Esinye sezona zityalo zinomtsalane ngenxa yevumba elimnandi nelithambileyo ziiHyacinths, ezidla ngokutyalwa ngexesha lekwindla ukuze zifikelele ekudubuleni kwazo entwasahlobo, kodwa zikwakho iindlela zokuzikhulisa ebusika, ukuze zisebenze. umhombiso kuzo zombini izithuba zangaphandle nangaphakathi. Kweli nqaku sichaza yonke into malunga nesi sityalo esibizwa ngokuba yiHyacinths, qhubeka ufunda.
Isityalo seHyacinth kunye neempawu zayo
I-Hyacinths sisityalo esineentyantyambo ezinemibala eyahlukeneyo eqaqambileyo efana ne-cobalt eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, emfusa, ebomvu, emhlophe, ekhilimu kunye nepinki. Imvelaphi yayo ikwimimandla ye-Balkans kunye ne-Asia Minor, enye yeempawu zayo eziphambili livumba layo elinamandla nelinomtsalane elinokuthi liqhole igadi yakho yonke. Zityatyamba embindini wentwasa-hlobo ukuba zityalwe ngaphandle, kodwa zinokutyatyamba ngaphakathi endlwini ngeendlela ezithile zokunyanzela ukulima ngaphandle kwexesha lonyaka. Ukongeza, bayakwazi ukufikelela kubude obungange-25 cm, amagqabi e-basal athe tye kakhulu kwaye acwangciswe kwi-rosette kwaye abe ne-spike engqindilili eyenziwe ziintyatyambo ezinepere ezintathu nganye.
Indlela yokukhulisa i-hyacinths
Ukukhulisa olu hlobo lwesityalo kwiindawo ezivulekileyo kulula, okufuneka ukwenze kukutyalwa ngexesha lekwindla, kwindawo enelanga, iibhubhu ezinengcambu ezantsi kubunzulu be-10 cm kunye nomgama omncinci wee-intshi ezi-3 phakathi kwabo. kumhlaba ofumileyo, otsalwe kakuhle, kukhethwa uhlobo lwe-pH oluphezulu malunga ne-6 ukuya kwi-7,5, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ulungise umhlaba kwangaphambili ukususa lonke ukhula kunye nokongeza izinto eziphilayo. Emva koko kuya kufuneka igqunywe ngomhlaba, kwaye incenkceshelwe rhoqo.
Ukuba ukulima kwenziwa kwiimbiza, yenze malunga ne-5 cm ukuhlukana. Kwimiboniso yexesha elide, sebenzisa isivundiso esivundiweyo kwaye utyale iiglowubhu ziqelelane, njengoko ubuya kwenza xa uzityala emhlabeni. Ngethuba le nkqubo, nokuba iphantsi okanye kwi-container, qiniseka ukuba uhlala unxiba iiglavu kuba ii-bulbs zinokucaphukisa ulusu, ngenxa yento ebizwa ngokuba yi-oxalic acid. Kwelinye icala, kwiihyacinths ezikhuliswe ngaphakathi kuya kufuneka ukuba ube neeglowubhu ezifakwe ubushushu okanye ezilungele ukuboniswa kwezi ndawo.
Ezi glowubhu ziya kufakwa ezimbizeni kunye ne-compost efanelekileyo, ukwenzela ukuba iincam zazo zihlale ngaphezu komphezulu, oko kukuthi, ziqinisekise ukuba inxalenye ephezulu yebhalbhu nganye ibonakala. Emva koko zigqume kwaye uzigcine kwindawo emnyama epholileyo malunga neeveki ezilishumi, de kuvele amathupha, uze uwasuse kwindawo eqaqambileyo nenomoya ukuze kuvele iintyatyambo. Okubalulekileyo, akuyomfuneko ukutyala ihyacinths ngaphakathi kwindlu nzulu njengangaphandle.
