwanyana ezithile, ngokunjalo ukuphakwa kokutya.
izinto ezincinci
Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko zomzimba ezivezwa ngamanzi eechibi, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezinto eziphilayo ezihlala kuyo zinokufumaneka:
- IPlankton: Zibonakala ngokuba zizidalwa ezincinci ezihlala kumanzi olwandle, uninzi lwazo zifumaneka zihamba phakathi kwala manzi kubunzulu obungaphezulu kwe-820 yeenyawo. Zinokuba zombini i-macroscopic kunye ne-microscopic.
- Incton: Uphawu lwabo oluphambili kukuba banokuqubha ngokuchasene nomsinga, bazimele ngokupheleleyo kubo, bequbha kwindawo ethe tye kunye nethe nkqo.
- iibenthos: Zezo zityalo nezilwanyana ezihlala emazantsi olwandle, nangona zisenokufumaneka zintywiliselwe entlabathini.
- UNeuston: Zichazwa njengezinto eziphilayo zebhayoloji ezifumaneka kumphezulu wolwandle, ezikwaziyo ukuhamba kumphezulu wenqanaba lamanzi, zintywilisele imizimba yazo kwaye zidadayo ngaxeshanye.
- seston: Ngamasuntswana amancinane adada emanzini.
- i-periphyton: Zihlala rhoqo kumanzi amatsha, zihlelwa ngokwe-algae, umngundo kunye neentsholongwane.
Izisongelo zaseLagoon
I-Jellyfish, i-algae, intlanzi, iintaka, phakathi kwezinye izilwanyana zihlala zombini ngaphakathi kwamachibi nakwindawo ezingqongileyo, ngenxa yokuba kufutshane apho idibana nolwandle, amaxesha amaninzi iba yindawo yokusabela kwezinye iintlobo. tide kwaye bagqibe ekubeni bazikhusele kuyo.
Noko ke, phezu kwawo nje ubuhle obuboniswa ngala machibi kwindawo ehlala indalo nesi sijikelezi-langa, esona sisongelo sinokubakho sibangelwa ngumntu, izinto zabakhenkethi ziya zisonakalisa iindawo ezityelelwayo.