Ukukhulisa iiBhalbhu zeHyacinth ngaphakathi
Ezi bhalbhu zikwalula ukukhawulezisa ukudumba kwazo ngexesha lasebusika ngokusebenzisa ubuchule bokunyanzelisa obubandakanya ukulawula iimeko ezahlukeneyo.Oku kulungele abo bakhetha ukungazithengi zipholile okanye zilungisiwe, kodwa bazenzele eyabo inkqubo yokupholisa ukuze balawule ngcono ixesha leentyantyambo kwaye ukhethe phakathi kweentlobo ezininzi ezikhoyo. Wakuba ufakwe kwisikhongozeli, gcina kwindawo emnyama kumaqondo obushushu angaphezulu kweqondo lomkhenkce, kodwa angabi ngaphezu kwe-7°C, kangangeeveki ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-14 ukuvumela iingcambu zikhule.
Kamva, xa ii-bulbs zi malunga ne-2,5 cm ubude, ngokukhawuleza ukwandisa ukukhanya kunye nokushisa. Ngeli xesha, amanzi ngononophelo, ugweme ukumanzisa amahlumela okanye ukukhukula umhlaba, gcina nje umanzi. Emva kokuba ixesha lokulinda lidlulile, unokuhambisa i-hyacinths kwindawo ecacileyo kunye nefudumeleyo ukuze amaqabunga aqale ukukhula. Ngelo xesha, baya kuthatha malunga neeveki ezintathu ezongezelelweyo ukudubula. Emva kweentyantyambo, i-hyacinths enyanzeliswayo inokukhutshelwa ngaphandle kwaye iya kuphinda idubule kwiminyaka elandelayo.
Ngenxa yezizathu ezichazwe ngasentla, khumbula ukuba indawo yokupholisa ii-bulbs yenye yezinto ezibonisa impumelelo yesityalo, ngoko ke ukuba uhlala kwindawo yemozulu enobusika obupholileyo apho ii-bulbs zingakheki, ungagcina. zifakwe emseleni okanye kwi-greenhouse egqunywe ngumaleko oshinyeneyo we-mulch okanye imfumba eshinyeneyo yamagqabi omileyo ukuwakhusela ekukhanyeni kwelanga kunye nokuwakhusela ekuguquguqukeni kobushushu. Kwiindawo ezipholileyo, unokugcina ii-bulbs kwindawo engaphantsi komhlaba okanye igaraji.
Unako kwakhona ukukhulisa esi sityalo kwiingqayi zeglasi okanye ivazi ezimilise okwehourglass, usebenzisa iibhalbhu eziphathwa ubushushu kuphela, kuba oku kugcwalisa iglasi nganye ngamanzi ukuya ngezantsi nje apho isiseko sebhalbhu siza kuhlala khona, uze ubeke ibhalbhu kwindawo yayo kwaye uqinisekise ukuba ibhalbhu ayiwachukumisi amanzi. Beka iglasi kwindawo epholileyo ngaphantsi kwe-10 ° C kwaye ibe mnyama kwiiveki ezintandathu ukuze iingcambu zenziwe. Xa ihlumelo eliluhlaza linobude obuphakathi kwe-7-10cm, hambisa iglasi ekukhanyeni okupheleleyo kwaye ubukele intyatyambo ikhula ngokuthe ngcembe. Jikelezisa isiqingatha seglasi ukujika yonke imihla ukukhusela isityalo ekukhuleni ekukhanyeni nasekuweni. Gcwalisa amanzi njengoko kufuneka.
Ukhathalelo lweHyacinth
Emva kokuba i-hyacinths igqibile ukuqhakaza ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, iintyatyambo zeentyatyambo kufuneka zinqunywe kwaye amagqabi avunyelwe ukuba abune ngokwemvelo ukuze asuswe. Izityalo kufuneka zigcine amagqabi azo ukuze ziqokelele amandla eentyantyambo zonyaka ozayo. Ukunkcenkceshelwa kweebhalbhu kufuneka kulawulwe njengoko ukufuma okuninzi kunokubangela ukubola kwaye wonke umzamo owenziweyo uya kuba yinkcitho. Unokukhusela izityalo ezikhuliswe kwi-container kumswakama ogqithisileyo wasebusika ngokuzigcina zigqunyiwe okanye ukuzihambisa kwindawo ekhuselekileyo.
Iibhalbhu zingahlala emhlabeni unyaka wonke kwiindawo ezininzi zokutyala, kodwa ukuba amaqondo obushushu ebusika awehli ngaphantsi kwe-16°C, kufuneka agrunjwe ekwindla kwaye afakwe efrijini kwindawo epholileyo. Isityalo sifuna ixesha lemozulu epholileyo ukuze sichume. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ii-bulbs eziye zadubula ngaphakathi akufanele zigcinwe ngokuthe ngqo, kodwa emva kokuba amahlamvu efa ngaphandle, ngelo xesha anokuthi angeniswe ngaphakathi kwaye agcinwe kwindawo epholileyo, emnyama, eyomileyo de ekwindla okanye ebusika.
Ukusasaza njani iHyacinths
Iibhalbhu zeHyacinth azihlali ngaphezulu kweminyaka emithathu okanye emine. Ukuba ufuna ukusasaza iiglowubhu ezininzi zehyacinth, linda kude kube sekupheleni kwehlobo kwaye ukhethe ngokucokisekileyo iiglowubhu. Susa naziphi na izinto ezincinci ezisusela kwikona ezijikeleze iibhalbhu kwaye uphinde utyale yonke into, kubandakanywa neebhalbhu zokuqala. Yiba nomonde njengoko kuya kuthatha iminyaka embalwa ukuba i-offsets ikhule. Ekubeni izityalo zingafa phakathi kwehlobo, phawula indawo yazo ngelixa zisaqhakaza.
Iindyikitya zokufa nezifo
Ezona zinambuzane zixhaphakileyo ezihlasela esi sityalo ziinematodes. Ikholisa ukuhlasela iibhalbhu zehyacinth kunye nezinye izityalo ezinjenge-tulips kunye nezinye ezininzi. Xa izityalo zingene, amagqabi abonakala mafutshane kakhulu kunesiqhelo kwaye ajijekile; kwezi uya kubona igaqa elityheli okanye elimdaka apho iintshulube zifumaneka khona. Kwelinye icala, kukho impukane yebhalbhu, ekwahlasela nezinye iintlobo zezityalo ezifana neetulips needaffodils. Kwakhona, ivame ukubeka amaqanda ekuqaleni kwamagqabi, kwaye izibungu zayo zinokukhula ngaphakathi kwee-bulbs, ezibolayo.
Ukongezelela, phakathi kwezinambuzane ezininzi ezinokuchaphazela esi sityalo, kukho i-aphid, umonakalo wayo ubangelwa ngokuthe ngqo xa zifunxa incindi kwaye zidlulisela ngokungangqalanga intsholongwane kwisityalo. Ukwazi izinambuzane, kubalulekile ukugqamisa izifo ezinokuthi zibangele, umzekelo, ukubola kwee-bulbs, umbala ophuzi ubonakala emagqabini kunye nokubola kwe-bulb, ngoko isityalo siyafa ngexesha elifutshane. Oku kunokuphetshwa xa iiglowubhu zifakwe kuhlobo oluthile lwesisombululo seBenomyl malunga nemizuzu engama-20 phambi kokutyala.
Kwakhona, kukho i-bacteriosis edla ngokubangela ukuba i-bulb ye-hyacinth ibole. Ukuthintela oku, ii-bulbs eziphilileyo zityalwe, kwaye izityalo ezigulayo zitshatyalaliswa. Ukongeza kwi-hyacinth mosaic virus, iimpawu ezibangelwa zezi ntsholongwane zezinye iindidi zamachokoza amnyama okanye amabala akwisiseko segqabi lehyacinth ngokwalo. Izityalo ezosulelekileyo ziba zincinci, iintyatyambo zilibazisekile, kwaye iintyatyambo ziyancitshiswa kwaye zivuleke kakubi kakhulu.
Esinye sezifo eziyingozi kakhulu yi-botrytis okanye i-gray mold. Esi sifo sibangela ukuba amagqabi aqale abe nombala kwaye agqunywe kukungunda ongwevu okwaziwa njenge Botrytis cinerea. Kwimozulu ebandayo nefumileyo, ziyabumba kwaye zibole okwentyatyambo. Kwelinye icala, kukhankanywa umhlwa, okuyifungus edla ngokuhlasela isityalo, ivelisa iintlobo ze-pustules kumagqabi esityalo akhangeleka ngathi ngamaqhuma amancinci atyheli okanye amdaka.
Kukho kwakhona iFusarium. IiHyacinths ezibuthathaka, ezidubula kakubi, kwaye ziphele zibunile zimveliso zeFusarium. Uninzi lweengcambu kunye nenxalenye ethe tyaba yebhalbhu ikwimeko embi okanye itshatyalaliswe yifungi ngokwazo. Ukongezelela, kuqhelekile ukuba iintyatyambo ziwe ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo, ezifana nomswakama ogqithiseleyo emhlabeni, utshintsho ngokukhawuleza kwiqondo lokushisa okanye ukungabikho kwamanzi. Omnye umngundo yiPenicillium sp. ebonakala kakhulu ngexesha logcino, njengoko ikhula kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi malunga ne-17 ºC kunye nokufuma okuphezulu.
Inyaniso enomdla malunga nesi sifo sokugqibela kukuba iimpawu zokuqala ezibonakala ekupheleni kweengcambu ziintlobo zeendawo ze-necrotic. Iibhalbhu zikwavela kwaye zikholisa ukwenza amahlumela amafutshane. Ekugqibeleni, kukho i-Erwinia Carotovora, echaphazela isityalo ngenxa yokulimala okanye ukufuma komhlaba. Amadyungudyungu abosulelekileyo athanda ukuba tyheli ngombala kwaye abe nevumba elibi kakhulu. Izityalo ziyadodobala zize zife. Ukuba usulelo lunzima, ii-bulbs aziyi kuvelisa amahlumela.
Iintlobo zeHyacinths
Ihyacinth yaseDatshi okanye ibhatyi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: Ibonisa i-spikes ezishinyeneyo zeentyatyambo eziluhlaza bumnyama ezinomgca omfusa omnyama kwipetali nganye. Amagqabi aso abonakala edada kwaye ame nkqo, aluhlaza okwe-lance, esi sityalo sinokudubula iiveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 phakathi kweenyanga zasentwasahlobo. Ukongeza, kunokuqatshelwa ukuba inobude obuphakathi kwe-15 ukuya kwi-25 yeesentimitha. Ikhula kumndilili, ukufuma okuphakathi, imihlaba egalelwe kakuhle elangeni okanye emthunzini. Ngale ndlela kuyacetyiswa ukuba umhlaba uhlale ufumile ngexesha lokukhula.
IHyacinth Carnegie: mhlawumbi sesona simhlophe kuzo zonke iintlobo zezi zityalo, kunye nezikhonkwane zaso eziqaqambileyo ezimhlophe qhwa ezigqunywe ziintyatyambo ezimile okwenkwenkwezi. Amagqabi awo ame ngokuthe tye kwimibala eluhlaza eqaqambileyo efana nomkhonto, odubula rhoqo ngenyanga. Inobude obuqikelelwayo be-15 ukuya kwi-25 yeesentimitha, ifana kakhulu nale yangaphambili. Ilungele ukukhula ekwindla kwaye ingakhuliswa kwizikhongozeli, iigadi zamatye okanye iindlela zokuhamba.
Isixeko saseHyacinth saseHarlem: Yibhalbhu ye-30 cm ubude kunye namagqabi aluhlaza, aluhlaza, kunye neentyantyambo ezinevumba elimnandi, ezimthubi. Ithiywe ngombindi wembali bollenstreek kumazantsi eHolland. Inobomi beminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemi-5, kucetyiswa ukuba ekutyaleni kwayo bahlulwe ngamamitha ayi-0,1. Ukongeza, ukuphepha ukungeniswa kwayo kuba inetyhefu ephantsi enokubangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kunye nokucaphukisa ulusu.
IHyacinth Jan Bos: ineentyantyambo ezibomvu ezinzulu, kunye nencam yepetal encanyana. Izikhondo zeentyatyambo ezibhityileyo kunye nombala ogqamile, oqaqambileyo uzuze iimbasa ezininzi zehorticultural. I-Jan Bos yeyona hyacinth ibomvu yokunyanzeliswa kwangoko. Enyanisweni, uya kufuna malunga neeglowubhu ezine ngeenyawo zesikwere. Ngokuphathelele ubungakanani besityalo, kunokuthiwa ukuba ifikelela kwi-16 ukuya kwi-17 centimeters. Luhlobo lwesityalo esifuna ukukhanya kwelanga okugcweleyo ukuya kwinxalenye. Elona xesha lokudubula kweentyantyambo kwindawo ye-horticultural ngo-Epreli, kwakhona, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uzityale i-intshi ezi-6 ubunzulu kunye ne-intshi ezi-6 ngaphandle.
Ungatyala phi
I-Hyacinths iyaqhakaza ukuphucula izitiya, ngoko ke ukutyala amaqoqo eeglobhu zehyacinth phambi kwezi ndawo ezingapheliyo kuya kubonelela ngombala oqaqambileyo kwaye kukunike isiqalo kwangethuba kwixesha lonyaka. Kwakhona, ukuzityala kufutshane nomnyango okanye ecaleni kwendlela kuya kukuvumela ukuba wonwabele ivumba lazo ngalo lonke ixesha udlula ngendlela. Ukubonisa okumangalisayo kombala wasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, xuba kwaye udibanise i-hyacinths kunye ne-daffodils, i-emperor tulips, i-tulips ephindwe kabini kunye ne-muscari.
I-hyacinths eyongezelelweyo ingatyalwa kwindawo apho awuyi kucinga ukusika iintyatyambo. Ngale ndlela unokuyonwabela ivumba layo ngaphakathi nangaphandle. I-Hyacinths ihlala ixesha elide kwi-vase kwaye ibonakala ithandeka ngokwayo okanye ixutywe kunye ne-tulips kunye nezinye iintyatyambo zasentwasahlobo. Ekugqibeleni, zikhethwa kakhulu kwiimbiza kunye nezityalo. Njengoko ii-bulbs ziqhakaza, ungazihambisa izitya kwindawo ecacileyo apho kulula ukuxabisa ubuhle kunye nevumba leentyatyambo.
Isilumkiso kwimeko yokuba nezilwanyana zasekhaya
Ukunyamekela kufuneka kuthathwe malunga nezilwanyana ezifuywayo, njengoko ezininzi iintyatyambo zasentwasahlobo, ezifana ne-hyacinths kunye ne-daffodils, ziqulethe i-compound enokubangela isisu okanye isifo sokuphefumula, kunye nokucaphuka kwesikhumba. Le nto, i-calcium oxalate, igxininiswe ngakumbi kwii-bulbs, kodwa ifumaneka kumagqabi kunye neentyantyambo ze-hyacinth. Gcina i-hyacinths kwindawo ekude nezilwanyana ezinomdla kwaye unxibe iiglavu xa uziphethe ixesha elide. Inzuzo kuphela yetyhefu kukuba izitshabalalisi eziqhelekileyo zasegadini ezifana ne-squirrels kunye ne-groundhogs zihlala zingahendeki ukuba zitye i-hyacinth bulbs.
Ukuba uthanda eli nqaku malunga nesi Sityalo esibizwa ngokuba yiHyacinths, siyakumema ukuba ufunde amanye amanqaku aqulethe izihloko ezinomdla kwezi zikhonkco zilandelayo: